JP7779618B2 - Explosives loading system and face drilling machine - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an explosives loading system and a face drilling machine.

In the construction of mountain tunnels by blasting, workers work in close proximity to the tunnel face to load charge holes drilled in the tunnel face with explosives and other materials (such as clay). This poses a major challenge to safety in terms of preventing face collapses due to falling rocks and falling rocks. Furthermore, the task of loading charge holes involves repeated, simple steps of inserting the material into the hole and poking it with a loading rod, making it a demanding and difficult task in terms of both the working environment and posture. As the frontal view of the tunnel face increases and the number of charge holes increases, issues such as a decrease in work safety, increased work discomfort, and prolonged loading times become even more pronounced.
For the above reasons, there is a demand for an explosives loading system that can achieve high work safety, less work discomfort, and efficient loading work when loading explosives or other materials into a charge hole drilled in the working face.

Patent Document 1 discloses an explosive loading device that remotely loads explosives and charge materials into a charge hole. This explosive loading device includes an explosive supply device, a charge material supply device, a pressure feed device that pressure-feeds the supplied explosives or charge materials into the charge hole, and a control device that controls these various devices. The charge material supply device includes a single transport device for transporting the charge materials from the charge material storage area to the charge material drop section, one or more storage devices that store multiple charge materials that drop from the charge material drop section, and multiple drop paths that guide the charge materials that drop from the lower ends of the one or more storage devices to the loading hose.
In this explosive loading device, the explosives supplied from the explosive supply device and the charge material supplied from the charge material supply device are sent individually to one loading machine, and then individually pressure-fed to the charge hole by a pressure-feeding device via a filling hose and a filling pipe connected to the loading machine.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2019-113197

The explosive loading device described in Patent Document 1 allows explosives and charge materials to be loaded into a charge hole by remote control, thereby improving operational safety and reducing the laboriousness of the work. However, because the explosives and charge materials are loaded by pressure feeding them separately into the charge hole, in other words, because the explosives and charge materials cannot be loaded continuously or simultaneously, there is room for improvement in the efficiency of the loading work.

The objective of the present invention is to provide an explosives loading system that is safer, less arduous, and more efficient when loading explosives or other materials into charge holes drilled in the tunnel face, and to provide a tunnel face drilling rig equipped with this explosives loading system.

In order to achieve the above object, one aspect of the explosive loading system according to the present invention comprises:
An explosives loading system that loads a charge containing at least an explosive into a charge hole formed in a face,
A supply device that supplies the material to be charged;
a delivery device that delivers the charge supplied from the supply device to the charging hole;
The delivery device includes a delivery system through which the object is delivered, and a delivery means for moving the object in the delivery system,
The delivery system is characterized by comprising a first system that receives the loaded material from the supply device, and a second system that delivers the loaded material that has moved from the first system to the charging hole.

According to this aspect, the material to be loaded is supplied from the supply device to the first system of the delivery system that constitutes the delivery device, and the material to be loaded is delivered to the charging hole and loaded by the delivery means via the second system, thereby enabling efficient loading operations to be achieved.
Here, "a charge containing at least an explosive" includes a charge consisting of only an explosive and a charge consisting of an explosive and a filler. For example, when the charge is formed of an explosive and a filler, application of this system makes it possible to send the explosive and the filler into the charge hole successively or simultaneously.
Furthermore, when the loaded material is formed of explosives and fillers, the system may be provided with supply devices (explosive supply devices, filler supply devices) specific to the explosives and fillers, and the explosive supply devices and filler supply devices may be arranged in series along the first system, or one supply device may be provided with an explosive supply section and a filler supply section, and the explosives and fillers may be supplied to the first system from one supply device.
The explosive may be a parent die (including explosive and detonator) and an additional die, or an additional die only, but in the case where a parent die and an additional die are used, the explosive supply device may further include a parent die supply device and an additional die supply device in series along the first system. Also, to accommodate cases where multiple additional dies are loaded into the charge hole, multiple additional die supply devices may be provided in series along the first system.

Furthermore, multiple charges are continuously supplied to multiple charge holes in sequence, and the first system, which sends the supplied charges to the second system, is desirably linear, so it is preferable that the first system be formed from a relatively rigid pipe. On the other hand, the second system, which sends the charges supplied from the first system to the charge holes, has a length corresponding to the distance to the charge holes located at the face, is easy for workers to handle, and, like the first system, is desirably rigid enough to ensure linearity, so it is desirably formed from a combination of hose and pipe.

In another aspect of the explosive loading system according to the present invention,
the supply device includes a storage container that stores a plurality of the objects to be loaded, and a supply mechanism that receives one of the objects from the storage container and supplies it to the first system;
the storage container includes an upper storage section and a lower supply section extending from below the upper storage section to align the plurality of objects to be loaded in a row and supply the objects to the supply mechanism one by one;
The area of the bottom surface of the upper storage section on the side of the lower supply section is formed by a spring plate that moves up and down via a rotation shaft, and the spring plate is moved up and down by a first actuator.

According to this aspect, the storage container comprises an upper storage section and a lower supply section that extends from below the upper storage section to align multiple loaded objects in a row and supply the loaded objects one by one to the supply mechanism, and the area of the bottom surface of the upper storage section facing the lower supply section is formed by a spring plate that moves up and down via a pivot shaft, thereby preventing the loaded objects from clogging in the lower supply section, which supplies the loaded objects one by one to the supply mechanism, and preventing the loaded objects from becoming unable to be supplied to the first system due to clogging.
Here, the lower supply section has a height approximately equal to the diameter or maximum cross-sectional dimension of one of the charged objects and a linear shape extending diagonally downward, etc., so that the charged objects can be supplied one by one to the supply mechanism. For example, if the charged object is a cartridge-type water-containing explosive having a cylindrical outer shape, the lower supply section will have a height approximately equal to the diameter of the charged object, a width approximately equal to the length of the cylindrical shape, and extend diagonally downward. The upper storage section, which is large enough to store multiple charged objects at once, and the lower supply section, which supplies the charged objects one by one downward from the upper storage section, have an overall shape, for example, funnel-shaped, in side view.
The first actuator that moves the spring plate up and down may be a cylinder mechanism or the like, and the spring plate can be moved up and down by the reciprocating motion of a piston rod that constitutes the cylinder mechanism.Furthermore, a motor may be applied to the first actuator, and a cam may be attached to the rotating shaft of the motor, so that the cam intermittently pushes up the spring plate as the motor rotates.

In another aspect of the explosive loading system according to the present invention,
The jumping plate has a bent portion bent downward in a dogleg shape at an end portion of the region on the lower supply portion side,
The bent portion prevents the object from entering the space below the splash plate when the splash plate moves upward.

In this embodiment, the jumper plate has a bent portion that bends downward in a dogleg shape at the end of the area on the lower supply side, preventing the material from entering the space below the jumper plate.

In another aspect of the explosive loading system according to the present invention,
the supply mechanism includes a second actuator and a rotating body that receives the object to be loaded via a receiving groove in the process of being rotated by the second actuator;
When the receiving groove is oriented in the direction of the first system, the object is supplied from the receiving groove to the first system.

In this aspect, the load material supplied from the storage container is received by a rotor equipped with a receiving groove, and when the rotor rotates and the receiving groove is oriented toward the first system, the load material is supplied (e.g., dropped) into the first system, making it possible to efficiently and reliably supply a predetermined amount of load material to the first system.

In another aspect of the explosive loading system according to the present invention,
the supply device includes an outer box having an opening on the front surface, and the storage container housed inside the outer box so as to be freely accessible through the opening;
a storage door for storing the object to be loaded is provided on a side surface of the storage container;
a discharge door for discharging the loaded material is provided below the storage container;
The storage container is pulled out from the outer box, and the object to be loaded is stored in the storage container from the side through the storage door,
When the discharge door is opened, a plurality of the objects to be loaded are continuously discharged through the lower supply section.

According to this aspect, the supply device includes an outer box with an opening on the front, and a storage container housed inside the outer box so that it can freely enter and exit through the opening. The storage container has a storage door on its side for storing the objects to be loaded. This allows multiple objects to be quickly stored in an aligned manner from the side of the storage container. Furthermore, there is no risk of damage to the objects, which is a concern when, for example, the objects are dropped into the storage container from above.
Furthermore, a discharge door for discharging the loaded materials is provided below the storage container, and when the discharge door is opened, multiple loaded materials are continuously discharged through the lower supply section, so that when multiple loaded materials stored in the storage container need to be removed, all of the loaded materials can be removed quickly.

In another aspect of the explosive loading system according to the present invention,
The container is characterized in that transparent plates are provided on a portion of the front surface and a portion of the side surface, and the state of the loaded material can be easily seen through the transparent plates.

According to this embodiment, transparent plates are provided on part of the front and part of the side of the storage container, and the storage state of the loaded items can be easily seen through the transparent plates, making it possible to visually check whether multiple loaded items are stored in an aligned manner, or whether some of the loaded items are clogged in the middle of the storage container.
For example, if the overall shape from the upper storage section to the lower supply section is funnel-shaped as described above, a transparent plate along the funnel shape is provided on the front of the storage container, making it possible to check (visually confirm) the state of all the objects stored in the storage container from the outside. Here, a configuration in which transparent plates are provided on both the left and right side surfaces of the storage container is preferred.
In addition, a transparent plate is provided, for example, below the front surface of the storage container, and the rotating body that forms the supply mechanism inside the storage container can be seen through the transparent plate, so that it is possible to check from the brace through the transparent plate whether the loaded material is correctly received in the opening of the rotating body.

Another aspect of the explosive loading system according to the present invention is
A check valve or a ball valve is provided between the first system and the second system.

According to this aspect, a check valve or a ball valve is provided between the first system and the second system, so that the material sent to the second system can be prevented from returning to the first system.
Here, the ball valve has a rotating body with a through hole, and is controlled so that when the loaded material is passing through the through hole, the through hole faces the passages of the first and second systems, and when the loaded material is being sent to the charging hole, the through hole is positioned so that it does not face the passages.
On the other hand, the check valve includes not only a general check valve with an opening diameter narrowed in the discharge direction (direction from the first system to the second system), but also an on-off valve in which the opening size is automatically controlled when the loaded material passes through the check valve, narrowing or closing the opening.

In another aspect of the explosive loading system according to the present invention,
The delivery means includes a first delivery means for moving the charged material from the first system to an intermediate position of the second system, and a second delivery means for moving the charged material from an intermediate position of the second system to the charging hole,
the first delivery means is either a first pressure feeder or a unit including a cylinder mechanism and a push rod that is reciprocated in the first system by the cylinder mechanism,
The second delivery means is a second pressure feeder.

According to this aspect, by providing a first delivery means for moving the loaded material from the first system to an intermediate position in the second system, and a second delivery means for moving the loaded material from the second system to the charging hole, it is possible to smoothly move the loaded material in the first system and the second system and deliver it to the charging hole even if the total length of the first system and the second system is long.
When the first delivery means is a first pump such as a compressor, the material supplied to the first system is pumped by the first pump to an intermediate position in the second system via a ball valve or the like. At this time, it is preferable that the pumping force of the first pump is set so that the material is pumped to a predetermined position in the second system by the weight of the material and the dynamic friction between the material and the first and second systems.
Alternatively, a stopper may be provided at a predetermined position in the second system so that it can move in and out freely, and the stopper may extend into the inside of the second system before the first pumping machine pumps the loaded material, so that the loaded material pumped by the first pumping machine is stopped at a predetermined position in the second system by the stopper.

On the other hand, if the first delivery means is a unit consisting of a cylinder mechanism and a pusher rod that reciprocates in the first system using this cylinder mechanism, the cylinder mechanism is driven to use the pusher rod to deliver the loaded material to a predetermined position in the second system, and the cylinder mechanism is then driven to return the pusher rod to its original position (a position upstream of the supply device in the first system in the pushing direction), preparing to push in the next loaded material.

The second compressor in the second system, which sends the charged material to the charging hole, is formed, for example, by a compressor. When compressed air is supplied from the second compressor to the second system, lubricating water is simultaneously supplied to the second system, and the charged material and lubricating water are sent to the charging hole by the compressed air.

In another aspect of the explosive loading system according to the present invention,
The first system is characterized by being equipped with a weighing scale that measures the weight of the loaded material supplied from the supply device, or a limit switch that detects that the loaded material has been supplied to the rotating body.

According to this aspect, the first system is equipped with a weighing scale that measures the weight of the loaded material supplied from the supply device, or a limit switch that detects that the loaded material has been supplied to the rotating body, thereby ensuring that one loaded material is supplied from the storage container to the first system or the rotating body.
Furthermore, if a weighing scale is provided, it is possible to further ensure that a predetermined amount of explosives is being supplied to the first system. For example, the number (or weight) of explosives to be loaded into one charging hole varies depending on the tunnel being constructed or the explosives used. Therefore, by setting the weight of the explosives to be loaded on the weighing scale and measuring the weight of the explosives supplied to the first system with the weighing scale, the correct amount of explosives can be loaded into the charging hole via the first and second systems. Here, if the weight of the explosives measured by the weighing scale differs from the input value, an alarm can be sounded from the weighing scale, allowing the amount of explosives supplied to the first system to be confirmed and the correct amount of explosives to be supplied to the first system as necessary.

Further, one aspect of the face drilling machine according to the present invention is
A trolley and
a boom attached to the carriage so as to be able to rotate freely and rise and fall freely,
The supply device constituting the explosive loading system is mounted on the carriage,
A part or all of the second system is mounted on the boom.

According to this aspect, by using a face drilling machine equipped with the explosive loading system of the present invention, the tip of the second system is positioned at the charge hole to be loaded while moving and extending the boom, and the explosive loading system is activated to load the charge into the charge hole, thereby realizing remote work with workers away from the face and eliminating the need for workers to work close to the face, thereby improving work safety and eliminating work discomfort. Furthermore, by using a face drilling machine equipped with an explosive loading system, efficient loading work can be achieved.
Here, the face drilling rig may be equipped with one or more booms, with a man cage attached to the tip of the boom, and a worker riding in the man cage may position the tip of the second system of the explosive loading system in the charge hole. Even in this case, the worker riding in the man cage can position the tip of the loading pipe or the like that constitutes the second system in the charge hole while positioned, for example, 2 m or more away from the face (there is evidence that being within 1.5 m of the face is highly dangerous), thereby ensuring the safety of the worker's work. In addition to this embodiment, the supply device that constitutes the explosive loading system may also be mounted on a transport vehicle that does not have a boom.

Another aspect of the face drilling machine according to the present invention is
The boom is further characterized in that at least one of a drilling system and a charge hole cleaning system is mounted thereon.

According to this aspect, by further mounting at least one of a drilling system and a charge hole cleaning system on the boom, the drilling of charge holes in the face, cleaning of the charge holes, and loading of explosives, etc. into the cleaned charge holes can be performed continuously with a single boom, making it possible to efficiently perform a series of tasks from creating charge holes to loading of explosives, etc.
Here, the drilling drifter that constitutes the drilling system, the cleaning rod that constitutes the explosive hole cleaning system, and the second system (loading hose) that constitutes the explosive loading system are attached around the boom, and after the boom is positioned at the position of the explosive hole at the face, the boom (rotation unit) can be rotated to position either the drilling drifter, cleaning rod, or the loading hose of the second system in the specified position, and the desired work can be performed.

For example, after creating a charge hole of a specified length using a drilling drifter, the boom's rotation unit can be rotated to position the cleaning rod in the charge hole, the charge hole can be cleaned, and then the boom's rotation unit can be rotated to position the loading hose, allowing the material to be continuously loaded into the charge hole.

The explosive loading system and face drilling machine of the present invention enable the efficient loading work of loading explosives or other materials into charge holes drilled in the face with high work safety and minimal laboriousness.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of an example of a face drilling machine according to an embodiment, and also shows the overall configuration of an example of an explosive loading system according to an embodiment. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the configuration around the rotating unit at the tip of the boom of the face drilling machine. FIG. 10 is a front view of an example of three supply devices arranged side by side. 4 is a view seen from the arrow IV in FIG. 3, and is a plan view of an example of three supply devices arranged side by side, showing a state in which a storage container constituting one of the supply devices protrudes from an outer box and a storage door on the side of the storage container is open. 4 is a view taken along the line VV in FIG. 3, showing the inside of the supply device from the side. FIG. 6 corresponds to FIG. 5 and shows a state in which the storage container protrudes from the outer box. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware configuration of a control device. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a functional configuration of a control device. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a state in which the object to be loaded is supplied from the supply device to the first system. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a state in which the object to be loaded has been sent to an intermediate position in the second system. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the state in which the loaded material is being sent from the second system to the charging hole.

The explosives loading system and face drilling machine according to the embodiment will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that in this specification and drawings, substantially identical components will be designated by the same reference numerals, and redundant explanations may be omitted.

[Explosives loading system and face drilling machine according to the embodiment]
An example of an explosive loading system and a face drilling machine according to an embodiment will be described with reference to Figures 1 to 11. Here, Figure 1 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of an example of a face drilling machine according to an embodiment, and is also a diagram showing the overall configuration of an example of an explosive loading system according to an embodiment. Also, Figure 2 is a perspective view showing the configuration around a rotation unit at the tip of a boom of the face drilling machine.

Figure 1 shows a situation in which multiple charge holes H have been formed at a tunnel face K, which is constructed during the process of constructing a mountain tunnel by drilling bedrock G through blasting, and a face drilling machine 100 is positioned on the tunnel entrance side of the tunnel face K, with a charge material P (see Figures 5 and 6) being loaded into one of the charge holes H.

The face drilling machine 100 comprises a carriage 10 and multiple booms 14, 16 attached to the carriage 10 so that they can rotate and rise and fall freely (in the X1 and X3 directions), and the carriage 10 is equipped with an explosive loading system 50. Although not shown, the explosive loading system 50 may be mounted on a transport vehicle in addition to the carriage 10 that constitutes the face drilling machine 100.

The carriage 10 has an operator cabin 12, which houses a control device 40 that constitutes the explosive loading system 50.

One of the booms 14 attached to the carriage 10 is a cage boom with a man cage 15 at its tip that can rotate freely and can also extend and retract in the axial direction X4.The man cage 15 can always maintain a horizontal position as the cage boom 14 rises and falls in the X3 direction, allowing a worker aboard the man cage 15 to perform various tasks and give instructions to the operator.

On the other hand, the other boom 16 attached to the carriage 10 is a work boom used to perform explosive loading operations, etc., and is extendable and retractable in the axial direction X2, and is equipped with a rotation unit 17 at its tip.

As shown in Figure 2, in addition to the loading pipe 33c that constitutes the explosive loading system 50, a drilling rod 39A that constitutes a drilling system (not shown) and a cleaning rod 39B that constitutes a charge hole cleaning system (not shown) are attached around the rotation unit 17.

By rotating the rotation unit 17 in the X10 direction, the selected pipe or rod can be put into operation. For example, first, the drilling rod 39A is selected, and the drilling system is driven to create a charge hole H at the working face K. Next, the rotation unit 17 is rotated to position the cleaning rod 39B in the charge hole H, and the cleaning rod 39B is inserted into the charge hole H to drive the charge hole cleaning system. The charge hole H is cleaned by spraying high-pressure air or high-pressure water from the cleaning rod 39B (or by applying a cleaning tool on a screw). The rotation unit 17 is then rotated to position the loading pipe 33c in the charge hole H, and the loading pipe 33c is inserted into the charge hole H as shown in Figure 1, and the charge containing explosives is loaded into the charge hole H.

In this way, by equipping the rotation unit 17 with multiple types of work rods and pipes, it becomes possible to continuously perform multiple types of work with a single boom 16. Here, while Figure 1 shows a single work boom 16, multiple work booms may be provided on the cart 10, and the multiple work booms may be equipped with rods and pipes specific to each type of work (drilling, cleaning, loading).

The explosive loading system 50 mounted on the carriage 10 that constitutes the face drilling machine 100 has a supply device 20 that supplies the charged material, and a delivery device 30 that delivers the charged material supplied from the supply device 20 to the charging hole H. Furthermore, the explosive loading system 50 in the illustrated example has a control device 40 that controls the supply device 20 and the delivery device 30. However, the explosive loading system may also be configured without a control device.

On the carriage 10, three supply devices 20A to 20C, each containing multiple charges, are arranged in parallel in series above the first system 32 that constitutes the delivery device 30. The charges include at least explosives, and are available in forms containing only explosives, and forms containing both explosives and charge material (clay (filler) with a cross-sectional dimension sufficient to block the charge hole H). Here, the three supply devices 20A to 20C may each be configured to supply a main die, an additional die, and charge material to the first system 32. The charges include, for example, a cartridge-type water-containing explosive with a cartridge diameter of approximately 25 to 30 mm and a length of approximately 200 mm, and a detonator.

The multiple supply devices 20A, 20B, and 20C arranged in series each supply the materials to be loaded into the multiple charging holes H to the first system 32 in the Y1 to Y3 directions.

For example, when the load material P is supplied from supply device 20A and the load material P contained in supply device 20A falls into first system 32, next the load material P is supplied from supply device 20B and the load material P contained in supply device 20B falls into first system 32, and finally the load material is supplied from supply device 20C.

A drive command signal is sent from the control device 40 to the supply device 20, which drives the supply device 20 to supply the load material P to the first system 32. The specific configuration of this supply device 20 is described in detail below.

Returning to Figure 1, the delivery device 30 has a delivery system 31 that forms a route for delivering the loaded material P supplied from the supply device 20, a ball valve 34 located midway along the delivery system 31, and two types of delivery means: a first delivery means 35 and a second delivery means 36.

The delivery system 31 has a first system 32 that receives the charged material P from the supply device 20, and a second system 33 that delivers the charged material P transferred from the first system 32 to the charging hole H.

The first system 32 receives the materials P from each of the supply devices 20A to 20D arranged in series and sends them to the second system 33, so it requires linearity. Therefore, it is best to form it using a loading pipe made of a relatively rigid steel pipe, hard resin, or the like.

On the other hand, the second system 33 preferably has a relatively long length from the boundary with the first system 32 to the charging hole H at the working face K, and preferably provides good handling by operators at its intermediate position. Furthermore, it is preferable for the tip region for insertion into the charging hole H to be linear. Therefore, it is preferable for the side connected to the first system 32 to be equipped with a loading pipe 33a that ensures linearity, an intermediate position to be equipped with a loading hose 33b that provides good handling, and a unit structure equipped with a loading pipe 33c at the tip side of the charging hole H. The loading hose 33b is formed from a material that has a certain degree of rigidity and deformability, such as a relatively hard resin or a corrugated tube.

A ball valve 34 is provided at the boundary between the first system 32 and the second system 33. A first delivery means 35 is provided upstream of the first system 32 in the delivery direction (towards the tunnel entrance). After each load P is supplied to the first system 32, a drive command signal is sent from the control device 40 to the first delivery means 35, which drives the first delivery means 35 to deliver the load P in the Y5 direction to a midpoint in the second system 33 (for example, a midpoint in the loading pipe 33a).

The load material P that passes through the ball valve 34 and is sent to an intermediate position in the second system 33 is stopped at this intermediate position, and the ball valve 34 prevents it from being returned to the first system 32 (reverse movement).

The ball valve 34 is a control valve having a rotor 34a with a through-hole 34b. After the load P has been sent to a midway position in the second system 33, when a drive command signal is sent from the control device 40, the rotor 34a rotates, and the through-hole 34b is released from communication with the first system 32 and the second system 33, causing the valve to be controlled to close. In addition to the ball valve shown in the figure, the control valve may also be a check valve with an adjustable opening or a hinged valve that automatically closes after the load P has been sent from the first system 32 to the second system 33.

After the ball valve 34 is controlled to close, a drive command signal is sent from the control device 40 to the second delivery means 36 connected to the loading pipe 33a. The second delivery means 36 is driven to continuously deliver the material P to the loading hose 33b and loading pipe 33c in the Y8 and Y9 directions, and then the material P is loaded into the charging hole H.

Here, the first delivery means 35 that delivers the loaded material P in the first system 32 is a first pressure feeder formed by a compressor, and the loaded material P is pressure-fed by the compressed air supplied from the first pressure feeder 35 to the first system 32. Note that in addition to the compressor shown in the illustration, the first delivery means 35 may also be configured by a unit (not shown) formed by a cylinder mechanism and a push rod that reciprocates through the first system 32 by this cylinder mechanism.

Meanwhile, the second delivery means 36 that delivers the charged material P in the second system 33 is also a second pump formed by a compressor. The flow path connecting the second pump 36 and the second system 33 is connected to a flow path leading to the water tank 37, and lubricating water supplied from the water tank 37 in the Y6 direction is supplied to the second system 33 by compressed air pumped from the second pump 36 in the Y7 direction, and the charged material P and lubricating water are pressurized and delivered to the charging hole H by the compressed air.

Next, the configuration of the supply device 20 will be described with reference to Figures 3 to 6. Here, Figure 3 is a front view of an example of three supply devices arranged side by side. Also, Figure 4 is a view taken along the arrow IV in Figure 3, which is a plan view of an example of three supply devices arranged side by side, showing the storage container that makes up one of the supply devices protruding from the outer box and the storage door on the side of the storage container open. Figure 5 is a view taken along the arrow V-V in Figure 3, which is a side view of the inside of the supply device. Furthermore, Figure 6 is a view corresponding to Figure 5, showing the storage container protruding from the outer box. Here, Figure 5 does not show the numerous load items P stored in the storage container 22.

The illustrated supply device 20 has an outer box 21 with an opening 21b on the front surface 21a, a storage container 22 housed inside the outer box 21 and freely accessible through the opening 21b, and a supply mechanism 23 that supplies one loaded item P received from the storage container 22 to the first system 32.

In the illustrated example, the three adjacent supply devices 20A, 20B, and 20C all have the same structure, and the first system 32 is disposed below each supply device 20.

As shown in Figure 4, the storage container 22 slides forward in the Z1 direction from the outer box 21 and protrudes. The storage door 22d, which is hinged on the side of the storage container 22 and can be opened and closed freely, opens in the Z2 direction, opening the interior of the storage container 22 and allowing multiple items P to be stored in a stacked state, aligned from the side of the storage container 22.

As shown in Figure 3, a discharge door 22b is provided below the front surface 21a of the outer box 21 via a hinge so that it can be opened and closed freely. Almost the entire area of the discharge door 22b is formed by a transparent plate 22e, allowing the interior to be seen through the transparent plate 22e. When the storage container 22 is housed in the outer box 21, the front surface 22a of the storage container 22 is aligned on top of the discharge door 22b, and the two are locked together by a lock key 22h. To slide the storage container 22 out of the outer box 21, the lock key 22h is released and the container is pulled forward.

As shown in Figure 6, a slide rail 22g incorporating multiple wheels is provided at the top end of the storage container 22, and a slide rail 21c incorporating multiple wheels is also provided above the outer box 21. When both slide rails 21c and 22g are aligned and the wheels on both rails rotate, the storage container 22 is pulled forward in the Z1 direction from the outer box 21, and when pushed in the opposite direction, it is stored in the outer box 21.

As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the storage container 22 includes an upper storage section 22A that stores a large number of loaded items P in an aligned and stacked state, and a lower supply section 22B that extends from below the upper storage section 22A, aligns the loaded items P in a row, and supplies the loaded items P one by one to the supply mechanism 23.

As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the upper storage section 22A is large enough to accommodate a large number of objects P at once, and the lower supply section 22B, which supplies objects P downward one by one from the upper storage section 22A, has an overall funnel-like shape in side view. The lower supply section 22B extends diagonally downward from one end (the front end in the illustrated example) of the upper storage section 22A, then bends and extends vertically downward.

The vertical height of the lower supply section 22B is approximately the same as the cross-sectional diameter of the cylindrical load material P, and this height and linearity allow the load material P to be gently fed one by one in the Z7 direction and supplied to the supply mechanism 23 located below. This prevents damage to the load material P due to sudden and violent feeding.

As shown in Figure 5, one end of the bottom surface 24 of the upper storage section 22A is a pivot end 24d, and a pivot shaft 24e is provided at this pivot end 24d. A piston rod of a first actuator 25 formed by a cylinder mechanism is attached to the underside of the bottom surface 24 midway. Furthermore, the end of the area 24a on the lower supply section side of the bottom surface 24 is provided with a bent portion 24b that is bent in a dogleg shape.

By operating the first actuator 25 and reciprocating the piston rod diagonally up and down in the Z5 direction, the bottom surface 24 rotates slightly up and down around the rotation axis 24e, and this up and down rotation causes the bottom surface 24 to reciprocate diagonally up and down in the Z6 direction.

This reciprocating movement of the bottom surface 24 releases the tightly packed state of the multiple items P, even when a large number of items P are tightly packed inside the upper storage section 22A as shown in Figure 6, preventing the multiple items P from becoming clogged inside the upper storage section 22A and preventing them from moving, while ensuring the movement of the items P to the lower supply section 22B.

In this way, the bottom surface 24 reciprocates vertically around the pivot 24e, and this action pushes up the multiple loads P from below, releasing them from their tightly packed state, so it can also be called a spring plate.

In addition, a bent portion 24b bent in a dogleg shape is provided at the end of the region 24a on the lower supply side of the bottom surface 24, which prevents some of the loaded material P from entering the space 24c below the bottom surface 24 when the bottom surface 24 is raised upward. This prevents the loaded material P from entering the space 24c below and impeding the reciprocating movement of the bottom surface 24.

As shown in Figure 5, when the storage container 22 is housed inside the outer box 21, the object P is supplied from the storage container 22 to the supply mechanism 23 located below it.

The supply mechanism 23 has a second actuator 26 formed by a motor and a rotating body 27 rotated by the second actuator 26. The rotating body 27 is provided with a receiving groove 27a, and when the receiving groove 27a is aligned with the lower supply section 22B, one load item P is received by the receiving groove 27a.

The rotating body 27, with the object P received in the receiving groove 27a, rotates in the Z8 direction around its rotation axis, and when the receiving groove 27a reaches a diagonally downward position, the object P gradually begins to move due to its own weight.

A guide 29 is provided on the side of the rotor 27, extending in a slightly curved diagonal direction to gently guide the load item P to the first system 32 below. As the rotor 27 rotates, the load item P moves out of the receiving groove 27a, and is guided along the guide 29 to be supplied to the first system 32 without any impact.

A limit switch 28 is also provided on the side of the rotor 27. When the limit switch 28 is pressed by the rotation of the rotor 27, it is detected that one load item P has been supplied to the first system 32. This detection result is sent from the limit switch 28 to the control device 40. As shown in Figure 4, a pair of limit switches 28 are provided at a distance from each other. With this configuration, the left and right regions of the elongated load item P come into contact with both limit switches 28, making it possible to confirm that the load item P has been placed in the receiving groove 27a in the correct orientation.

Here, although not shown, a weight scale may be provided below the rotor 27 instead of the limit switch 28, and the weight scale may detect that the load item P has been supplied to the first system 32 and may also detect the weight of the load item P.

As shown in Figure 5, a discharge door 22f is provided on the underside of the lower supply section 22B so as to be rotatable in the Z4 direction, and a separate discharge door 22b is provided on the front surface of the outer box 21 so as to be rotatable in the Z3 direction. Furthermore, a transparent plate 22e is provided on the discharge door 22b, and a slit (not shown) is provided on the discharge door 22f for internal inspection.

When removing the loaded items P from the storage container 22, one of the discharge doors 22b is rotated open in the Z3 direction, and then the other discharge door 22f is rotated open in the Z4 direction, allowing multiple loaded items P to be continuously and efficiently discharged from the lower supply section 22B.

In addition, a transparent plate 22e is provided on the discharge door 22b, and a slit (not shown) for internal inspection is provided on the discharge door 22f, allowing the interior of the lower supply section 22B and the rotating body 27 to be viewed from the outside, making it possible to confirm that multiple load items P are moving without clogging in the lower supply section 22B, and that one load item P is being received in the correct orientation by the receiving groove 27a of the rotating body 27, etc.

As shown in Figure 6, a transparent plate 22e is also provided on the storage door 22d, which can be rotated on the side of the storage container 22. This transparent plate 22e allows the storage positions of the numerous items P stored in the storage container 22 to be confirmed.

Next, an example of the control of the explosive loading system by the control device will be described with reference to Figures 7 to 11. Here, Figure 7 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of the control device, and Figure 8 is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the control device. Also, Figure 9 is a diagram showing the state in which the loading material has been supplied from the supply device to the first system, Figure 10 is a diagram showing the state in which the loading material has been sent to an intermediate position in the second system, and Figure 11 is a diagram showing the state in which the loading material is being sent from the second system to the explosive hole.

As shown in FIG. 7, the control device 40 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 41, a main memory device 42, an auxiliary memory device 43, a communication IF (interface) 44, and an input/output IF 45, all of which are interconnected by a connection bus 46. The main memory device 42 and the auxiliary memory device 43 are computer-readable recording media. Note that the above components may be provided separately, or some components may not be provided.

The CPU 41 is also called an MPU (Microprocessor) or processor, and may be a single processor or a multiprocessor. The CPU 41 is a central processing unit that performs overall control of the control device 40, which is made up of a computer. The CPU 41, for example, deploys programs stored in the auxiliary storage device 43 in an executable form in the working area of the main storage device 42, and controls peripheral devices through the execution of the programs, thereby providing functions that meet specific purposes.

The main memory device 42 stores computer programs executed by the CPU 41 and data processed by the CPU 41. Examples of the main memory device 42 include flash memory, RAM (Random Access Memory), and ROM (Read Only Memory). The auxiliary memory device 43 stores various programs and data on a readable and writable recording medium and is also referred to as an external memory device. The auxiliary memory device 43 stores, for example, an OS (Operating System), various programs, and various tables. The OS includes, for example, a communication interface program that exchanges data with external devices connected via the communication IF 44. Examples of external devices include communication devices (none of which are shown) provided in the first pump 35, second pump 36, ball valve 34, limit switch 28, etc. Networks include public networks such as the Internet, wireless networks such as mobile phone networks, dedicated networks such as VPNs (Virtual Private Networks), and LANs (Local Area Networks).

The auxiliary storage device 43 is used, for example, as a storage area that supports the main storage device 42, and stores computer programs executed by the CPU 41, data processed by the CPU 41, etc. The auxiliary storage device 43 may be a silicon disk including non-volatile semiconductor memory (flash memory, EPROM (Erasable Programmable ROM)), a hard disk drive (HDD), a solid state drive, etc. Examples of the auxiliary storage device 43 include drives for removable recording media such as CD drives, DVD drives, and BD drives, and examples of removable recording media include CDs, DVDs, BDs, USB (Universal Serial Bus) memory, and SD (Secure Digital) memory cards.

The communication IF 44 is an interface with the network to which the control device 40 is connected. The communication IF 44 receives detection data via the network from the limit switch 28 indicating that the load material P has been supplied to the first system 32. Furthermore, when the load material P is to be sent out in the first system 32, a drive command signal is sent to the first pump 35, and when the load material P is to be sent out to the charge hole H in the second system 33, a drive command signal is sent to the second pump 36 after the ball valve 34 is closed.

The input/output IF 45 is an interface that inputs and outputs data between devices connected to the control device 40. Input devices such as a keyboard, a touch panel, a mouse, or other pointing device, and a microphone are connected to the input/output IF 45. The control device 40 receives operational instructions from an operator who operates the input device via the input/output IF 45.

In addition, the input/output IF 45 is connected to display devices such as liquid crystal displays (LCDs) and organic electroluminescence (EL) panels, as well as output devices such as printers and speakers. For example, of the charge holes H at the working face K stored in the control device 40, the charge hole H that is the target for loading the material P is displayed on the display device.

As shown in FIG. 8, the control device 40 provides various functions, such as at least a communication unit 402, a supply device drive unit 404, a delivery device drive unit 406, a ball valve drive unit 408, and a storage unit 410, through program execution by a CPU 41. Note that at least some of the above processing functions may be provided by a DSP (Digital Signal Processor), a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), or the like. Similarly, at least some of the above processing functions may be provided by dedicated LSIs (large scale integration) such as FPGAs (Field-Programmable Gate Arrays), numerical calculation processors, image processing processors, or other digital circuits.

The communication unit 402 is communicatively connected via a network to the communication IFs provided in each supply device 20, the first compressor 35, the second compressor 36, the ball valve 34, and the limit switch 28.

As shown in FIG. 9, a drive command signal S0 is sent from the supply device drive unit 404 of the control device 40 to the supply mechanism 23 (constituting the second actuator 26) of the supply device 20A, and the loaded material P is supplied from the supply device 20A to the first system 32.

Then, during the process of supplying the object P from the supply device 20A to the first system 32, the limit switch 28 detects the passage of the object P, and the detection data S1 is sent to the communication unit 402 of the control device 40. The detection data received by the communication unit 402 is then stored in the storage unit 410.

In response to the detection data being stored in the storage unit 410, a drive command signal S2 is transmitted from the delivery device drive unit 406 of the control device 40 to the first pressure feeder 35, as shown in FIG.
In addition to this automatic transmission of the drive command signal S2, when the detection data is stored in the storage unit 410, a notification that the preparation for sending out the loaded material P is complete may be displayed on the display device, and upon receiving this display, the operator may perform an operation to send the drive command signal S2 to the first pressure pump 35 via the device drive unit 406.

Upon receiving the drive command signal S2, the first pump 35 supplies compressed air to the first system 32, which sends the object P from the first system 32 through the ball valve 34 in the Y5 direction to a position midway up the loading pipe 33a of the second system 33.

When the object P to be loaded is stopped at a predetermined position in the second system 33, as shown in Figure 11, the ball valve driver 408 of the control device 40 sends a drive command signal S3 to close the ball valve 34, and upon receiving the drive command signal S3, the ball valve 34 is placed in a completely closed state.

Next, the discharge device drive unit 406 of the control device 40 transmits a drive command signal S4 to the control valve 36a located midway in the flow path connecting the second pump 36 and the second system 33, controlling it to open, and the discharge device drive unit 406 then transmits a drive command signal S5 to the second pump 36.

Upon receiving the drive command signal S5, the second pump 36 supplies pressurized air, which sends lubricating water supplied from the water tank 37 in the Y6 direction to the second system 33. This air pushes the material P, which is stopped in a predetermined position, from the rear in the Y7 direction, and sends the material P from the second system 33 to the charging hole H of the working face K in the Y8 direction, thereby loading the material P.

By using the face drilling rig 100 equipped with the explosive loading system 50 shown in the figure, workers no longer need to perform the difficult task of loading explosives close to the face K, thereby achieving safer and less difficult loading work when loading explosives or other materials P into the charge hole H drilled in the face K. Furthermore, the explosive loading system 50 enables efficient loading work.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the configuration shown here, and other embodiments may be possible in which other components are combined with the configurations described in the above embodiments. In this regard, modifications are possible without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and can be appropriately determined depending on the application form. For example, while the illustrated example shows a configuration in which each component is controlled using an explosive loading system 50 mounted on the face drilling rig 100, each component may also be controlled using a remote control.

10: Cart 12: Operator cabin
14: Cage Boom (Boom)
15: Mancage (workbench)
16: Work boom (boom)
17: Rotation unit 20, 20A to 20D: Supply device 21: Outer box 21a: Front surface 21b: Opening 21c: Slide rail 22: Storage container 22A: Upper storage section 22B: Lower supply section 22a: Front surface 22b: Discharge door 22c: Side surface 22d: Storage door 22e: Transparent plate 22f: Discharge door 22g: Slide rail 22h: Lock key 23: Supply mechanism 24: Bottom surface (spring plate)
24a: Lower supply section side region 24b: Bend section (L-shaped bend section)
24c: Lower space 24d: Rotating end 24e: Rotating shaft 25: First actuator 26: Second actuator 27: Rotating body 27a: Receiving groove 28: Limit switch 29: Guide 30: Delivery device 31: Delivery system 32: First system (loading pipe)
33: Second system 33a: Loading pipe 33b: Loading hose 33c: Loading pipe 34: Ball valve 34a: Rotating body 34b: Through hole 35: First sending means (sending means, first pressure feeder)
36: Second delivery means (delivery means, second pressure feeder)
36a: Control valve 37: Water tank 38: Weight scale 39A: Drilling rod 39B: Cleaning rod 40: Control device 50: Explosive loading system 100: Face drilling machine G: Rock K: Face H: Charge hole P: Loaded material (explosive)

Claims (10)

An explosives loading system that loads a charge containing at least an explosive into a charge hole formed in a face,
A supply device that supplies the material to be charged;
a delivery device that delivers the charge supplied from the supply device to the charging hole;
The delivery device includes a delivery system through which the object is delivered, and a delivery means for moving the object in the delivery system,
The delivery system includes a first system that receives the charge from the supply device, and a second system that delivers the charge moved from the first system to the charge hole ,
the supply device includes a storage container that stores a plurality of the objects to be loaded, and a supply mechanism that receives one of the objects from the storage container and supplies it to the first system;
the storage container includes an upper storage section and a lower supply section extending from below the upper storage section to align the plurality of objects to be loaded in a row and supply the objects to the supply mechanism one by one;
An explosive loading system characterized in that the area of the bottom surface of the upper storage section on the lower supply section side is formed by a spring plate that moves up and down via a pivot shaft, and the spring plate is moved up and down by a first actuator. The jumping plate has a bent portion bent downward in a dogleg shape at an end portion of the region on the lower supply portion side,
2. The explosive loading system according to claim 1 , wherein the bent portion prevents the charged material from entering the space below the spring plate when the spring plate moves upward. the supply mechanism includes a second actuator and a rotating body that receives the object to be loaded via a receiving groove while being rotated by the second actuator;
3. The explosive loading system according to claim 1 , wherein the charge is supplied from the receiving groove to the first system when the receiving groove is oriented in the direction of the first system. the supply device includes an outer box having an opening on the front surface, and the storage container housed inside the outer box so as to be freely accessible through the opening;
a storage door for storing the object to be loaded is provided on a side surface of the storage container;
a discharge door for discharging the loaded material is provided below the storage container;
The storage container is pulled out from the outer box, and the object to be loaded is stored in the storage container from the side through the storage door,
3. An explosives loading system according to claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that a plurality of said charges are successively discharged through said lower feed section when said discharge door is opened. 3. An explosive loading system as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that transparent plates are provided on part of the front and part of the side of the storage container, and the storage state of the loaded material can be easily seen through the transparent plates. 3. The explosive loading system according to claim 1 , wherein a check valve or a ball valve is provided between the first system and the second system. The delivery means includes a first delivery means for moving the charged material from the first system to an intermediate position of the second system, and a second delivery means for moving the charged material from an intermediate position of the second system to the charging hole,
the first delivery means is either a first pressure feeder or a unit including a cylinder mechanism and a push rod that is reciprocated in the first system by the cylinder mechanism,
7. The explosive loading system according to claim 6 , wherein said second delivery means is a second pump. The explosive loading system described in claim 3, characterized in that the first system is equipped with a weighing scale that measures the weight of the loaded material supplied from the supply device , or a limit switch that detects that the loaded material has been supplied to the rotating body. A trolley and
a boom attached to the carriage so as to be able to rotate freely and rise and fall freely,
The explosive loading system according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the supply device is mounted on the carriage,
A face drilling machine characterized in that a part or all of the second system is mounted on the boom. 10. The face drilling rig according to claim 9 , further comprising at least one of a drilling system and a charge hole cleaning system mounted on the boom.