JP7763201B2 - Method for manufacturing an electricity storage device - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing an electricity storage deviceInfo
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- JP7763201B2 JP7763201B2 JP2023033877A JP2023033877A JP7763201B2 JP 7763201 B2 JP7763201 B2 JP 7763201B2 JP 2023033877 A JP2023033877 A JP 2023033877A JP 2023033877 A JP2023033877 A JP 2023033877A JP 7763201 B2 JP7763201 B2 JP 7763201B2
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
- Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
Description
本発明は、蓄電デバイスの製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an electricity storage device.
従来、電極体が備える各電極の複数の集電箔と集電体との接合には、抵抗溶接若しくは超音波溶接が広く用いられている。一方でコスト削減の観点から、レーザ溶接による複数の集電箔と集電体との接合の技術開発が行われている。例えば、特許文献1には、金属箔の密着性を高めるためを仮止め接合することを含むレーザ溶接技術が開示されている。また、特許文献2~4には、金属箔のレーザ溶接予定部分の周囲を治具により押圧してレーザ溶接する技術が開示されている。 Conventionally, resistance welding or ultrasonic welding has been widely used to join multiple current collecting foils to the current collector of each electrode in an electrode assembly. However, from the perspective of cost reduction, technological developments are being made to join multiple current collecting foils to the current collector using laser welding. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a laser welding technique that includes temporary joining to improve adhesion of the metal foil. Furthermore, Patent Documents 2 to 4 disclose techniques for laser welding in which the periphery of the metal foil to be laser welded is pressed with a jig.
ところで、複数の積層された集電箔と集電体とをレーザ溶接をする場合には、溶接予定部分において集電箔間の隙間を低減することが望ましい。集電箔間に隙間がある場合には、集電箔にレーザ光を照射した際に、集電箔が溶け落ちて溶断する(レーザ溶接部で集電体と接合されていない集電箔が生じる)場合がある。 When laser welding multiple stacked current collecting foils and a current collector together, it is desirable to reduce the gaps between the current collecting foils in the areas to be welded. If there are gaps between the current collecting foils, the current collecting foils may melt through and cut when irradiated with laser light (resulting in current collecting foils not being joined to the current collector at the laser welded area).
本開示の主な目的は、集電箔の溶断を抑制し得る蓄電デバイスの製造方法を提供することにある。 The main objective of this disclosure is to provide a method for manufacturing an electricity storage device that can prevent melting of the current collecting foil.
ここで開示される蓄電デバイスの製造方法は、複数の積層された正極集電箔と、該積層された正極集電箔に接続された正極集電体とを備える正極と、複数の積層された負極集電箔と、該積層された負極集電箔に接続された負極集電体とを備える負極とを備える蓄電デバイスの製造方法である。該製造方法は、上記正極および上記負極のうちの少なくとも一方の電極において、上記複数の積層された集電箔と上記集電体とを重ね合わせることを含む。また、該製造方法は、YAGまたはY2O3で構成されるレーザ光透過部材を上記重ね合わせた集電箔上に配置することを含む。また、該製造方法は、上記レーザ光透過部材を上記集電体側に向かって押さえながら、レーザ光を上記レーザ光透過部材を通過させて上記重ね合わせた複数の集電箔に照射し、上記重ね合わせた複数の集電箔と上記集電体とを溶接することを含む。
かかる製造方法によれば、レーザ光透過部材を重ね合わせた複数の積層された集電箔に向かって押さえているため、押さえられた複数の積層された集電箔の箔間の隙間を低減することができる。そして、レーザ光透過部材を通過するようにしてレーザ光を照射することで、集電箔の箔間の隙間を低減させた状態を維持したままレーザ溶接を行うことができる。これにより、箔間の隙間が原因で生じ得る集電箔の溶断を抑制することができる。
The disclosed method for manufacturing an electricity storage device includes a positive electrode including a plurality of stacked positive electrode current collector foils and a positive electrode current collector connected to the stacked positive electrode current collector foils, and a negative electrode including a plurality of stacked negative electrode current collector foils and a negative electrode current collector connected to the stacked negative electrode current collector foils. The manufacturing method includes overlapping the plurality of stacked current collector foils and the current collector for at least one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The manufacturing method also includes placing a laser light transmitting member made of YAG or Y2O3 on the overlapped current collector foils. The manufacturing method also includes pressing the laser light transmitting member toward the current collector, and irradiating the overlapped plurality of current collector foils with a laser light passing through the laser light transmitting member, thereby welding the overlapped plurality of current collector foils to the current collector.
According to this manufacturing method, the laser light transmitting member is pressed against the stacked current collecting foils, thereby reducing the gaps between the pressed current collecting foils. Furthermore, by irradiating the current collecting foils with laser light passing through the laser light transmitting member, laser welding can be performed while maintaining the reduced gaps between the current collecting foils. This makes it possible to prevent melting of the current collecting foils, which may occur due to the gaps between the foils.
以下、本技術について詳細に説明する。本明細書において特に言及している事項(例えば、集電箔と集電体とのレーザ溶接方法)以外の事柄であっても本技術の実施に必要な事柄(例えば、蓄電デバイスの組み立て方等)は、当該分野における従来技術に基づく当業者の設計事項として把握され得る。本技術の内容は、本明細書に開示されている内容と当該分野における技術常識とに基づいて実施することができる。 The present technology is described in detail below. Matters necessary for implementing the present technology (e.g., how to assemble an electricity storage device) other than those specifically mentioned in this specification (e.g., a method for laser welding a current collecting foil and a current collector) can be understood as design matters for a person skilled in the art based on prior art in the relevant field. The content of the present technology can be implemented based on the content disclosed in this specification and common technical knowledge in the relevant field.
各図面は模式的に描かれており、寸法関係(長さ、幅、厚み等)は実際の寸法関係を必ずしも反映するものではない。また、以下に説明する図面において、同じ作用を奏する部材、部位には同じ符号を付し、重複する説明は省略または簡略化することがある。
また、本明細書において、数値範囲を「A~B(ここでA、Bは任意の数値)」と記載している場合は、「A以上B以下」を意味すると共に、「Aを超えてB未満」、「Aを超えてB以下」、および「A以上B未満」の意味を包含する。
Each drawing is a schematic drawing, and the dimensional relationships (length, width, thickness, etc.) do not necessarily reflect the actual dimensional relationships. Furthermore, in the drawings described below, the same reference numerals are used to designate components and parts that perform the same functions, and redundant explanations may be omitted or simplified.
Furthermore, in this specification, when a numerical range is described as "A to B (where A and B are any numerical values)," this means "A or more and B or less," and also encompasses the meanings of "greater than A and less than B,""greater than A and B or less," and "greater than A and less than B."
本明細書において「蓄電デバイス」とは、充電と放電とを行うことができるデバイスをいう。蓄電デバイスには、一次電池、二次電池(例えば、リチウムイオン二次電池、ニッケル水素電池)等の電池と、電気二重層キャパシタ等のキャパシタ(物理電池)とが包含される。以下では、ここで開示される製造方法によって製造される蓄電デバイスの一実施形態である非水電解質二次電池について説明する。なお、本技術により製造される蓄電デバイスは非水電解質二次電池に限定されるものではない。 In this specification, the term "energy storage device" refers to a device that can be charged and discharged. Energy storage devices include batteries such as primary batteries and secondary batteries (e.g., lithium-ion secondary batteries and nickel-metal hydride batteries), as well as capacitors (physical batteries) such as electric double-layer capacitors. Below, we will describe a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, which is one embodiment of an energy storage device manufactured by the manufacturing method disclosed herein. Note that energy storage devices manufactured by this technology are not limited to non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries.
図1は、一実施形態に係る非水電解質二次電池100の構成を大まかに示す模式的な断面図である。非水電解質二次電池100は、電極体20と、ケース30と、正極40と、負極板70と、非水電解質(図示せず)とを備える。正極40は、正極端子42と、正極集電体44と、正極板50とを備える。負極60は、負極端子62と、負極集電体64と負極板70とを備える。特に限定されないが、本実施形態では、非水電解質二次電池100はリチウムイオン二次電池である。 Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the general configuration of a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery 100 according to one embodiment. The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery 100 includes an electrode assembly 20, a case 30, a positive electrode 40, a negative electrode plate 70, and a nonaqueous electrolyte (not shown). The positive electrode 40 includes a positive electrode terminal 42, a positive electrode current collector 44, and a positive electrode plate 50. The negative electrode 60 includes a negative electrode terminal 62, a negative electrode current collector 64, and a negative electrode plate 70. Although not particularly limited, in this embodiment, the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery 100 is a lithium-ion secondary battery.
図1に示すように、非水電解質二次電池100は、ケース30の内部に、扁平形状の電極体(捲回電極体)20と、非水電解質(図示せず)とが収容されて構築される角形の密閉型電池である。ケース30は、開口を有するケース本体32と、該開口を封止する封口部材34とを備える。封口部材34は、ここでは板状である。封口部材34には、外部接続用の正極端子42および負極端子62が備えられている。また、封口部材34には、ケース30の内圧が所定レベル以上に上昇した場合に該内圧を開放するように設定された薄肉の安全弁36が設けられている。さらに、ケース30には、非水電解質を注入するための注入口(図示せず)が設けられている。ケース30の材質は、高強度であり軽量で熱伝導性が良い金属材料であることが好ましい。このような金属材料として、例えば、アルミニウムやスチール等が挙げられる。 As shown in FIG. 1 , the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery 100 is a rectangular sealed battery constructed by housing a flat electrode assembly (wound electrode assembly) 20 and a nonaqueous electrolyte (not shown) inside a case 30. The case 30 includes a case body 32 with an opening and a sealing member 34 that seals the opening. In this example, the sealing member 34 is plate-shaped. The sealing member 34 is provided with a positive electrode terminal 42 and a negative electrode terminal 62 for external connection. The sealing member 34 also includes a thin-walled safety valve 36 that is designed to release internal pressure in the case 30 if the internal pressure rises above a predetermined level. The case 30 also includes an injection port (not shown) for injecting the nonaqueous electrolyte. The case 30 is preferably made of a metal material that is high in strength, lightweight, and has good thermal conductivity. Examples of such metal materials include aluminum and steel.
図2は、一実施形態に係る非水電解質二次電池100の電極体20の構成を模式的に示す分解図である。図2においては、電極体20は、長尺シート状の正極板50と、長尺シート状の負極板70とが、2枚の長尺シート状のセパレータ80を介してそれぞれの長手方向が揃うようにして積層され、捲回軸WLを中心として捲回された捲回電極体である。正極板50は、正極集電箔52と、該正極集電箔52の片面または両面(ここでは両面)において長手方向に配置された正極活物質層54とを備えている。正極集電箔52の捲回軸WL方向(即ち、長手方向に直交するシート幅方向)の一方の縁部には、該縁部に沿って帯状に正極活物質層54が形成されずに正極集電箔52が露出した部分(即ち、正極集電箔露出部52a)が設けられている。負極板70は、負極集電箔72と、該負極集電箔72の片面または両面(ここでは両面)において長手方向に配置された負極活物質層74とを備えている。負極集電箔72の捲回軸WL方向の他方の縁部(即ち、正極集電箔露出部52aとは反対側の縁部)には、該縁部に沿って帯状に負極活物質層74が形成されずに負極集電箔72が露出した部分(即ち、負極集電箔露出部72a)が設けられている。 FIG. 2 is an exploded view schematically illustrating the configuration of an electrode assembly 20 of a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery 100 according to one embodiment. In FIG. 2, the electrode assembly 20 is a wound electrode assembly in which a long sheet-shaped positive electrode plate 50 and a long sheet-shaped negative electrode plate 70 are stacked with their longitudinal directions aligned via two long sheet-shaped separators 80 interposed therebetween, and then wound around a winding axis WL. The positive electrode plate 50 includes a positive electrode current collector foil 52 and a positive electrode active material layer 54 disposed longitudinally on one or both sides (both sides in this case) of the positive electrode current collector foil 52. One edge of the positive electrode current collector foil 52 in the direction of the winding axis WL (i.e., the sheet width direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction) is provided with a strip-shaped portion (i.e., a positive electrode current collector foil exposed portion 52a) where the positive electrode active material layer 54 is not formed along the edge. The negative electrode plate 70 includes a negative electrode current collector foil 72 and a negative electrode active material layer 74 arranged in the longitudinal direction on one or both sides (here, both sides) of the negative electrode current collector foil 72. The other edge of the negative electrode current collector foil 72 in the winding axis WL direction (i.e., the edge opposite the positive electrode current collector foil exposed portion 52a) has a strip-shaped portion along the edge where the negative electrode active material layer 74 is not formed and the negative electrode current collector foil 72 is exposed (i.e., negative electrode current collector foil exposed portion 72a).
捲回された正極集電箔52は、電極体20の厚み方向において、正極集電箔露出部52aが複数積層されている。複数の積層された正極集電箔露出部52aは、正極集電体44とレーザ溶接により接合されている(後述の図4に示すレーザ溶接部90が設けられている)。また、捲回された負極集電箔72は、電極体20の厚み方向において、負極集電箔露出部72aが複数積層されている。複数の積層された負極集電箔露出部72aは、負極集電体64とレーザ溶接により接合されている(即ち、レーザ溶接部が設けられている)。正極集電体44は、外部接続用の正極端子42と電気的に接続されており、ケース30の内部と外部との導通を実現している(図1参照)。同様に、負極集電体64は、外部接続用の負極端子62と電気的に接続されており、ケース30の内部と外部との導通を実現している(図1参照)。なお、正極集電箔露出部52a及び/又は負極集電箔露出部72aはタブ状であってもよく、かかるタブが複数積層されていてもよい。タブの形状は特に限定されず、例えば、平面視において、台形状、矩形状等であり得る。 The wound positive current collector foil 52 has multiple stacked positive current collector foil exposed portions 52a in the thickness direction of the electrode body 20. The multiple stacked positive current collector foil exposed portions 52a are joined to the positive current collector 44 by laser welding (i.e., a laser weld 90 is provided, as shown in FIG. 4 , which will be described later). The wound negative current collector foil 72 has multiple stacked negative current collector foil exposed portions 72a in the thickness direction of the electrode body 20. The multiple stacked negative current collector foil exposed portions 72a are joined to the negative current collector 64 by laser welding (i.e., a laser weld is provided). The positive current collector 44 is electrically connected to the positive terminal 42 for external connection, providing electrical continuity between the inside and outside of the case 30 (see FIG. 1). Similarly, the negative current collector 64 is electrically connected to the negative terminal 62 for external connection, providing electrical continuity between the inside and outside of the case 30 (see FIG. 1). The positive electrode current collector foil exposed portion 52a and/or the negative electrode current collector foil exposed portion 72a may be tab-shaped, or multiple such tabs may be stacked. The shape of the tab is not particularly limited and may be, for example, trapezoidal, rectangular, etc. in plan view.
正極集電体44は、正極集電箔露出部52aと接合されるレーザ溶接部が設けられる部分が板状であることが好ましい。また、正極集電体44全体が板状であってもよい。正極集電体44の正極集電箔露出部52aと接合される部分の厚みは、例えば0.5mm~3mmであり得る。
負極集電体64は、負極集電箔露出部72aと接合されるレーザ溶接部が設けられる部分が板状であることが好ましい。また、負極集電体64全体が板状であってもよい。例えば板状であり得る。負極集電体64の負極集電箔露出部72aと接合される部分の厚みは、例えば0.5mm~3mmであり得る。
The portion of the positive electrode current collector 44 where the laser welded portion to be joined to the positive electrode current collector foil exposed portion 52a is provided is preferably plate-shaped. Alternatively, the entire positive electrode current collector 44 may be plate-shaped. The thickness of the portion of the positive electrode current collector 44 joined to the positive electrode current collector foil exposed portion 52a may be, for example, 0.5 mm to 3 mm.
The negative electrode current collector 64 preferably has a plate-like portion at which a laser welded portion that is joined to the negative electrode current collector foil exposed portion 72a is provided. The entire negative electrode current collector 64 may also be plate-like. For example, it may be plate-like. The thickness of the portion of the negative electrode current collector 64 that is joined to the negative electrode current collector foil exposed portion 72a may be, for example, 0.5 mm to 3 mm.
正極端子42と封口部材34との間には、正極端子42と封口部材34との絶縁をするための絶縁部材(図示せず)が配置され得る。絶縁部材は、例えば電気絶縁性を有する樹脂部材によって構成される。かかる樹脂としては、例えば、ポリプロピレン(PP)等のポリオレフィン樹脂、パーフルオロアルコキシエチレン共重合体(PFA)、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)等のフッ素化樹脂や、ポリフェニレンサルファイド(PPS)等が挙げられる。また、負極端子62と封口部材34との間、正極集電体44と封口部材34との間、負極集電体64と封口部材34との間にも上記絶縁部材が配置されてもよい。 An insulating member (not shown) may be disposed between the positive electrode terminal 42 and the sealing member 34 to insulate the positive electrode terminal 42 from the sealing member 34. The insulating member may be made of, for example, an electrically insulating resin material. Examples of such resins include polyolefin resins such as polypropylene (PP), fluorinated resins such as perfluoroalkoxyethylene copolymer (PFA) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and polyphenylene sulfide (PPS). The above-mentioned insulating members may also be disposed between the negative electrode terminal 62 and the sealing member 34, between the positive electrode current collector 44 and the sealing member 34, and between the negative electrode current collector 64 and the sealing member 34.
正極集電箔52としては、例えば、アルミニウム箔等が挙げられる。正極集電箔52の厚みは、例えば5μm~20μmであり得る。正極活物質層54は正極活物質を含む。正極活物質としては、リチウムイオン二次電池に用いられる公知の正極活物質を用いてよく、例えば層状構造、スピネル構造、オリビン構造等を有するリチウム複合金属酸化物(例えば、LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2、LiNiO2、LiCoO2、LiFeO2、LiMn2O4、LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4,LiCrMnO4、LiFePO4等)が挙げられる。また、正極活物質層54は、導電材、バインダ等を含んでいてもよい。導電材としては、例えばアセチレンブラック(AB)等のカーボンブラックやその他(グラファイト等)の炭素材料を好適に使用し得る。バインダとしては、例えばポリフッ化ビニリデン(PVDF)等を使用し得る。
正極活物質層54は、正極活物質と、必要に応じて用いられる材料(導電材、バインダ等)とを適当な溶媒(例えばN-メチル-2-ピロリドン:NMP)に分散させ、ペースト状(またはスラリー状)の組成物(正極合剤ペースト)を調製し、該組成物の適当量を正極集電箔52の表面に塗工し、乾燥することによって形成することができる。
The positive electrode current collector foil 52 may be, for example, aluminum foil. The thickness of the positive electrode current collector foil 52 may be, for example, 5 μm to 20 μm. The positive electrode active material layer 54 includes a positive electrode active material. As the positive electrode active material, a known positive electrode active material used in lithium ion secondary batteries may be used, for example, a lithium composite metal oxide having a layered structure, a spinel structure, an olivine structure, or the like (e.g., LiNi 1/3 Co 1/3 Mn 1/3 O 2 , LiNiO 2 , LiCoO 2 , LiFeO 2 , LiMn 2 O 4 , LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 , LiCrMnO 4 , LiFePO 4 , etc.). The positive electrode active material layer 54 may also include a conductive material, a binder, etc. As the conductive material, for example, carbon black such as acetylene black (AB) or other carbon materials (such as graphite) can be suitably used. As the binder, for example, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) can be used.
The positive electrode active material layer 54 can be formed by dispersing the positive electrode active material and materials (such as a conductive material and a binder) used as needed in an appropriate solvent (for example, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone: NMP) to prepare a paste-like (or slurry-like) composition (positive electrode mixture paste), applying an appropriate amount of the composition to the surface of the positive electrode current collector foil 52, and drying the composition.
負極集電箔72としては、例えば、銅箔等が挙げられる。負極集電箔72の厚みは、例えば5μm~20μmであり得る。負極活物質層74は、負極活物質を含む。負極活物質としては、例えば黒鉛、ハードカーボン、ソフトカーボン等の炭素材料を使用し得る。また、負極活物質層74は、バインダ、増粘剤等をさらに含んでいてもよい。バインダとしては、例えばスチレンブタジエンゴム(SBR)等を使用し得る。増粘剤としては、例えばカルボキシメチルセルロース(CMC)等を使用し得る。
負極活物質層74は、例えば、負極活物質と必要に応じて用いられる材料(バインダ等)とを適当な溶媒(例えばイオン交換水)に分散させ、ペースト状(またはスラリー状)の組成物を調製し、該組成物の適当量を負極集電箔72の表面に塗工し、乾燥することによって形成することができる。
The negative electrode current collector foil 72 may be, for example, a copper foil. The thickness of the negative electrode current collector foil 72 may be, for example, 5 μm to 20 μm. The negative electrode active material layer 74 includes a negative electrode active material. As the negative electrode active material, for example, a carbon material such as graphite, hard carbon, or soft carbon may be used. The negative electrode active material layer 74 may further include a binder, a thickener, or the like. As the binder, for example, styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) or the like may be used. As the thickener, for example, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) or the like may be used.
The negative electrode active material layer 74 can be formed, for example, by dispersing the negative electrode active material and a material (such as a binder) used as needed in an appropriate solvent (such as ion-exchanged water) to prepare a paste-like (or slurry-like) composition, applying an appropriate amount of the composition to the surface of the negative electrode current collector foil 72, and drying the composition.
セパレータ80としては、従来と同様の各種微多孔質シートを用いることができ、例えば、ポリエチレン(PE)、ポリプロピレン(PP)等の樹脂から成る微多孔質樹脂シートが挙げられる。かかる微多孔質樹脂シートは、単層構造であってもよく、二層以上の複層構造(例えば、PE層の両面にPP層が積層された三層構造)であってもよい。また、セパレータ80は、耐熱層(HRL)を備えていてもよい。 The separator 80 can be made of various conventional microporous sheets, such as microporous resin sheets made of resins such as polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP). Such microporous resin sheets may have a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure of two or more layers (for example, a three-layer structure in which PP layers are laminated on both sides of a PE layer). The separator 80 may also have a heat-resistant layer (HRL).
非水電解質は従来と同様のものを使用可能であり、例えば、有機溶媒(非水溶媒)中に、支持塩を含有させた非水電解液を用いることができる。非水溶媒としては、カーボネート類、エステル類、エーテル類等の非プロトン性溶媒を用いることができる。なかでも、カーボネート類、例えば、エチレンカーボネート(EC)、ジエチルカーボネート(DEC)、ジメチルカーボネート(DMC)、エチルメチルカーボネート(EMC)等を好適に採用し得る。あるいは、モノフルオロエチレンカーボネート(MFEC)、ジフルオロエチレンカーボネート(DFEC)、モノフルオロメチルジフルオロメチルカーボネート(F-DMC)、トリフルオロジメチルカーボネート(TFDMC)のようなフッ素化カーボネート等のフッ素系溶媒を好ましく用いることができる。このような非水溶媒は、1種を単独で、あるいは2種以上を適宜組み合わせて用いることができる。支持塩としては、例えば、LiPF6、LiBF4、LiClO4等のリチウム塩を好適に用いることができる。支持塩の濃度は、特に限定されるものではないが、0.7mol/L以上1.3mol/L以下程度が好ましい。
なお、上記非水電解質は、本技術の効果を著しく損なわない限りにおいて、上述した非水溶媒、支持塩以外の成分を含んでいてもよく、例えば、ガス発生剤、被膜形成剤、分散剤、増粘剤等の各種添加剤を含み得る。
The nonaqueous electrolyte can be the same as conventional ones, and for example, a nonaqueous electrolyte solution containing a supporting salt in an organic solvent (nonaqueous solvent) can be used. As the nonaqueous solvent, aprotic solvents such as carbonates, esters, ethers, etc. can be used. Among them, carbonates, such as ethylene carbonate (EC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), etc., can be preferably used. Alternatively, fluorine-based solvents such as fluorinated carbonates, such as monofluoroethylene carbonate (MFEC), difluoroethylene carbonate (DFEC), monofluoromethyl difluoromethyl carbonate (F-DMC), and trifluorodimethyl carbonate (TFDMC), can be preferably used. Such nonaqueous solvents can be used alone or in appropriate combinations of two or more. As the supporting salt, for example, lithium salts such as LiPF 6 , LiBF 4 , and LiClO 4 can be preferably used. The concentration of the supporting electrolyte is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 0.7 mol/L or more and 1.3 mol/L or less.
The nonaqueous electrolyte may contain components other than the nonaqueous solvent and supporting salt described above, as long as the effects of the present technology are not significantly impaired. For example, the nonaqueous electrolyte may contain various additives such as a gas generating agent, a film-forming agent, a dispersant, and a thickener.
非水電解質二次電池100等の蓄電デバイスは、各種用途に利用可能であるが、例えば、乗用車、トラック等の車両に搭載されるモータ用の動力源(駆動用電源)として好適に用いることができる。車両の種類は特に限定されないが、例えば、プラグインハイブリッド自動車(Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV))、ハイブリッド自動車(Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV))、電気自動車(Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV))等が挙げられる。 Electricity storage devices such as the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery 100 can be used for a variety of purposes, but are particularly suitable as power sources (driving power sources) for motors installed in vehicles such as passenger cars and trucks. There are no particular limitations on the type of vehicle, but examples include plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), and battery electric vehicles (BEVs).
また、ここに開示される蓄電デバイスの形状は角形に限定されず、コイン型、ボタン型、円筒型等であってよい。また、ラミネートケースを備える蓄電デバイスとして構成することもできる。また、ここに開示される蓄電デバイスは、非水電解液の代わりにポリマー電解質を用いたポリマー電池や、固体電解質を用いた全固体電池等であり得る。 Furthermore, the shape of the electricity storage device disclosed herein is not limited to a rectangular shape, and may be a coin shape, a button shape, a cylindrical shape, or the like. It may also be configured as an electricity storage device with a laminated case. Furthermore, the electricity storage device disclosed herein may be a polymer battery using a polymer electrolyte instead of a nonaqueous electrolyte, an all-solid-state battery using a solid electrolyte, or the like.
以下、ここで開示される蓄電デバイスの製造方法について説明する。ここで開示される製造方法は、正極または負極の集電箔と集電体とレーザ光透過部材とを該集電箔の上に配置することを含む重ね合わせ工程と、上記レーザ光透過部材を上記集電体側に向かって押さえながら、レーザ光を上記レーザ光透過部材を通過させて集電箔に照射し、集電箔と集電体とをレーザ溶接する溶接工程とを含む。また、ここで開示される製造方法は、溶接工程の他に、例えば、準備工程、組立工程、収容工程、封口工程、注液工程等を必要に応じ、任意の順番で含んでいてもよい。 The manufacturing method for the electricity storage device disclosed herein is described below. The manufacturing method disclosed herein includes an overlapping step, which involves placing a positive or negative electrode current collector foil, a current collector, and a laser light transparent member on top of the current collector foil, and a welding step, which involves pressing the laser light transparent member toward the current collector and irradiating the current collector foil with laser light passing through the laser light transparent member, thereby laser welding the current collector foil and the current collector. In addition to the welding step, the manufacturing method disclosed herein may also include, for example, a preparation step, an assembly step, a housing step, a sealing step, a liquid injection step, and the like, in any order as needed.
ここで開示される製造方法は、レーザ光透過部材を重ね合わせた複数の積層された集電箔に向かって押さえているため、押さえられた複数の積層された集電箔の箔間の隙間を低減することができる。そして、レーザ光透過部材を通過するようにしてレーザ光を照射することで、集電箔の箔間の隙間を低減させた状態を維持したままレーザ溶接を行うことができる。これにより、箔間の隙間が原因で生じ得る集電箔の溶断を抑制することができる。 The manufacturing method disclosed here presses a laser light transparent member against multiple overlapping stacked current collecting foils, thereby reducing the gaps between the pressed multiple stacked current collecting foils. Then, by irradiating the laser light so that it passes through the laser light transparent member, laser welding can be performed while maintaining the reduced gaps between the current collecting foils. This makes it possible to prevent melting of the current collecting foils, which can occur due to gaps between the foils.
以下、ここで開示される製造方法の一実施形態について説明する。 One embodiment of the manufacturing method disclosed herein is described below.
準備工程では、例えば、電極体を準備する。電極体は、上述した電極体20のような捲回電極体であっても、複数の正極板と、複数の負極板とがセパレータを介して交互に積層された電極体である積層電極体であってもよい。ここでは、上述した電極体20を例に説明する。電極体20は、従来公知の手順で作製することができる。 In the preparation step, for example, an electrode body is prepared. The electrode body may be a wound electrode body like the electrode body 20 described above, or a laminated electrode body in which multiple positive electrode plates and multiple negative electrode plates are alternately stacked with separators interposed between them. Here, the electrode body 20 described above will be used as an example. The electrode body 20 can be produced using conventionally known procedures.
重ね合わせ工程は、正極40および負極60のうちの少なくとも一方の電極において、電極体20が備える複数の積層された集電箔(集電箔露出部)と集電体とを重ね合わせること、および、レーザ光透過部材を上記重ね合わせた複数の集電箔上に配置すること、を含む。ここでは、正極40を例に説明する。 The overlapping process includes overlapping the current collector with multiple stacked current collector foils (exposed current collector foil portions) of the electrode body 20 on at least one of the positive electrode 40 and negative electrode 60, and placing a laser light-transmitting member on the multiple stacked current collector foils. Here, the positive electrode 40 will be used as an example.
図3は、一実施形態に係るレーザ溶接方法を模式的に示す側面図である。図3では、説明の便宜上、正極集電箔52(正極集電箔露出部52a)と正極集電体44以外の蓄電デバイスの部材を省略している(後述の図4において同じ)。本実施形態では、図3に示すように、正極集電体44の表面44aの上に、電極体20の端部に位置する複数の積層された正極集電箔52(詳細には正極集電箔露出部52a)を重ね合わせる。積層された正極集電箔52の数は特に限定されないが、例えば10~120枚、又は20~100枚程度であり得る。限定されるものではないが、正極集電箔52の積層方向は、鉛直方向に沿っていることが好ましい。これにより、重力により正極集電箔52の箔間の隙間が低減され易くなる。 Figure 3 is a side view schematically illustrating a laser welding method according to one embodiment. For ease of explanation, Figure 3 omits components of the electricity storage device other than the positive current collector foil 52 (positive current collector foil exposed portion 52a) and the positive current collector 44 (the same applies to Figure 4 described below). In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 3 , multiple stacked positive current collector foils 52 (specifically, the positive current collector foil exposed portion 52a) located at the end of the electrode body 20 are superimposed on the surface 44a of the positive current collector 44. The number of stacked positive current collector foils 52 is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, approximately 10 to 120 sheets, or approximately 20 to 100 sheets. Although not limited, the stacking direction of the positive current collector foils 52 is preferably vertical. This makes it easier for gravity to reduce the gaps between the positive current collector foils 52.
次に、レーザ光透過部材200を上記重ね合わせた正極集電箔52の上(最上面)に配置する。換言すれば、レーザ光透過部材200と正極集電体44とにより、複数の積層された正極集電箔52を挟み込む。このとき、レーザ光透過部材200が正極集電箔52の溶接予定部分400(レーザ照射予定部分)を覆うように配置する。正極集電箔52の溶接予定部分400のシワを伸ばしてから、レーザ光透過部材200を配置することが好ましい。これにより、積層された正極集電箔52間の空隙が減少し、レーザ溶接時の溶断が抑制される。 Next, the laser light transmitting member 200 is placed on top of the stacked positive electrode current collector foils 52 (on the top surface). In other words, the multiple stacked positive electrode current collector foils 52 are sandwiched between the laser light transmitting member 200 and the positive electrode current collector 44. At this time, the laser light transmitting member 200 is placed so as to cover the intended welding portion 400 (the portion to be irradiated with laser) of the positive electrode current collector foil 52. It is preferable to smooth out any wrinkles in the intended welding portion 400 of the positive electrode current collector foil 52 before placing the laser light transmitting member 200. This reduces the gap between the stacked positive electrode current collector foils 52 and suppresses melting during laser welding.
レーザ光透過部材200は、平面視において、中心またはその近傍に正極集電箔52の溶接予定部分400が位置するように配置することが好ましい。これにより、溶接予定部分400の周囲をレーザ光透過部材200により押圧することができ、溶接予定部分400付近の正極集電箔間の隙間が低減され得る。 The laser light transmitting member 200 is preferably positioned so that the to-be-welded portion 400 of the positive current collecting foil 52 is located at or near the center in a plan view. This allows the laser light transmitting member 200 to press against the periphery of the to-be-welded portion 400, thereby reducing the gap between the positive current collecting foils near the to-be-welded portion 400.
レーザ光透過部材200の形状は特に限定されないが、ここではプレート状である。レーザ光透過部材200は、平面視において、円形状、楕円状、矩形状、多角形状でありうる。レーザ光透過部材200がプレート状であることで、レーザ光透過部材200を正極集電箔52に向かって押さえた際に、正極集電箔52をより均一な力で押さることができるため、箔間の隙間をより均一に低減することができる。なお、レーザ光透過部材200の大きさは、正極集電箔52の溶接予定部分400を覆うことができれば特に限定されない。 The shape of the laser light transmitting member 200 is not particularly limited, but here it is plate-shaped. The laser light transmitting member 200 can be circular, elliptical, rectangular, or polygonal in plan view. By having the laser light transmitting member 200 be plate-shaped, when the laser light transmitting member 200 is pressed against the positive current collector foil 52, the positive current collector foil 52 can be pressed with a more uniform force, thereby more uniformly reducing the gap between the foils. The size of the laser light transmitting member 200 is not particularly limited as long as it can cover the intended welding portion 400 of the positive current collector foil 52.
レーザ光透過部材200のレーザ光Lが通過する部分の厚みは、例えば、5mm以下であるとよく、好ましくは4mm以下、より好ましくは3mm以下、さらに好ましくは2mm以下である。レーザ光Lがレーザ光透過部材200を通過する距離が短いほど、レーザ光Lの拡散が抑えられ、レーザ溶接の精度が向上し得る。また、レーザ光透過部材200のレーザ光Lが通過する部分の厚みは、例えば、0.2mm以上であるとよく、好ましくは0.5mm以上、より好ましくは0.8mm以上、さらに好ましくは1mm以上である。レーザ光透過部材200の厚みが小さすぎると強度が不十分になり得る。なお、レーザ光透過部材200のレーザ光Lが通過する部分の厚みは、例えば、複数の積層された正極集電箔52の積層方向における厚みであり得る。 The thickness of the portion of the laser light transmitting member 200 through which the laser light L passes may be, for example, 5 mm or less, preferably 4 mm or less, more preferably 3 mm or less, and even more preferably 2 mm or less. The shorter the distance that the laser light L passes through the laser light transmitting member 200, the more the diffusion of the laser light L is suppressed, and the more accurate the laser welding may be. The thickness of the portion of the laser light transmitting member 200 through which the laser light L passes may be, for example, 0.2 mm or more, preferably 0.5 mm or more, more preferably 0.8 mm or more, and even more preferably 1 mm or more. If the thickness of the laser light transmitting member 200 is too small, the strength may be insufficient. The thickness of the portion of the laser light transmitting member 200 through which the laser light L passes may be, for example, the thickness in the stacking direction of the multiple stacked positive electrode current collecting foils 52.
レーザ光透過部材200は、レーザ溶接に用いられるレーザ光Lを透過できる材料によって構成され得る。レーザ光透過部材200は、例えば透明であり得る。レーザ光透過部材200のレーザ光波長の透過率は、例えば、70%以上であって、好ましくは75%以上、より好ましくは80%以上である。レーザ光透過部材200のレーザ光波長の透過率が高いほど、レーザ光Lが正極集電箔52の溶接予定部分400に精度よく到達するため、レーザ溶接精度が向上する。レーザ光波長は、使用するレーザ光の波長に合わせて測定すればよく、例えば、900nm~1200nm(例えば、1070nm)のレーザ光波長に対する透過率であり得る。
なお、本明細書において、レーザ光波長の透過率は、レーザ光を所定の時間パワーメータに照射したときにパワーメータで測定されるエネルギーを100%としたとき、厚み2mmの試験片に当該厚み方向からレーザ光透過部材を通過させてパワーメータに照射したときにパワーメータで測定されるエネルギーの比率として算出される。
The laser light transmitting member 200 may be made of a material that can transmit the laser light L used in laser welding. The laser light transmitting member 200 may be, for example, transparent. The transmittance of the laser light wavelength of the laser light transmitting member 200 is, for example, 70% or more, preferably 75% or more, and more preferably 80% or more. The higher the transmittance of the laser light wavelength of the laser light transmitting member 200, the more accurately the laser light L reaches the to-be-welded portion 400 of the positive electrode current collecting foil 52, thereby improving the laser welding accuracy. The laser light wavelength may be measured according to the wavelength of the laser light to be used, and may be, for example, the transmittance for a laser light wavelength of 900 nm to 1200 nm (e.g., 1070 nm).
In this specification, the transmittance of a laser light wavelength is calculated as the ratio of the energy measured by a power meter when a laser beam is passed through a laser beam transmitting member in the thickness direction of a test piece having a thickness of 2 mm and irradiated onto the power meter, where the energy measured by the power meter when the laser beam is irradiated onto the power meter for a predetermined time is taken as 100%.
レーザ光透過部材200は、集電箔と集電体とのレーザ溶接時に発生する熱に耐え得る材料によって構成されることが好ましい。換言すれば、レーザ光透過部材200は、集電箔の融点よりも高い融点を有した材料で構成されることが好ましい。レーザ光透過部材200の融点は、例えば、800℃以上であって、1200℃以上、1600℃以上、1700℃以上、1800℃以上、1900℃以上、2000℃以上、2100℃以上、2200℃以上、2300℃以上、または2400℃以上であり得る。 The laser light transmitting member 200 is preferably made of a material that can withstand the heat generated during laser welding of the current collecting foil and the current collector. In other words, the laser light transmitting member 200 is preferably made of a material that has a melting point higher than that of the current collecting foil. The melting point of the laser light transmitting member 200 is, for example, 800°C or higher, and may be 1200°C or higher, 1600°C or higher, 1700°C or higher, 1800°C or higher, 1900°C or higher, 2000°C or higher, 2100°C or higher, 2200°C or higher, 2300°C or higher, or 2400°C or higher.
レーザ光透過部材200を構成する材料としては、例えば、YAG(アルミン酸イットリウム、融点:約1970℃)、Y2O3(酸化イットリウム、融点:約2425℃)、サファイア(融点:約2040℃)、石英ガラス(融点:約1723℃)等が挙げられる。この中でも、YAGまたはY2O3で構成されていることが好ましい。YAG、Y2O3は上記例示の中で比較的密度が高い。例えば、レーザ光透過部材200がYAGまたはY2O3で構成されている場合、密度が4g/cm3以上、好ましくは4.5g/cm3以上、より好ましくは5g/cm3以上であり得る。これにより、例えば、鉛直方向に沿ってレーザ光透過部材200、複数の正極集電箔52、および正極集電体44を配置した場合に、レーザ光透過部材200の自重により、複数の正極集電箔52の箔間の隙間を低減し易くなる。
なお、上述したレーザ光透過部材200を構成し得る材料は、レーザ光透過部材200を主要に構成する成分であればよく、例えば、他の元素がドープされたものを含み得る。ドープされる元素の割合は、例えば、全体の5mol%以下、3mol%以下、または1mol%以下であり得る。
Examples of materials that can be used to form laser light transmitting member 200 include YAG (yttrium aluminate, melting point: approximately 1970°C), Y2O3 (yttrium oxide, melting point: approximately 2425°C), sapphire (melting point: approximately 2040°C), and quartz glass (melting point: approximately 1723°C). Among these, YAG or Y2O3 is preferable. Among the above examples , YAG and Y2O3 have a relatively high density. For example, when laser light transmitting member 200 is made of YAG or Y2O3 , the density can be 4 g/ cm3 or more , preferably 4.5 g/cm3 or more , and more preferably 5 g/cm3 or more . As a result, for example, when the laser light transmitting member 200, the plurality of positive electrode current collecting foils 52, and the positive electrode current collector 44 are arranged along the vertical direction, the weight of the laser light transmitting member 200 makes it easier to reduce the gaps between the foils of the plurality of positive electrode current collecting foils 52.
The material that can constitute laser beam transmitting member 200 described above may be any material that is a main component of laser beam transmitting member 200, and may include, for example, a material doped with another element. The proportion of the doped element may be, for example, 5 mol % or less, 3 mol % or less, or 1 mol % or less of the total.
溶接工程は、レーザ光透過部材200を正極集電体44側に向かって押さえることを含む。これにより、レーザ光透過部材200と正極集電体44との間に配置される複数の積層された正極集電箔52における箔間の隙間を低減させることができる。 The welding process involves pressing the laser light transmitting member 200 toward the positive electrode current collector 44. This reduces the gaps between the multiple laminated positive electrode current collector foils 52 arranged between the laser light transmitting member 200 and the positive electrode current collector 44.
レーザ光透過部材200を押さえる方法は特に限定されない。本実施形態では、図3に示すように治具300を用いてレーザ光透過部材200を押さえている。治具300は、下板310と、上板320と、加圧制御部330とを備える。ここでは、下板310の上に正極集電体44が配置され、当該正極集電体44の上に複数の積層された正極集電箔52が配置され、当該正極集電箔52の上にレーザ光透過部材200が配置されている。下板310と上板320との間には正極集電体44と、複数の積層された正極集電箔52と、レーザ光透過部材200とが配置されている。上板320はレーザ光透過部材200の上面と接触している。上板320は、レーザ光透過部材200の上面のうち、レーザ光Lを通過させる部分には配置されていない。 The method for holding the laser light transmitting member 200 is not particularly limited. In this embodiment, the laser light transmitting member 200 is held using a jig 300 as shown in FIG. 3. The jig 300 includes a lower plate 310, an upper plate 320, and a pressure control unit 330. Here, a positive electrode current collector 44 is disposed on the lower plate 310, multiple stacked positive electrode current collector foils 52 are disposed on the positive electrode current collector 44, and the laser light transmitting member 200 is disposed on the positive electrode current collector foil 52. The positive electrode current collector 44, multiple stacked positive electrode current collector foils 52, and the laser light transmitting member 200 are disposed between the lower plate 310 and the upper plate 320. The upper plate 320 is in contact with the upper surface of the laser light transmitting member 200. The upper plate 320 is not disposed on the portion of the upper surface of the laser light transmitting member 200 that passes through the laser light L.
加圧制御部330は、下板310と上板320との距離を調節する部分である。ここでは、加圧制御部330は、上板320を下板310側に向かって移動できるように構成されている。上板320を下板310に移動させることで、上板320がレーザ光透過部材200を正極集電体44側に向かって押さえることができる。 The pressure control unit 330 adjusts the distance between the lower plate 310 and the upper plate 320. Here, the pressure control unit 330 is configured to move the upper plate 320 toward the lower plate 310. By moving the upper plate 320 toward the lower plate 310, the upper plate 320 can press the laser light transmitting member 200 toward the positive electrode current collector 44.
レーザ光透過部材200を押さえることで、正極集電箔52の溶接予定部分400の積層方向において正極集電箔52間の隙間が実質的になくなることが好ましい。例えば、複数の積層された正極集電箔52の厚みの合計(正極集電箔52の1枚あたりの厚み×積層されている枚数)を100%としたとき、レーザ光透過部材200を押さえているときの溶接予定部分における正極集電箔52の積層方向の厚みが110%以下であるとよく、105%以下が好ましく、100%以下であることがより好ましい。これにより、レーザ溶接時の集電箔の溶断が抑制される。なお、レーザ光透過部材200を押さえているときの溶接予定部分における正極集電箔52の積層方向の厚みの下限は特に限定されず、レーザ光透過部材200の押圧により集電箔が破断しなければよい。正極集電箔52は金属製であるため、元の厚さよりも薄くなる場合があるため、かかる下限は、例えば、90%以上、または95%以上であり得る。 It is preferable that by holding down the laser light transmitting member 200, gaps between the positive current collecting foils 52 in the stacking direction of the intended welding portion 400 of the positive current collecting foil 52 are substantially eliminated. For example, when the total thickness of multiple stacked positive current collecting foils 52 (thickness per positive current collecting foil 52 x number of stacked foils) is taken as 100%, the thickness of the positive current collecting foil 52 in the intended welding direction when the laser light transmitting member 200 is being held down should be 110% or less, preferably 105% or less, and more preferably 100% or less. This prevents the current collecting foil from melting during laser welding. Note that there is no particular lower limit to the thickness of the positive current collecting foil 52 in the intended welding portion when the laser light transmitting member 200 is being held down in the stacking direction, as long as the current collecting foil does not break due to the pressure of the laser light transmitting member 200. Because the positive electrode current collector foil 52 is made of metal, it may become thinner than its original thickness, so this lower limit may be, for example, 90% or more, or 95% or more.
レーザ光透過部材200を正極集電体44に向かって押さえる(加圧する)圧力は、特に限定されないが、例えば、10N~200Nであって、好ましくは100N~200Nである。 The pressure with which the laser light transmitting member 200 is pressed (applied) toward the positive electrode current collector 44 is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 10 N to 200 N, and preferably 100 N to 200 N.
次に、レーザ光透過部材200を正極集電体44側に向かって押さえながら、レーザ光Lを正極集電箔52の溶接予定部分400に向かって照射する。溶接予定部分400はレーザ光透過部材200に覆われているため、レーザ光Lはレーザ光透過部材200を通過する。レーザ光Lは、例えば、レーザ光透過部材200の厚み方向から照射することが好ましい。 Next, while pressing the laser light transmitting member 200 toward the positive electrode current collector 44, laser light L is irradiated toward the portion 400 of the positive electrode current collector foil 52 to be welded. Because the portion 400 to be welded is covered by the laser light transmitting member 200, the laser light L passes through the laser light transmitting member 200. It is preferable to irradiate the laser light L, for example, from the thickness direction of the laser light transmitting member 200.
レーザ光Lの種類は、特に限定されず、集電箔と集電体との構成材料に応じて適宜選択されうる。レーザ光Lの種類としては、YAGレーザ、CO2レーザ、半導体レーザ、ディスクレーザ、ファイバーレーザ等が挙げられる。レーザ光Lの照射径は、例えば、0.5mm~1.0mmに設定され得る。
レーザ光Lの照射径、出力、照射時間等の諸条件は、例えば、レーザ溶接に供する集電箔及び集電体の材質、集電箔の積層数等によって適宜設定されうる。
The type of laser beam L is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the constituent materials of the current collecting foil and the current collector. Examples of the type of laser beam L include a YAG laser, a CO2 laser, a semiconductor laser, a disk laser, and a fiber laser. The irradiation diameter of the laser beam L can be set to, for example, 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm.
The conditions of the laser beam L, such as the irradiation diameter, output, and irradiation time, can be set appropriately depending on, for example, the materials of the current collecting foil and current collector to be laser welded, the number of layers of current collecting foil, and the like.
レーザ光Lは、正極集電箔52の表面の一点に対して照射してもよいが、二点以上の複数箇所に照射してもよい。即ち、正極集電箔52の溶接予定部分400は1または2以上であってもよい。また、溶接予定部分400は、点でなくてもよく、線であってもよい。溶接予定部分400が線である場合は、レーザ光Lまたは正極集電箔52を所定の方向に移動させながらレーザ照射を行ってもよい。この場合、レーザ溶接部の面積が広くなり、より強固に正極集電箔52と正極集電体44とを溶接することができる。 The laser light L may be irradiated onto a single point on the surface of the positive current collector foil 52, or onto two or more points. That is, the positive current collector foil 52 may have one or more to-be-welded portions 400. The to-be-welded portions 400 do not have to be points, but may be lines. When the to-be-welded portions 400 are lines, the laser may be irradiated while moving the laser light L or the positive current collector foil 52 in a predetermined direction. In this case, the area of the laser weld is larger, allowing for a stronger weld between the positive current collector foil 52 and the positive current collector 44.
図4は、レーザ光L照射後のレーザ溶接部の近傍の断面を示す模式図である。レーザ光Lを正極集電箔52の溶接予定部分400に照射することで、溶接予定部分400にレーザ溶接部90が形成される。レーザ溶接部90は、例えば、正極集電箔52と正極集電体44とが溶融し凝固して相互に接合された部位である。レーザ溶接部90は、複数の積層された正極集電箔52の最上層から最下層まで接合している(即ち、溶断していない)。これは、レーザ光透過部材200により、正極集電箔52の溶接予定部分400を押圧して箔間の隙間を低減したことにより実現された効果であり得る。 Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing a cross section near the laser weld after irradiation with laser light L. By irradiating the to-be-welded portion 400 of the positive current collector foil 52 with laser light L, a laser weld 90 is formed in the to-be-welded portion 400. The laser weld 90 is, for example, a portion where the positive current collector foil 52 and the positive current collector 44 are melted and solidified to be joined together. The laser weld 90 joins the multiple stacked positive current collector foils 52 from the top layer to the bottom layer (i.e., it is not melted). This effect may be achieved by using the laser light transmitting member 200 to press the to-be-welded portion 400 of the positive current collector foil 52, thereby reducing the gap between the foils.
レーザ光L照射後の溶接予定部分400に対応する部分には、凹部92が形成され得る。凹部92は、レーザ溶接部90において、正極集電箔52側から正極集電体44側に向かって凹んでいる。凹部92の周囲は、正極集電箔52と正極集電体44とがレーザ溶接されて接続されている。凹部92の深さはレーザ照射の条件(出力、照射時間等)により変化し得る。例えば、凹部92の底部92bは正極集電箔52と正極集電体44との境界(正極集電体44の表面44a)よりも上側(正極集電箔52側)に位置し得る。また、凹部92の底部92bは正極集電箔52と正極集電体44との境界よりも下側(正極集電体44側)に位置し得る。凹部92の底部92bの位置は、例えば、正極集電箔52の積層方向に沿った断面SEM像で確認することができる。 After irradiation with the laser beam L, a recess 92 may be formed in the area corresponding to the intended welding portion 400. The recess 92 is recessed from the positive current collector foil 52 toward the positive current collector 44 at the laser weld 90. The periphery of the recess 92 connects the positive current collector foil 52 and the positive current collector 44 by laser welding. The depth of the recess 92 may vary depending on the laser irradiation conditions (output, irradiation time, etc.). For example, the bottom 92b of the recess 92 may be located above (on the positive current collector foil 52 side) the boundary between the positive current collector foil 52 and the positive current collector 44 (the surface 44a of the positive current collector 44). Alternatively, the bottom 92b of the recess 92 may be located below (on the positive current collector 44 side) the boundary between the positive current collector foil 52 and the positive current collector 44. The position of the bottom 92b of the recess 92 can be confirmed, for example, in a cross-sectional SEM image taken along the stacking direction of the positive electrode current collector foil 52.
レーザ溶接部90の上面90a(正極集電体44とは反対側の面。レーザ光透過部材200が配置されていた面。)は、正極集電箔52と正極集電体44との境界面(正極集電体44の表面44a)と略平行であり得る。例えば、レーザ溶接部90の上面90aが、正極集電箔52と正極集電体44との境界面に対して、10°以下、5°以下、1°以下の角度を有する、若しくは0°(即ち、平行)であり得る。 The upper surface 90a of the laser weld 90 (the surface opposite the positive electrode current collector 44; the surface on which the laser light transmitting member 200 was placed) may be approximately parallel to the interface between the positive electrode current collector foil 52 and the positive electrode current collector 44 (surface 44a of the positive electrode current collector 44). For example, the upper surface 90a of the laser weld 90 may be at an angle of 10° or less, 5° or less, or 1° or less relative to the interface between the positive electrode current collector foil 52 and the positive electrode current collector 44, or may be 0° (i.e., parallel).
上述したレーザ溶接方法は、負極60においても同様に適用することができる。本実施形態では、負極集電箔72と負極集電体64とをレーザ溶接している。 The above-described laser welding method can also be applied to the negative electrode 60. In this embodiment, the negative electrode current collector foil 72 and the negative electrode current collector 64 are laser welded together.
組立工程では、例えば、封口部材34に取り付けられた正極端子42に電極体20に取り付けられた正極集電体44を接合し、封口部材34に取り付けられた負極端子62に電極体20に取り付けられた負極集電体64を接合することで、封口部材34、電極体20、正極端子42、正極集電体44、負極端子62、および負極集電体64を備える組立体を構築する。各部材の取り付け方法は公知方法に従えばよく、例えば、カシメ加工、レーザ溶接、超音波溶接、抵抗溶接等で接合することができる。なお、各電極の集電体と端子とは、溶接工程後に接合しなくてもよく、溶接工程前に予め接合されていてもよい。 In the assembly process, for example, the positive electrode current collector 44 attached to the electrode body 20 is joined to the positive electrode terminal 42 attached to the sealing member 34, and the negative electrode current collector 64 attached to the electrode body 20 is joined to the negative electrode terminal 62 attached to the sealing member 34, thereby constructing an assembly including the sealing member 34, electrode body 20, positive electrode terminal 42, positive electrode current collector 44, negative electrode terminal 62, and negative electrode current collector 64. The attachment of each component may be performed according to a known method, such as crimping, laser welding, ultrasonic welding, or resistance welding. The current collector and terminal of each electrode do not need to be joined after the welding process, and may be joined beforehand before the welding process.
収容工程では、例えば、電極体20をケース本体12の内部へ収容する。ここでは、上記構築した組立体の電極体20をケース本体12へと収容し、封口部材34をケース本体12の開口部と重ね合わせる。このとき、予め袋状または箱状に成形した絶縁フィルムを電極体20とケース本体12との間に配置してもよい。 In the accommodation step, for example, the electrode body 20 is accommodated inside the case body 12. Here, the electrode body 20 of the assembled structure described above is accommodated in the case body 12, and the sealing member 34 is overlapped with the opening of the case body 12. At this time, an insulating film previously formed into a bag or box shape may be placed between the electrode body 20 and the case body 12.
封口工程では、例えば、封口部材34とケース本体12とが重ね合わされた部分を溶接し、ケース本体12を封止する。溶接方法は従来公知の方法に従えばよく、例えばレーザ溶接により溶接される。 In the sealing process, for example, the overlapping portion of the sealing member 34 and the case body 12 is welded to seal the case body 12. The welding method may be a conventionally known method, such as laser welding.
注液工程では、ケース30に設けられた注入口から、従来公知の方法に従って非水電解質を注入する。なお、蓄電デバイスの種類によっては、注液工程は省略される。 In the liquid injection process, non-aqueous electrolyte is injected through an injection port provided in the case 30 according to a conventionally known method. Note that depending on the type of electricity storage device, the liquid injection process may be omitted.
その後、例えば、所定の条件の下、初期充電、エージング処理等を行うことで、使用可能状態の非水電解質二次電池100(蓄電デバイス)が作製される。 Then, for example, by performing initial charging, aging treatment, etc. under specified conditions, a usable non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery 100 (electricity storage device) is produced.
以上、ここで開示される技術について説明したが、上述した実施形態は一例に過ぎない。本技術は、他にも種々の形態にて実施することができる。他の実施形態において、その技術的特徴が必須なものでなければ、適宜削除することもできる。 The technology disclosed herein has been described above, but the above-described embodiment is merely an example. This technology can be implemented in a variety of other forms. If a technical feature is not essential in other embodiments, it can be deleted as appropriate.
ここに開示される技術の具体的な態様として、以下の各項に記載のものが挙げられる。
項1:複数の積層された正極集電箔と、該積層された正極集電箔に接続された正極集電体とを備える正極と、
複数の積層された負極集電箔と、該積層された負極集電箔に接続された負極集電体とを備える負極と
を備える蓄電デバイスの製造方法であって、
上記正極および上記負極のうちの少なくとも一方の電極において、上記複数の積層された集電箔と上記集電体とを重ね合わせること;
YAGまたはY2O3で構成されるレーザ光透過部材を上記重ね合わせた集電箔上に配置すること;および
上記レーザ光透過部材を上記集電体側に向かって押さえながら、レーザ光を上記レーザ光透過部材を通過させて上記重ね合わせた複数の集電箔に照射し、上記重ね合わせた複数の集電箔と上記集電体とを溶接すること;
を含む、蓄電デバイスの製造方法。
項2:上記レーザ光透過部材の厚み2mmの試験片の該厚み方向における前記レーザ光波長の透過率が80%以上である、項1に記載の製造方法。
項3:上記レーザ光透過部材の密度が、4g/cm3以上である、項1または2に記載の製造方法。
項4:上記レーザ光透過部材の上記レーザ光が通過する部分の厚みが5mm以下である、項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
項5:上記レーザ光透過部材がプレート状である、項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
Specific aspects of the technology disclosed herein include those described in the following sections.
Item 1: A positive electrode including a plurality of stacked positive electrode current collector foils and a positive electrode current collector connected to the stacked positive electrode current collector foils;
A method for manufacturing an electricity storage device including a negative electrode including a plurality of stacked negative electrode current collector foils and a negative electrode current collector connected to the stacked negative electrode current collector foils,
overlapping the plurality of stacked current collecting foils and the current collector in at least one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode;
placing a laser beam transmitting member made of YAG or Y2O3 on the overlapping current collecting foils; and irradiating the overlapping current collecting foils with a laser beam passing through the laser beam transmitting member while pressing the laser beam transmitting member toward the current collector, thereby welding the overlapping current collecting foils to the current collector;
A method for manufacturing an electricity storage device, comprising:
Item 2: The manufacturing method according to Item 1, wherein a test piece of the laser beam transmitting member having a thickness of 2 mm has a transmittance of 80% or more at the wavelength of the laser beam in the thickness direction.
Item 3: The manufacturing method according to Item 1 or 2, wherein the density of the laser beam transmitting member is 4 g/cm 3 or more.
Item 4: The manufacturing method according to any one of Items 1 to 3, wherein the thickness of the laser beam transmitting member at the portion through which the laser beam passes is 5 mm or less.
Item 5: The manufacturing method according to any one of Items 1 to 4, wherein the laser beam transmitting member is plate-shaped.
以下、ここで開示される技術の試験例について説明する。ただし、ここに開示される技術は試験例に示すものに限定されるものではない。 Below, we will explain test examples of the technology disclosed herein. However, the technology disclosed herein is not limited to those shown in the test examples.
<実施例>
アルミニウム製の板状の正極集電体と、アルミニウム製の複数の正極集電箔とを準備した。レーザ光透過部材として、厚みが1~2mmのプレート状の石英ガラス(融点1723℃、レーザ光波長の透過率82%)を準備した。図3に示す構成の治具を準備した。図3と同様に正極集電体、正極集電箔、およびレーザ光透過部材を治具にセットし、レーザ光透過部材を正極集電体側に向かって押圧した。この状態を維持したまま、レーザ光透過部材の厚み方向からYAGレーザ(出力:2000W、照射時間:0.005秒、レーザ投入熱量:10J)をレーザ光透過部材を通過させて正極集電箔の表面に照射し、正極集電箔と正極集電体とのレーザ溶接を行った。レーザ溶接部近傍の断面SEM画像を図5に示す。
<Example>
An aluminum plate-shaped positive electrode current collector and multiple aluminum positive electrode current collector foils were prepared. A 1-2 mm thick plate-shaped quartz glass (melting point: 1723°C, laser wavelength transmittance: 82%) was prepared as a laser beam transmitting member. A jig with the configuration shown in FIG. 3 was prepared. As in FIG. 3, the positive electrode current collector, positive electrode current collector foil, and laser beam transmitting member were set in the jig, and the laser beam transmitting member was pressed toward the positive electrode current collector. While maintaining this state, a YAG laser (output: 2000 W, irradiation time: 0.005 seconds, laser heat input: 10 J) was irradiated from the thickness direction of the laser beam transmitting member through the laser beam transmitting member onto the surface of the positive electrode current collector foil, thereby laser welding the positive electrode current collector foil and the positive electrode current collector. A cross-sectional SEM image of the vicinity of the laser weld is shown in FIG. 5.
<比較例>
アルミニウム製の板状の正極集電体と、アルミニウム製の複数の正極集電箔とを重ね合わせ、レーザ光透過部材を用いずに上記YAGレーザによる溶接を行った。レーザ溶接部近傍の断面SEM画像を図6に示す。
<Comparative Example>
An aluminum plate-shaped positive electrode current collector and multiple aluminum positive electrode current collector foils were overlapped and welded using the YAG laser without using a laser beam transmitting member. A cross-sectional SEM image of the vicinity of the laser weld is shown in Figure 6.
図6に示す比較例では、正極集電箔が溶断されており、正極集電箔と正極集電体(画像下部の部材)との接合が達成されていないことがわかる。一方で、図5に示す実施例では、レーザ溶接部において正極集電箔が溶断することなく、正極集電体と接合されていることがわかる。 In the comparative example shown in Figure 6, the positive electrode current collector foil is melted, and it can be seen that the positive electrode current collector foil and the positive electrode current collector (the component at the bottom of the image) are not bonded together. On the other hand, in the example shown in Figure 5, it can be seen that the positive electrode current collector foil is not melted at the laser welded portion and is bonded to the positive electrode current collector.
以上、本技術の具体例について説明したが、本技術はこれに限定されない。特許請求の範囲に記載の技術には、上記に例示した実施形態を様々に変形、変更したものが含まれる。 Although specific examples of the present technology have been described above, the present technology is not limited to these. The technology described in the claims includes various modifications and variations of the embodiments exemplified above.
20 電極体
30 ケース
40 正極
42 正極端子
44 正極集電体
50 正極板
52 正極集電箔
52a 正極集電箔露出部
60 負極
62 負極端子
64 負極集電体
70 負極板
72 負極集電箔
72a 負極集電箔露出部
80 セパレータ
90 レーザ溶接部
92 凹部
100 非水電解質二次電池
200 レーザ光透過部材
300 治具
400 溶接予定部分
20 Electrode body 30 Case 40 Positive electrode 42 Positive electrode terminal 44 Positive electrode current collector 50 Positive electrode plate 52 Positive electrode current collector foil 52a Positive electrode current collector foil exposed portion 60 Negative electrode 62 Negative electrode terminal 64 Negative electrode current collector 70 Negative electrode plate 72 Negative electrode current collector foil 72a Negative electrode current collector foil exposed portion 80 Separator 90 Laser welded portion 92 Recess 100 Non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery 200 Laser light transmitting member 300 Jig 400 Portion to be welded
Claims (5)
複数の積層された負極集電箔と、該積層された負極集電箔に接続された負極集電体とを備える負極と
を備える蓄電デバイスの製造方法であって、
下板と上板とを備える治具を準備し、前記正極および前記負極のうちの少なくとも一方の電極において、前記下板の上に、前記下板に近い側から前記集電体、前記複数の積層された集電箔の順になるように、前記集電体と前記複数の積層された集電箔とを重ね合わせて配置すること;
YAGまたはY2O3で構成されるプレート状のレーザ光透過部材を前記重ね合わせた集電箔上に配置すること;および
前記上板を前記レーザ光透過部材の上に配置し、前記上板および前記下板により前記重ね合わされた前記集電体、前記複数の積層された集電箔、および前記レーザ透過部材を挟み込んだ状態で、前記レーザ光透過部材を前記集電体側に向かって押さえながら、レーザ光を前記レーザ光透過部材を通過させて前記重ね合わせた複数の集電箔に照射し、前記重ね合わせた複数の集電箔と前記集電体とを溶接すること;
を含み、
前記レーザ光透過部材の前記集電体に向かって押さえる圧力が100N以上200N以下である、
蓄電デバイスの製造方法。 a positive electrode including a plurality of stacked positive electrode current collector foils and a positive electrode current collector connected to the stacked positive electrode current collector foils;
A method for manufacturing an electricity storage device including a negative electrode including a plurality of stacked negative electrode current collector foils and a negative electrode current collector connected to the stacked negative electrode current collector foils,
preparing a jig including a lower plate and an upper plate, and arranging the current collector and the plurality of stacked current collecting foils in a superimposed manner on the lower plate in the order of the current collector and the plurality of stacked current collecting foils from the side closest to the lower plate, for at least one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode ;
A plate-shaped laser beam transmitting member made of YAG or Y2O3 is placed on the overlapped current collecting foils; and
placing the upper plate on the laser light transparent member, and in a state in which the overlapping current collectors, the plurality of stacked current collecting foils, and the laser transparent member are sandwiched between the upper plate and the lower plate, while pressing the laser light transparent member toward the current collectors, irradiating a laser beam that passes through the laser light transparent member onto the overlapping plurality of current collecting foils, thereby welding the overlapping plurality of current collecting foils and the current collector;
Including,
The pressure applied to the laser beam transmitting member toward the current collector is 100 N or more and 200 N or less.
A method for manufacturing an electricity storage device.
前記複数の積層された集電箔のそれぞれの厚みは5μm以上20μm以下であり、
前記複数の積層された集電箔の全体の厚みよりも、前記集電体の前記板状部が4倍以上の厚みを有している、請求項1または2に記載の蓄電デバイスの製造方法。 a portion of the current collector that is overlapped with the plurality of stacked current collecting foils is a plate-like portion having a thickness of 0.5 mm or more and 3 mm or less,
The thickness of each of the plurality of stacked current collecting foils is 5 μm or more and 20 μm or less,
The method for manufacturing an electricity storage device according to claim 1 , wherein the plate-shaped portion of the current collector has a thickness four or more times greater than the total thickness of the plurality of stacked current collecting foils .
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012213789A (en) | 2011-03-31 | 2012-11-08 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Laser welding method and battery made by the laser welding method |
| WO2013160932A1 (en) | 2012-04-23 | 2013-10-31 | オー・エム・シー株式会社 | Method for joining collector of electronic component and device for same |
| JP2019067570A (en) | 2017-09-29 | 2019-04-25 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | Welding jig and method of forming weld |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012213789A (en) | 2011-03-31 | 2012-11-08 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Laser welding method and battery made by the laser welding method |
| WO2013160932A1 (en) | 2012-04-23 | 2013-10-31 | オー・エム・シー株式会社 | Method for joining collector of electronic component and device for same |
| JP2019067570A (en) | 2017-09-29 | 2019-04-25 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | Welding jig and method of forming weld |
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