JP7744845B2 - How to prevent little terns from flying in - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for preventing the arrival of little terns, which are designated as internationally endangered wild fauna and flora, from arriving as breeding grounds.

The little tern is a migratory bird that is designated as an endangered species in Japan and an internationally endangered species under bilateral migratory bird treaties between Japan and Russia, Japan and the United States, Japan and China, and Japan and Australia.

This species of little tern prefers riverbanks with low vegetation coverage, gravel areas on sandbars, and sandy coastal beaches as breeding grounds, and is known to migrate to Japan in the spring to nest.

However, under the Wildlife Protection Act, it is prohibited to interfere with the breeding activities of little terns or harm their eggs or chicks. If little terns fly in and nest during construction work, construction work will have to be halted, so taking measures to prevent them from flying in and preventing the site from becoming a nesting site is a challenge in terms of construction supervision.

Consequently, various measures have been implemented depending on the site, such as painting the ground surface artificially green to disguise it as grass, spraying asphalt emulsion, and installing bird-repellent camouflage such as bird netting, crow models, and windsocks (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1).

"Guidelines for the Conservation and Consideration of Little Tern Breeding Grounds," Wildlife Division, Natural Environment Bureau, Ministry of the Environment, March 2014

However, with the conventional techniques described above, the work of applying green paint to the ground surface and spraying black asphalt emulsion was time-consuming, and these had to be removed when the area was to be used.

Furthermore, there was a risk that the effectiveness of mimicry intended to repel birds would be halved once the birds became accustomed to it.

In light of these conventional problems, the present invention was made with the aim of providing a simple and efficient method for preventing the arrival of little terns.

The feature of the invention described in claim 1 for solving the above-mentioned conventional problems is to form one or more camouflaged grass areas made up of grass-colored string- or tape-like grass camouflaging material laid along the ground surface of a flying object prevention area made up of sand and gravel or the like with a low vegetation coverage rate, thereby disguising the flying object prevention area as grass.

The feature of the invention described in claim 2 is that, in addition to the configuration of claim 1 , in the camouflaged grass area, one end of a grass-colored string-like or tape-like grass camouflaging material is connected to the grass camouflaging material.

The feature of the invention described in claim 3 is that, in addition to the configuration of claim 1 or 2 , the camouflaged grass area is made up of multiple drain materials, at least the upper ends of which are grass-colored, buried underground with their upper ends protruding above the ground surface of the flying object prevention area, and the area is disguised as grass by the multiple drain materials.

The feature of the invention described in claim 4 is that in addition to the configuration of claim 1 or 2 , a mesh or mat-like grass simulating laying material is laid in the camouflaged grass area.

The feature of the invention described in claim 5 is that in addition to the configuration of any one of claims 1 to 4 , a grass camouflage installation having one or more three-dimensional parts is installed in the camouflaged grass area.

The feature of the invention described in claim 6 is that, in addition to the configuration of claim 5 , the grass camouflage installation has an insertion portion on the upper surface, and grass, trees, or imitation grass or trees are inserted into the insertion portion.

The invention described in claim 7 is characterized in that, in addition to the configuration of claim 5 or 6 , the outer surface of the grass camouflaging installation is painted grass-colored or camouflaging tape is attached to the outer surface.

The feature of the invention described in claim 8 is that, in addition to the configuration of any one of claims 1 to 7 , the camouflaged grass area is equipped with camouflaged materials that mimic birds, animals, or objects that terns avoid.

The invention as set forth in claim 9 is characterized in that, in addition to the configuration of claim 8 , the imitation object is a floating body or a kite.

The method for preventing the arrival of little terns according to the present invention, by being provided with the features of claim 1, can easily prevent the arrival of little terns at construction sites etc. Also, it can easily camouflage grasslands.

Furthermore, in the present invention, by providing the configuration of claim 2 , the grass camouflage material is swayed by the wind, allowing it to be suitably disguised as grass, and a three-dimensional camouflaged grass area can be formed.

Furthermore, in the present invention, by incorporating the configuration of claim 3 , drainage materials such as plastic board drainage materials used for ground improvement in flying prevention areas and liquefaction prevention measures can be effectively utilized, and the site where ground improvement work etc. is being carried out can be disguised as grassland and called a disguised grass area.

Furthermore, in the present invention, by providing the configuration of claim 4 , the camouflaged grass area can be suitably camouflaged.

Furthermore, in the present invention, by providing the configuration of claim 5 , the camouflaged grass area can be formed three-dimensionally.

Furthermore, in the present invention, by providing the configurations of claims 6 and 7 , the grassland camouflaging installation can be camouflaged to look more like a real herbaceous community or the like.

Furthermore, in the present invention, by providing the configurations of claims 8 and 9 , it is possible to effectively prevent the arrival of little terns.

1 is a plan view showing an example of an embodiment of a method for preventing the arrival of little terns according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view showing the camouflage grass area in FIG. 1. 1A is a perspective view showing the grass camouflaging installation of the same, and FIG. 1B is a perspective view showing an example of how the grass camouflaging installation is used. FIG. 10 is an enlarged perspective view showing another example of a camouflaged grass area for the method for preventing the arrival of little terns according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway enlarged perspective view showing an example of the drain material.

Next, an embodiment of the method for preventing the arrival of little terns according to the present invention will be described based on the example shown in Figures 1 to 3. Note that reference number 1 in the figures indicates a flight prevention area such as a construction site.

Prevention Area 1 is a construction site or other area under construction that is composed of sand and gravel with low vegetation coverage, and is an area where prevention measures are required to prevent the site from becoming a nesting site for little terns during construction management.

To prevent little terns from flying into this prevention zone 1, one or more camouflaged grass areas 2 are created on the ground surface of the prevention zone 1, disguising the prevention zone 1 as grassland unsuitable for breeding grounds for little terns.

The area and shape of each camouflaged grass area 2, as well as the spacing between each camouflaged grass area 2, will be determined based on grasslands where little terns do not actually fly, and will take into consideration the area, topography, and other conditions of the camouflaged grass area 1.

As shown in Figure 2, the camouflaged grass area 2 is made up of grass-colored string- or tape-like camouflaged grass materials 3, 3... laid along the uneven ground surface of the bird-trap prevention area 1, and is surrounded by camouflaged grass materials 3, 3... laid along the contours.

The grass disguise materials 3, 3... are fixed to the ground surface at predetermined locations spaced along their length by fixing members 4 such as nails or anchors, and the unfixed portions are in a bent state.

Although not specifically shown, the grass camouflage materials 3, 3... may be laid not only along the outline, but also in multiple locations within the camouflaged grass area 2, and may be laid in any direction, vertically, horizontally, or diagonally.

Furthermore, the grass camouflage materials 3, 3... may be installed in a state where they are raised above the ground between the mounting rods 10, 10 of the grass camouflage installations 6, 6 described below.

One end of grass-colored string- or tape-like grass camouflage materials 5, 5... is connected to these grass camouflage materials 3, 3... at intervals along the length, and these grass camouflage materials 5, 5... are blown upward by the wind, creating the illusion of real grass.

The grass camouflage materials 3, 3... and the grass camouflage materials 5, 5... are made of lightweight, flexible strings or tapes, and it is desirable that the grass camouflage materials 5, 5... be strip-shaped so that they can easily be blown by the wind.

In addition, although not specifically shown, by connecting one end of multiple string- or tape-like branch and leaf camouflage materials made from the same material as the grass camouflage materials 5, 5... to the grass camouflage materials 5, 5..., it is possible to disguise the grass as being more realistic.

In addition, in the camouflaged grass area 2, grass camouflaging installations 6, 6... are installed along the outline, allowing for three-dimensional camouflage. The installation locations of the grass camouflaging installations 6, 6... are not limited to the outline, and can be installed anywhere within the camouflaged grass area 2.

The grass camouflaging installations 6, 6... comprise a three-dimensional portion 6a formed in the shape of a triangular pyramid or the like, and at least the outer surface of the three-dimensional portion 6a is painted grass-colored, or as shown in Figure 3(b), camouflaging tape 7 that resembles grass is attached to the outer surface. Note that the shape of the three-dimensional portion 6a is not limited to a triangular pyramid, and can be any shape.

Furthermore, the grass camouflage installations 6, 6... are not limited to those placed on the ground surface as in the above-mentioned examples. For example, they may be grass-colored, board-shaped, rod-shaped, or other long objects that are installed by burying the lower part underground with the upper end protruding from the ground surface, with the protruding part being the three-dimensional part.

In this embodiment, grass color refers not only to the "dull yellow-green" defined by the JIS color standard, but also to colors that change with the seasons, such as grass color, light green, and the brown of withered grass, as well as colors similar to the color of the surrounding grass at the time of installation.

The top surface of the three-dimensional section 6a is provided with an insertion section 6b, into which grass, trees, or imitation grass or trees 8 can be inserted. Furthermore, an attachment rod 10 for attaching the imitation object 9, described below, may be inserted into the insertion section 6b.

Commercially available green pylons can be used for these grass disguise installations 6, 6.... Green pylons can be used as they are, or portions can be colored grass green.

Furthermore, it is desirable to install mimicry materials 9 in the camouflage grass area 2 that mimic birds, animals, or objects that little terns avoid.

The mimicry 9 may be, for example, a kite modeled after a hawk, which is a natural enemy of the little tern, or a float or windsock modeled after a crow.

Each camouflage element 9 is attached to an attachment rod 10 inserted into the insertion portion 6b of the grass camouflage installation 6, 6..., or to a grass camouflage element 3, 3..., etc., via a flexible attachment string 11, and is designed to move when blown by the wind.

In addition, although not specifically shown, grass-colored mesh or mat-like grass camouflage material may be laid in the camouflaged grass area 2. By laying this grass camouflaged material, the camouflaged grass area 2 will appear more like grass when viewed from above.

This method of preventing the arrival of little terns can easily and quickly camouflage grasslands by installing string- or tape-like grass camouflage materials 3, 3... and grass camouflage materials 5, 5..., and installing grass camouflage installations 6, 6..., etc., and can efficiently establish one or more camouflaged grass areas 2 in a flight prevention area 1.

Furthermore, the camouflaged grass areas 2 can be easily removed, and multiple camouflaged grass areas 2 installed can be partially removed as construction work progresses. Furthermore, the camouflaged grass materials 3, 3... can be easily replaced if damaged by strong winds, etc.

As a result, this prevention zone 1 can cause little terns to mistakenly believe it to be grassland, preventing them from arriving and building nests, allowing construction work and other activities to be carried out without interruption.

In the above embodiment, an example was described in which the camouflage grass area 2 was formed into a rectangle, but the shape of the camouflage grass area 2 is not limited to a rectangle and can be any shape.

Furthermore, the aspects of the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiments. For example, as shown in Figures 4 and 5, multiple drainage materials 20, 20... with at least their upper ends in a grass-colored color may be buried underground with their upper ends protruding above the ground surface of the flying object prevention area 1, and these multiple drainage materials 20, 20... may disguise the camouflaged grass area 2 as grass. Note that components similar to those in the above-described embodiments will be assigned the same reference numerals and descriptions thereof will be omitted.

The drainage material 20, 20... is, for example, a plastic board drainage material as shown in Figure 5, and is equipped with a core 23 having longitudinally oriented water passage grooves 21, 22 on the front and back sides, and water-permeable filters 24, 24 covering both the front and back sides of the core 23. The water-permeable filters 24, 24 are fixed to the front and back sides of the core 23, respectively, and the entire material forms a flexible, thin sheet.

Note that the drain materials 20, 20... are not limited to the plastic board drain material shown in Figure 5. For example, other types of plastic board drain materials may be used, or chemical drains made of porous synthetic resin fibers may be used.

The core body 23 is made of synthetic resin and comprises multiple vertical wall members 23a, 23a... arranged parallel to each other and facing each other, and horizontal wall members 23b arranged between each of the vertical wall members 23a, 23a. The horizontal wall members 23b are arranged in a staggered pattern in cross section, forming shallow water passage grooves 21 and deep water passage grooves 22 alternately on the front and back of the core body 23.

The shape of the core body 23 is not limited to the above example, and may, for example, have a corrugated cross section.

The synthetic resin that makes up this core 23 contains a grass-green coloring agent or uses a grass-green resin, or the surface of the core 23 is coated with grass-green paint, so that the entire core 23 is grass-green.

The permeable filters 24, 24 are formed into a permeable sheet using nonwoven fabric made of polyester synthetic fibers.

The polyester synthetic fibers that make up these water-permeable filters 24, 24 are made from a resin containing a grass-green colorant, or the surface of the synthetic fibers is colored grass-green, giving the entire water-permeable filter 24, 24 a grass-green color.

The grass color of the core 23 and permeable filters 24, 24 that make up the drainage materials 20, 20... does not only refer to the "dull yellow-green" specified in the JIS color standard, but also includes colors that change with the seasons, such as grass color, light green, and the brown color of dried grass, colors similar to the color of the surrounding grass at the time of installation, and other green colors that can be formed using resins.

Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the entire core body 23 and water-permeable filter 24 are described as being formed in a grass green color, but only the portions of the core body 23 and water-permeable filter 24 that protrude above the ground surface may be formed or colored in a grass green color.

Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, both the core body 23 and the water-permeable filters 24, 24 are grass-colored, but only the water-permeable filters 24, 24 covering the surface of the core body 23 may be grass-colored.

As shown in Figure 4, these drain materials 20, 20... are buried in a ground improvement target layer 25, such as soft ground, with horizontal spacing (usually about 1.0 to 2.0 m) between each other and their upper ends protruding a certain length (100 mm to 1000 mm), and are used for ground improvement and liquefaction prevention measures. Note that in the figure, reference numeral 26 denotes the upper layer of the ground, and reference numeral 27 denotes the impermeable layer below the ground improvement target layer 25. Furthermore, these drain materials 20, 20... may also be used in the flying debris prevention area 1 simply to disguise the disguised grass area 2 as grass, rather than as ground improvement or liquefaction prevention measures.

On the other hand, at least the upper ends of these drain materials 20, 20... are formed in a grass color and protrude a certain length (100 mm to 1000 mm) above the ground surface. Therefore, when viewed from above, the upper ends of the drain materials 20, 20... protruding above the ground surface appear to be covered with multiple grasses, and the area where multiple drain materials 20, 20... are installed can be disguised as a grassy area, known as the Disguised Grass Area 2.

In addition, the upper ends of the flexible drainage materials 20, 20... are protruded by a certain length (100 mm to 1000 mm), so that the upper ends protruding above the ground surface sway in the wind, making them appear more like grass.

Furthermore, as shown in Figure 4, by using these drainage materials 20, 20... in combination with grass camouflage materials 3, grass camouflage materials (not shown), and grass camouflage installations 6, the camouflaged grass area 2 can be made to look more like grassland. It is also possible to configure the camouflaged grass area 2 using only the drainage materials 20, 20....

1 Flying prevention area 2 Camouflaged grass area 3 Grassland camouflage material 4 Fixing member 5 Grass camouflage material 6 Grassland camouflage installation 7 Tape 8 Imitation 9 Camouflage material 10 Mounting rod 11 Mounting string 20 Drainage material 21 Shallow water passage groove 22 Deep water passage groove 23 Core material 24 Permeable filter 25 Ground improvement target layer 26 Upper layer 27 Impermeable layer

Claims (9)

A method for preventing the arrival of little terns, characterized by creating one or more camouflaged grass areas made up of grass-colored string- or tape-like grass camouflaging material laid along the ground surface of a flight prevention area made up of sand and gravel or the like with low vegetation coverage, and disguising the flight prevention area as grass. 2. The method for preventing the arrival of little terns according to claim 1 , wherein the camouflaged grass area has one end of a grass-colored string-like or tape-like grass camouflaging material connected to the grass camouflaging material. A method for preventing the arrival of little terns as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein the camouflaged grass area is made up of multiple drainage materials, at least the upper ends of which are grass-colored, buried underground with their upper ends protruding above the ground surface of the fly-prevention area , and the multiple drainage materials disguise the area as grass. 3. The method for preventing the arrival of little terns according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a mesh or mat-like grass camouflage material is laid in the camouflaged grass area. The method for preventing the arrival of little terns according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a grassland camouflaging installation having one or more three-dimensional parts is installed in the camouflaged grass area. 6. The method for preventing the arrival of little terns according to claim 5 , wherein the grass disguise installation has an insertion section on an upper surface thereof, and grass, trees or imitations of grass or trees are inserted into the insertion section. 7. The method for preventing the arrival of little terns according to claim 5 or 6 , wherein the outer surface of the grass camouflaging installation is painted in grass color or has camouflaging tape attached to the outer surface. 8. The method for preventing the arrival of little terns according to claim 1 , wherein the camouflaged grass area is provided with camouflaged materials that mimic birds, animals or objects that little terns avoid. 9. The method for preventing the arrival of little terns according to claim 8 , wherein the mimicry is a floating body or a kite.