JP7764147B2 - Inspection hatches and insulation installation methods - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an inspection hatch for inspecting the space above ceiling panels or under floor panels, and a method for installing insulation material in a rectangular frame shape within a rectangular fixed frame used in the inspection hatch.

In order to inspect wiring, piping, etc. installed above the ceiling panels or below the floorboards of a building, inspection hatches having the following configuration, for example, may be installed in the ceiling panels or floorboards (see Patent Documents 1 and 2).

That is, a rectangular opening is formed in the ceiling or floor panels, and an outer frame is provided around the periphery of the opening in the ceiling or floor panels. A lid member is provided on the ceiling or floor panels to open and close the opening in the ceiling or floor panels. A rectangular outer insulation unit is provided above the ceiling or below the floor panels to prevent outside air from entering the room through the opening in the ceiling or floor panels. The outer insulation unit includes a fixed frame arranged along the opening in the ceiling or floor panels, and insulation material arranged in a rectangular frame shape on the fixed frame. A rectangular inner insulation unit is removably provided inside the outer insulation unit to prevent outside air from entering the room through the opening in the ceiling or floor panels.

In addition to Patent Documents 1 and 2, prior art related to the present invention also includes those shown in Patent Documents 3 and 4.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 10-245973 Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 11-131782 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-73556 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-198059

However, in the external insulation units of inspection hatches according to the prior art, the installation of insulation material often depends on the size of the fixing frame. This means that it is necessary to prepare insulation material that corresponds to the size of the fixing frame, which creates the problem of making it difficult to improve the installability of the insulation material, or in other words, the installability of the inspection hatch.

Therefore, one aspect of the present invention aims to improve the ease of installing insulation, or in other words, the ease of installing inspection hatches, by installing insulation without relying as much as possible on the size of the fixing frame.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, one aspect of the present invention provides an inspection hatch that is located above the ceiling or below the floor, and includes a rectangular fixed frame that is positioned along an opening formed in the ceiling or floor, and insulation made up of multiple segments that is arranged in a rectangular frame shape on the fixed frame, with at least three of the segments arranged on each side of the fixed frame.

In the inspection hatch, the abutting surfaces (adjacent surfaces) of two adjacent segments that are perpendicular to each other at each corner of the fixed frame may each be inclined at 45 degrees relative to the longitudinal direction of each side of the fixed frame.

In the inspection hatch, the multiple segments that make up the insulation may be classified into first terminal segments located at one end of each side of the fixed frame, second terminal segments located at the other end of each side of the fixed frame, and intermediate segments located between the first terminal segments and the second terminal segments on each side of the fixed frame.

In the inspection hatch, the abutting surfaces (adjacent surfaces) of each adjacent first terminal segment and intermediate segment may be inclined at 45 degrees relative to the longitudinal direction of each side of the fixed frame, and the abutting surfaces of each adjacent second terminal segment and intermediate segment may be inclined at 45 degrees relative to the longitudinal direction of each side of the fixed frame.

In the inspection hatch, the first terminal segment, the second terminal segment, and the intermediate segment may be arranged point-symmetrically with respect to the center of gravity of the fixed frame.

In the inspection hatch, each segment may be a long segment with both ends positioned at the corners of the fixed frame.

In the inspection hatch, of the abutment surfaces of two adjacent segments that are perpendicular to each other at each corner of the fixed frame, an engagement protrusion may be formed on the abutment surface of one of the segments, and an engagement hole may be formed on the abutment surface of the other segment for engaging the engagement protrusion of one of the segments.

In the inspection hatch, the multiple segments that make up the insulation may be classified into L-shaped segments that are arranged at each corner of the fixed frame and are L-shaped, and intermediate segments that are arranged between two L-shaped segments on each side of the fixed frame.

In the inspection hatch, the abutting surfaces of each adjacent L-shaped segment and intermediate segment may be inclined at 45 degrees relative to the longitudinal direction of each side of the fixed frame.

In the inspection hatch, a rectangular frame-shaped recess may be formed in the fixed frame, and each segment may fit into or engage with the recess in the fixed frame.

In the inspection hatch, the insulating material may be made of polyethylene-based resin foam or polyolefin-based resin foam with an expansion ratio of 10 times or more and less than 100 times.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, one aspect of the present invention provides a method for installing insulation material in a rectangular frame shape in a rectangular fixed frame used in an inspection hatch, which involves sequentially attaching a first terminal segment, an intermediate segment, and a second terminal segment to a first side of the fixed frame, then sequentially attaching the first terminal segment, the intermediate segment, and the second terminal segment to a second side adjacent to the first side at a right angle, and then sequentially attaching the first terminal segment, the intermediate segment, and the second terminal segment to a third side adjacent to the second side at a right angle, and then attaching the first terminal segment to one end of a fourth side adjacent to the third side and the first side at a right angle, and attaching the second terminal segment to the other end of the fourth side of the fixed frame, and then pushing the intermediate segment between the first terminal segment and the second terminal segment on the fourth side of the fixed frame.

According to one aspect of the present invention, by installing the insulation material without depending as much as possible on the size of the fixing frame, it is possible to improve the installability of the insulation material, in other words, the installability of the inspection hatch.

FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view or bottom view of a large inspection hatch according to the first embodiment. 1 is a schematic bottom or plan view of a large external insulation unit according to embodiment 1. FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic bottom view or plan view of a small inspection hatch according to the first embodiment. 1 is a schematic bottom or plan view of a small external insulation unit according to a first embodiment. FIG. 1 is a schematic bottom or plan view of a large external insulation unit according to embodiment 1. FIG. 1 is a schematic bottom or plan view of a small external insulation unit according to a first embodiment. FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic bottom view or plan view of a small-sized outer insulation unit according to a first variant of the first embodiment. A schematic plan view or bottom view of a large external insulation unit relating to variant 2 of embodiment 1. 10 is a schematic bottom or top view of an outer insulation unit according to an aspect of embodiment 2. FIG. FIG. 10 is a schematic bottom view or plan view of an outer insulation unit according to variant 1 of embodiment 2. 10 is a schematic bottom or top view of an outer insulation unit according to an aspect of embodiment 3. FIG. A schematic bottom view or plan view of an outer insulation unit related to variant 1 of embodiment 3. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method for applying a heat insulating material according to a fourth embodiment. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method for applying a heat insulating material according to a fourth embodiment. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method for applying a heat insulating material according to a fourth embodiment. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method for applying a heat insulating material according to a fourth embodiment. FIG.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Note that the inspection hatch installed above the ceiling panel and the inspection hatch installed below the floorboard will be described using the same drawings. The outer insulation unit for the inspection hatch installed above the ceiling panel and the outer insulation unit for the inspection hatch installed below the floorboard will be described using the same drawings. Furthermore, the shape of each component part in the inspection hatch will be described based on the state when each surface is projected using third angle projection.

[Embodiment 1]
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Figs. 1 to 6. Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view or bottom view of a large inspection hatch according to the first embodiment. Fig. 2 is a schematic bottom view or bottom view of a large external insulation unit according to the first embodiment. Fig. 3 is a schematic plan view or bottom view of a small inspection hatch according to the first embodiment. Fig. 4 is a schematic bottom view or bottom view of a small external insulation unit according to the first embodiment. Fig. 5 is a schematic bottom view or bottom view of a large external insulation unit according to the first embodiment. Fig. 6 is a schematic bottom view or bottom view of a small external insulation unit according to the first embodiment.

(Outline of inspection hatch 10)
As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the inspection hatch 10 of embodiment 1 is a structure for inspecting the space above the ceiling boards 12 or under the floor boards 12 of a building, and the overview of the inspection hatch 10 is as follows.

A rectangular opening 14 is formed in the ceiling panel 12 or the floor panel 12, and an outer frame (not shown) that is rectangular in plan view is provided around the periphery of the opening 14. A rectangular lid 16 is provided at the opening 14 in the ceiling panel 12 or the floor panel 12 to open and close the opening 14. Additionally, a rectangular frame-shaped outer insulation unit 18 is provided above the ceiling panel 12 or below the floor panel 12 to prevent outside air from entering the room through the opening 14 in the ceiling panel 12 or the floor panel 12. The outer insulation unit 18 is arranged along the opening 14 in the ceiling panel 12 or the floor panel 12. A detachable inner insulation unit 20, rectangular in plan view, is provided inside the outer insulation unit 18 to prevent outside air from entering the room through the opening 14 in the ceiling panel 12 or the floor panel 12. Although not shown, the inner insulation unit 20 includes a rectangular unit base and rectangular insulation material attached to the unit base.

When inspecting the space above the ceiling panel 12 or underneath the floor panel 12 using the above-mentioned configuration, the worker opens the opening 14 in the ceiling panel 12 or floor panel 12 using the lid 16. Next, the worker detaches the inner insulation unit 20 from the outer insulation unit 18 and removes it from the opening 14 in the ceiling panel 12 or floor panel 12 to the indoor side. The worker then enters the space above the ceiling panel 12 or underneath the floor panel 12 through the opening 14 in the ceiling panel 12 or floor panel 12 and performs the inspection.

After completing the inspection work above the ceiling panel 12 or below the floor panel 12, the worker inserts the inner insulation unit 20 through the opening 14 in the ceiling panel 12 or floor panel 12 into the ceiling panel or below the floor and attaches it to the inside of the outer insulation unit 18. Finally, the worker closes the opening 14 in the ceiling panel 12 or floor panel 12 with the lid 16.

Next, we will explain the specific configuration of the outer insulation unit 18 in embodiment 1.

(Fixed frame 22)
As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the outer insulation unit 18 includes a rectangular fixed frame 22 provided above the ceiling panel 12 or below the floor panel of the floor 12. The fixed frame 22 is arranged along the opening 14 in the ceiling panel 12 or floor panel 12. The fixed frame 22 is preferably made of a metal such as aluminum, stainless steel, or copper alloy. Considering the lightweight and easy handling of the fixed frame 22, the fixed frame 22 is preferably made of aluminum. When the fixed frame 22 is made of a metal such as aluminum, the ends of four metal members are connected by welding, for example. Note that instead of being made of a metal such as aluminum, the fixed frame 22 may also be made of wood. A portion of the fixed frame 22 may be made of a metal such as aluminum, and the remaining portion of the fixed frame 22 may be made of wood.

The fixed frame 22 has four sides 22m and four corners 22c. The four sides 22m consist of a first side 22ma, a second side 22mb adjacent to the first side 22ma at a right angle, a third side 22mc adjacent to the second side 22mb at a right angle, and a fourth side 22md adjacent to the third side 22mc and the first side 22ma at a right angle. The fixed frame 22 also has a rectangular frame-shaped recess 24. The recess 24 of the fixed frame 22 includes a rectangular frame-shaped groove and a rectangular frame-shaped step.

As shown in Figures 1 and 3, the recess 24 of the fixed frame 22 opens toward the ceiling board 12 or floor board 12 side, but it may also open toward the opposite side of the ceiling board 12 or floor board 12 side.

(Thermal insulation material 26)
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 , the insulating material 26 is disposed in the recess 24 of the fixed frame 22 in a rectangular frame shape. For example, the insulating material 26 is attached by fitting into the recess 24 of the fixed frame 22. The insulating material 26 has flexibility, water resistance, and heat resistance, allowing for moderate deformation. The insulating material 26's flexibility allows for moderate deformation, allowing the insulating material 26 to be attached to the recess 24 of the fixed frame 22 in a tight, tight fit. The attachment method is not limited to fitting, and a method of applying an adhesive or the like between the fixed frame 22 and the insulating material 26 and bonding them can be used to securely position the insulating material 26. The insulating material 26's water resistance prevents moisture, such as condensation water, that penetrates the fixed frame 22 from passing over the insulating material 26 and adhering to the ceiling panel 12 or floor panel 12. The insulating material 26's insulating properties improve the insulation at the installation location and prevent condensation on the surface of the fixed frame 22.

The insulating material 26 is made of a resin foam. The base resin of the resin foam that makes up the insulating material 26 is not particularly limited, but is preferably a foamable thermoplastic resin. The thermoplastic resin is preferably at least one resin selected from the group consisting of polystyrene-based resins, polyolefin-based resins, polyester-based resins, and polycarbonate-based resins. Examples of base resins for the resin foam that makes up the insulating material 26 include those described in International Publication No. 2020/170694, International Publication No. 2009/75208, and Japanese Patent No. 6612764.

The resin foam that makes up the insulation material 26 may be either a bead molded body or an extruded body, and has a closed-cell structure that provides excellent water impermeability. The cell expansion ratio of the resin foam that makes up the insulation material 26 is set to 80% or more, preferably 85% or more, and more preferably 90% or more.

The expansion ratio of the resin foam that makes up the insulating material 26 is not particularly limited, but is set to be 10 times or more and 100 times or less, preferably 25 times or more and 75 times or less, and more preferably 30 times or more and 50 times or less. If the expansion ratio of the resin foam is less than 10 times, the weight of the insulating material 26 tends to increase and the deformability of the insulating material 26 tends to decrease. If the expansion ratio of the resin foam exceeds 100 times, the shape retention of the insulating material 26 tends to decrease.

The resin foam separated from the recess 24 of the fixed frame 22 can be reused.

As shown in Figures 2, 4 to 6, the insulation material 26 is composed of multiple segments S. The multiple segments S that make up the insulation material 26 are classified into trapezoidal first terminal segments 28 located on one end of each side 22m of the fixed frame 22, trapezoidal second terminal segments 30 located on the other end of each side 22m of the fixed frame 22, and rectangular intermediate segments 32. The intermediate segments 32 are disposed between the first terminal segments 28 and the second terminal segments 30 on each side 22m of the fixed frame 22. Each of the first terminal segments 28, second terminal segments 30, and intermediate segments 32 is fitted into or engaged with a recess 24 of the fixed frame 22, preventing the first terminal segments 28, second terminal segments 30, and intermediate segments 32 from falling off the fixed frame 22. The fitting or engagement portions of the recesses 24 into which the segments S fit or engage are not particularly limited as long as they are designed to prevent the segments S from falling off the fixed frame 22, and any conventionally known structure can be used.

The length dimension of each first terminal segment 28 (the length dimension along each side 22m of the fixed frame 22) and the length dimension of each second terminal segment 30 may be different (see Figures 2 and 4), or the length dimension of each first terminal segment 28 and the length dimension of each second terminal segment 30 may be the same (see Figures 5 and 6). If the length dimension of each first terminal segment 28 and the length dimension of each second terminal segment 30 are different, it is possible to prevent the first terminal segment 28 and the second terminal segment 30 from being attached to each side 22m of the fixed frame 22 in reverse.

The abutment surfaces 28f, 30f, of two adjacent first terminal segments 28 and second terminal segments 30, which are perpendicularly adjacent at each corner 22c of the fixed frame 22, are inclined at 45 degrees with respect to the longitudinal direction of each side 22m of the fixed frame 22. Furthermore, the abutment surfaces 28v, 32f, of adjacent first terminal segments 28 and intermediate segments 32 are each perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of each side 22m of the fixed frame 22. The abutment surfaces 30v, 32v, of adjacent second terminal segments 30 and intermediate segments 32 are each perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of each side 22m of the fixed frame 22.

The first terminal segment 28, the second terminal segment 30, and one or more intermediate segments 32 are arranged point-symmetrically with respect to the center of gravity 22b of the fixed frame 22. This configuration clarifies the positions of the first terminal segment 28, the second terminal segment 30, and the intermediate segment 32, preventing segments S from being attached to each side 22m of the fixed frame 22 in an incorrect position.

At least three or more segments S are arranged in the recesses 24 of each side 22m of the fixed frame 22. Here, "arranging segments S in the recesses 24 of each side 22m of the fixed frame 22" means that not only the entire segments S are arranged in the recesses 24 of each side 22m of the fixed frame 22, but also that a portion of the segments S is arranged in the recesses 24 of each side 22m of the fixed frame 22.

Specifically, in the large-sized outer insulation unit 18 shown in Figures 2 and 5, the recesses 24 on each side 22m of the fixed frame 22 are arranged from one end to the other in the recesses 24, with a portion of the second terminal segment 30, the first terminal segment 28, three intermediate segments 32, the second terminal segment 30, and a portion of the first terminal segment 28 (see the area surrounded by the dashed line in Figure 2). In other words, in the large-sized outer insulation unit 18 shown in Figures 2 and 5, for example, seven segments S are arranged in the recesses 24 on each side 22m of the fixed frame 22.

In the compact outer insulation unit 18 shown in Figures 4 and 6, the recesses 24 on each side 22m of the fixed frame 22 are arranged from one end to the other in the recesses 24, with a portion of the second terminal segment 30, a first terminal segment 28, one intermediate segment 32, the second terminal segment 30, and a portion of the first terminal segment 28 (see the area surrounded by the dashed line in Figure 4). In other words, in the compact outer insulation unit 18 shown in Figures 4 and 6, for example, five segments S are arranged in the recesses 24 on each side 22m of the fixed frame 22.

In addition, as long as at least three or more segments S are arranged in the recesses 24 of each side 22m of the fixed frame 22, the number of segments S arranged in each of the recesses 24 of two adjacent right-angled sides 22m of the fixed frame 22 does not have to be the same.

(Effects of the First Embodiment)
Next, the effects of the first embodiment will be described.

As mentioned above, the multiple segments S that make up the insulation material 26 are classified into first terminal segments 28, second terminal segments 30, and intermediate segments 32. Furthermore, at least three or more segments S are arranged in the recessed portion 24 of each side 22m of the fixed frame 22. Therefore, even if the size (length dimension) of the first terminal segment 28 and the second terminal segment 30 is fixed, by adjusting the number or size of the intermediate segments 32, workers can easily arrange (install) the insulation material 26 in a rectangular frame shape in the recessed portion 24 of a fixed frame 22 of any size. In other words, according to the first embodiment, installing the insulation material 26 can be performed regardless of the size of the fixed frame 22, thereby improving the installability of the insulation material 26, or in other words, the installability of the inspection hatch 10.

As mentioned above, the abutment surfaces 28f of the first terminal segment 28 and the abutment surfaces 30f of the second terminal segment 30, which are adjacent at right angles at each corner 22c of the fixed frame 22, are each inclined at 45 degrees with respect to the longitudinal direction of each side 22m of the fixed frame 22. Therefore, according to embodiment 1, the adhesion between the abutment surfaces 28f of the first terminal segment 28 and the abutment surfaces 30f of the second terminal segment 30 is improved, thereby improving the thermal insulation properties of the insulation material 26.

As described above, one embodiment of the present invention can provide homes and other structures with improved insulation performance safely and at low cost. This can contribute to the creation of livable cities, and can contribute to the achievement of Goal 11 of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), such as the creation of sustainable cities.

[Modification 1 of Embodiment 1]
A first modification of the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Fig. 7. Fig. 7 is a schematic bottom view or plan view of a small-sized outer insulation unit according to the first modification of the first embodiment.

As shown in Figure 7, the small-sized outer insulation unit 18A according to Variation 1 of Embodiment 1 has the same configuration as the small-sized outer insulation unit 18 according to Embodiment 1 (see Figure 6), except for the following points. For ease of explanation, components having the same functions as those described in Embodiment 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and their descriptions will not be repeated.

(Unique configuration)
That is, each intermediate segment 32 is formed in a trapezoidal shape. The abutting surfaces 28v, 32f of each adjacent first terminal segment 28 and intermediate segment 32 are inclined at 45 degrees with respect to the longitudinal direction of each side 22m of the fixed frame 22. The abutting surfaces 30v, 32v of each adjacent second terminal segment 30 and intermediate segment 32 are inclined at 45 degrees with respect to the longitudinal direction of each side 22m of the fixed frame 22.

In the small-sized outer insulation unit 18A, a portion of the second terminal segment 30, a first terminal segment 28, one intermediate segment 32, the second terminal segment 30, and a portion of the first terminal segment 28 are arranged in the recess 24 of each side 22m of the fixed frame 22 from one end to the other (see the area surrounded by the dashed line in Figure 7). In other words, in the small-sized outer insulation unit 18A, for example, five segments S are arranged in the recess 24 of each side 22m of the fixed frame 22.

(Operation and effect of Modification 1 of Embodiment 1)
According to the first modification of the first embodiment, in addition to the same effects as those of the first embodiment described above, the following effects are also achieved.

As described above, the abutment surfaces 28v, 32f of adjacent first terminal segments 28 and intermediate segments 32 are each inclined at 45 degrees relative to the longitudinal direction of each side 22m of the fixed frame 22. The abutment surfaces 30v, 32v of adjacent second terminal segments 30 and intermediate segments 32 are each inclined at 45 degrees relative to the longitudinal direction of each side 22m of the fixed frame 22. Therefore, according to Variation 1 of Embodiment 1, the adhesion between the abutment surface 28v of the first terminal segment 28 and the abutment surface 32f of the intermediate segment 32, and the adhesion between the abutment surface 30v of the second terminal segment 30 and the abutment surface 32v of the intermediate segment 32, is improved, thereby further improving the thermal insulation of the insulation material 26 at each corner 22c of the fixed frame 22.

[Modification 2 of Embodiment 1]
A second modification of the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Fig. 8. Fig. 8 is a schematic bottom view or plan view of a large outer insulation unit according to the second modification of the first embodiment.

As shown in Figure 8, the large outer insulation unit 18B according to Variation 2 of Embodiment 1 has the same configuration as the large outer insulation unit 18 according to Embodiment 1 (see Figure 5), except for the following points. For ease of explanation, components that have the same functions as those described in Embodiment 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and their descriptions will not be repeated.

(Unique configuration)
That is, of the abutment surfaces 28f and 30f of the first and second terminal segments 28 and 30, which are adjacent at right angles at each corner 22c of the fixed frame 22, an engagement protrusion 34 is formed on the abutment surface 28f or 30f of one of the terminal segments 28 or 30. An engagement hole 36 for engaging the engagement protrusion 34 of the one terminal segment 28 or 30 is formed on the abutment surface 30f or 28f of the other terminal segment 30 or 28.

The number of segments S arranged in each recess 24 on two adjacent right-angled sides 22m of the fixed frame 22 is not the same.

Specifically, in the recess 24 of one of the two sides 22m of the fixed frame 22 that are adjacent at right angles, a portion of the second terminal segment 30, the first terminal segment 28, two intermediate segments 32, the second terminal segment 30, and a portion of the first terminal segment 28 are arranged from one end to the other end of the recess 24 (see the area surrounded by the dashed line in Figure 8). In the recess 24 of the other of the two sides 22m of the fixed frame 22 that are adjacent at right angles, a portion of the second terminal segment 30, the first terminal segment 28, one intermediate segment 32, the second terminal segment 30, and a portion of the first terminal segment 28 are arranged from one end to the other end of the recess 24 (see the area surrounded by the dashed line in Figure 8). In other words, in the large outer insulation unit 18A, for example, six segments S are arranged in the recess 24 of one of the two sides 22m of the fixed frame 22 that are adjacent at right angles, and for example, five segments S are arranged in the recess 24 of the other side 22m.

(Operation and effect of Modification 2 of Embodiment 1)
According to the second modification of the first embodiment, in addition to the same effects as those of the first embodiment described above, the following effects are also achieved.

As described above, the abutment surface 28f of the first terminal segment 28 and the abutment surface 30f of the second terminal segment 30 are connected by engaging the engagement protrusion 34 of one terminal segment 28 or 30 with the engagement hole 36 of the other terminal segment 30 or 28 at each corner 22c of the fixed frame 22. Therefore, according to the second variation of the first embodiment, the first terminal segment 28 and the second terminal segment 30 can be easily disposed (installed) in the recess 24 of the fixed frame 22, further improving the installability of the insulation material 26, in other words, the installability of the inspection hatch 10. Furthermore, the tight contact between the abutment surface 28f of the first terminal segment 28 and the abutment surface 30f of the second terminal segment 30 can be stabilized, further improving the insulating properties of the insulation material 26.

[Embodiment 2]
A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Fig. 9. Fig. 9 is a schematic bottom or plan view of a small-sized outer insulation unit according to the second embodiment.

As shown in Figure 9, the compact outer insulation unit 38 of embodiment 2 has the same configuration as the compact outer insulation unit 18 of embodiment 1 (see Figure 4), except for the following points. For ease of explanation, components that have the same functions as those described in embodiment 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and their descriptions will not be repeated.

(Unique configuration)
That is, the heat insulating material 26 is composed of a plurality of segments S, and each segment S is a trapezoidal long segment 40 with both ends located at the corners 22c of the fixed frame 22. The butt surfaces 40f of two long segments 40 adjacent at right angles at each corner 22c of the fixed frame 22 are inclined at 45 degrees with respect to the longitudinal direction of each side 22m of the fixed frame 22. Each long segment 40 fits into or engages with a recess 24 of the fixed frame 22, preventing the long segment 40 from falling off the fixed frame 22.

In the small outer heat insulating unit 38, the recesses 24 on each side 22m of the fixed frame 22 are
From one end side, a part of the long segment 40, the long segment 40, and another long segment 40 are arranged (see the area surrounded by the dashed line in Figure 9). In other words, in the small outer insulation unit 18, three segments S are arranged in the recess 24 of each side 22m of the fixed frame 22.

(Effects of the Second Embodiment)
Next, the effects of the second embodiment will be described.

As mentioned above, three long segments 40, which are three segments S, are arranged in the recesses 24 of each side 22m of the fixed frame 22. The abutting surfaces 40f of two adjacent long segments 40 that are perpendicular to each other at each corner 22c of the fixed frame 22 are inclined at 45 degrees with respect to the longitudinal direction of each side 22m of the fixed frame 22. Therefore, according to embodiment 2, the abutting surfaces 40f of two adjacent long segments 40 that are perpendicular to each other at each corner 22c of the fixed frame 22 can be made to adhere more closely to each other, thereby improving the insulating properties of the insulating material 26.

Furthermore, by slightly displacing each long segment 40 in the longitudinal direction while the butt surfaces 40f of two adjacent long segments 40 at right angles are in close contact at each corner 22c of the fixed frame 22, workers can arrange (apply) the insulation material 26 in a rectangular frame shape in the recesses 24 of fixed frames 22 of different sizes. In other words, according to embodiment 2, by installing the insulation material 26 without relying as much as possible on the size of the fixed frame 22, the installability of the insulation material 26, or in other words, the installability of the inspection hatch 10, can be improved.

[Modification 1 of Embodiment 2]
A first modification of the second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Fig. 10. Fig. 10 is a schematic bottom view or plan view of a small-sized outer insulation unit according to the second embodiment.

As shown in Figure 10, the small-sized outer insulation unit 38A according to Variation 1 of Embodiment 2 has the same configuration as the small-sized outer insulation unit 38 according to Embodiment 2 (see Figure 9), except for the following points. For ease of explanation, components having the same functions as those described in Embodiment 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and their descriptions will not be repeated.

(Unique configuration)
That is, of the abutment surfaces 40f of two long segments 40 adjacent at right angles at each corner 22c of the fixed frame 22, an engaging protrusion 42 is formed on the abutment surface 40f of one of the long segments 40. An engaging hole 44 for engaging the engaging protrusion 42 of one long segment 40 is formed on the abutment surface 40f of the other long segment 40.

In the small-sized outer insulation unit 38A, similar to the small-sized outer insulation unit 38, three long segments 40 are arranged in the recesses 24 on each side 22m of the fixed frame 22 (see the area surrounded by the dashed line in Figure 10). In other words, three segments S are arranged in the small-sized outer insulation unit 38A.

(Operation and effect of Modification 1 of Embodiment 2)
According to the first modification of the second embodiment, in addition to the same effects as those of the second embodiment described above, the following effects are also achieved.

As described above, the abutting surfaces 40f of the two long segments 40 are connected by engaging the engaging protrusions 42 of one long segment 40 with the engaging holes 44 of the other long segment 40 at each corner 22c of the fixed frame 22. Therefore, according to Variation 1 of Embodiment 2, workers can easily arrange (install) the long segments 40 in the recesses 24 of the fixed frame 22, further improving the installability of the insulation material 26, in other words, the installability of the inspection hatch 10. In addition, the tight contact between the abutting surfaces 40f of the two long segments 40 can be stabilized at each corner 22c of the fixed frame 22, further improving the insulating properties of the insulation material 26.

[Embodiment 3]
A third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Fig. 11. Fig. 11 is a schematic bottom or plan view of a small-sized outer insulation unit according to the third embodiment.

As shown in Figure 11, the small-sized outer insulation unit 46 of embodiment 3 has the same configuration as the small-sized outer insulation unit 18 of embodiment 1 (see Figure 4), except for the following points. For ease of explanation, components that have the same functions as those described in embodiment 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and their descriptions will not be repeated.

(Unique configuration)
The heat insulating material 26 is composed of a plurality of segments S. The plurality of segments S constituting the heat insulating material 26 are classified into L-shaped segments 48 that are arranged at each corner 22c of the fixed frame 22 and rectangular intermediate segments 50 that are arranged between two L-shaped segments 48 on each side 22m of the fixed frame 22. Each L-shaped segment 48 and each intermediate segment 50 fits into or engages with a recess 24 of the fixed frame 22, preventing each L-shaped segment 48 and each intermediate segment 50 from falling off the fixed frame 22. Note that a plurality of intermediate segments 50 may be arranged on each side 22m of the fixed frame 22.

The abutting surfaces 48f of adjacent L-shaped segments 48 and the abutting surfaces 50f of adjacent intermediate segments 50 are perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of each side 22m of the fixed frame 22. The L-shaped segments 48 and the intermediate segments 50 are arranged point-symmetrically with respect to the center of gravity 22b of the fixed frame 22.

In the compact outer insulation unit 46, a portion of an L-shaped segment 48, an intermediate segment 50, and a portion of an L-shaped segment 48 are arranged in the recess 24 of each side 22m of the fixed frame 22 from one end to the other (see the area surrounded by the dashed line in Figure 11). In other words, in the compact outer insulation unit 46, for example, three segments S are arranged in the recess 24 of each side 22m of the fixed frame 22.

(Effects of the Third Embodiment)
Next, according to the third embodiment, the following effects are achieved.

As mentioned above, the multiple segments S that make up the insulation material 26 are classified into L-shaped segments 48 and intermediate segments 50. Three or more segments S are arranged on each side 22m of the fixed frame 22. Therefore, by adjusting the number or size of the intermediate segments 50, workers can easily arrange (install) the insulation material 26 in a rectangular frame shape in the recess 24 of a fixed frame 22 of any size. In other words, according to embodiment 3, installing the insulation material 26 can be performed regardless of the size of the fixed frame 22, thereby improving the installability of the insulation material 26, or in other words, the installability of the inspection hatch 10.

[Modification 1 of Embodiment 3]
A first modification of the third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Fig. 12. Fig. 12 is a schematic bottom view or plan view of a small-sized outer insulation unit according to the first modification of the third embodiment.

(Unique configuration)
As shown in Fig. 12, the small-sized outer insulation unit 46A according to the first modification of the third embodiment has the same configuration as the small-sized outer insulation unit 46 according to the third embodiment (see Fig. 11), except for the following points: For the sake of convenience, the same reference numerals are used to designate members having the same functions as those described in the first embodiment, and the description thereof will not be repeated.

(Unique configuration)
Each intermediate segment 50 is formed in a trapezoidal shape. The abutting surfaces 48 f of adjacent L-shaped segments 48 and the abutting surfaces 50 f of adjacent intermediate segments 50 are inclined at 45 degrees with respect to the longitudinal direction of each side 22 m of the fixed frame 22 .

In the small-sized outer insulation unit 46A, similar to the small-sized outer insulation unit 46, a portion of an L-shaped segment 48, an intermediate segment 50, and a portion of an L-shaped segment 48 are arranged from one end to the other end of the recess 24 on each side 22m of the fixed frame 22 (see the area surrounded by the dashed line in Figure 12). In other words, in the small-sized outer insulation unit 46A, for example, three segments S are arranged in the recess 24 on each side 22m of the fixed frame 22.

(Operation and effect of Modification 1 of Embodiment 3)
According to the first modification of the third embodiment, in addition to the same effects as those of the third embodiment described above, the following effects are also achieved.

As mentioned above, the abutment surfaces 48f of adjacent L-shaped segments 48 and the abutment surfaces 50f of adjacent intermediate segments 50 are inclined at 45 degrees relative to the longitudinal direction of each side 22m of the fixed frame 22. Therefore, according to Variation 1 of Embodiment 3, the adhesion between the abutment surfaces 48f of the L-shaped segments 48 and the abutment surfaces 50f of the intermediate segments 50 is improved, thereby improving the thermal insulation of the insulating material 26 at each corner 22c of the fixed frame 22.

[Embodiment 4]
A fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Figures 13 to 16. Figures 13 to 16 are schematic diagrams illustrating a method for applying a heat insulating material according to the fourth embodiment.

As shown in Figures 13 to 16, the insulation installation method of embodiment 4 is a method for arranging insulation material 26 in a rectangular frame shape in the rectangular fixed frame 22 used in the inspection hatch 10 of embodiment 1 (see Figures 1 and 2). The specific configuration of the insulation installation method of embodiment 4 is as follows:

(Unique configuration)
As shown in Fig. 13, the first terminal segment 28, the plurality of intermediate segments 32, and the second terminal segment 30 are sequentially fitted into the recess 24 of the first side 22ma of the fixed frame 22 from one end to the other. Next, as shown in Fig. 14, the first terminal segment 28, the plurality of intermediate segments 32, and the second terminal segment 30 are sequentially fitted into the recess 24 of the second side 22mb of the fixed frame 22 from one end to the other. Furthermore, as shown in Fig. 15, the first terminal segment 28, the plurality of intermediate segments 32, and the second terminal segment 30 are sequentially fitted into the recess 24 of the third side 22mc of the fixed frame 22 from one end to the other.

Then, as shown in FIG. 16, the first terminal segment 28 is fitted into one end of the recess 24 on the fourth side 22md of the fixed frame 22, and the second terminal segment 30 is fitted into the other end of the recess 24 on the fourth side 22md of the fixed frame 22. Then, two intermediate segments 32 other than the specified intermediate segment 32 are fitted into the recess 24 on the fourth side 22md of the fixed frame 22 between the first terminal segment 28 and the second terminal segment 30. Finally, the specified intermediate segment 32 is inserted and attached between the two intermediate segments 32 (between the first terminal segment 28 and the second terminal segment 30) in the recess 24 on the fourth side 22md of the fixed frame 22. It is desirable to adjust the length of the specified intermediate segment 32 before inserting it.

Next, we will explain the effects of embodiment 4.

A first terminal segment 28, multiple intermediate segments 32, and a second terminal segment 30 are attached to the recesses 24 from the first side 22ma to the second side 22mb of the fixed frame 22. Therefore, even if the sizes (length dimensions) of the first terminal segment 28 and the second terminal segment 30 are fixed, workers can easily arrange (apply) the insulating material 26 in a rectangular frame shape in the recesses 24 of any size of fixed frame 22 by adjusting the number or size of the intermediate segments 32. In other words, according to the fourth embodiment, the insulating material 26 can be applied regardless of the size of the fixed frame 22, thereby improving the workability of the insulating material 26, or in other words, the workability of the inspection hatch 10.

As described above, a predetermined intermediate segment 32 is pressed into and attached between the first terminal segment 28 and the second terminal segment 30 in the recess 24 of the fourth side 22md of the fixed frame 22. Therefore, according to embodiment 4, the adhesion between adjacent segments S can be increased, improving the insulating properties of the insulating material 26.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

Example 1
As shown in Figures 2 and 13 to 16, the worker prepared one first terminal segment 28, one second terminal segment 30, and three intermediate segments 32 as multiple segments S to be arranged on each side 22m of the rectangular fixed frame 22. The long side dimension of the first terminal segment 28 was 403.0 mm, the short side dimension of the first terminal segment 28 was 296.5 mm, and the width dimension of the first terminal segment 28 was 122.0 mm. The long side dimension of the second terminal segment 30 was 253.0 mm, the short side dimension of the second terminal segment 30 was 146.5 mm, and the width dimension of the second terminal segment 30 was 122.0 mm. The length dimension of the intermediate segment 32 was 150.0 mm, and the width dimension of the intermediate segment 32 was 122.0 mm. Then, the worker arranged the insulating material 26 in a rectangular frame shape on the rectangular fixed frame 22 using the insulating material installation method of embodiment 4. The vertical dimension of the insulating material 26 was 1137.0 mm, and the horizontal dimension of the insulating material 26 was 1137.0 mm. Kanepearl VF (manufactured by Kaneka Corporation) was used as the material for the insulating material 26. The insulating material 26 placed in the fixing frame 22 was placed without any gaps in the recessed portion 24 of the fixing frame 22, and the adhesiveness (butting state) between the segments S was also good, and no falling off of the segments S from the recessed portion 24 of the fixing frame 22 was observed.

Example 2
As shown in Figures 4 and 13 to 16, the worker prepared one first terminal segment 28, one second terminal segment 30, and one intermediate segment 32 as multiple segments S to be arranged on each side 22m of the rectangular fixed frame 22. The dimensions of the first terminal segment 28, the second terminal segment 30, and the intermediate segment 32 were the same as those in Example 1. The worker then arranged the insulating material 26 in a rectangular frame shape on the rectangular fixed frame 22 using the insulating material installation method of Example 4. The vertical dimension of the insulating material 26 was 837.0 mm, and the horizontal dimension of the insulating material 26 was 837.0 mm. The same material as in Example 1 was used to construct the insulating material 26. The insulating material 26 arranged on the fixed frame 22 was positioned without gaps in the recessed portion 24 of the fixed frame 22, the segments S were in good contact with each other (butted together), and no segments S were observed to fall off from the recessed portion 24 of the fixed frame 22.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Inspection hatch 12 Ceiling panel or floor panel 14 Opening 16 Lid 18 Outer insulation unit 20 Inner insulation unit 22 Fixing frame 22c Corner 22m Side 22ma First side 22mb Second side 22mc Third side 22md Fourth side 24 Recess 26 Heat insulating material 26b Center of gravity S Segment 28 First terminal segment 30 Second terminal segment 32 Intermediate segment 18A Outer insulation unit 18B Outer insulation unit 34 Engagement protrusion 36 Engagement hole 38 Outer insulation unit 38A Outer insulation unit 40 Long segment 42 Engagement protrusion 44 Engagement hole 46 Outer insulation unit 46A Outer insulation unit 48 L-shaped segment 50 Intermediate segment

Claims (15)

a rectangular fixing frame provided under the ceiling board or under the floor board and arranged along an opening formed in the ceiling board or the floor board;
In the inspection hatch, a heat insulating material is arranged in a rectangular frame shape on the fixed frame and is composed of a plurality of segments,
At least three or more of the segments are arranged on each side of the fixed frame,
A rectangular frame-shaped recess is formed in the fixed frame, and each segment is fitted into or engaged with the recess of the fixed frame ,
The plurality of segments constituting the heat insulating material are classified into first terminal segments located on one end side of each side of the fixed frame, second terminal segments located on the other end side of each side of the fixed frame, and intermediate segments located between the first terminal segments and the second terminal segments on each side of the fixed frame,
An inspection hatch in which the first terminal segment, the second terminal segment, and the intermediate segment are arranged point-symmetrically with respect to the center of gravity of the fixed frame . The inspection hatch described in claim 1, wherein the abutting surfaces of two adjacent segments at right angles at each corner of the fixed frame are inclined at 45 degrees relative to the longitudinal direction of each side of the fixed frame. a rectangular fixing frame provided under the ceiling board or under the floor board and arranged along an opening formed in the ceiling board or the floor board;
In the inspection hatch, a heat insulating material is arranged in a rectangular frame shape on the fixed frame and is composed of a plurality of segments,
At least three or more of the segments are arranged on each side of the fixed frame,
The plurality of segments constituting the heat insulating material are classified into first terminal segments located on one end side of each side of the fixed frame, second terminal segments located on the other end side of each side of the fixed frame, and intermediate segments located between the first terminal segments and the second terminal segments on each side of the fixed frame,
An inspection hatch in which the abutting surfaces of each adjacent first terminal segment and intermediate segment are each inclined at 45 degrees relative to the longitudinal direction of each side of the fixed frame, and the abutting surfaces of each adjacent second terminal segment and intermediate segment are each inclined at 45 degrees relative to the longitudinal direction of each side of the fixed frame. a rectangular fixing frame provided under the ceiling board or under the floor board and arranged along an opening formed in the ceiling board or the floor board;
In the inspection hatch, a heat insulating material is arranged in a rectangular frame shape on the fixed frame and is composed of a plurality of segments,
At least three or more of the segments are arranged on each side of the fixed frame,
The plurality of segments constituting the heat insulating material are classified into first terminal segments located on one end side of each side of the fixed frame, second terminal segments located on the other end side of each side of the fixed frame, and intermediate segments located between the first terminal segments and the second terminal segments on each side of the fixed frame,
An inspection hatch in which the first terminal segment, the second terminal segment, and the intermediate segment are arranged point-symmetrically with respect to the center of gravity of the fixed frame. An inspection hatch as described in claim 1 or 4, wherein the abutting surfaces of each adjacent first terminal segment and intermediate segment are each inclined at 45 degrees relative to the longitudinal direction of each side of the fixed frame, and the abutting surfaces of each adjacent second terminal segment and intermediate segment are each inclined at 45 degrees relative to the longitudinal direction of each side of the fixed frame. The inspection hatch described in claim 2, wherein each segment is a long segment with both ends positioned at the corners of the fixed frame. An inspection hatch as described in any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein an engagement protrusion is formed on the abutment surface of one of the two segments adjacent at right angles at each corner of the fixed frame, and an engagement hole for engaging the engagement protrusion of one of the segments is formed on the abutment surface of the other segment. a rectangular fixing frame provided under the ceiling board or under the floor board and arranged along an opening formed in the ceiling board or the floor board;
In the inspection hatch, a heat insulating material is arranged in a rectangular frame shape on the fixed frame and is composed of a plurality of segments,
At least three or more of the segments are arranged on each side of the fixed frame,
abutting surfaces of two adjacent segments at right angles at each corner of the fixed frame are inclined at 45 degrees with respect to the longitudinal direction of each side of the fixed frame,
An inspection hatch in which an engagement protrusion is formed on the abutment surface of one of the two segments that are adjacent at right angles at each corner of the fixed frame, and an engagement hole is formed on the abutment surface of the other segment for engaging the engagement protrusion of one of the segments. The inspection hatch described in claim 1, wherein the multiple segments constituting the insulation material are classified into L-shaped segments arranged at each corner of the fixed frame and intermediate segments arranged between two L-shaped segments on each side of the fixed frame. 10. The inspection hatch according to claim 9 , wherein the abutting surfaces of each adjacent L-shaped segment and each intermediate segment are inclined at 45 degrees relative to the longitudinal direction of each side of the fixed frame. a rectangular fixing frame provided under the ceiling board or under the floor board and arranged along an opening formed in the ceiling board or the floor board;
In the inspection hatch, a heat insulating material is arranged in a rectangular frame shape on the fixed frame and is composed of a plurality of segments,
At least three or more of the segments are arranged on each side of the fixed frame,
The plurality of segments constituting the heat insulating material are classified into L-shaped segments arranged at each corner of the fixed frame and L-shaped, and intermediate segments arranged between two of the L-shaped segments at each side of the fixed frame,
An inspection hatch in which the abutting surfaces of each adjacent L-shaped segment and intermediate segment are inclined at 45 degrees relative to the longitudinal direction of each side of the fixed frame. 12. An inspection hatch according to claim 3 , 8 or 11 , wherein a rectangular frame-shaped recess is formed in the fixed frame, and each segment is fitted into or engaged with the recess of the fixed frame. An inspection hatch as described in any one of claims 1 to 12 , characterized in that the insulation material is composed of a polystyrene-based resin foam or a polyolefin-based resin foam having an expansion ratio of 10 times or more and less than 100 times. 2. A method for installing a heat insulating material in a rectangular frame shape in a rectangular fixed frame used for an inspection hatch according to claim 1 ,
a first terminal segment, an intermediate segment, and a second terminal segment are sequentially attached to a first side of the fixed frame;
Next, the first terminal segment, the intermediate segment, and the second terminal segment are sequentially attached to a second side portion adjacent to the first side portion of the fixing frame at a right angle;
Furthermore, the first terminal segment, the intermediate segment, and the second terminal segment are sequentially attached to a third side portion adjacent to the second side portion of the fixing frame at a right angle;
Then, the first terminal segment is attached to one end side of a fourth side portion adjacent to the third side portion and the first side portion of the fixed frame at right angles, and the second terminal segment is attached to the other end side of the fourth side portion of the fixed frame, and the intermediate segment is pushed and attached between the first terminal segment and the second terminal segment at the fourth side portion of the fixed frame. a rectangular fixing frame provided under the ceiling board or under the floor board and arranged along an opening formed in the ceiling board or the floor board;
In the inspection hatch, a heat insulating material is arranged in a rectangular frame shape on the fixed frame and is composed of a plurality of segments,
At least three or more of the segments are arranged on each side of the fixed frame,
In a method for installing insulation material for arranging insulation material in a rectangular frame shape in a rectangular fixed frame used for an inspection hatch, the plurality of segments constituting the insulation material are classified into first terminal segments located on one end side of each side of the fixed frame, second terminal segments located on the other end side of each side of the fixed frame, and intermediate segments located between the first terminal segment and the second terminal segment on each side of the fixed frame,
a first terminal segment, an intermediate segment, and a second terminal segment are sequentially attached to a first side of the fixed frame;
Next, the first terminal segment, the intermediate segment, and the second terminal segment are sequentially attached to a second side portion adjacent to the first side portion of the fixing frame at a right angle;
Furthermore, the first terminal segment, the intermediate segment, and the second terminal segment are sequentially attached to a third side portion adjacent to the second side portion of the fixing frame at a right angle;
Then, the first terminal segment is attached to one end side of a fourth side portion adjacent to the third side portion and the first side portion of the fixed frame at right angles, and the second terminal segment is attached to the other end side of the fourth side portion of the fixed frame, and the intermediate segment is pushed and attached between the first terminal segment and the second terminal segment at the fourth side portion of the fixed frame.