JP7746451B2 - Fire hydrant equipment - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a fire hydrant device that pulls out a nozzle-equipped hose to discharge fire-fighting water or fire-fighting foam.

Traditionally, fire hydrant systems have been installed as emergency equipment inside tunnels on expressways and expressways. These systems have a hydrant door that can be opened and closed, and contain a hose with a nozzle at the end and valves, including a hydrant valve.

Fire hydrant devices are generally installed embedded in the tunnel walls at intervals of, for example, 50 meters along the tunnel side walls. In the event of a vehicle accident involving a fire, in tunnels with guard passages, road users such as the driver of the involved vehicle climb up to the guard passage using steps installed on the side of the passage, open the hydrant door of the fire hydrant device installed on the tunnel wall to the front, remove the hose with the nozzle, and perform firefighting operations.

The inspector's passage is a sidewall passageway that is elevated above the road surface, allowing inspectors to safely inspect various equipment installed inside the tunnel, including fire hydrant systems, without interfering with vehicle traffic inside the tunnel.

In addition, in tunnels without guard passages, users such as the driver of the accident vehicle approach the fire hydrant device installed on the tunnel wall, open the fire hydrant door forward, and similarly take out the hose with the nozzle to perform firefighting operations.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-181057 JP 2008-055024 A JP 2009-285126 A Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-190315 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-009053 Japanese Patent Application No. 2016-102107 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2017-209135) Japanese Patent Application No. 2016-102209 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2017-209145) Microfilm of Utility Model Application No. 63-036438 (Utility Model Application No. 01-140968) Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 11-137711

However, in urban tunnels constructed using methods such as shield tunneling, the structure does not allow fire hydrant devices to be embedded in the tunnel walls, and so fire hydrant devices must be embedded in the side (wall) of the guard passage.

However, when a fire hydrant device with a front-opening door like a conventional fire hydrant is installed in a watchman's passage, there is a problem that when the fire hydrant door opens, it will exceed the building limit and protrude into the road.

On the other hand, even if this problem could be solved, if the fire hydrant device is installed flush with the wall of the guard's passage facing the road inside the tunnel, when a vehicle fire occurs and the vehicle stops in front of the hydrant door, the stopped vehicle may get in the way and make it impossible to open the hydrant door and pull out the hose. Furthermore, even if it were possible to operate the hydrant door from the guard's passage, it would require the guard to bend down and reach out to open it, which could make operating the fire hydrant device time-consuming.

The present invention aims to provide a fire hydrant device that is simple and easy to use.

(Fire hydrant equipment)
The present invention provides a fire hydrant device that is installed by embedding in an internal space below the second passage surface of a step portion having a second passage surface that is provided along the road side of the first passage surface and is one step higher than the first passage surface, and a step side wall surface that stands at the boundary between the first passage surface and the second passage surface, and when installed by embedding in the internal space below the second passage surface of the step portion, the front surface is exposed from the step side wall surface and the top surface is exposed from the second passage surface, and a hose is stored in a hose storage section inside the device ,
a front door that can open and close a front door opening that is opened in a part of the upper surface side of the front surface;
a hose guide located inside the device and located within an area surrounded by the edge of the front door opening when viewed from the front , and provided along the lower edge of the front door opening, for guiding the hose from below when pulling it out from the front door opening to the front of the fire hydrant device;
Equipped with
The hose storage section is characterized in that it is provided inside the device so that its top is located below the hose guide.

(hose storage section)
The hose is stored in the hose storage section by being wound in layers from the bottom side to the top side of the fire hydrant device.

(Installed in the guard passageway inside the tunnel)
The step section is a guard passageway provided along the tunnel wall in the tunnel and having a road surface one step higher than the road surface,
the first passage surface is a road surface,
The second passage surface is the road surface of the guard passage,
It is installed embedded in the internal space below the road surface of the guard passage so that its front surface is exposed from the step side wall surface of the guard passage and its top surface is exposed from the road surface of the guard passage.

An explanatory diagram showing emergency tunnel equipment, including fire hydrant equipment, installed in a tunnel on a motorway. An explanatory diagram showing the appearance of a fire hydrant storage box under normal conditions FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the appearance of the fire hydrant storage box of FIG. 2 from the front and top. An explanatory diagram showing the appearance of the fire hydrant storage box of Figure 2 from the side. An explanatory diagram showing the front opening handle of a fire hydrant storage box provided with a front opening mechanism. FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing the mechanical structure of a front-opening mechanism that opens the second upper door forward and slides open the front door by dropping it. An explanatory diagram showing the internal structure of a fire hydrant storage box An explanatory diagram showing the opening operation of the front door and the second upper door when operating from the road side An explanatory diagram showing the opening operation of the first upper door when operating from the guard passage side.

[Outline of tunnel emergency equipment]
The tunnel 10 is constructed using the shield tunneling method and is enclosed by a cylindrical tunnel wall 12. The tunnel wall 12 is separated by a deck slab 18, forming a road 15. In this example, the road 15 has two lanes in each direction.

A guard passage 14 is provided along the tunnel wall 12 on the left side of the road 15 separated by the deck slab 18, and the internal space below the guard passage 14 is used as a duct 22, in which electrical conduits and the like are laid. The guard passage 14 is, for example, 90 centimeters high and 70 centimeters wide.

The underside of the deck slab 18 on which the road 15 is formed is divided into multiple sections laterally across the tunnel. For example, the section located below the guard passage 14 is used as a maintenance passage 20, which is also used as an emergency evacuation route in the event of a fire inside the tunnel. A water supply main 24 is laid in the maintenance passage 20.

Fire hydrant facilities 16 are installed every 50 meters along the length of the tunnel 10, and the fire hydrant facilities 16 are installed separately in a fire hydrant storage box 30 containing the hose and a water discharge control mechanism storage section 26.

The fire hydrant storage box 30 is located in a box-shaped recessed fire hydrant hollowed out from the road surface of the guard passage 14 to the wall on the road 15 side. The water discharge control mechanism storage section 26 is located in the management passage 20 below the fire hydrant storage box 30, and a branch pipe branching off from the main water supply pipe 24 is routed into it, and a water supply pipe 25 that supplies fire water to the fire hydrant storage box 30 is also installed.

[Fire hydrant facilities]
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the appearance of a fire hydrant storage box under normal conditions, FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the appearance of the fire hydrant storage box of FIG. 2 from the front and from above, and FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the appearance of the fire hydrant storage box of FIG. 2 from the side.

(External structure of fire hydrant storage box)
2 to 4, the hydrant storage box 30 of the hydrant equipment 16 is installed by embedding it in the internal space below the road surface of the monitor passage 14. The hydrant storage box 30 has a front door 32 that is arranged to slide freely up and down in a front door opening 33 formed on the upper center of the front surface of a housing 31.

A first upper door 34 with the same width as the front door 32 is located in the first upper door opening 35 formed in the center of the top surface of the fire hydrant storage box 30 on the road side of the monitor passage 14. Furthermore, a second upper door opening 37 is formed in the center of the front side of the first upper door 34, and a second upper door 36 is located here.

The first upper door 34 is supported on both sides of its front edge by hinges 46 located at the front corners of the upper part of the housing 31, and can be opened upward and rearward around the hinges 46, as shown in Figure 4 for the first upper door 34a.

The rear edge of the second upper door 36 is pivotally supported by a hinge 42 on the second top door opening 37 of the first upper door 34, and as shown in Figure 4, the second upper door 36a can be opened upward around the hinge 42 to open forward.

A front-opening handle 38 is pivoted by a hinge 44 on the front edge of the second upper door 36. A front-opening mechanism provided on the handle body of the front-opening handle 38 locks the front door 32 in the closed position as shown when the second upper door 36 is closed. When a user operates the device from the road 15 side, opening the front-opening handle 38 releases the front door 32 from the second upper door 36, causing the front door 32 to fall to the back side of the housing 31 under its own weight, opening the front door opening 33. Furthermore, opening the second upper door 36 from the front opens the second top door opening 37 of the fire hydrant storage box 30.

Here, the hinge 46 that pivots the first upper door 34 to the front corner of the housing 31, and the hinge 44 that pivots the front-opening handle 38 to the front edge of the second upper door 36, are positioned so that their axis lines are coaxial. The front-opening handle 38, which locks the housing 31 and front door 32 in the closed position, is the fixed side, and the hinges 44, 46 pivotally support the first upper door 34 together with the second upper door 36 so that they can be freely opened rearward.

A reporting device panel 48 is provided on the upper left front of the fire hydrant storage box 30. The reporting device panel 48 is equipped with a red indicator light 50, a transmitter 52, a response lamp 54, and a telephone jack 55. The red indicator light 50 is always lit, allowing the location of the fire hydrant equipment to be identified from a distance. In the event of a fire, when the transmitter 52 is pressed to turn on the push-button switch, a transmission signal is sent to a disaster prevention receiving panel installed in a monitoring room or monitoring center, etc., and a fire alarm is issued. In response, a response signal is sent from the disaster prevention receiving panel, which lights up the response lamp 54 and causes the red indicator light 50 to flash.

[Front opening mechanism]
Fig. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the front-opening handle portion of a fire hydrant storage box equipped with a front-opening mechanism, with Fig. 5(A) showing the front, and Fig. 5(B) showing the side view taken from X-X in Fig. 5(A). Fig. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the mechanical structure of the front-opening mechanism that opens the second upper door from the front and slides it open by dropping the front door, with Fig. 6(A) showing the closed state, and Fig. 6(B) showing the state when the front-opening handle is opened.

As shown in Figure 5, the front-opening handle 38 is supported by hinges 44 at the tip of the second upper door 36 located on the top surface of the hydrant storage box 30. On both sides of the handle body 38a, a shaft member 56 of the front-opening mechanism is attached. When the second upper door 36 is closed, the tip of the shaft member 56 is inserted into a shaft hole in a bearing member 58 located on the back side of the front door 32. This engages the front door 32 with the second upper door 36 and holds it in the closed position.

When the front-opening handle 38 is lifted, the shaft member 56 is pulled inward and comes out of the shaft hole in the bearing member 58, releasing the front door 32 from its lock. The front door 32 then slides down under its own weight, opening the front door opening 33.

As shown in Figure 6 (A), the front-opening mechanism 60 has one end of a pair of bent links 62 connected by a moving fulcrum 64 within the handle body 38a, the bent position of the link 62 being fixed to the handle body 38a as a rotation fulcrum 66, and the other end of the link 62 being connected to a fulcrum 68 at the shaft end of the shaft member 56 as a sliding fulcrum 70, and the moving fulcrum 64 is further biased upward as shown by a spring 72.

When the front-opening handle 38 is not being operated, the force of the spring 72 causes the link 62 to rotate outward, fitting the shaft member 56 into the shaft hole 58a of the bearing member 58 and locking the front door 32 to the second upper door 36.

When the front-opening handle 38 is lifted, as shown in Figure 6 (B), the moving fulcrum 64 moves downward against the spring 72 via a link mechanism (not shown). This causes the link 62 to rotate inward, pulling the shaft member 56 inward and disengaging the tip of the shaft member 56 from the shaft hole 58a of the bearing member 58. This releases the front door 32, causing it to slide down under its own weight and open the front door opening 33.

Note that the front-opening mechanism 60 is not limited to the link mechanism shown in Figure 6, but may include any suitable link mechanism that retracts the shaft member 56 inward by lifting up the front-opening handle 38, thereby removing it from the shaft hole 58a of the bearing member 58.

[Internal structure of a fire hydrant storage box]
7A and 7B are explanatory diagrams showing the internal structure of a fire hydrant storage box, with FIG. 7A showing the front and FIG. 7B showing a plan view taken along the YY cross section of FIG. 7A.

As shown in Figure 7, the lower interior of the housing 31 of the fire hydrant storage box 30 serves as a hose storage section 74, in which a shape-retaining hose 76 is wrapped around the inside in a horizontal overlapping manner.

When viewed from above, the housing 31 has a rectangular shape with a width of approximately 1.4 meters and a depth of approximately 0.35 meters. Therefore, when the hose 76 is wound inward into the hose storage section 74, the wound shape of the hose 76 becomes a rounded rectangle consisting of two parallel lines and two semicircles. The length of one turn of the hose 76 wound inward inside the rectangular housing 31 in plan is approximately 3.5 meters. Since a hose length of 30 meters or more is required, the hose 76 should be wound inward with at least nine overlapping turns.

Here, the hose 76, which is wound inward into a rounded rectangle inside the housing 31, is shown as parallel hose portions 76a and 76c and semicircular hose portions 76b and 76d.

A hose guide structure 80 is provided on the central front side of the housing 31 to deform inward the parallel hose portion 76a on the front side of the hose 76, which is wound inward into a rounded rectangle inside the housing 31.

The hose guide structure 80 has four metal guide pipes 80a, 80b, 80c, and 80d that stand upright on the bottom plate 81. The end guide pipes 80a and 80d stand upright along the inner surface of the housing 31, while the central guide pipes 80b and 80c stand upright a predetermined distance inward. By winding the hose 76 inward along the guide pipes 80a, 80b, 80c, and 80d of the hose guide structure 80, the parallel hose portion 76a on the front side of the hose 76 is deformed inward, taking on a roughly gourd-like shape. This deformation generates a repulsive force in the deformed parallel hose portion 76a of the hose 76, causing it to spread outward.

By providing this hose guide structure 80, the hose 76, which is overlapping and inwardly wound within the housing 31, generates a repulsive force that causes the rounded oval parallel hose portion 76a to deform inward by the hose guide structure 80, spreading outward and pressing it against the inner wall of the housing 31. This reliably prevents the parallel hose portions 76a, 76c of the overlapping and inwardly wound hose 76 from collapsing inward, even if they become long.

Here, the hose guide structure 80 deforms the parallel hose portion 76a on the front side of the hose 76 inward, while the parallel hose portion 76c on the rear side is not deformed inward. However, the inward deformation of the parallel hose portion 76a increases the force that causes the hose 76 as a whole to expand outward, and it is possible to reliably prevent the parallel hose portion 76c on the rear side, which is not deformed inward, from collapsing inward.

Furthermore, when the front door 32 and second upper door 36 or first upper door 34 are opened to pull the hose 76 outward, in addition to the force pushing out the hose due to deformation of the radial hose portions 76b and 76d of the hose 76, a force pushing out the hose 76 is also generated by the inward deformation of the parallel hose portion 76a of the hose 76 due to the hose guide structure 80, thereby reducing the force required to pull out the hose 76.

Guide pipes 82a to 82c and guide pipes 84a, 84b are arranged at the top of hose guide structure 80 so as to surround the inside of front door opening 33, first top door opening 35, and second top door opening 37 shown in Figures 1 and 2. When hose 76 is pulled out to the outside, it is brought into sliding contact with guide pipes 82a to 82c or guide pipes 84a, 84b, thereby preventing wear on hose 76 and reducing the force required to pull out the hose.

In addition, a foam nozzle 78 connected to the tip of the hose 76 is detachably attached to the back surface of the second upper door 36 by a nozzle holder 86. In this embodiment, the nozzle holder 86 attaches the foam nozzle 78 by suspending it from a pivoted support on the back surface of the second upper door 36. When the second upper door 36 is opened from the front as shown in second upper door 36a in Figure 4, or when the first upper door 34 is opened from the rear integrally with the second upper door 36 as shown in first upper door 34a in Figure 4, the nozzle holder 86 attaches the foam nozzle 78 to the back surface of the second upper door 36 in a suspended state.

Therefore, when the second upper door 36 is opened from the front or the first upper door 34 is opened from the rear together with the second upper door 36, the foam nozzle 78 suspended from the back of the door will appear at the top of the fire hydrant storage box 30.

When the second upper door 36 is opened, the foam nozzle 78 held on the back of the door appears at a position between approximately 0.9 and 1.3 meters from the road surface 15, which corresponds to the range from the waist to the shoulders of a user standing on the road surface 15.Since the foam nozzle 78 appears directly in front of the user, it can be easily removed.

In addition, when the first upper door 34 is opened from the rear, the foam nozzle 78 held on the back of the door appears at a position within a range of approximately 0.2 to 0.4 meters from the road surface of the guard passage 14. This means that the foam nozzle 78 appears directly in front of the user who is bending over the guard passage 14 and operating the rear-opening handle 40, allowing the user to easily remove the foam nozzle 78 from the guard passage 14 side.

In addition to the hanging type, the nozzle holder 86 may also be a split ring-shaped nozzle holder that is fixed to the back of the door and opens to the removal side, allowing the foam nozzle 78 to be detachably attached and detached.

In addition, an operation box is located inside the right side of the top opening of the housing 31, and a fire hydrant valve opening/closing lever is provided on the operation box, which opens and closes the manual pilot valve located inside the operation box (not shown). When the fire hydrant valve opening/closing lever is operated to open, the manual pilot valve is opened, allowing the fire hydrant valve located separately in the water discharge control mechanism storage section 26 shown in Figure 1 to be remotely opened.

In addition, one or more of the control box, manual pilot valve, and hydrant opening/closing lever may be placed in the free space secured by the hose guide structure 80. Also, the connecting member between the manual pilot valve and the hydrant opening/closing lever, or part of the piping from the manual pilot valve to the hydrant valve, may be placed in the free space.

By placing appropriate components in the available space as described above, it is possible to effectively utilize the space available in the fire hydrant storage box located in the limited space of the guard passage.

[Operation to open the second upper door and front door from the road side]
FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing the opening operation of the front door and the second upper door when operated from the road side.

As shown in Figure 8, when a user operates the fire hydrant storage box 30 from the road side, they lift up the front opening handle 38, which releases the front door 32, causing it to slide down under its own weight and open the front door opening 33.

Next, when the user performs the front-opening operation to open the second upper door 36 in the depth direction, as shown in Figures 6(A) and 6(B), the shaft members 56 arranged on both sides of the handle body 38a are pulled out from the bearing members 58 on the back surface of the front door 32, the second upper door 36 is opened forward around the hinge 42, and the second top door opening 37 is opened.

At this time, as shown in Figure 7 (A), the nozzle holder 86 located on the back side of the second upper door 36 is positioned directly in front of the user on the road, and the foam nozzle 78 engaged with the nozzle holder 86 appears directly in front of the user, allowing the user to easily remove the foam nozzle 78 and pull out the hose 76.

[Opening the upper door from the guard passage]
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing the opening operation of the first upper door when operated from the guard passage side.

As shown in Figure 9, when a user operates the fire hydrant storage box 30 from the guard passage, the user leans over from the guard passage and lifts up the rear-opening handle 40, which releases the rear edge of the first upper door 34 from its engagement with the housing 31. The first upper door 34 then swings back about the hinge 46 at the front corner, opening the first top door opening 35.

At this time, the second upper door 36 is also opened rearward around the hinge 44 together with the first upper door 34. The front-opening handle 38, which is supported by the hinge 44, does not move, and the tip of the shaft member 56 of the front-opening mechanism 60 (shown in Figure 6) attached to the front-opening handle 38 remains fitted in the shaft hole 58a of the bearing member 58 located on the back surface of the front door 32. This allows the second upper door 36 to be opened rearward together with the first upper door 34 while the front door 32 remains locked in the closed position.

When the first upper door 34 is opened from the rear to open the first top door opening 35, as shown in Figure 6 (A), the foam nozzle 78, which is attached to the nozzle holder 86 located on the back side of the second upper door 36, appears in front of the user bending over in the guard passage, allowing the user to easily remove the foam nozzle 78 and pull out the hose 76.

[Modifications of the present invention]
(Front opening mechanism)
The front-opening mechanism of the second upper door shown in the above embodiment is one example, and any appropriate mechanism is included as long as it has the function of locking the top of the front door to hold it in the closed position when the second upper door is in the closed position together with the first upper door, and when the front-opening handle is operated, unlocking the front door causes it to slide down and open the front door opening, and enabling the door opening formed in the first upper door to be opened by operating the front-opening of the second upper door.

(Foam fire hydrant equipment)
The above embodiment has been described with reference to a foam fire hydrant system that discharges fire-extinguishing foam, but the present invention is not limited to this and may be a fire hydrant system that discharges fire-extinguishing water.

(others)
Although the above embodiment does not mention sending a signal when the door is opened, a signal may be sent when the door is opened. When the door is opened, it is assumed that a fire has occurred, and if there is no fire, it is assumed that the fire hydrant door has been opened due to vandalism or the like, and a response is required in either case. The signal is preferably sent to a disaster prevention receiving panel that manages fire signals and fire hydrants, but the signal may be sent to any appropriate device. Different signals may be sent when the first top door and the second top door are opened.

The above embodiment uses a tunnel fire hydrant facility as an example, but is not limited to this. The fire hydrant storage box of the present invention can also be applied to surfaces of different heights where people can walk, such as two passage surfaces of different heights, or the top and bottom of a platform in a gymnasium or stage, and the wall surface adjacent to each surface.

The present invention also includes appropriate modifications that do not impair its objectives and advantages, and is not limited by the numerical values shown in the above embodiments.

10: Tunnel 12: Tunnel wall 14: Supervisor's passage 15: Road 16: Fire hydrant equipment 18: Deck 20: Management passage 22: Duct 24: Water supply main pipe 24a: Branch pipe 25: Water supply pipe 26: Water discharge control mechanism storage section 30: Fire hydrant storage box 31: Housing 32: Front door 33: Front door opening 34: First upper door 35: First upper door opening 36: Second upper door 37: Second upper door opening 38: Front opening handle 40: Rear opening handles 42, 44, 46: Hinge 48: Notification device panel 56: Shaft member 58: Bearing member 58a: Shaft hole 60: Front opening mechanism 74: Hose storage section 76: Hose 78: Foam nozzle 80: Hose guide structure 80a to 80d, 82a to 82c, 84a, 84b: Guide pipe 86: Nozzle holder

Claims (3)

a fire hydrant device that is installed by embedding in an internal space below the second passage surface of a stepped section having a second passage surface that is provided along the road side of the first passage surface and is one step higher than the first passage surface, and a step side wall surface that stands at a boundary between the first passage surface and the second passage surface, and when installed by embedding in the internal space below the second passage surface of the stepped section, a front surface is exposed from the step side wall surface and an upper surface is exposed from the second passage surface, and a hose is stored in a hose storage section inside the device ,
a front door that can open and close a front door opening that is opened in a part of the upper surface side of the front surface;
a hose guide located inside the device, located within an area surrounded by an edge of the front door opening when viewed from the front , and provided along the lower edge of the front door opening, for guiding the hose from below when pulling the hose out from the front door opening to the outside of the fire hydrant device;
Equipped with
A fire hydrant device characterized in that the hose storage section is provided inside the device so that its top is located below the hose guide.
The fire hydrant device according to claim 1,
The fire hydrant device is characterized in that the hose is stored in the hose storage section by being wound in layers from the bottom side to the top side of the fire hydrant device.
The fire hydrant device according to claim 1 or 2,
the step portion is a guard passage provided along the tunnel wall in the tunnel and having a road surface one step higher than the road surface,
the first passage surface is a road surface,
the second passage surface is a road surface of a guard passage,
A fire hydrant device characterized in that the device is embedded and installed in an internal space below the road surface of the monitor passage so that the front surface is exposed from the step side wall surface of the monitor passage and the top surface is exposed from the road surface of the monitor passage.