JP7750281B2 - R-t-b系焼結磁石の製造方法 - Google Patents
R-t-b系焼結磁石の製造方法Info
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- JP7750281B2 JP7750281B2 JP2023510663A JP2023510663A JP7750281B2 JP 7750281 B2 JP7750281 B2 JP 7750281B2 JP 2023510663 A JP2023510663 A JP 2023510663A JP 2023510663 A JP2023510663 A JP 2023510663A JP 7750281 B2 JP7750281 B2 JP 7750281B2
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Description
・成形体を第1焼結温度T1に加熱して第1段焼結体を作製する第1段工程(S10)と、
・第1段焼結体の温度を冷却温度T0に下げる冷却工程(S20)と、
・第1段焼結体を第2焼結温度T2に加熱して第2段焼結体を作製する第2段工程(S30)と、
を含む。
Rは希土類元素であり、Nd、PrおよびCeからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを必ず含む。好ましくは、Nd-Dy、Nd-Tb、Nd-Dy-Tb、Nd-Pr-Dy、Nd-Pr-Tb、Nd-Pr-Dy-Tbで示される希土類元素の組合せを用いる。
R:28質量%以上35質量%以下、
B:0.8質量%以上1.2質量%以下、
T61.5質量%以上を含み、[B]を質量%で示すBの含有量、[T]を質量%で示すTの含有量とするとき、14[B]/10.8<[T]/55.85 式1
を満足する。
本実施形態におけるR-T-B系焼結磁石用合金の粗粉砕粉を準備する工程は、R-T-B系焼結磁石用合金を準備する工程と、この合金を例えば水素粉砕法などによって粗く粉砕する工程とを含み得る。
本実施形態における微粉末を得る工程では、粉砕室が不活性ガスで満たされたジェットミル装置に前記粗粉砕粉を供給して前記粗粉砕粉の粉砕を行い、微粉末を得る。この工程では、例えば、平均粒度が2.0μm以上4.5μm以下の微粉末(R-T-B系合金粉末)を得ることができる。このような微粉末を得る工程は、例えば、ジェットミル粉砕システムを用いて実行することができる。
成形体を作製する工程において、磁場中プレスでは酸化抑制の観点から不活性ガス雰囲気中によるプレスまたは湿式プレスによって成形体を形成する方が好ましい。特に湿式プレスは成形体を構成する粒子の表面が油剤などの分散剤によって被覆され、大気中の酸素や水蒸気との接触が抑制される。このため、プレス工程の前後あるいはプレス工程中に粒子が大気によって酸化されることを防止または抑制することができる。
分散媒は、その内部に合金粉末を分散させることによりスラリーを得ることができる液体である。
得られた合金粉末と分散媒とを混合することでスラリーを得ることができる。
次に、成形体を焼結して焼結体を得る。本実施形態における焼結工程は、前述したように、
・成形体を第1焼結温度T1に加熱して第1段焼結体を作製する第1段工程(S10)と、
・第1段焼結体の温度を冷却温度T0に下げる冷却工程(S20)と、
・第1段焼結体を第2焼結温度T2に加熱して第2段焼結体を作製する第2段工程(S30)と、
を含む。
R-T-B系焼結磁石がおよそ表1のNo.1に示す組成となるように、各元素を秤量してストリップキャスト法により鋳造し、フレーク状の合金を得た。得られたフレーク状の合金を水素加圧雰囲気で水素脆化させた後、真空中で加熱、冷却する脱水素処理を施し、粗粉砕粉を得た。次に、得られた粗粉砕粉に対して気流式粉砕機(ジェットミル装置)を用いて粉砕し、D50が3.6μmの合金粉末を得た。
表4のNo.2~4の組成となるように、各元素を秤量する以外は、実験例1と同様な方法で成形体を作製した。得られた前記成形体を表5に示す条件で焼結を行った。焼結後のR-T-B系焼結磁石に対して、実験例1と同様に熱処理を施しR-T-B系焼結磁石(No.2-1~2-6)を得た。
表7のNo.5の組成となるように、各元素を秤量する以外は、実験例1と同様な方法で成形体を作製した。得られた前記成形体を表8に示す条件で焼結を行った。得られたR-T-B系焼結磁石の成分を表7に示す。得られたR-T-B系焼結磁石に対し、拡散処理を行った。具体的には、Nd:0.3質量%、Pr:76.4質量%、Tb:13.4質量%、Cu:4.7質量%、Ga5.2質量%のアトマイズ粉(106μm以下)を準備した。次に、R-T-B系焼結磁石にディッピング法により糖アルコール類を含有する粘着剤をR-T-B系焼結磁石の全面に塗布した。粘着剤を塗布したR-T-B系焼結磁石に前記アトマイズ粉をR-T-B系焼結磁石の質量に対し2mass%付着させた。次に、熱処理炉を用いて920℃で10時間の条件で前記アトマイズ粉及び前記R-T-B系焼結磁石を加熱して拡散工程を実施した後、冷却した。その後、熱処理炉を用いて480℃で3時間の条件で熱処理を実施した。得られた拡散後のR-T-B系焼結磁石を実験例1と同様にして磁気特性およびHk/HcJを求めた。結果を表9に示す。
Claims (6)
- R-T-B系合金粉末(Rは希土類元素であり、Nd、PrおよびCeからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを必ず含み、Tは遷移金属の少なくとも1つでありFeを必ず含む、Bはホウ素である)の成形体を焼結する焼結工程を含み、
前記焼結工程は、
前記成形体を第1焼結温度T1に加熱して第1段焼結体を作製する第1段工程と、
前記第1段焼結体の温度を冷却温度T0に下げる冷却工程と、
前記第1段焼結体を第2焼結温度T2に加熱して第2段焼結体を作製する第2段工程と、
を含み、
前記第1焼結温度T1および前記第2焼結温度T2は、900℃超であり、
前記冷却温度T0は、900℃以下であり、
前記第1段工程において前記第1焼結温度T1に保持する第1焼結時間t1は、前記第2段工程において前記第2焼結温度T2に保持する第2焼結時間t2半分以下であり、
前記第2焼結時間t2は、1時間以上15時間以下である、R-T-B系焼結磁石の製造方法。 - 前記第1焼結温度T1および前記第2焼結温度T2は、1000℃以上1100℃以下である、請求項1に記載のR-T-B系焼結磁石の製造方法。
- R-T-B系合金粉末(Rは希土類元素であり、Nd、PrおよびCeからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを必ず含み、Tは遷移金属の少なくとも1つでありFeを必ず含む、Bはホウ素である)の成形体を焼結する焼結工程を含み、
前記焼結工程は、
前記成形体を第1焼結温度T1に加熱して第1段焼結体を作製する第1段工程と、
前記第1段焼結体の温度を冷却温度T0に下げる冷却工程と、
前記第1段焼結体を第2焼結温度T2に加熱して第2段焼結体を作製する第2段工程と、
を含み、
前記第1焼結温度T1および前記第2焼結温度T2は、900℃超であり、
前記冷却温度T0は、900℃以下であり、
前記第1段工程において前記第1焼結温度T1に保持する第1焼結時間t1は、前記第2段工程において前記第2焼結温度T2に保持する第2焼結時間t2よりも短く、
前記第1焼結温度T1は、1040℃以上1080℃未満であり、
前記第2焼結温度T2は、1020℃以上1060℃未満である、R-T-B系焼結磁石の製造方法。 - R-T-B系合金粉末(Rは希土類元素であり、Nd、PrおよびCeからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを必ず含み、Tは遷移金属の少なくとも1つでありFeを必ず含む、Bはホウ素である)の成形体を焼結する焼結工程を含み、
前記焼結工程は、
前記成形体を第1焼結温度T1に加熱して第1段焼結体を作製する第1段工程と、
前記第1段焼結体の温度を冷却温度T0に下げる冷却工程と、
前記第1段焼結体を第2焼結温度T2に加熱して第2段焼結体を作製する第2段工程と、
を含み、
前記第1焼結温度T1および前記第2焼結温度T2は、900℃超であり、
前記冷却温度T0は、900℃以下であり、
前記第1段工程において前記第1焼結温度T1に保持する第1焼結時間t1は、前記第2段工程において前記第2焼結温度T2に保持する第2焼結時間t2よりも短く、
第1焼結時間t1は、30分以上2時間以下であり、
第2焼結時間t2は、1時間以上15時間以下である、R-T-B系焼結磁石の製造方法。 - 前記冷却温度T0は、700℃以上900℃以下である、請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載のR-T-B系焼結磁石の製造方法。
- 前記合金粉末の組成は、R:28質量%以上35質量%以下、B:0.8質量%以上1.20質量%以下、T61.5質量%以上を含み、[B]を質量%で示すBの含有量、[T]を質量%で示すTの含有量とするとき、14[B]/10.8<[T]/55.85
を満足する、請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載のR-T-B系焼結磁石の製造方法。
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