JP7746742B2 - Liquid supply device and liquid supply method, and method for manufacturing RTB-based sintered magnet - Google Patents
Liquid supply device and liquid supply method, and method for manufacturing RTB-based sintered magnetInfo
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Description
本開示は、液体供給装置及び液体供給方法、Ｒ－Ｔ－Ｂ系焼結磁石の製造方法に関する。 This disclosure relates to a liquid supply device, a liquid supply method, and a method for manufacturing an R-T-B based sintered magnet.
一般的に、金型を使用して成形する場合、金型かじりを抑制するために金型に離型剤を塗布してから成形することが知られている。例えば、特許文献１では、固定および可動の鋳造用両金型間に離型剤噴出機構を挿入し、両金型のキャビティ面に対して離型剤を供給している。 It is generally known that when molding using a mold, a release agent is applied to the mold before molding to prevent mold galling. For example, in Patent Document 1, a release agent spraying mechanism is inserted between the fixed and movable casting molds, and release agent is supplied to the cavity surfaces of both molds.
特許文献１は、金型に溶融金属を射出して鋳造するため、金型に供給される離型剤の供給量の誤差が成形体の単重ばらつきに大きな影響を与えることが少ない。しかし、例えばＲ－Ｔ－Ｂ系焼結磁石（Ｒは希土類元素のうち少なくとも一種であり、Ｎｄ及びＰｒの少なくとも一方を必ず含む。Ｔは遷移金属元素のうち少なくとも一種でありＦｅを必ず含む。）のように金型に合金粉末を供給して成形する場合、離型剤の供給量が多すぎると離型剤が合金粉末の供給の妨げになる場合があり、逆に離型剤の供給量が少なすぎると金型かじりが発生する場合がある。そのため、供給量の誤差が大きい場合、一度に複数個成形する際に成形体の単重ばらつきが大きくなる。 In Patent Document 1, because casting is performed by injecting molten metal into a mold, errors in the amount of release agent supplied to the mold rarely have a significant impact on the variation in unit weight of the compacted body. However, when molding by supplying alloy powder to a mold, such as an R-T-B based sintered magnet (R is at least one rare earth element and always includes at least one of Nd and Pr; T is at least one transition metal element and always includes Fe), supplying too much release agent can interfere with the supply of the alloy powder, while supplying too little can cause mold seizing. Therefore, if there is a large error in the supply amount, the variation in unit weight of the compacted body will increase when molding multiple pieces at once.
そこで本開示は、液体の供給量のばらつきを抑制することが可能な液体供給装置及び液体供給方法、Ｒ－Ｔ－Ｂ系焼結磁石の製造方法を提供することを目的とする。 The present disclosure therefore aims to provide a liquid supply device and liquid supply method that can suppress variations in the amount of liquid supplied, as well as a method for manufacturing R-T-B based sintered magnets.
上記の点に鑑みてなされた本開示の液体供給装置は、例示的な態様１において、複数の電磁弁にそれぞれ設けられている吐出部から、一度に複数個成形できる金型のキャビティそれぞれに離型剤を供給する液体供給装置であって、離型剤を保持し、離型剤を供給する液体保持部と、エアーを供給するためのエアー供給源と、エアー供給源と接続し、エアーの圧力が均一になるよう等分岐して設けられているエアー供給管と、を含むエアー供給部と、を有し、複数の電磁弁は、液体保持部とエアー供給部のエアー供給管とに接続し、液体保持部から供給される離型剤と、エアー供給管から供給されるエアーの切り替えを行う、液体供給装置である。
態様２において、電磁弁に供給されるエアーのブロー圧（ＭＰａ）をｘ、ブロー時間（ｓ）をｙとした時、（１）、（２）式を満たすようにエアーが供給される、態様１に記載の液体供給装置である。 ｘ＞０．１ （１） ｙ≧０．２９ｘ
－１
（２）
In view of the above, the liquid supply device of the present disclosure, in exemplary aspect 1, is a liquid supply device that supplies a release agent to each of the cavities of a mold that can mold a plurality of items at one time from discharge ports that are respectively provided in a plurality of electromagnetic valves. The liquid supply device has a liquid holding part that holds and supplies the release agent , an air supply source for supplying air, and an air supply part that is connected to the air supply source and has air supply pipes that are equally branched so that the air pressure is uniform. The plurality of electromagnetic valves are connected to the liquid holding part and the air supply pipe of the air supply part, and switch between the release agent supplied from the liquid holding part and the air supplied from the air supply pipe.
In Aspect 2, in the liquid supply device according to Aspect 1, when the blow pressure (MPa) of the air supplied to the solenoid valve is x and the blow time (s) is y, the air is supplied so as to satisfy the following expressions (1) and (2): x>0.1 (1) y≧0.29x −1 (2)
態様３において、吐出部は、供給管と、ノズルとを有し、供給管は樹脂材料から形成され、ノズルは金属材料から形成されている、態様１または２に記載の液体供給装置である。
In a third aspect, in the liquid supply device according to the first or second aspect, the discharge portion has a supply pipe and a nozzle, the supply pipe being made of a resin material, and the nozzle being made of a metal material.
態様４において、前記ノズルの端部に内テーパが形成されている、態様３に記載の液体供給装置である。
態様５において、前記供給管はフッ素樹脂である、態様３または４に記載の液体供給装置である。
Aspect 4 is the liquid supply device according to aspect 3 , wherein an inner taper is formed at the end of the nozzle.
In a fifth aspect, the liquid supply device according to the third or fourth aspect is characterized in that the supply pipe is made of a fluororesin.
態様６において、複数の電磁弁に接続する吐出部から液体を供給する液体供給装置であって、前記液体を保持し、前記複数の電磁弁に前記液体を供給する液体保持部と、エアーを供給するためのエアー供給源と、前記エアー供給源と前記複数の電磁弁とに接続し、前記エアー供給源から前記複数の電磁弁に供給される前記エアーの圧力が均一になるよう等分岐して設けられているエアー供給管と、を含むエアー供給部と、を有し、前記複数の電磁弁は、前記液体保持部と前記エアー供給部とに接続し、前記吐出部に供給する前記液体と前記エアーの切り替えを行い、前記吐出部は前記複数の電磁弁にそれぞれ設けられている、液体供給装置を用いた液体供給方法であって、液体保持部から複数の電磁弁に液体を供給する液体供給工程と、液体供給工程の後、複数の電磁弁の切り替えによって、エアー供給部から複数の電磁弁にエアーを供給し、液体を複数の電磁弁から吐出部へと押し出し、吐出部から液体を吐出させるエアー供給工程と、を含み、エアー供給工程では、ブロー圧（ＭＰａ）をｘ、ブロー時間（ｓ）をｙとした時、（１）、（２）式を満たすようにエアーを供給する液体供給方法である。
ｘ＞０．１ （１）
ｙ≧０．２９ｘ－１ （２）
In Aspect 6 , a liquid supply device supplies liquid from a discharge portion connected to a plurality of solenoid valves, the liquid supply device comprising: a liquid holding portion that holds the liquid and supplies the liquid to the plurality of solenoid valves; an air supply portion including an air supply source for supplying air; and an air supply pipe that is connected to the air supply source and the plurality of solenoid valves and is provided so as to be equally branched so that the pressure of the air supplied from the air supply source to the plurality of solenoid valves is uniform; and the plurality of solenoid valves are connected to the liquid holding portion and the air supply portion, and are configured to switch between the liquid and the air supplied to the discharge portions. a liquid supply device using a liquid supply unit , in which the liquid holding unit is switched to the plurality of solenoid valves, and the discharge unit is provided for each of the plurality of solenoid valves, and the liquid supply method includes a liquid supply step of supplying liquid from the liquid holding unit to the plurality of solenoid valves, and an air supply step of supplying air from the air supply unit to the plurality of solenoid valves by switching the plurality of solenoid valves after the liquid supply step, pushing the liquid from the plurality of solenoid valves to the discharge unit, and discharging the liquid from the discharge unit, and in the air supply step, supplying air so as to satisfy equations (1) and (2) where x is the blow pressure (MPa) and y is the blow time (s).
x>0.1 (1)
y≧0.29x -1 (2)
態様７において、複数の電磁弁に接続する吐出部から液体を供給する液体供給装置であって、前記液体を保持し、前記複数の電磁弁に前記液体を供給する液体保持部と、エアーを供給するためのエアー供給源と、前記エアー供給源と前記複数の電磁弁とに接続し、前記エアー供給源から前記複数の電磁弁に供給される前記エアーの圧力が均一になるよう等分岐して設けられているエアー供給管と、を含むエアー供給部と、を有し、前記複数の電磁弁は、前記液体保持部と前記エアー供給部とに接続し、前記吐出部に供給する前記液体と前記エアーの切り替えを行い、前記吐出部は前記複数の電磁弁にそれぞれ設けられている、液体供給装置を用いたＲ－Ｔ－Ｂ系焼結磁石（Ｒは希土類元素のうち少なくとも一種であり、Ｎｄ及びＰｒの少なくとも一方を必ず含む。Ｔは遷移金属元素のうち少なくとも一種でありＦｅを必ず含む。）の製造方法であって、Ｒ－Ｔ－Ｂ系合金粉末を準備する合金粉末準備工程と、離型剤を金型に供給した後、Ｒ－Ｔ－Ｂ系合金粉末を金型に供給し、成形して成形体を得る成形工程と、成形体を加熱して焼結体を得る焼結工程と、を含み、離型剤は、液体供給装置の液体保持部から複数の電磁弁に離型剤を供給する離型剤供給工程と、離型剤供給工程の後、複数の電磁弁の切り替えによって、エアー供給部から複数の電磁弁にエアーを供給し、離型剤を複数の電磁弁から吐出部へと押し出し、吐出部から離型剤を吐出させるエアー供給工程と、により前記金型に供給され、エアー供給工程では、ブロー圧（ＭＰａ）をｘ、ブロー時間（ｓ）をｙとした時、（１）、（２）式を満たすようにエアーを供給するＲ－Ｔ－Ｂ系焼結磁石の製造方法である。
ｘ＞０．１ （１）
ｙ≧０．２９ｘ－１ （２）
In Aspect 7 , a liquid supply device for supplying liquid from discharge portions connected to a plurality of solenoid valves includes: a liquid holding portion for holding the liquid and supplying the liquid to the plurality of solenoid valves; an air supply portion including an air supply source for supplying air; and an air supply pipe connected to the air supply source and the plurality of solenoid valves, the air supply pipe being equally branched so that the pressure of the air supplied from the air supply source to the plurality of solenoid valves is uniform; the plurality of solenoid valves are connected to the liquid holding portion and the air supply portion, and switch between the liquid and the air supplied to the discharge portions, and the discharge portions are respectively provided for the plurality of solenoid valves. The method for producing an R-T-B based sintered magnet includes the steps of: an alloy powder preparation step of preparing an R-T-B based alloy powder; a molding step of supplying a release agent to a die, and then supplying the R-T-B based alloy powder to the die and molding it to obtain a green body; and a sintering step of heating the green body to obtain a sintered body. The release agent is supplied to the die through a release agent supply step of supplying the release agent from a liquid holding unit of a liquid supply device to a plurality of electromagnetic valves; and an air supply step of, after the release agent supply step, supplying air from an air supply unit to the plurality of electromagnetic valves by switching the plurality of electromagnetic valves, thereby forcing the release agent from the plurality of electromagnetic valves to a discharge unit and discharging the release agent from the discharge unit. In the air supply step, air is supplied so as to satisfy the following formulas (1) and (2), where x is the blow pressure (MPa) and y is the blow time (s).
x>0.1 (1)
y≧0.29x -1 (2)
態様８において、Ｒ－Ｔ－Ｂ系合金粉末を金型に供給する際、吐出部を金型から離間した位置に移動させ、吐出部からエアーを供給し吐出部内に残った離型剤を押し出す、態様７に記載のＲ－Ｔ－Ｂ系焼結磁石の製造方法である。
Aspect 8 is a method for producing a sintered R-T-B based magnet according to Aspect 7 , wherein, when the R-T-B based alloy powder is supplied to the die , the discharge part is moved to a position away from the die, and air is supplied from the discharge part to push out any release agent remaining in the discharge part.
本開示の液体供給装置及び液体供給方法、Ｒ－Ｔ－Ｂ系焼結磁石の製造方法によれば、液体の供給量のばらつきを抑制することが可能になる。 The liquid supply device, liquid supply method, and R-T-B based sintered magnet manufacturing method disclosed herein make it possible to suppress variations in the amount of liquid supplied.
以下に、例示的な実施形態である液体供給装置１について、図１、２を参照して説明する。 An exemplary embodiment of the liquid supply device 1 will be described below with reference to Figures 1 and 2.
図１は液体供給装置１の概略図を示す。図１に示すように、液体Ｌを対象物（例えば金型など）に供給する液体供給装置１は、液体保持部２と、エアー供給部３と、複数の電磁弁４（図１では一つを例示）と、複数の電磁弁４にそれぞれ設けられる吐出部５とを有している。 Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a liquid supply device 1. As shown in Figure 1, the liquid supply device 1, which supplies liquid L to an object (such as a mold), has a liquid holding unit 2, an air supply unit 3, multiple solenoid valves 4 (one is shown in Figure 1), and a discharge unit 5 provided for each of the multiple solenoid valves 4.
液体保持部２は、液体Ｌを保持し、複数の電磁弁４にそれぞれ接続して液体Ｌが供給できるよう設けられている。液体保持部２の材質は、どの様な材質であってもよく、使用する液体Ｌに合わせて適宜選択することが出来る。例えば、液体Ｌが離型剤であれば樹脂材料を適用する事ができる。また、複数の電磁弁４へ供給する液体Ｌの供給量をより正確にコントロールするため、液体保持部２と複数の電磁弁４との間にシリンジを設けてもよい。この場合、液体保持部２からシリンジへ液体Ｌを供給した後、シリンジから複数の電磁弁４へと液体Ｌを供給する。なお、複数の電磁弁４へ供給する液体Ｌの供給量をコントロールすることが可能であればシリンジに限ることはない。 The liquid holding portion 2 holds liquid L and is connected to each of the multiple solenoid valves 4 so that liquid L can be supplied. The material of the liquid holding portion 2 may be any material and can be selected appropriately depending on the liquid L being used. For example, if the liquid L is a mold release agent, a resin material can be used. Furthermore, to more accurately control the amount of liquid L supplied to the multiple solenoid valves 4, syringes may be provided between the liquid holding portion 2 and the multiple solenoid valves 4. In this case, liquid L is supplied from the liquid holding portion 2 to the syringe, and then liquid L is supplied from the syringe to the multiple solenoid valves 4. However, syringes are not the only option as long as it is possible to control the amount of liquid L supplied to the multiple solenoid valves 4.
エアー供給部３は、液体保持部２から供給された液体Ｌを押し出すためのエアーを供給するためのものであり、エアー供給源３ａと、エアー供給源３ａと複数の電磁弁４とを接続するエアー供給管３ｂとを有している。 The air supply unit 3 supplies air to push out the liquid L supplied from the liquid holding unit 2, and includes an air supply source 3a and an air supply pipe 3b that connects the air supply source 3a to multiple solenoid valves 4.
エアー供給源３ａは、エアーを供給するための供給源である。供給するエアーはどの様なエアーであってもよく、不活性ガスや大気中のガスなど適宜選択する事が出来る。不活性ガスとしては、例えばＮ２ガスやＡｒガスなどがあげられるがこれに限られない。 The air supply source 3a is a source for supplying air. The air to be supplied may be any type of air, and may be appropriately selected from inert gases, atmospheric gases, etc. Examples of inert gases include, but are not limited to, N2 gas and Ar gas.
エアー供給管３ｂは、エアー供給源３ａから複数の電磁弁４に向かって供給管が等分岐するように形成されている。供給管が等分岐することにより、エアー供給源３ａから複数の電磁弁４までの供給距離と圧力損失を均一にすることができるため、複数の電磁弁４に供給するエアーの圧力を均一にすることが可能となる。また、エアーの圧力を均一にすることで、液体保持部２から供給された液体Ｌを押し出すための圧力が均一になるため、液体Ｌの供給量のばらつきを抑制することが可能となる。 The air supply pipe 3b is formed so that the supply pipe branches evenly from the air supply source 3a to the multiple solenoid valves 4. By branching the supply pipe evenly, the supply distance and pressure loss from the air supply source 3a to the multiple solenoid valves 4 can be made uniform, making it possible to uniform the pressure of the air supplied to the multiple solenoid valves 4. Furthermore, by making the air pressure uniform, the pressure for pushing out the liquid L supplied from the liquid holding portion 2 becomes uniform, making it possible to suppress variations in the amount of liquid L supplied.
複数の電磁弁４は、液体保持部２と、エアー供給部３と、吐出部５とに接続し、吐出部５に供給する液体Ｌとエアーの切り替えを行うものである。切り替えのタイミングは図示しない制御部により制御されている。 Multiple solenoid valves 4 are connected to the liquid holding section 2, air supply section 3, and discharge section 5, and switch between the liquid L and air supplied to the discharge section 5. The timing of the switching is controlled by a control section (not shown).
吐出部５は、複数の電磁弁４にそれぞれ設けられており、供給管５ａと、ノズル５ｂとを有している。供給管５ａは、複数の電磁弁４からノズル５ｂに液体Ｌを供給するためのものであり、例えば複数の電磁弁４からノズル５ｂの位置に距離がある場合に用いるとよい。なお、実施形態では供給管５ａとノズル５ｂとを有しているがこれに限られず、ノズル５ｂだけであっても良い。供給管５ａの材質は、例えばウレタン等の樹脂材料から形成されている。より好ましくは、供給管５ａ内がフッ素樹脂等の液体Ｌとの摩擦が小さい材質を用いるとよい。これにより、供給管５ａ内に液体Ｌを滞留させ難くし、液体Ｌの供給量のばらつきを抑制することが可能となる。 The discharge unit 5 is provided for each of the multiple solenoid valves 4 and includes a supply pipe 5a and a nozzle 5b. The supply pipe 5a is used to supply liquid L from the multiple solenoid valves 4 to the nozzle 5b, and is preferably used when, for example, there is a distance between the multiple solenoid valves 4 and the nozzle 5b. While the embodiment includes both the supply pipe 5a and the nozzle 5b, this is not limited to this and only the nozzle 5b may be provided. The supply pipe 5a is made of a resin material such as urethane. More preferably, the interior of the supply pipe 5a should be made of a material with low friction with the liquid L, such as fluororesin. This makes it difficult for the liquid L to stagnate within the supply pipe 5a, making it possible to reduce variation in the amount of liquid L supplied.
ノズル５ｂは、供給管５ａと接続し、供給する液体Ｌを吐出するためのものである。ノズル５ｂの材質は、金属材料、樹脂材料のいずれでも良いが、例えばＡｌ等の金属材料の方が繰り返し使用しても変形し難く、液体Ｌの流路径が均一な状態を維持しやすくなる。そして、液体Ｌの供給量のばらつきを抑制することが可能となる。 Nozzle 5b is connected to supply pipe 5a and is used to eject the supplied liquid L. The nozzle 5b may be made of either a metal or resin material, but a metal material such as Al is less likely to deform even with repeated use, making it easier to maintain a uniform flow path diameter for liquid L. This also makes it possible to suppress variations in the amount of liquid L supplied.
例えば、ノズル５ｂは内部に中空部を有する円筒形状をなしており、ノズル５ｂの端部（液体吐出端）の形状は、図２（ａ）～（ｃ）に示す形状であってよい。図２（ａ）～（ｃ）はノズル５ｂの端部の拡大断面図を示す。図２（ａ）はノズル５ｂの端部が平面部５ｂ１のみから形成される場合を示す。図２（ｂ）はノズル５ｂの端部が平面部５ｂ２と内テーパ５ｂ３とから形成される場合を示す。このとき、平面部５ｂ２はノズルの外周側に位置しており、内テーパ５ｂ３は内側に設けられている。また、内テーパ５ｂ３は平面部５ｂ２よりも凹み、円錐台の空間を形成するように設けられている。図２（ｃ）はノズル５ｂの端部が内テーパ５ｂ４のみから形成される（平面部が実質的に形成されていない）場合を示す。図２（ｃ）においては図２（ｂ）よりも内テーパ５ｂ４が深く凹んで円錐台の空間を形成する様に設けられている。なお、前記平面部は厳密な平面でなくてもよく、多少の凹凸や傾斜が形成されていても差し支えない。つまり、略平面であってよい。 For example, nozzle 5b may have a cylindrical shape with a hollow interior, and the shape of the end (liquid discharge end) of nozzle 5b may be as shown in Figures 2(a) to 2(c). Figures 2(a) to 2(c) show enlarged cross-sectional views of the end of nozzle 5b. Figure 2(a) shows a case where the end of nozzle 5b is formed only from a flat portion 5b1. Figure 2(b) shows a case where the end of nozzle 5b is formed from a flat portion 5b2 and an inner taper 5b3. In this case, flat portion 5b2 is located on the outer periphery of the nozzle, and inner taper 5b3 is located on the inside. Furthermore, inner taper 5b3 is recessed below flat portion 5b2, forming a truncated conical space. Figure 2(c) shows a case where the end of nozzle 5b is formed only from inner taper 5b4 (where a flat portion is not substantially formed). In Figure 2(c), inner taper 5b4 is recessed more deeply than in Figure 2(b), forming a truncated conical space. Note that the flat surface does not have to be strictly flat; it is acceptable for it to have some irregularities or slopes. In other words, it may be approximately flat.
なお、ノズル５ｂの端部の形状は、液体Ｌを吐出した際の液体Ｌの広がり（噴霧径）が小さい方が液体Ｌの供給量のばらつきを抑制できるので好ましい。図３は滴下量１ｍｌ、エアー圧力０．２ＭＰａで吐出した時の、ノズルの端部の形状と噴霧径（φ）の測定結果を示すグラフである。（ａ）は、図２（ａ）のノズルを用いた場合であり、（ｂ）は図２（ｂ）のノズルを用いた場合であり、（ｃ）は図２（ｃ）のノズルを用いた場合を示す。図３から分かるように、（ａ）、（ｂ）、（ｃ）の順に噴霧径が小さくなっている。つまり、内テーパ５ｂ３、５ｂ４を設けた方が噴霧径が小さくなっている。このことから、ノズル５ｂの端部に内テーパを設ける方がより好ましいといえる。 The shape of the end of nozzle 5b is preferably such that the spread (spray diameter) of liquid L when ejected is small, as this reduces variation in the amount of liquid L supplied. Figure 3 is a graph showing the measurement results of the nozzle end shape and spray diameter (φ) when ejecting a droplet volume of 1 ml at an air pressure of 0.2 MPa. (a) shows the result when the nozzle of Figure 2(a) is used, (b) shows the result when the nozzle of Figure 2(b) is used, and (c) shows the result when the nozzle of Figure 2(c) is used. As can be seen from Figure 3, the spray diameter decreases in the order of (a), (b), and (c). In other words, the spray diameter is smaller when inner tapers 5b3 and 5b4 are provided. For this reason, it can be said that providing an inner taper at the end of nozzle 5b is more preferable.
次に、液体供給装置１を用いた液体供給方法について説明する。まず、液体保持部２から複数の電磁弁４に液体Ｌを供給する（液体供給工程）。その後、複数の電磁弁４は、液体Ｌが供給出来る状態からエアーが供給出来る状態へと切り替え、エアー供給部３から複数の電磁弁４にエアーを供給する。エアーを供給すると、エアーの圧力（ブロー圧）によって複数の電磁弁４から吐出部５へと液体Ｌを押し出し、吐出部５から液体を吐出させる（エアー供給工程）。 Next, we will explain the liquid supply method using the liquid supply device 1. First, liquid L is supplied from the liquid holding unit 2 to the multiple solenoid valves 4 (liquid supply process). Then, the multiple solenoid valves 4 switch from a state in which liquid L can be supplied to a state in which air can be supplied, and air is supplied from the air supply unit 3 to the multiple solenoid valves 4. When air is supplied, the air pressure (blow pressure) pushes the liquid L from the multiple solenoid valves 4 to the discharge unit 5, causing the liquid to be discharged from the discharge unit 5 (air supply process).
また、エアー供給工程では、ブロー圧（ＭＰａ）をｘ、ブロー時間（ｓ）をｙとした時、（１）、（２）式を満たすようにエアーを供給するとよい。
ｘ＞０．１ （１）
ｙ≧０．２９ｘ－１ （２）
In the air supplying step, it is preferable to supply air so as to satisfy the formulas (1) and (2), where x is the blowing pressure (MPa) and y is the blowing time (s).
x>0.1 (1)
y≧0.29x -1 (2)
ブロー圧（ＭＰａ）は、（１）式に示すように、０．１ＭＰａより高い圧力であることが望ましい。０．１ＭＰａ以下の場合、ブロー時間（ｓ）を長くしても吐出部５内の液体Ｌを押し出す力が不十分になるため、吐出部５から吐出する液体Ｌの供給量が安定しないからである。より好ましいブロー圧（ＭＰａ）は、０．１ＭＰａ超、１ＭＰａ以下であり、更に好ましい範囲は、０．１ＭＰａ超、０．７ＭＰａ以下である。 As shown in equation (1), the blow pressure (MPa) is desirably higher than 0.1 MPa. If the blow pressure is 0.1 MPa or lower, even if the blow time (s) is extended, the force pushing out the liquid L from the discharge port 5 will be insufficient, and the supply amount of liquid L discharged from the discharge port 5 will not be stable. A more preferable blow pressure (MPa) is greater than 0.1 MPa and less than 1 MPa, and an even more preferable range is greater than 0.1 MPa and less than 0.7 MPa.
ブロー時間（ｓ）は、エアーの供給時間であり、０．１ＭＰａよりも高い圧力で（２）式を満たすブロー時間（ｓ）であることが望ましい。ブロー圧（ＭＰａ）が高くてもブロー時間（ｓ）が（２）式を満たさない場合、吐出部５内の液体Ｌの押し出し時間が不十分になるため、吐出部５から吐出する液体Ｌの供給量が安定しないからである。 The blow time (s) is the time for which air is supplied, and it is desirable that the blow time (s) satisfies equation (2) at a pressure higher than 0.1 MPa. If the blow time (s) does not satisfy equation (2) even when the blow pressure (MPa) is high, the time for pushing out the liquid L from the discharge port 5 will be insufficient, and the supply amount of liquid L discharged from the discharge port 5 will not be stable.
また、（１）、（２）式を満たすことで、複数回吐出した液体Ｌの最大吐出量から最小吐出量を差し引いた吐出量差が、０．０２ｇ未満とすることが出来る。（１）、（２）式を満たさない場合、０．０２ｇ以上となり、ばらつきが大きく、液体Ｌを安定して供給する事が難しくなる。なお、本実施形態では１０回吐出した場合の吐出量差が０．０２ｇ未満であるであるが、複数回数であればこれに限られることはない。 Furthermore, by satisfying formulas (1) and (2), the difference in the discharge amount obtained by subtracting the minimum discharge amount from the maximum discharge amount of liquid L discharged multiple times can be kept to less than 0.02 g. If formulas (1) and (2) are not satisfied, the difference will be 0.02 g or more, resulting in large variations and making it difficult to supply liquid L stably. Note that in this embodiment, the difference in the discharge amount when discharged 10 times is less than 0.02 g, but this is not limited to multiple times.
次に、液体供給装置１を用いたＲ－Ｔ－Ｂ系焼結磁石（Ｒは希土類元素のうち少なくとも一種であり、Ｎｄ及びＰｒの少なくとも一方を必ず含む。Ｔは遷移金属元素のうち少なくとも一種でありＦｅを必ず含む。）の製造方法について説明する。まず、Ｒ－Ｔ－Ｂ系合金粉末を準備する（合金粉末準備工程）。 Next, we will explain the method for manufacturing an R-T-B based sintered magnet (R is at least one rare earth element and must contain at least one of Nd and Pr; T is at least one transition metal element and must contain Fe) using the liquid supply device 1. First, R-T-B based alloy powder is prepared (alloy powder preparation process).
次に、液体Ｌとして離型剤が入った液体供給装置１の液体保持部２から、複数の電磁弁４に離型剤を供給する（離型剤供給工程）。離型剤が所定量供給されると、複数の電磁弁４によって供給が切り替わり、エアー供給部３から複数の電磁弁４にエアーを供給し、
離型剤を複数の電磁弁４から吐出部５へと押し出し、吐出部５から離型剤を吐出させる（エアー供給工程）。
Next, the release agent is supplied to the plurality of solenoid valves 4 from the liquid holding portion 2 of the liquid supply device 1, which contains the release agent as the liquid L (release agent supply step). When a predetermined amount of release agent is supplied, the supply is switched by the plurality of solenoid valves 4, and air is supplied from the air supply portion 3 to the plurality of solenoid valves 4.
The release agent is forced out from the electromagnetic valves 4 to the discharge portion 5, and is discharged from the discharge portion 5 (air supply step).
また、エアー供給工程では、ブロー圧（ＭＰａ）をｘ、ブロー時間（ｓ）をｙとした時、（１）、（２）式を満たすようにエアーを供給するとよい。
ｘ＞０．１ （１）
ｙ≧０．２９ｘ－１ （２）
In the air supplying step, it is preferable to supply air so as to satisfy the formulas (1) and (2), where x is the blowing pressure (MPa) and y is the blowing time (s).
x>0.1 (1)
y≧0.29x -1 (2)
ブロー圧（ＭＰａ）は、（１）式に示すように、０．１ＭＰａより高い圧力であることが望ましい。０．１ＭＰａ以下の場合、ブロー時間（ｓ）を長くしても吐出部５内の離型剤を押し出す力が不十分になるため、吐出部５から吐出する離型剤の供給量が安定しないからである。より好ましいブロー圧（ＭＰａ）は、０．１ＭＰａ超、１ＭＰａ以下であり、更に好ましい範囲は、０．１ＭＰａ超、０．７ＭＰａ以下である。 As shown in formula (1), the blow pressure (MPa) is desirably higher than 0.1 MPa. If the blow pressure is 0.1 MPa or lower, even if the blow time (s) is extended, the force pushing out the release agent from the discharge port 5 will be insufficient, and the amount of release agent discharged from the discharge port 5 will not be stable. A more preferable blow pressure (MPa) is greater than 0.1 MPa and less than 1 MPa, and an even more preferable range is greater than 0.1 MPa and less than 0.7 MPa.
ブロー時間（ｓ）は、０．１ＭＰａよりも高い圧力で（２）式を満たすブロー時間（ｓ）であることが望ましい。ブロー圧（ＭＰａ）が高くてもブロー時間（ｓ）が（２）式を満たさない場合、吐出部５内の離型剤の押し出し時間が不十分になるため、吐出部５から吐出する離型剤の供給量が安定しないからである。 The blow time (s) is preferably a blow time (s) that satisfies formula (2) at a pressure higher than 0.1 MPa. If the blow time (s) does not satisfy formula (2) even when the blow pressure (MPa) is high, the time for pushing out the release agent from the discharge part 5 will be insufficient, and the supply amount of release agent discharged from the discharge part 5 will not be stable.
また、（１）、（２）式を満たすことで、複数回吐出した離型剤の最大吐出量から最小吐出量を差し引いた吐出量差が、０．０２ｇ未満とすることが出来る。（１）、（２）式を満たさない場合、０．０２ｇ以上となり、ばらつきが大きく、離型剤を安定して供給する事が難しくなる。なお、本実施形態では１０回吐出した場合の吐出量差が０．０２ｇ未満であるであるが、複数回数であればこれに限られることはない。 Furthermore, by satisfying formulas (1) and (2), the difference in the amount of release agent dispensed, obtained by subtracting the minimum amount dispensed from the maximum amount dispensed, can be kept to less than 0.02 g. If formulas (1) and (2) are not satisfied, the amount will be 0.02 g or more, resulting in large variations and making it difficult to stably supply the release agent. Note that in this embodiment, the difference in the amount of release agent dispensed when dispensed 10 times is less than 0.02 g, but this is not limited to this as long as the number of times is multiple.
エアー供給工程により離型剤を金型に供給した後、Ｒ－Ｔ－Ｂ系合金粉末を金型に供給し、成形して成形体を得る（成形工程）。なお、Ｒ－Ｔ－Ｂ系合金粉末を金型に供給する際、吐出部５を金型から離間した位置に移動させ、吐出部５からエアーを供給し続けてもよい。このようにエアーを供給し続けることで、吐出部５内に残った離型剤を押し出すことができ、再度金型に離型剤を供給する際に供給量のばらつきを抑制することが可能になる。 After the release agent is supplied to the mold in the air supply process, the R-T-B based alloy powder is supplied to the mold and molded to obtain a compact (molding process). When the R-T-B based alloy powder is supplied to the mold, the discharge unit 5 may be moved to a position away from the mold, and air may be continuously supplied from the discharge unit 5. By continuously supplying air in this manner, any release agent remaining in the discharge unit 5 can be pushed out, making it possible to suppress variations in the amount of release agent supplied when it is again supplied to the mold.
そして、成形工程で得られた成形体を、加熱し、焼結する（焼結工程）ことでＲ－Ｔ－Ｂ系焼結磁石が得られる。 The compact obtained in the molding process is then heated and sintered (sintering process) to obtain an R-T-B based sintered magnet.
本開示を実施例により更に詳細に説明するが、それらに限定されるものではない。 The present disclosure will be explained in more detail using examples, but is not limited thereto.
実施例１～４、比較例１、２
液体供給装置の液体保持部に離型剤を準備し、複数の電磁弁に離型剤を供給した。その後、複数の電磁弁を切り替え、エアーの圧力が均一になるよう等分岐しているエアー供給管を介し、エアー供給源から複数の電磁弁にＮ２ガスを供給した。この時のブロー時間（ｓ）とブロー圧力（ＭＰａ）はそれぞれ表１に示す条件で行った。そして、Ｎ２により押し出された離型剤は、樹脂製で、長さが２．５ｍ、高低差が０．４ｍとなるように設けた吐出部の供給管を通り、口径がφ０．６ｍｍでＡｌ製のノズルから吐出させ、離型剤の供給量を測定した。
Examples 1 to 4, Comparative Examples 1 and 2
A release agent was prepared in the liquid holding section of the liquid supply device, and the release agent was supplied to multiple solenoid valves. Then, the multiple solenoid valves were switched, and N2 gas was supplied from the air supply source to the multiple solenoid valves via an air supply pipe that was equally branched so that the air pressure was uniform. The blow time (s) and blow pressure (MPa) were set under the conditions shown in Table 1. The release agent pushed out by the N2 passed through a supply pipe at a discharge section made of resin, which was 2.5 m long and had a height difference of 0.4 m, and was discharged from an aluminum nozzle with a diameter of 0.6 mm, and the amount of release agent supplied was measured.
この作業を１０回行い、離型剤の最大吐出量から最小吐出量を差し引いた吐出量差Ｒ（ｇ）をそれぞれ求めた。 This procedure was repeated 10 times, and the difference in discharge amount R (g) was calculated by subtracting the minimum amount of release agent discharged from the maximum amount.
比較例１の結果から、ブロー圧力（ＭＰａ）が０．１ＭＰａ以下の場合、ブロー時間（ｓ）を長くしても、吐出量差Ｒ（ｇ）が０．０２以上となり、供給量が不安定になることが分かった。 The results of Comparative Example 1 show that when the blow pressure (MPa) is 0.1 MPa or less, even if the blow time (s) is increased, the discharge volume difference R (g) is 0.02 or more, making the supply volume unstable.
また、比較例２、実施例２、３の結果から、ブロー圧力（ＭＰａ）が同じであっても、ブロー時間（ｓ）が短すぎる場合は、吐出量差Ｒ（ｇ）が０．０２以上となり、供給量が不安定になることが分かった。 Furthermore, the results of Comparative Example 2 and Examples 2 and 3 show that even if the blow pressure (MPa) is the same, if the blow time (s) is too short, the discharge volume difference R (g) will be 0.02 or more, and the supply volume will become unstable.
更に、図４に示すように、実施例１～４、比較例１、２の結果から、安定して供給できる吐出量差Ｒ（ｇ）が０．０２未満となる時の、ブロー圧力（ＭＰａ）とブロー時間（ｓ）との間に相関関係があることが分かった。すなわち、ブロー圧（ＭＰａ）をｘ、ブロー時間（ｓ）をｙとした時、（１）、（２）式を満たすように離型剤を供給することで、吐出量差がＲ（ｇ）が０．０２未満となり、安定して供給できることが分かった。
ｘ＞０．１ （１）
ｙ≧０．２９ｘ－１ （２）
4, it was found that there is a correlation between the blow pressure (MPa) and the blow time (s) when the difference in discharge amount R (g) that can be stably supplied is less than 0.02, from the results of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2. In other words, when the blow pressure (MPa) is x and the blow time (s) is y, it was found that by supplying the release agent so as to satisfy the formulas (1) and (2), the difference in discharge amount R (g) becomes less than 0.02, and the release agent can be stably supplied.
x>0.1 (1)
y≧0.29x -1 (2)
本開示は、液体の供給量のばらつきを抑制することが可能な液体供給装置及び液体供給方法、Ｒ－Ｔ－Ｂ系焼結磁石の製造方法を提供できる点において、産業上の利用可能性を有する。 This disclosure has industrial applicability in that it provides a liquid supply device and liquid supply method that can suppress variations in the amount of liquid supplied, as well as a method for manufacturing R-T-B based sintered magnets.
１…液体供給装置
２…液体保持部
３…エアー供給部
３ａ…エアー供給源
３ｂ…エアー供給管
４…複数の電磁弁
５…吐出部
５ａ…供給管
５ｂ…ノズル
５ｂ１、５ｂ２…平面部
５ｂ３、５ｂ４…内テーパ
Ｌ…液体
REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1...liquid supply device 2...liquid holding portion 3...air supply portion 3a...air supply source 3b...air supply pipe 4...plurality of electromagnetic valves 5...discharge portion 5a...supply pipe 5b...nozzles 5b1, 5b2...flat portions 5b3, 5b4...inner taper L...liquid
Claims (8)
前記離型剤を保持し、前記離型剤を供給する液体保持部と、
エアーを供給するためのエアー供給源と、前記エアー供給源と接続し、前記エアーの圧力が均一になるよう等分岐して設けられているエアー供給管と、を含むエアー供給部と、を有し、
前記複数の電磁弁は、前記液体保持部と前記エアー供給部の前記エアー供給管とに接続し、前記液体保持部から供給される前記離型剤と、前記エアー供給管から供給される前記エアーの切り替えを行う、液体供給装置。 A liquid supplying device that supplies a mold release agent from a discharge port provided in each of a plurality of solenoid valves to each of the cavities of a mold that can mold a plurality of products at a time,
a liquid holding portion that holds the release agent and supplies the release agent;
an air supply unit including an air supply source for supplying air, and an air supply pipe connected to the air supply source and branched equally so that the pressure of the air is uniform;
The plurality of solenoid valves are connected to the liquid holding unit and the air supply pipe of the air supply unit, and switch between the release agent supplied from the liquid holding unit and the air supplied from the air supply pipe.
前記供給管は樹脂材料から形成され、
前記ノズルは金属材料から形成されている、請求項１または２に記載の液体供給装置。 the discharge portion has a supply pipe and a nozzle,
the supply pipe is made of a resin material;
3. The liquid supply device according to claim 1, wherein the nozzle is made of a metal material.
前記液体を保持し、前記複数の電磁弁に前記液体を供給する液体保持部と、
エアーを供給するためのエアー供給源と、前記エアー供給源と前記複数の電磁弁とに接続し、前記エアー供給源から前記複数の電磁弁に供給される前記エアーの圧力が均一になるよう等分岐して設けられているエアー供給管と、を含むエアー供給部と、を有し、
前記複数の電磁弁は、前記液体保持部と前記エアー供給部とに接続し、前記吐出部に供給する前記液体と前記エアーの切り替えを行い、
前記吐出部は前記複数の電磁弁にそれぞれ設けられている、液体供給装置を用いた液体供給方法であって、
前記液体保持部から前記複数の電磁弁に前記液体を供給する液体供給工程と、
前記液体供給工程の後、前記複数の電磁弁の切り替えによって、前記エアー供給部から前記複数の電磁弁に前記エアーを供給し、前記液体を前記複数の電磁弁から前記吐出部へと押し出し、前記吐出部から前記液体を吐出させるエアー供給工程と、
を含み、
前記エアー供給工程では、ブロー圧（ＭＰａ）をｘ、ブロー時間（ｓ）をｙとした時、（１）、（２）式を満たすように前記エアーを供給する液体供給方法。
ｘ＞０．１ （１）
ｙ≧０．２９ｘ－１ （２） A liquid supply device that supplies liquid from a discharge portion connected to a plurality of solenoid valves,
a liquid holding portion that holds the liquid and supplies the liquid to the plurality of solenoid valves;
an air supply unit including an air supply source for supplying air, and an air supply pipe connected to the air supply source and the plurality of solenoid valves, the air supply pipe being equally branched so that the pressure of the air supplied from the air supply source to the plurality of solenoid valves is uniform;
the plurality of solenoid valves are connected to the liquid holding portion and the air supply portion, and switch between the liquid and the air to be supplied to the discharge portion;
a liquid supplying method using a liquid supplying device, wherein the discharge units are provided in the plurality of solenoid valves, respectively,
a liquid supplying step of supplying the liquid from the liquid holding portion to the plurality of solenoid valves;
an air supplying step of, after the liquid supplying step, supplying the air from the air supply unit to the plurality of electromagnetic valves by switching the plurality of electromagnetic valves, pushing the liquid from the plurality of electromagnetic valves to the discharge unit, and discharging the liquid from the discharge unit;
Including,
In the air supplying step, the air is supplied so as to satisfy the following formulas (1) and (2), where x is the blow pressure (MPa) and y is the blow time (s).
x>0.1 (1)
y≧0.29x -1 (2)
前記液体を保持し、前記複数の電磁弁に前記液体を供給する液体保持部と、
エアーを供給するためのエアー供給源と、前記エアー供給源と前記複数の電磁弁とに接続し、前記エアー供給源から前記複数の電磁弁に供給される前記エアーの圧力が均一になるよう等分岐して設けられているエアー供給管と、を含むエアー供給部と、を有し、
前記複数の電磁弁は、前記液体保持部と前記エアー供給部とに接続し、前記吐出部に供給する前記液体と前記エアーの切り替えを行い、
前記吐出部は前記複数の電磁弁にそれぞれ設けられている、液体供給装置を用いたＲ－Ｔ－Ｂ系焼結磁石（Ｒは希土類元素のうち少なくとも一種であり、Ｎｄ及びＰｒの少なくとも一方を必ず含む。Ｔは遷移金属元素のうち少なくとも一種でありＦｅを必ず含む。）の製造方法であって、
Ｒ－Ｔ－Ｂ系合金粉末を準備する合金粉末準備工程と、
離型剤を金型に供給した後、前記Ｒ－Ｔ－Ｂ系合金粉末を前記金型に供給し、成形して成形体を得る成形工程と、
前記成形体を加熱して焼結体を得る焼結工程と、
を含み、
前記離型剤は、前記液体供給装置の前記液体保持部から前記複数の電磁弁に前記離型剤を供給する離型剤供給工程と、
前記離型剤供給工程の後、前記複数の電磁弁の切り替えによって、前記エアー供給部から前記複数の電磁弁に前記エアーを供給し、前記離型剤を前記複数の電磁弁から前記吐出部へと押し出し、前記吐出部から前記離型剤を吐出させるエアー供給工程と、
により前記金型に供給され、
前記エアー供給工程では、ブロー圧（ＭＰａ）をｘ、ブロー時間（ｓ）をｙとした時、（１）、（２）式を満たすように前記エアーを供給するＲ－Ｔ－Ｂ系焼結磁石の製造方法。
ｘ＞０．１ （１）
ｙ≧０．２９ｘ－１ （２） A liquid supply device that supplies liquid from a discharge portion connected to a plurality of solenoid valves,
a liquid holding portion that holds the liquid and supplies the liquid to the plurality of solenoid valves;
an air supply unit including an air supply source for supplying air, and an air supply pipe connected to the air supply source and the plurality of solenoid valves, the air supply pipe being equally branched so that the pressure of the air supplied from the air supply source to the plurality of solenoid valves is uniform;
the plurality of solenoid valves are connected to the liquid holding portion and the air supply portion, and switch between the liquid and the air to be supplied to the discharge portion;
a method for producing an R-T-B based sintered magnet (R is at least one rare earth element and always includes at least one of Nd and Pr; T is at least one transition metal element and always includes Fe) using a liquid supply device, wherein the discharge portion is provided on each of the plurality of solenoid valves,
an alloy powder preparation step of preparing an R-T-B based alloy powder;
a molding step of supplying a mold release agent to a mold, and then supplying the R-T-B based alloy powder to the mold and molding it to obtain a molded body;
a sintering step of heating the compact to obtain a sintered body;
Including,
a release agent supplying step of supplying the release agent from the liquid holding portion of the liquid supply device to the plurality of solenoid valves;
an air supplying step in which, after the release agent supplying step, the air is supplied from the air supplying unit to the plurality of electromagnetic valves by switching the plurality of electromagnetic valves, the release agent is pushed out from the plurality of electromagnetic valves to the discharge unit, and the release agent is discharged from the discharge unit;
is supplied to the mold by
In the air supplying step, the air is supplied so as to satisfy formulas (1) and (2), where x is the blowing pressure (MPa) and y is the blowing time (s).
x>0.1 (1)
y≧0.29x -1 (2)
8. The method for producing an R-T-B based sintered magnet according to claim 7, wherein, when the R-T-B based alloy powder is supplied to the die, the discharge part is moved to a position away from the die, and the air is supplied from the discharge part to push out any release agent remaining in the discharge part.
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