JP7770029B2 - Building wall - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to building walls.

International Publication WO 2017/081212 A1 discloses a method for manufacturing a building with multiple walls. First, a flexible envelope foam is spread into a predetermined position. Next, a foam material is filled into the flexible envelope foam, and the foam material is subsequently cured to form stable walls.

German Patent Publication DE 19950139 A1 discloses a method for closing the gaps between the beams of a roof truss. The beams provide sufficient mechanical stability. In this case, the strips are attached to the beams with clamps and then filled with foam. The grid spacing between the spacers is relatively large, exceeding approximately 10 cm, which leads to relatively large deformations of the surface, but this is acceptable for the roof structure. The intermediate spaces delimited and filled by the sheets extend continuously, for example, from the purlin to the ridgepole (Sp. 1, Z. 11ff), and are usually well over 2 meters long. A similar structure is known from German Patent Publication DE 3502323 A1.

The aim is to provide improved building walls.

The objective underlying the present invention is solved by the building wall, building, and method described in the main claim, while embodiments are the subject of the subclaims and description.

The present invention includes a building wall, which may be a floor wall, roof wall, or side wall of a building. The wall has a base frame including a plurality of braces. The braces are preferably formed from wood. The base frame defines spaces between the braces. The spaces are filled with a foam filling material.

In one embodiment, the intermediate space is delimited by an envelope foam, in particular a woven foam, adjacent to the brace. In particular, the envelope foam delimits the intermediate space transversely to the wall surface, while the brace delimits the intermediate space parallel to the wall surface.

In particular, multiple spaces are formed between each other, each separated by horizontal braces.

Each intermediate space can have its own envelope form, so that several arranged envelope forms are provided above and below one wall.

Alternatively, a common first shell (external or internal) can be provided in some intermediate spaces on at least one side. If there is a common first shell on one side, the envelope form is placed around the brace, starting from the side with the common first shell, and attached to it from both sides. For this purpose, the brace can be guided through a passage between two adjacent second shells (external or internal).

In another embodiment, both the outer and inner shells are designed to define multiple intermediate spaces. In this case, individual braces are inserted through insertion channels in a pre-assembled envelope form. The envelope form can then have continuous shells on both sides.

The division of a wall into multiple intermediate spaces arranged one above the other favors the formation of uniformly filled intermediate spaces. The height of a single intermediate space is therefore limited by the horizontal braces. As a result, a new intermediate space begins at each horizontal brace. For uniformly filled intermediate spaces, it is preferable that the total filling height is low. In particular, the height of the intermediate spaces in the side walls is a maximum of 1.5 m, in particular a maximum of 70 cm.

In one embodiment, the envelope form includes an outer shell defining an intermediate space outside the wall and an inner shell defining an intermediate space inside the wall.

In one embodiment, the outer shell and the inner shell are connected to one another by at least one connecting thread, in particular by a plurality of connecting threads. The connecting threads in particular bridge the intermediate space. In one embodiment, the envelope foam is pre-manufactured with the outer shell, the inner shell, and the connecting threads.

In one embodiment, the envelope form is attached to the braces of the base frame. In this case, the outer shell is fixed to the outside of the braces of the base frame, and/or the inner shell is fixed to the inside of the braces of the base frame. The fixing is particularly performed in such a way that the braces at least partially limit the space to be filled with the filling material in the direction of the wall surface.

In one embodiment, two adjacent intermediate spaces within a wall are each bounded by two separate outer shells and/or two separate inner shells. In this case, adjacent intermediate spaces within a wall are each bounded by two separate envelope forms. In particular, when using prefabricated envelope forms with connecting threads, it is not possible to simply bound several intermediate spaces with a common envelope, since the envelope must pass through the intermediate space in each case. Possibilities for resolving this conflict are described within the scope of this application.

In one embodiment, a common brace is positioned between two adjacent intermediate spaces. The two separate outer and/or inner shells are attached to the common brace.

In one embodiment, the wall, and in particular the base frame of the wall, includes several intermediate spaces between them. These intermediate spaces are separated from each other by a common brace. Dividing the wall into several sections creates several smaller intermediate spaces, which are then filled individually. Tests have shown that a foam quality of the plastic foam that meets the high requirements of the wall or roof element in terms of strength, impermeability, and thermal conductivity can be achieved, especially when the size, and in particular the height, of each filled intermediate space is relatively small. Furthermore, the additional braces improve the stability and dimensional stability of the base frame, and therefore of the finished wall.

In one embodiment, the wall is a floor wall, particularly one placed on uneven ground. The intermediate space is at least indirectly delimited on the floor side by the ground. The foil can delimit the intermediate space below and can in particular be placed on the floor. The advantage is that no substantial preparation work on the ground is required. The foil can be applied to untreated ground, and irregularities are automatically leveled by the infill material. The foil prevents material interaction between the ground and the infill material.

In one embodiment, the intermediate space, particularly for the bottom wall, is filled in layers with several amounts of filler material. Filling in layers can improve the quality of the foamed material. In particular, the material has a uniform density distribution, which prevents the filler material from peeling off from the wall during hardening, which would otherwise occur.

In one embodiment, the intermediate space is bounded at the top by a plank, which in particular includes a plurality of holes for introducing the filler material. The plank forms a defined closure of the intermediate space at the top, allowing the floor to be broad and flat at the top. In particular, the plank is considered a component of the mold, since it is already connected to the intermediate space when the filler material is filled in. The holes in the plank are particularly useful for admitting the small amount of filler material needed to completely fill the intermediate space.

The present invention further relates to a building having a plurality of walls of the aforementioned type.

The present invention further comprises:
providing a base frame;
fastening the envelope form to a base frame;
and filling the intermediate space with at least a quantity of filler material, which filler material is foamed after filling.

In one embodiment, a pre-fabricated envelope form is used, whereby the inner shell of the envelope form is joined to the outer shell of the envelope form by connecting threads before the envelope form is attached to the base frame. This allows for easy assembly of the envelope form on-site, as only pre-fabricated elements need to be inserted and fastened.

In one embodiment, the envelope foam passes at least partially through the intermediate space. Furthermore, the outer shell of the envelope foam is attached to the brace on the outside of the wall, and the inner shell of the envelope foam is attached to the brace on the inside of the wall. In this manner, the inner and outer shells, firmly attached by connecting threads, can be attached to a prefabricated base frame.

The inner and/or outer shells can be fixed to the brace using a sealing layer (e.g., adhesive tape, elastic or paste-like sealing material) and clips hammered into the brace. This is a simple and stable method that does not require special tools.

In one embodiment, the outer shell and/or the inner shell are pressed against the brace with fastening fasteners. In particular, the outer shell or the inner shell is clamped between the fasteners and the brace, thereby enabling a secure fastening and sealing. The fasteners are in particular arranged circumferentially around the intermediate space, whereby the fasteners can also be arranged with several individual fastener parts (the fasteners do not have to be individual fastener parts that are integral and closed all around).

In particular, the following basic conditions need to be considered:

In particular, when foaming filler materials using foam plastics such as polyurethane, polystyrene, and PIR (polyisocyanurate), only a limited amount of foam material can be introduced into the intermediate spaces in the time available "in one shot." Therefore, each intermediate space is relatively small in size. If a large amount of filler material is inserted simultaneously, the heat of reaction in the intermediate spaces can cause overheating, potentially damaging the frame, filler material, or other elements.

The walls preferably support the mechanical load-bearing capacity in addition to the thermal properties of the wall. The base frame can therefore be manufactured in a much more cost-effective manner. For mechanical strength, it is advantageous if the foam forms a direct material bond with the base frame. This is made possible by the application of high pressure during manufacturing.

Preferably, a predetermined pressure of the filler material is achieved within the intermediate space. To this end, a precisely calculated amount of filler material is filled into a defined intermediate volume and hardens into a foam of defined density.

High pressure is also advantageous for:
- Avoid large voids in the filling material (preventing thermal bridging and reducing mechanical strength).
- Avoiding gaps/delamination between the base frame and the filling material (preventing thermal bridging, loss of mechanical strength, and leakage of air and water vapor).
- Increases foam strength due to compression that occurs during the foaming process.

The required pressure build-up and, in particular, the limitation of the amount of fill material introduced at one time, require an intermediate space of defined size, closed on all sides. Furthermore, overflow of foam into adjacent chambers during foaming must be avoided, as otherwise the pressure will not be set correctly and, if necessary, the fill material may flow into the adjacent intermediate space and foam there in an uncontrolled manner.

Intermediate spaces with large length or width dimensions (side lengths exceeding 1.5 m), especially if foamed with inappropriate pressure, tend to cause the hardened filler material to shrink and change the shape of the base frame (e.g., bow inward). Therefore, to keep the side lengths of the intermediate spaces small and limit bending, sealing and reinforcing braces, especially horizontal braces, are inserted at regular intervals (e.g., approximately 0.5 to 1 m).

To optimally fill the intermediate spaces, the foam material has a particularly low viscosity. This low viscosity remains during and immediately after foaming, so the intermediate spaces must be completely sealed.

Preferably, the inner and outer shells are joined to the base frame, in particular by double-sided adhesive tape or an elastic or pasty sealing material.

Preferably, the filling of the intermediate space takes place through an opening in the base frame or through a raised edge in the envelope foam. The opening is then closed, for example, by a plug, or the raised area is sealed, in particular by a clip, especially during the foaming stage, in particular by a wooden or metal strip.

Preferably, vents (e.g., holes) are provided in the upper corners to allow air to escape from within the element, otherwise the intermediate space in the upper region would not be completely filled.

The advantages and embodiments mentioned with respect to the method and apparatus are also applicable to the apparatus and method.

The present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

1 is a side wall base frame according to the present invention; 3 shows different aspects of the wall envelope form according to the present invention in one embodiment. Process steps for the manufacture of side walls or roof walls. 1 is a base frame of a bottom wall according to the present invention. 1 is a process step for the manufacture of the bottom wall. 4 is a wall envelope form according to the invention in a further embodiment. 4 is a wall envelope form according to the invention in a further embodiment.

Figure 1 shows a plan view of a base frame 2 of a wall according to the present invention. The base frame includes a number of braces 21, 22, which are aligned in different directions, in particular transversely to one another, to form a wall surface. If the wall is a side wall, the first brace 21 is oriented vertically and the second brace 22 is oriented horizontally. In the case of wall elements, the individual braces 22 can also be aligned at an angle to the horizontal, for example to accommodate the roof slope in the case of a gable wall. In this case, the envelope form must be designed accordingly.

An intermediate space 23 is formed between the braces 21 and 22, which is filled with foam filling material during the wall manufacturing process.

Figure 2a shows a detailed view of the envelope form 3. This envelope form 3 defines an intermediate space 23 transverse to the wall surface. The envelope form 3 includes an outer shell 31 that covers the intermediate space 23 on the outer side 11 of the wall and an inner shell 32 that covers the intermediate space 23 on the inner side 12 of the wall (Figures 2b and 2c). The outer cover 31 is connected to the inner cover 32 by a number of connecting threads 33. When the intermediate space 23 is filled with filler material, the filler material generates internal pressure in the outer shell 31 and the inner shell 32. The connecting threads keep the outer shell 31 and the inner shell 32 at a predetermined distance from each other, preventing bulging. Additionally, the flexural rigidity of the wall can be increased by pushing in the filler material and tensioning the connecting threads (similar to reinforced concrete).

Walls need to be constructed so that the infill material provides a significant part of their stability. Because the base frame is so small, the required load-bearing capacity of the wall may not be provided by the frame alone. The frame can therefore be constructed much cheaper than a wall manufactured by classical carpentry using, for example, a wooden frame.

To provide the load-bearing capacity of the wall primarily through the filler material, it is necessary to introduce the filler material into the intermediate space so that a high pressure (overpressure) of at least 1.2 bar is generated in the intermediate space during foaming. In particular, the filler material permanently generates a particularly significant overpressure of at least 1.2 bar in the outer and inner shells, even in the hardened state. To take advantage of this, a number of further configurations are advantageous.

During filling, the amount of fill material is very important, as it has a decisive influence on the generation of an advantageous minimum pressure during hardening. Therefore, it is advantageous for stability if the most accurate amount of fill material is filled into the intermediate space. The density of the fill material in the intermediate space is used as a target parameter that can vary depending on the application and material. For example, a density of 50 kg/m ³ (cubic meter) is required to form a sturdy wall. From this, the exact amount of fill material to be filled into the intermediate space can be calculated, taking into account the volume of the intermediate space. The filling is then carried out with the precisely calculated amount of fill material. The optimal pressure of the fill material, specifically at least 1.2 bar during hardening, is then automatically set.

The high number of connecting threads per unit area can be seen in Figure 2, which ensures that the finished wall surface has as uniform a shape as possible and allows for high compressive strength of the envelope material. A preferred number of connecting threads per unit area is, in particular, at least 100, preferably at least 200, or 1000, or 2000 connecting threads per square meter. The connecting threads are in each case particularly evenly distributed over the length x and width y.

The distance between two adjacent connecting threads in the length direction x and width direction y is in particular at most 5 cm, in particular at most 2 cm. In particular, at least the individual connecting threads are at a distance of at most 10 mm from each other.

The intermediate space is relatively small. This is the only way to achieve uniform high pressure within the packing material, dimensional stability, and a sufficiently low reaction temperature. The side lengths of the intermediate space, i.e., the length of the intermediate space 23 (x direction) and the width of the intermediate space 23 (y direction), are a maximum of 1.5 m, preferably a maximum of 1.2 m.

Such envelope forms 3 can be pre-manufactured. For assembly, the envelope forms 3 should be partially passed through the intermediate spaces 23 from one side. Thus, each envelope form is only used to delimit a single intermediate space 23.

Figure 3 shows the steps in the manufacture of a wall in cross section. On the outside of wall 11 and on the inside of wall 12, braces 21, 22 are each provided with double-sided adhesive tape 57 (Figure 3a). Using adhesive tape 57, outer shell 31 is attached to the outside of braces 21, 22, and inner shell 32 is attached to the inside of braces 21, 22 (Figures 3b and 3c). As an alternative to adhesive tape, other (especially elastic or pasty) adhesive and/or sealing media can also be used.

Now, a further envelope form 3b is attached to the brace to which the envelope form is already attached. If there is still enough adhesive tape remaining, another envelope form can be attached with this adhesive tape. Otherwise, a second double-sided adhesive tape 57b is attached to the first envelope form 3 in the brace area, thereby fastening the further envelope form 3b to the brace. For permanent fastening, circumferential fasteners 58 are attached to the envelope form in the brace area and are fastened to the brace separately, i.e., in addition to the adhesive tape. This can be done by a screw connection 59 to the brace (Figure 3d). This ensures permanent fastening of the envelope form to the brace, even if the adhesive strength decreases with age. Staples or nails can also be used as fasteners for the envelope form.

However, this overlapping arrangement of the envelope forms in the brace area is not required. It is also possible to attach the envelope forms adjacent to each other to a common brace, provided there is sufficient space for this. Two adjacent envelope forms can then be attached to the common brace using a shared adhesive tape or two separate adhesive tapes.

The space 3 is then filled with a foamable filling material 4 (Figure 3e).

Figure 6 shows a variant of the envelope form 3 according to Figure 2a. The envelope form is designed to delimit several intermediate spaces. For example, the outer shell 31 is designed to be integrated for several intermediate spaces. Several separate inner shells 32 are formed to delimit only one intermediate space at a time. Passages 34 are therefore provided between the individual inner shells, through which the braces 22, in particular the cross braces, can pass between the two inner shells to reach their destination between the connecting threads 33. The envelope form 3 as well as the base frame 2 can be pre-assembled to a large extent.

The inner and outer shells are then attached to the brace as described above.

Figure 7 shows a further modification of the envelope form 3 according to Figure 2a. The envelope form is designed to delimit several intermediate spaces. The outer shell 31 and the inner shell are therefore designed to be integrated with respect to several intermediate spaces. There are insertion channels 35 for braces (in particular cross braces 22), which can pass through the connecting threads. After passing through, the passed brace 22 can be connected to another brace 21 (in particular vertical brace 21). In this embodiment, too, the envelope form 3 and the base frame 2 can be pre-assembled to a large extent. In the case of the base frame, the vertical braces 21 must subsequently be attached to the horizontal braces 22.

Next, attach the inner and outer covers to the brace as described above.

Figure 4a shows the base frame 2 in one embodiment of the bottom wall. The base frame 2 has first and second braces 21, 22 aligned in different directions and forming an intermediate space 23 between them. The intermediate space 23 can be further substructured by an intermediate brace 24, as shown in Figure 4b.

Figure 4b shows a cross section of a plank 55 that covers the intermediate space 23 during the manufacturing process of the bottom wall. The plank 55 can also be used in the design according to Figure 4a (without the intermediate brace 24).

Figure 5 shows a further step in manufacturing the bottom wall 1B on uneven ground 91.

A foil 52 is placed on the ground 91. Several ground anchors 51 are inserted into the ground (Figure 5a). The ground anchors 51 are designed to apply tension to the ground 91. When the ground anchors 51 penetrate the foil 52, the foil 52 must be sealed with the ground anchors 51.

Such a ground anchor 51 may include a threaded rod fixed into the ground.

A grounding bracket 53 is attached to each tie rod 51 by a grounding fixture 54 (Figure 5b). The grounding bracket may be an L-shaped bracket. The grounding fixture 54 may include, for example, a nut attached to a threaded rod. Each brace 21, 22 of the base frame 2 in Figure 4 is attached to the grounding fixture 54.

This creates an intermediate space 23 between the braces 21, 22, which is then filled with a foam filling material. The excess foil can be trimmed off (Figure 5c).

The filling process then begins (Figure 5d). First, a first amount of foamable filling material 41 is introduced into the intermediate space 23. This first amount is placed in the edge areas of the intermediate space 23, particularly in the corner areas of the braces 21, 22. The areas of the grounding fixtures and metal fittings are also surrounded by filling material. The initial filling, which is a small amount of filling material, seals the individual intermediate spaces from each other and the underside of the frame against the foil. This small amount of filling material prevents the base frame from being lifted by the pressure of the foam. The first amount of filling material 41 is then allowed to harden for a few minutes.

A second amount of filler material is then introduced into the intermediate space 23 (Fig. 5e). In the area of the intermediate space, the ground surface 91 is covered with a thin layer of filler material over the entire surface. The filler material also flows into any gaps between or under the braces that occurred during the pressureless hardening of the previous fill. This closes these gaps and ensures a good bond with the frame material. The intermediate space 23 is not completely filled. The second amount of filler material 42 is then allowed to harden for a few minutes.

The above process can now be repeated as many times as necessary until the filler material reaches approximately the predetermined average distance D (here, for example, 4 cm) from the upper edge O of the brace (Figure 5f). For example, a third amount of filler material 43 is applied to the second amount of filler material 42 and then allowed to harden for several minutes. If any portions of the hardened filler material protrude above the brace, these portions can simply be cut off and placed within the space 23, after which they are surrounded by the next amount of filler material.

Here, the upper part of the intermediate space 23 is covered with a thick plate 55. The thick plate 55 has holes 56, each with a diameter of approximately 10 mm, spaced at regular intervals of approximately 40 to 80 cm.

Now the final amount of filler material 44 is introduced through these holes 56 (Figure 5h). This amount then foams and fills the intermediate space 23 completely, at least over most of its surface, up to the top plank 55 (Figure 5i). It is important that the final amount of 44 added is not too much, as otherwise too much pressure from below on the plank 55 may occur, causing it to bulge.

1 wall 11 outside wall 12 inside wall 2 base frame 21 first brace/vertical brace 22 second brace/horizontal brace 23 intermediate space 24 intermediate brace 3 envelope form 31 outer shell 32 inner shell 33 connecting thread 34 passage 35 insertion channel 4 filling material 41 first filling amount filling material 42 second filling amount filling material 43 third filling amount filling material 44 final filling amount filling material 51 ground anchor 52 foil 53 ground fitting 54 ground fixing device 55 plank 56 hole 57 double-sided adhesive tape 58 fastener 59 wood screw D distance O upper edge of brace 91 ground 100 building

Claims (25)

A building wall (1 ) with a base frame (2),
A plurality of braces (21, 22),
The base frame (2) forms intermediate spaces (23) between the braces;
The intermediate space (23) is filled with a foam filling material (4),
the base frame (2) is dimensioned such that the required load-bearing capacity of the building wall is not provided by the base frame;
A building wall (1) in which said filled intermediate space (23) is bounded by a textile envelope form (3) . The envelope form (3) comprises an outer shell (31) that bounds the intermediate space (23) on the outer side of the wall (11),
2. A building wall (1) according to claim 1 , characterized in that the envelope form (3) comprises an inner shell (32) which bounds the intermediate space (23) on the inner side (12) of the wall. The outer shell (31) and the inner shell (32) are connected to each other by at least one connecting thread (33) ,
3. A building wall (1) according to claim 2 , characterized in that the connecting thread (33) bridges the intermediate space (23). 4. A building wall (1) according to claim 3 , characterized in that the connecting threads (33) are uniformly distributed over the length direction (x) and width direction (y), respectively. Adjacent connecting threads (34) in the length direction (x) and the width direction are at a distance of at most 5 cm from each other; and/or
5. A building wall (1) according to claim 4 , characterized in that in the intermediate space (23) there is an average number of at least 100 connecting threads (33 ) per square meter. the filling material is placed under an internal pressure of at least 1.2 bar (overpressure) after hardening and/or during foaming and hardening, and/or
Building wall (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , characterized in that the filling material exerts a pressure load (overpressure) of at least 1.2 bar on the inner shell and/or the outer shell. Building wall (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , characterized in that the base frame (2 ) comprises filling openings for filling the intermediate spaces with the filling material. Building wall (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , characterized in that the envelope form (3) is attached to braces (21, 22) of the base frame (2). A building wall (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that two adjacent intermediate spaces (23a, 23b ) in the wall are each bounded by two separate outer shells (31) and/or each bounded by two separate inner shells (32). 10. The building wall (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that a common brace (22g) is arranged between the two adjacent intermediate spaces, and the two separate outer shells (31) and/or inner shells ( 32 ) are attached to the common brace. The envelope form (3) has a first shell (31) designed to delimit a plurality of intermediate spaces,
The envelope form (3) has at least two separate second shells (22) each designed to delimit an intermediate space;
11. A building wall (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the two separate second shells (32) are connected to the first shell (31) via connecting threads (33), and a passage ( 34 ) is provided between the two second shells (32) for the passage of braces (22). The envelope form (3) has a first shell (31) designed to delimit a plurality of intermediate spaces,
The envelope form (3) has a second shell (32) designed to delimit a plurality of intermediate spaces,
The building wall (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the second shell (32) is connected to the first shell (31) via the connecting threads (33), and an insertion channel (35) for passing a brace (22) is provided between the first shell ( 31 ), the second shell (32) and the connecting threads (33). The building wall (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the building wall (1) has a plurality of intermediate spaces (23) between them, each of the intermediate spaces (23) being separated from the others by a brace ( 22 ). A building wall (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the building wall is a floor wall (1B), a roof wall (1D) or a side wall (S). The wall is a side wall (S) or a roof wall (1D),
15. The building wall (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the base frame (2) has at least three horizontal braces (22) arranged one above the other so as to form a plurality of intermediate spaces (23) arranged one above the other . The building wall (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the wall is a floor wall ( 1B ) arranged on the ground (91), and the intermediate space (23) is at least indirectly bounded on the floor side by the ground (91). Building wall (1B) according to any one of claims 1 to 16 , characterized in that the intermediate space (23) is filled in layers with several amounts of filling material (41, 42, 43, 44). 18. A building wall (1B) according to claim 16 or 17 , characterized in that the intermediate space (23) is delimited at the top by a plank (56). A building comprising a plurality of walls (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 18 . A method for manufacturing a wall according to any one of claims 1 to 18 , comprising the steps of:
providing said base frame (2);
Fixing the envelope form (3) to the base frame (2);
and filling the intermediate space (23) with at least a certain amount of filler material, the filler material foaming after filling. The envelope form (3) is pre-manufactured and/or
21. The method according to claim 20, wherein the inner shell (32) of the envelope form (3) is connected to the outer shell (31) of the envelope form (3) by a connecting thread (33) before the envelope form is attached to the base frame . The envelope foam (3) passes at least partially through the intermediate space (23),
22. The method according to claim 20 or 21, wherein the outer shell (31) of the envelope form (3) is fixed to braces (21, 22) on the outside of the wall and the inner shell (32) of the envelope form (3) is fixed to the braces ( 21 , 22 ) on the inside of the wall. 23. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 22 , characterized in that the filling material has a low viscosity when filled . 24. The method of claim 20 , wherein the outer shell (31) and/or the inner shell (32) are pressed against the braces (21, 22 ) by fasteners (58) to secure them. Prior to filling the intermediate space with a filler material, a target density of the filler material is determined;
determining an amount of filler material based on the target density and the volume of the intermediate space;
Method for manufacturing a wall according to any one of claims 20 to 24 , wherein subsequently filling of the intermediate space with the determined amount of filling material is carried out.