JP7758500B2 - Rock bolt installation device and rock bolt installation method using the same - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a rock bolt driving device for driving rock bolts in tunnel construction, mine tunnel excavation, reinforcement soil work, etc., and a rock bolt driving method using the same.

In tunnel construction and mine tunnel excavation work, rock bolts are driven in parallel with the excavation of the tunnel face by blasting to reinforce the tunnel and tunnel walls.
The rock bolt installation work involves drilling the face using a drill jumbo, and then installing the rock bolts using a dedicated rock bolt installation machine equipped with a composite shell, as described in Patent Document 1, for example.
The composite shell is equipped with at least a drilling guide shell and a bolt insertion guide shell so that the drilling device, mortar injection device, and rock bolt insertion device can advance and retreat on the same axis.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 63-241300

However, the rock bolting device described in Patent Document 1 requires that dedicated guide shells be equipped on each of the two shafts, one for drilling and one for inserting bolts. This increases the size and weight of the rock bolting device, which in turn requires an increase in the size of the vehicle on which the device is mounted, resulting in problems such as limited operation in small-section tunnels and tunnels and increased manufacturing costs.

The present invention was developed to address these problems, and aims to provide a rock bolt driving device that can reduce the size and weight of the device, making it more compact and reducing manufacturing costs, as well as a rock bolt driving method using the same.

In order to solve the above problems, one aspect of the present invention provides a rock bolt driving device comprising a guide shell; a drilling device arranged on one surface of the guide shell so as to be slidable along the axial direction of the guide shell; a rock bolt insertion device arranged on another surface of the guide shell opposite the one surface so as to be slidable along the axial direction; and a position switching mechanism that can be operated by rotating the guide shell to rotate between a drilling position in which the drilling device is positioned on the work axis and an insertion position in which the rock bolt insertion device is positioned on the work axis.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a rock bolt driving method according to one aspect of the present invention uses a rock bolt driving device according to one aspect of the present invention, rotates the guide shell using the position switching mechanism, and performs drilling work in the drilling position and rock bolt insertion work in the insertion position.

The present invention makes it possible to reduce the size and weight of rock bolt driving equipment, making the equipment more compact and reducing manufacturing costs.

1A and 1B are explanatory diagrams of a first embodiment of a rock bolt driving device according to one aspect of the present invention, in which (a) is a plan view, (b) is a front view, (c) is a bottom view, and (d) is a view seen from the direction of arrow D in FIG. 1B. This is a diagram explaining the position switching operation of the rock bolt driving device of the first embodiment, and when viewed from the direction of arrow D shown in Figure 1(b), Figure 2(a) shows the drilling position in which the drilling device is positioned on the work axis, (b) shows the injection position in which the injection pipe is positioned on the work axis, (c) shows the insertion position in which the rock bolt insertion device is positioned on the work axis, and (d) shows the state in which a rock bolt is being handed over from the magazine to the rock bolt insertion device in the drilling position. This is an explanatory diagram of the position switching operation in the rock bolt driving device of the first embodiment, where Figure (a) is a view from the arrow A in Figure 2(a) and shows the drilling position with the drilling device positioned on the work axis, Figure (b) is a view from the arrow B in Figure 2(b) and shows the injection position with the injection pipe positioned on the work axis, and Figure (c) is a view from the arrow C in Figure 2(c) and shows the insertion position with the rock bolt insertion device positioned on the work axis. This is a diagram explaining a first embodiment of the carriage and carriage drive mechanism, where (a) is an enlarged view of the main parts as seen from the direction of arrow D in Figure 1(b), (b) is a Z-Z cross-sectional view in Figure 1(a) showing the state in which the clamp cylinder is clamping the carriage for the drilling device, (c) is a partial view in the Y-Y cross-section in Figure 1(a), and (d) is a Z-Z cross-sectional view in Figure 1(a) showing the state in which the clamp cylinder is clamping the carriage for the rock bolt insertion device. 1A and 1B are diagrams illustrating a second aspect of the carriage and carriage drive mechanism, in which FIG. 1A is an enlarged view of the main part as seen from the direction of the arrow D in FIG. 1B, and FIG. 1B is a partial view of the Y-Y cross section in FIG. 1A. 6A and 6B are explanatory diagrams of a second embodiment of a rock bolt driving device according to one aspect of the present invention, in which (a) is a plan view, (b) is a front view, (c) is a bottom view, and (d) is a view from the direction of arrow D in FIG. 6B. This is a diagram explaining the position switching operation of the rock bolt driving device of the second embodiment, and when viewed from the direction of arrow D shown in Figure 6(b), Figure 7(a) shows the drilling position in which the drilling device is positioned on the work axis, (b) shows the injection position in which the injection pipe is positioned on the work axis, (c) shows the state in an intermediate position in which a rock bolt is being handed over from the magazine to the rock bolt insertion device, and (d) shows the insertion position in which the rock bolt insertion device is positioned on the work axis.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the drawings are schematic. Therefore, it should be noted that the relationship between thickness and planar dimensions, ratios, etc. differ from the actual ones, and the drawings also include portions where the relationship and ratio of dimensions differ from each other.
Furthermore, the embodiments described below are intended to exemplify devices and methods for embodying the technical ideas of the present invention, and the technical ideas of the present invention do not limit the materials, shapes, structures, arrangements, etc. of the components to the embodiments described below.

As shown in Figure 1, the rock bolt driving device 100 of the first embodiment has a base 20, a base arm 21 fixed so as to extend laterally from the base 20, a swing arm 22 whose base end is rotatably connected to the tip of the base arm 21, and a swing cylinder 23 attached so as to rotate the swing arm 22 relative to the base arm 21. The base 20 is provided at the tip of the boom of a rock bolt driving cart (not shown).

Here, the rock bolt driving device 100 of the first embodiment is equipped with one guide shell 2 at the tip of the swing arm 22. The guide shell 2 of the first embodiment has a drilling device, a drill 1, disposed on one surface, and a rock bolt insertion device 4 disposed on the other surface opposite the one surface.

The drifter 1 is a drilling device arranged so that it can slide along the axial direction of the guide shell 2. The rock bolt insertion device 4 is arranged so that it can slide along the axial direction on the other surface of the guide shell 2 opposite to one surface.

An injection pipe feed device 12 is also attached to the guide shell 2 so that it protrudes to the side. A switching plate 10 that can be rotated by driving a switching actuator 11 is installed at the tip of the guide shell 2. The switching plate 10 can be switched from the drilling position to the injection position by using the injection pipe feed device 12 to insert an injection pipe 13 into the drilled hole Dh and inject grout into the drilled hole Dh (see Figure 3(b)).

Furthermore, in the first embodiment of the rock bolt driving device 100, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the magazine 14 is attached parallel to the working axis (driving axis) CL so as to extend from the side of the base arm 21 toward the rock bolt insertion device 4.

The magazine 14 is designed to be able to load multiple lock bolts B spaced apart in the circumferential direction. The magazine 14 is rotatable about its central axis in response to the drive of an actuator for rotating the magazine. The lock bolt insertion device 4 is configured to be able to directly transfer lock bolts B from the magazine 14 when rotated to a transfer position with the magazine 14.

In the rock bolt driving device 100 of the first embodiment, the base arm 21, swing arm 22, and swing cylinder 23 rotate the guide shell 2 around the axis at the tip of the swing arm 22, providing a position switching mechanism 24 that can be rotated between a drilling position Da (see Figure 2(a)) in which the drifter 1 is positioned on the working axis CL (the axis of drilling by the drifter 1) described below, and an insertion position Pa (see Figure 2(c)) in which the rock bolt insertion device 4 is positioned on the working axis CL (the axis of driving by the rock bolt insertion device 4).

Furthermore, in the rock bolt driving device 100 of the first embodiment, in order to alternately move the drifter 1 and rock bolt insertion device 4 back and forth along the working axis CL of the guide shell 2, a carriage drive mechanism 5 is provided inside the guide shell 2, as shown in Figures 1(b) and 4, which is configured to move the drifter 1 and rock bolt insertion device 4 back and forth along the axis of the guide shell 2.

As shown in Figure 1(b), the carriage drive mechanism 5 is stretched along the guide shell 2 and includes a feed chain 6 wound around the front and rear sprockets in an infinitely circulating manner, and a carriage selection mechanism 8.

As shown in Figure 4, the rock bolt driving device 100 of the first embodiment has a drilling device carriage 3A that supports the drifter 1 so that it can slide along its axial direction relative to the guide shell 2, a rock bolt insertion device carriage 3B that supports the rock bolt insertion device 4 so that it can slide along its axial direction relative to the guide shell 2, a carriage selection mechanism 8 that can select either the drilling device carriage 3A or the rock bolt insertion device carriage 3B, and a feed motor 7 that drives the carriage selected by the carriage selection mechanism 8.

The carriage selection mechanism 8 is mounted on the guide shell 2 and includes a clamp unit 9 that can be moved forward and backward in the direction opposite the feed chain 6 to engage and disengage with the feed chain 6, and clamp cylinders 8A and 8B installed on each carriage 3A and 3B, respectively, to move the clamp unit 9 forward and backward in the direction opposite the feed chain 6.

The cylinder side of the clamp cylinder 8A is fixed to the drilling device carriage 3A, and the piston rod side is adapted to move forward and backward in response to the engagement and disengagement of the clamp unit 9. The cylinder side of the clamp cylinder 8B is fixed to the lock bolt insertion device carriage 3B, and the piston rod side is adapted to move forward and backward in response to the engagement and disengagement of the clamp unit 9.

In Figure 4 (first embodiment), the feed chain 6 is in a single row, and the carriage drive mechanism 5 is configured so that the power of the feed motor 7 is transmitted to the side where the feed chain 6 is clamped by the clamp section 9 when either one of the clamp cylinders 8A or 8B is driven.

More specifically, the guide shell 2 is provided with a feed chain 6 that is tensioned so that selected carriages 3A, 3B, either carriages 3A for the drilling device or carriages 3B for the rock bolt insertion device, can slide along the axial direction of the guide shell 2.
The feed chain 6 is a roller chain made up of alternating outer links and inner links, with many rollers lined up in the feed direction. The clamp unit 9 has multiple engaging claws that can be inserted between the rollers of the feed chain 6. As shown in Figures 4(b) and 4(d), the multiple engaging claws are inserted and removed between the rollers of the feed chain 6 by driving the clamp cylinders 8A and 8B forward and backward, thereby enabling the transmission and release of the feed force.

As a result, the carriage selection mechanism 8 selectively engages and disengages the clamp unit 9 with the feed chain 6 by driving the clamp cylinder 8A, 8B of one of the drilling device carriage 3A and the rock bolt insertion device carriage 3B forward and backward.

In the first embodiment of the rock bolt driving device 100, the carriage 3A for the drilling device and the carriage 3B for the rock bolt insertion device share a common feed motor 7, which slides only the carriage selected by the carriage selection mechanism 8.

Next, the driving operation using the rock bolt driving device 100 of the first embodiment will be described with reference to Figures 2 to 4 as appropriate.
As shown in Figure 2(a), first, the swing cylinder 23 of the posture switching mechanism 24 is extended to rotate the swing arm 22 clockwise when viewed from the front, and the rotation position of the guide shell 2 is positioned at the drilling posture Da shown in the same figure (a) and Figure 3(a).

Then, when positioned in the drilling position Da, as shown in Figure 4(b), the clamp cylinders 8A and 8B of the carriage selection mechanism 8 are driven toward and away from the drilling device carriage 3A, the clamp unit 9 selects the drilling device carriage 3A side and engages it with the feed chain 6, and the common feed motor 7 is driven to feed the drifter 1 axially forward on the working axis CL to perform drilling.

Next, as shown in Figure 2(b), the switching actuator 11 is driven to rotate the switching plate 10 at the tip of the guide shell, switching the switching plate 10 from the drilling position to the injection position, and the injection pipe feed device 12 inserts the injection pipe 13 into the drilled hole Dh to inject the injection material into the drilled hole Dh. At this time, the axis of the drifter 1 is made to follow the rotational position by bending the drill rod, as shown in Figure 3(b).

Next, the rock bolts 15 stored in the magazine 14 are directly clamped by the rock bolt insertion device 4. After the injection pipe 13 has been retrieved, as shown in Figure 2(c), the swing cylinder 23 of the position switching mechanism 24 is retracted to rotate the swing arm 22 counterclockwise when viewed from the front, and as shown in Figures 2(c) and 3(c), the position of the guide shell 2 is switched from the drilling position Da to the insertion position Pa for inserting the rock bolt B.

When the guide shell 2 is rotated to change its position to the insertion position Pa, as shown in Figure 2(d), the swing arm 22 swings to set the rock bolt B on the working axis CL of the rock bolt insertion device 4 (the driving axis CL of the rock bolt insertion device 4).

Then, when positioned in the insertion position Pa, as shown in Figure 4(d), the clamp cylinders 8A and 8B of the carriage selection mechanism 8 are driven back and forth toward the lock bolt insertion device carriage 3B, the clamp unit 9 selects the lock bolt insertion device carriage 3B side and engages it with the feed chain 6, and the common feed motor 7 is driven to feed the lock bolt insertion device 4 axially forward on the work axis CL, inserting the rock bolt B into the drilled hole Dh and completing the driving operation.

Next, the effects of the rock bolt driving device 100 of the first embodiment and the method for driving a rock bolt B using the same will be described.
As described above, the rock bolting device described in Patent Document 1 requires that dedicated guide shells be equipped on each of the two shafts, one for drilling and one for inserting bolts. This increases the size and weight of the rock bolting device, leading to an increase in the size of the vehicle on which it is mounted, which in turn limits its use in small cross-section tunnels and tunnels, and increases manufacturing costs.

In contrast, the rock bolt driving device 100 of the first embodiment includes a guide shell 2, a drilling device called a drifter 1 that is arranged on one face of the guide shell 2 so that it can slide axially along the guide shell 2's axis, a rock bolt insertion device 4 that is arranged on the opposite face of the guide shell 2 so that it can slide axially along the guide shell 2's axis, and a position switching mechanism 24 that can be operated to rotate the guide shell 2 about its axis to between a drilling position Da that positions the drifter 1 on the working axis CL and an insertion position Pa that positions the rock bolt insertion device 4 on the working axis CL. Therefore, the position switching mechanism 24 allows drilling operations in the drilling position Da using one guide shell 2 and rock bolt insertion operations in the insertion position Pa. This enables the size and weight of the rock bolt driving device 100 to be reduced, miniaturizing the device and reducing manufacturing costs.

Furthermore, the rock bolt driving device 100 of the first embodiment includes a drilling device carriage 3A that supports the drifter 1 so that it can slide along the guide shell 2, a rock bolt insertion device carriage 3B that supports the rock bolt insertion device 4 so that it can slide along the guide shell 2, and a carriage drive mechanism 5 that selects either the drilling device carriage 3A or the rock bolt insertion device carriage 3B and slides the selected carriage along the guide shell 2. This reduces the size and weight of the rock bolt driving device 100, making it suitable as a carriage and its drive mechanism for miniaturizing the device and reducing manufacturing costs.

In addition, according to the first embodiment of the rock bolt driving device 100, the carriage drive mechanism 5 includes a feed chain 6 stretched along the guide shell 2, and a carriage selection mechanism 8 provided on each of the drilling device carriage 3A and the rock bolt insertion device carriage 3B, which can engage and disengage each carriage 3A, 3B with the feed chain 6. The carriage selection mechanism 8 is equipped on the guide shell 2 with a clamp unit 9 that can selectively engage and disengage only one of the drilling device carriage 3A and the rock bolt insertion device carriage 3B with the feed chain 6, and clamp cylinders 8A, 8B that engage and disengage the clamp unit 9. This reduces the size and weight of the rock bolt driving device 100, making it more suitable as a carriage and its drive mechanism for use in miniaturizing the device and reducing manufacturing costs.

Furthermore, according to the first embodiment of the rock bolt driving device 100, the carriage 3A for the drilling device and the carriage 3B for the rock bolt insertion device share a common feed motor 7, and the feed motor 7 operates only the carriage selected by the carriage selection mechanism 8, making it even more superior as a carriage drive mechanism used to downsize the device and reduce manufacturing costs.

As explained above, this rock bolt driving device 100 and the method of driving rock bolts using it make it possible to reduce the size and weight of the rock bolt driving device, making it more compact and reducing manufacturing costs. It should be noted that the rock bolt driving device of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications are possible without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

For example, in the rock bolt driving device 100 of the first embodiment, the carriage 3A for the drilling device and the carriage 3B for the rock bolt inserting device have a common feed motor 7, but this is not limited to this.
For example, the carriage drive mechanism for the drilling device carriage 3A and the carriage drive mechanism for the rock bolt insertion device carriage 3B may each have a dedicated feed motor 7.
In this case, each feed motor 7 is selectively controlled so as to drive only the carriage selected by the switching mechanism. Even with this configuration, a drive mechanism for the carriages can be constructed.

In addition, for example, in the rock bolt driving device 100 of the first embodiment described above, Figure 4 (first embodiment) shows an example in which the feed chain 6 is a single-row, single-stranded chain. However, this is not limited to this. For example, as shown in Figure 5 (second embodiment), the carriage drive mechanism 5 may be configured so that the feed chains 6 are arranged above and below to form a double-row, double-stranded chain, and the clamping unit 9 may be simultaneously engaged with the two upper and lower feed chains 6 for each carriage 3A, 3B, allowing the engaged carriage (3A or 3B) to be selected and moved forward or backward.

In addition, for example, in the rock bolt driving device 100 of the first embodiment described above, the magazine 14 is attached parallel to the driving axis CL so as to extend from the side of the base arm 21 toward the rock bolt insertion device 4, and when the rock bolt insertion device 4 is rotated to the transfer position with the magazine 14, the rock bolt B can be directly transferred from the magazine 14, but this is not a limitation.

For example, a second embodiment is shown in FIGS.
As shown in Figure 6, the rock bolt driving device 100 of the second embodiment is an integrated device in which the magazine 14 and the clamp arm 16 capable of transferring bolts are provided on the side of the swing arm 22, and differs from the first embodiment in that the rock bolt B is transferred from the magazine 14 to the rock bolt insertion device 4 via the transfer operation of the clamp arm 16. The other configurations are the same as those of the rock bolt driving device 100 of the first embodiment.

In other words, the rock bolt driving device 100 of the second embodiment also comprises a drilling device, the drifter 1, which is arranged on one surface of the guide shell 2 so that it can slide along the axial direction of the guide shell 2; a rock bolt insertion device 4 which is arranged on the other surface of the guide shell 2 opposite the one surface so that it can slide along the axial direction; and a position switching mechanism 24 which can be rotated by rotating the guide shell 2 to switch between a drilling position Da in which the drifter 1 is positioned on the working axis CL and an insertion position Pa in which the rock bolt insertion device 4 is positioned on the working axis CL.

As a result, even with the configuration of the second embodiment, as shown in Figure 7, which shows the position switching operation of the rock bolt driving device 100 of the second embodiment, just like in the first embodiment, the position switching mechanism 24 allows drilling operations in the drilling position Da using one guide shell 2 and rock bolt insertion operations in the insertion position Pa. This makes it possible to reduce the size and weight of the rock bolt driving device 100, making it possible to miniaturize the device and keep manufacturing costs down.

1. Drifter (drilling equipment)
2 Guide shell 3A Carriage for drilling device 3B Carriage for rock bolt insertion device 4 Rock bolt insertion device 5 Carriage drive mechanism 6 Feed chain 7 Feed motor 8 Carriage selection mechanism 8A, 8B Clamp cylinder 9 Clamp unit 10 Switching plate 11 Switching actuator 12 Injection pipe feed device 13 Injection pipe 14 Magazine 16 Clamp arm 17 Swing cylinder 18 Centralizer 20 Base 21 Base arm 22 Swing arm 23 Swing cylinder 24 Posture switching mechanism 100 Rock bolt driving device B Rock bolt R Rod Dh Drilling hole Da Drilling position Pa Insertion position

Claims (4)

A guide shell;
A drilling device arranged on one surface of the guide shell so as to be slidable along the axial direction of the guide shell;
a lock bolt insertion device disposed on another surface of the guide shell opposite to the one surface so as to be slidable along the axial direction;
A position switching mechanism that can be rotated between a drilling position in which the drilling device is positioned on the work axis and an insertion position in which the rock bolt insertion device is positioned on the work axis by rotating the guide shell;
a drilling device carriage that supports the drilling device so that the drilling device can slide along the guide shell;
a carriage for the lock bolt insertion device that supports the lock bolt insertion device so that the lock bolt insertion device can slide along the guide shell;
a carriage drive mechanism for selecting one of the drilling device carriage and the rock bolt insertion device carriage and sliding the selected carriage along the guide shell;
The carriage drive mechanism includes a feed chain stretched along the guide shell, and a carriage selection mechanism provided on each of the drilling device carriage and the rock bolt insertion device carriage, which can engage and disengage each carriage with the feed chain;
The carriage selection mechanism is mounted on the guide shell and has a clamp unit that can selectively engage and release only one of the carriages for the drilling device and the rock bolt insertion device from the feed chain, and a clamp cylinder that engages and releases the clamp unit. the carriage drive mechanism has a feed motor common to the drilling device carriage and the rock bolt insertion device carriage;
The rock bolt driving device according to claim 1, wherein the feed motor slides only the carriage selected by the carriage selection mechanism provided in the carriage drive mechanism. A guide shell;
A drilling device arranged on one surface of the guide shell so as to be slidable along the axial direction of the guide shell;
a lock bolt insertion device disposed on another surface of the guide shell opposite to the one surface so as to be slidable along the axial direction;
A position switching mechanism that can be rotated between a drilling position in which the drilling device is positioned on the work axis and an insertion position in which the rock bolt insertion device is positioned on the work axis by rotating the guide shell;
a drilling device carriage that supports the drilling device so that the drilling device can slide along the guide shell;
a carriage for the lock bolt insertion device that supports the lock bolt insertion device so that the lock bolt insertion device can slide along the guide shell;
a carriage drive mechanism for selecting one of the drilling device carriage and the rock bolt insertion device carriage and sliding the selected carriage along the guide shell;
the carriage drive mechanism has a feed motor common to the drilling device carriage and the rock bolt insertion device carriage;
A rock bolt driving device characterized in that the feed motor slides only the carriage selected by the carriage drive mechanism. Using the rock bolt driving device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 ,
A rock bolt driving method characterized by rotating the guide shell using the position switching mechanism to perform drilling operations in the drilling position and rock bolt insertion operations in the insertion position.