JP7762073B2 - Seismic isolation damper mechanism - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a seismic isolation damper mechanism installed between a lower structure and an upper structure.

The seismic isolation damper mechanism has a seismic isolation tamper installed between the lower structure and the upper structure, which is supported on top of it via seismic isolation laminated rubber. During an earthquake, the seismic isolation damper expands and contracts to absorb vibration energy caused by earthquakes, ensuring the seismic performance of the upper structure. The seismic isolation damper is positioned between the lower structure and the upper structure, with its expansion and contraction direction facing horizontally.

JP 2016-79611 A

As a result, installing seismic isolation dampers requires a long horizontal space, and because seismic isolation damper mechanisms, including seismic isolation dampers, are installed in multiple locations between the lower structure and the upper structure, it can sometimes be impossible to install the seismic isolation damper mechanisms depending on the specifications of the lower structure and the upper structure. This invention was made in light of the above circumstances, and aims to provide a seismic isolation damper mechanism that allows seismic isolation dampers to be installed without requiring a long horizontal space.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives, one embodiment of the present invention is a seismic isolation damper mechanism that absorbs the vibration energy of an upper structure on a lower structure using a seismic isolation damper having a link, a first member, and a second member, wherein a link support and a damper support are provided on the lower structure, an upper platform that functions as a support for the link is provided at the bottom of the upper structure, and the damper support to which the first member is fixed so that the displacement direction of the second member is vertical, and the second member is positioned above the first member so as to appear and disappear relative to the first member. the damper support portion is provided at a position different from that of the damper support portion in the horizontal direction, a link support portion is provided protruding above the damper support portion, the upper base is provided at a position different from that of the damper support portion in the horizontal direction and protruding at a position at which at least a portion of the link support portion overlaps with the link support portion, the link supports an upper portion of the second member, the link support portion, and the base so as to be able to swing, and the link rotates around the link support portion to convert horizontal deformation into vertical deformation, and the damper expands and contracts in the vertical direction to absorb the vibration energy. In one embodiment of the present invention, the second member is provided with a damper pin, the link support portion is provided with a support shaft, and the upper frame is provided with an upper pin, the link is swingably supported by the link support portion via the support shaft, the link and the second member are connected via a first long groove provided in the link and the damper pin, and the link and the upper frame are connected via a second long groove provided in the link and the upper pin. In another embodiment of the present invention, the damper pin, the support shaft, and the upper pin are parallel to each other, the link support portion and the upper frame have a width along the longitudinal direction of the support shaft, and a pair of links are arranged at both ends of the link support portion and the upper frame in the width direction. In another embodiment of the present invention, the upper frame is arranged at the center of the longitudinal direction of the upper pin, and a first gap is secured between each pair of links and both ends of the upper frame in the width direction. In one embodiment of the present invention, a first elastic member having a thickness along the longitudinal direction of the upper pin and leaving a second gap smaller than the first gap is disposed between both widthwise ends of the upper platform and the pair of links, the link support portion is disposed in the longitudinal center of the support shaft, and a second elastic member is interposed between the pair of links and both widthwise ends of the link support portion. In another embodiment of the present invention, a portion of the first member is disposed below the surface of the substructure via the damper support portion. In another embodiment of the present invention, the damper support portion is located directly above the foundation pile and connected to the foundation pile.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the seismic isolation damper is positioned so that it extends vertically, thereby occupying an extremely small horizontal area. Therefore, even when the specifications of the substructure and superstructure do not allow for a large horizontal space for the seismic isolation damper, a space-saving seismic isolation damper mechanism can be provided. Furthermore, compared to conventional seismic isolation damper mechanisms in which multiple seismic isolation dampers extend horizontally, a larger number of seismic isolation damper mechanisms according to one embodiment of the present invention can be installed. Furthermore, integrating the damper support and link support allows for the installation of the seismic isolation damper mechanism by installing a single support member in the substructure, which is advantageous for simplifying the installation of the seismic isolation damper mechanism. Furthermore, by positioning the link support so that it partially overlaps the upper frame, the upper frame and link support can be connected over the shortest distance, which is advantageous for installing the seismic isolation damper mechanism in a narrow space. Furthermore, arranging a pair of links at both widthwise ends of the link support and the upper frame facilitates swing of the links when the upper structure is displaced horizontally relative to the lower structure, advantageously converting lateral vibrations into vertical vibrations and absorbing them with the seismic isolation damper that expands and contracts vertically. Furthermore, providing a first gap between the pair of links and the upper frame allows the upper frame to move along the longitudinal direction of the upper pin when the upper structure is displaced in the longitudinal direction of the support shaft relative to the lower structure, advantageously increasing the durability of the seismic isolation damper mechanism. Furthermore, arranging a first elastic member between the pair of links and both widthwise ends of the upper frame is advantageous in that the first elastic member can absorb impacts in the event of a collision between the upper structure and the link when the upper structure is displaced in the longitudinal direction of the support shaft relative to the lower structure. Furthermore, providing a second elastic member between the pair of links and both widthwise ends of the link support is advantageous in that impacts in the event of a collision between the link and the link support when the upper structure is displaced in the longitudinal direction of the support shaft relative to the lower structure. Furthermore, a portion of the first member can be positioned below the surface of the substructure via the damper support portion, which increases the range of motion of the seismic isolation damper that can be placed in a limited space, providing advantages for absorbing large vibration energy. Furthermore, by positioning the damper support portion directly above the foundation pile and connecting the damper support portion to the foundation pile, the damper support portion of the first member is firmly supported by the foundation pile, providing advantages for the seismic isolation damper to absorb large vibration energy.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the seismic isolation damper mechanism of the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a front view of the seismic isolation damper mechanism of the first embodiment, in which the first arm has been removed to clarify the relationship between the link support portion, the support shaft, and the link. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the seismic isolation damper mechanism of the first embodiment. This is a side view of the seismic isolation damper mechanism of the first embodiment in a state in which the upper structure portion is displaced relative to the lower structure portion in a direction approaching the damper support portion in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the support shaft. This is a side view of the seismic isolation damper mechanism of the first embodiment in a state in which the upper structure portion is displaced relative to the lower structure portion in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the support shaft and away from the damper support portion. 1 is a front view of the seismic isolation damper mechanism of the first embodiment in a state in which the upper structure portion is displaced in the longitudinal direction of the support shaft relative to the lower structure portion. FIG. This is a plan view showing the relationship between the link support part, upper platform, and second arm when the upper structure part moves in the longitudinal direction of the support shaft and also moves slightly in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the support shaft, where (A) shows the state before the upper structure part moves, and (B) shows the state after the upper structure part has moved and the second arm has tilted. FIG. 10 is a side view of the seismic isolation damper mechanism of the second embodiment. FIG. 10 is a side view of a seismic isolation damper mechanism using a link having a different shape from that of the first embodiment.

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to illustrative examples. First, a first embodiment will be described with reference to Figures 1 to 7. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, an upper structure 6 is seismically supported on a lower structure 2 via multiple seismic isolation damper mechanisms 4. In this embodiment, the lower structure 2 is a seismic isolation pit constructed in the ground, and the seismic isolation pit is composed of a base slab 2A and a retaining wall (not shown) that rises from the periphery of the base slab 2A, and the upper structure 6 is a building.

As shown in FIG. 3, the seismic isolation damper mechanism 4 is composed of a seismic isolation damper 8, a link 10, a damper support 12, a link support 14, an upper frame 16, a support shaft 18, a damper pin 20, and an upper pin 22. The damper support 12, the link support 14, and the upper frame 16 are concrete blocks or steel blocks, while the link 10, a support shaft 18, a damper pin 20, and an upper pin 22 are steel. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the seismic isolation damper 8 includes a first member 801 and a second member 802 for absorbing energy. In this embodiment, an oil damper 8A is used as the seismic isolation damper 8; however, various types of conventionally known dampers, such as friction dampers, can be used as long as they absorb energy; the seismic isolation damper 8 is not limited to an oil damper 8A. The oil damper 8A comprises a cylinder case 801A, a piston (not shown) that is incorporated into the cylinder case 801A so that it can move linearly back and forth, and a piston rod 802A that is connected to the piston and protrudes from the cylinder case 801A; energy is absorbed when the piston rod 802A is displaced relative to the cylinder case 801A, i.e., when the oil damper 8A expands and contracts.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the damper support portion 12 protrudes upward from the base plate 2A. The damper support portion 12 fixes the direction in which the piston rod 802A displaces relative to the cylinder case 801A to the vertical direction and supports the cylinder case 801A so that it cannot move. The upper end of the cylinder case 801A, which is one of its longitudinal ends, protrudes beyond the upper surface of the damper support portion 12, and almost the entire longitudinal length of the cylinder case 801A is embedded in the damper support portion 12. The piston rod 802A protrudes upward from the upper end of the cylinder case 801A and its longitudinal direction extends vertically. As the cylinder case 801A is supported so that it cannot move by the damper support portion 12, the piston rod 802A is positioned above the cylinder case 801A so that it can appear and disappear relative to the cylinder case 801A. The horizontally extending damper pin 20 is inserted into the bracket 804A and attached to the upper end of the piston rod 802A. The initial position of the damper pin 20 is set so that it is located in the center of the longitudinal direction, but the damper pin 20 is rotatably fixed within the bracket 804A, and its position is attached so that the oscillation range can be set depending on the vibration energy to be absorbed.

The link support portion 14 protrudes upward from the base plate 2A of the lower structure portion 2 at a different horizontal position from the damper support portion 12. It is preferable that the link support portion 14 be formed integrally with the damper support portion 12. Forming the link support portion 14 as an integral portion is advantageous in terms of strength. The link support portion 14 supports the link 10 so that it can swing by rotating it around the support shaft 18. The support shaft 18 is provided at the top of the link support portion 14. The support shaft 18 is supported immovably in the longitudinal direction by the link support portion 14 and extends horizontally, with both longitudinal ends of the support shaft 18 protruding from both ends of the link support portion 14. As shown in Figure 3, the widths of the damper support portion 12 and the link support portion 14 along the longitudinal direction of the support shaft 18 are the same, and the height of the link support portion 14 from the base plate 2A is higher than that of the damper support portion 12. The link support 14 may be provided as a separate structure from the damper support 12. Providing the link support 14 as a separate structure has the advantage of making it easier to adjust the height position of the support shaft 18. The link support 14 may also be provided on the damper support 12. A mechanism for adjusting the height position of the support shaft 18 can be provided.

As shown in FIG. 1, the upper platform 16 protrudes downward from the bottom of the upper structure 6 at a location different in horizontal position from the damper support 12. The upper pin 22 is provided at the bottom of the upper platform 16 and extends horizontally. When the seismic isolation damper mechanism 4 is stationary, the upper platform 16 is located directly above the link support 14 or at least partially overlaps it in a plan view. In this embodiment, an example is described in which the upper platform 16 is located directly above the link support 14, with a gap between it and the link support 14. In other words, the upper platform 16 is located at the same horizontal position as the link support 14. The upper platform 16 functions as a support for the link 10. As shown in FIG. 2, the width of the upper platform 16 along the longitudinal direction of the upper pin 22 is smaller than the width of the link support 14. The upper pin 22 is supported at its longitudinal center by the upper frame 16, with both longitudinal sides of the upper pin 22 protruding from both widthwise ends of the upper frame 16. The upper pin 22 is supported by the upper frame 16 so that it can move longitudinally. The damper pin 20, support shaft 18, and upper pin 22 extend horizontally and parallel to each other, and the lengths of the damper pin 20, support shaft 18, and upper pin 22 are approximately the same and are larger than the width of the link support part 14.

A pair of links 10 are provided on both sides of the link support portion 14 and the upper frame 16 in the width direction.
1, the link 10 has a support shaft insertion hole 1002, which is formed by the inner peripheral surface of a bearing (not shown) incorporated in the link 10, and both ends of a support shaft 18 are inserted into the support shaft insertion holes 1002 of a pair of links 10, and the pair of links 10 are arranged so that they face each other and can swing around the support shaft 18. Also, as shown in FIG. 2, a washer, nut 1802, etc. (not shown) are attached to the end of the support shaft 18 protruding from the link 10 to prevent the link 10 from falling off the support shaft 18.

In this embodiment, the link 10 comprises a first arm 10A and a second arm 10B extending in directions perpendicular to each other. A support shaft insertion hole 1002 is provided where the first arm 10A and the second arm 10B intersect, a first long groove 1004 is provided at the tip of the first arm 10A, and a second long groove 1006 is provided at the tip of the second arm 10B. The center line of the first long groove 1004 and the center line of the second long groove 1006 intersect at the center of the support shaft 18 (support shaft insertion hole 1002), and the angle at which these center lines intersect is approximately right angles. By making this angle approximately right angles, the size of the link 10 can be minimized without degrading functionality. A damper pin 20 is inserted into the first long groove 1004 so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction of the first long groove 1004, and a washer and a nut (not shown) are attached to the end of the damper pin 20 protruding from the first long groove 1004, thereby preventing the first arm 10A from falling off the damper pin 20. An upper pin 22 is inserted into the second long groove 1006 so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction of the second long groove 1006, and as shown in FIG. 2 , a washer and a nut 2202 (not shown) are attached to the end of the upper pin 22 protruding from the second long groove 1006, thereby preventing the second arm 10B from falling off the upper pin 22. Therefore, by providing the first long groove 1004 and the second long groove 1006, the link 10 is supported so as to be able to swing by the link support part 14, and is connected to the second member 802 and the upper frame 16, converting the vibration energy caused by the horizontal displacement of the upper structure part 6 relative to the lower structure part 2 into a vertical direction, thereby absorbing the vibration energy by swinging the piston rod 802A in the vertical direction.

As shown in FIG. 2, the upper platform 16 is positioned at the longitudinal center of the upper pin 22, and a first gap S1 is defined between each pair of links 10 and both widthwise ends of the upper platform 16. A first elastic member 24, which has a thickness along the longitudinal direction of the upper pin 22 and leaves a second gap S2 smaller than the first gap S1, is attached to the upper pin 22 between each widthwise end of the upper platform 16 and the pair of links 10. That is, the first elastic member 24, which has a thickness along the longitudinal direction of the upper pin 22, is positioned between each widthwise end of the upper platform 16 and the pair of links 10. The link support 14 is positioned at the longitudinal center of the support shaft 18, and a third gap S3 is defined between each widthwise end of the pair of links 10 and the link support 14. A second elastic member 26, which has a thickness along the longitudinal direction of the support shaft 18 and closes the third gap S3, is attached to the support shaft 18 at the location of the third gap S3. The second elastic member 26 has a thickness along the longitudinal direction of the support shaft 18 and closes the third gap S3. The first and second elastic members 26 are attached to the opposing surfaces of the pair of links 10. The first and second elastic members 26 can be made of an elastic material such as rubber.

As shown in Figure 1, in the initial position of the link 10, when the upper structure 6 is not displaced relative to the base plate 2A, the first arm 10A extends horizontally and the second arm 10B extends vertically. Then, as shown in Figures 4 and 5, if the upper structure 6 is displaced horizontally relative to the base plate 2A in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the support shaft 18, such as during an earthquake, the second arm 10B swings around the support shaft 18 as a fulcrum via the upper pin 22 and second long groove 1006. This swing causes the first arm 10A to swing integrally with this swing via the damper pin 20 and first long groove 1004, causing the piston rod 802A to extend and retract relative to the cylinder case 801A. The vibration energy of the upper structure 6 is absorbed by the extension and contraction of the seismic isolation damper 8, ensuring the seismic resistance of the upper structure 6.

In this embodiment, the oil damper 8A is positioned so that it extends vertically, so the horizontal area occupied by the oil damper 8A is extremely small. This eliminates the need for a long horizontal space, as was previously required for installing the oil damper 8A, making it possible to install a seismic isolation damper mechanism 4 using the oil damper 8A in a space-saving manner. Furthermore, because the horizontal area occupied by the oil damper 8A is small, more seismic isolation damper mechanisms 4 can be installed. Furthermore, while the damper support portion 12 that supports the cylinder case 801A and the link support portion 14 that swingably supports the link 10 may be configured separately, integrating the damper support portion 12 and the link support portion 14 as in this embodiment allows for the seismic isolation damper mechanism 4 to be installed by simply installing a single support member, in which the damper support portion 12 and the link support portion 14 are integrated, on the base panel 2A. This improves the structural strength and ease of installation of the seismic isolation damper mechanism 4 and simplifies installation.

In addition, the upper platform 16 and the link support 14 may be located at different positions in the horizontal direction. However, if the upper platform 16 is located directly above the link support 14, as in this embodiment, the lengths of the first arm 10A and the second arm 10B can be shortened, which is advantageous in further reducing the installation area of the seismic isolation damper mechanism 4. Furthermore, as the link 10 rotates around the support shaft 18 on which it is supported, the damper pin 20 swings within the first long groove 1004 provided in the first arm 10A, and the upper pin 22 swings within the second long groove 1006 provided in the second arm 10B, allowing horizontal vibrations to be smoothly transmitted to the seismic isolation damper.

In addition, the first gap S1 may be omitted, but if the first gap S1 is secured between the pair of links 10 and the upper frame 16, as shown in Figure 6, when the lower structure 2 and the upper structure 6 are displaced relative to each other in the longitudinal direction of the support shaft 18, the upper frame 16 can be allowed to move along the longitudinal direction of the upper pin 22, and vibration in the longitudinal direction of the support shaft 18 can be absorbed.

In addition, by placing first elastic members 24 with a thickness along the longitudinal direction of the upper pins 22 at the locations of the upper pins 22 between the widthwise ends of the upper platform 16 and the pair of links 10, when the upper structure 6 is displaced in the longitudinal direction of the support shaft 18 relative to the lower structure 2, as shown in FIG. 6, the first elastic members 24 can absorb the impact of a collision between the upper platform 16 and the links 10, which is advantageous for improving the durability of the seismic isolation damper mechanism 4. In this embodiment, the first elastic members 24 are attached to the upper pins 22, which is advantageous for simplifying the placement of the first elastic members 24. Furthermore, by placing second elastic members 26 between the widthwise ends of the pair of links 10 and the link supports 14, when the upper structure 6 is displaced in the longitudinal direction of the support shaft 18 relative to the lower structure 2 as described above, the second elastic members 26 can absorb the impact of a collision between the links 10 and the link supports 14 due to movement of the upper platform 16.

Furthermore, by leaving a small gap between the inner circumferential surface of the shaft insertion hole 1002 of the shaft 18 of the link support part 14 and the outer circumferential surface of the shaft 18, and also between the outer circumferential surfaces of the damper pin 20 and upper pin 22 inserted into the first long groove 1004 and second long groove 1006, it is possible to allow the link 10 to tilt when the upper platform 16 moves in the longitudinal direction of the shaft 18 and also moves slightly in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the shaft 18 (see Figures 7(A) and (B)), thereby absorbing vibration energy received from various directions. In this case, attaching a second elastic member 26 to the shaft 18 that closes the third gap S3 is advantageous in preventing direct collision between the link 10 and the link support part 14.

Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to Figure 8. Note that in the following embodiment, the same components and parts as in the first embodiment will be assigned the same reference numerals, and their description will be omitted or simplified, with the focus being on the differences from the first embodiment. In the first embodiment, the lower end of the cylinder case 801A is positioned above the upper surface of the base plate 2A, i.e., the surface of the lower structure 2, whereas in the second embodiment, the seismic isolation damper mechanism 4 is configured so that the lower end of the cylinder case 801A is positioned below the surface of the lower structure 2. In the second embodiment, a larger seismic isolation damper can be used, and greater vibration energy can be absorbed than with the seismic isolation damper mechanism 4 shown in the first embodiment. However, using a larger seismic isolation damper will apply a greater force to the lower end of the cylinder case 801A.

As a countermeasure, by positioning the damper support part 12 directly above the foundation pile 28 and connecting the damper support part to the foundation pile 28, the force generated at the lower end of the cylinder case 801A is firmly supported by the foundation pile 28, which is advantageous for absorbing the large force generated in the seismic isolation damper. By considering the damper support part 12 and the foundation pile 28 as a single unit in this way, the foundation pile 28 can be given the function of the damper support part 12. As a result, this is advantageous for arranging a space-saving seismic isolation damper mechanism 4 even in the limited space formed by the lower structure part 2 and the upper structure part 6.

In this embodiment, the link 10 is described as being composed of a first arm 10A and a second arm 10B that are perpendicular to each other. However, the shape of the link 10 is arbitrary, and it may be formed, for example, in a triangular shape as shown in Figure 9, or in a quarter-circle formed by two perpendicular radii. However, using the structure as in this embodiment is advantageous in terms of reducing weight. Furthermore, in addition to being installed between the building and the foundation as in the embodiment, the seismic isolation damper mechanism 4 may also be installed on an intermediate floor of the building, and the present invention is of course applicable to such cases as well.

2 Lower structure 2A Base 4 Seismic isolation damper mechanism 6 Upper structure 8 Seismic isolation damper 801 First member 802 Second member 8A Oil damper 801A Cylinder case 802A Piston rod 804A Bracket 10 Link 10A First arm 10B Second arm 1002 Support shaft insertion hole 1004 First long groove 1006 Second long groove 12 Damper support part 14 Link support part 16 Upper frame 18 Support shaft 1802 Nut 20 Damper pin 22 Upper pin 2202 Nut 24 First elastic member 26 Second elastic member 28 Foundation pile S1 First gap S2 Second gap S3 Third gap

Claims (7)

A seismic isolation damper mechanism that absorbs vibration energy of an upper structure on a lower structure using a damper ,
the damper including a first member and a second member, and capable of expanding and contracting as the second member is displaced relative to the first member;
a damper support portion provided on the lower structure portion and configured to fix the first member such that the second member appears and disappears above the first member relative to the first member in the vertical direction;
a link support portion that is provided on the lower structure portion at a position different from that of the damper support portion in the horizontal direction and that protrudes higher than the damper support portion in the vertical direction;
an upper platform provided at a position different from the damper support portion in the horizontal direction at the bottom of the upper structure and protruding downward from the bottom of the upper structure at a position that at least partially overlaps with the link support portion in a plan view;
a link connected to an upper portion of the second member and the upper stand and supported by a support shaft of the link support portion so as to be swingable;
As the link rotates around the support shaft , horizontal displacement of the upper structure relative to the lower structure is converted into vertical displacement , and the damper expands and contracts in the vertical direction to absorb the vibration energy.
A seismic isolation damper mechanism characterized by: a damper pin is provided on the second member;
An upper pin is provided on the upper stand,
the link is swingably supported by the link support portion via the support shaft,
the link and the second member are connected via a first long groove provided in the link and the damper pin,
The link and the upper platform are connected via a second long groove provided in the link and the upper pin.
2. The seismic isolation damper mechanism according to claim 1. The damper pin, the support shaft, and the upper pin are parallel to each other,
The link support portion and the upper frame have a width along the longitudinal direction of the support shaft,
The link is arranged in pairs at both ends of the link support portion and the upper frame in the width direction.
3. The seismic isolation damper mechanism according to claim 2. The upper platform is disposed at the center of the upper pin in the longitudinal direction,
a first gap is secured between each of the pair of links and both ends of the upper frame in the width direction;
4. The seismic isolation damper mechanism according to claim 3. a first elastic member having a thickness along the longitudinal direction of the upper pin and leaving a second gap smaller than the first gap, the first elastic member being disposed between both ends of the upper frame in the width direction and the pair of links;
The link support portion is disposed at the center of the support shaft in the longitudinal direction,
a second elastic member is interposed between the pair of links and both ends of the link support portion in the width direction;
5. The seismic isolation damper mechanism according to claim 4. a portion of the first member is disposed below the surface of the lower structure;
The seismic isolation damper mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 5. The damper support portion is located directly above the foundation pile and connected to the foundation pile.
7. The seismic isolation damper mechanism according to claim 6.