JP7780927B2 - Switchgear - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an opening and closing device, and in particular to an opening and closing device that can improve the fire prevention performance of a fire compartment defined by an opening and closing body.

One type of opening and closing device known in the art is a slat-type shutter device that has a shutter curtain with fire protection functions, which is made by connecting multiple long metal plates called slats and acts as an opening and closing body to form a fire compartment (Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2017-115511

However, since many of the components that make up the shutter device, such as the slats that make up the shutter curtain, are made of metal, there is a risk that the radiant heat from the slats may cause the fire to spread outside the fire compartment.
Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an opening and closing device that can suppress the spread of fire from an area partitioned by the opening and closing device.

The opening and closing device is configured to solve the above problems by providing an opening and closing body that opens and closes an opening provided at an entrance or exit of a building or a passageway inside the building, and when the opening and closing body closes the opening, a sheet-like fireproof insulating material having fireproof and insulating properties covers the entire front and rear surfaces of the opening and closing body, thereby shielding the space on the front side from the space on the rear side partitioned by the opening and closing body.
According to this configuration, the spread of fire from the area partitioned by the opening and closing device can be suppressed, and the fire prevention performance of the fire compartment can be improved.
In addition, the fire-resistant insulating member may be configured so that when the opening of the opening/closing body is closed, the extended portion of the opening/closing body is placed in the opening, or so that when the opening of the opening/closing body is closed, the extended portion of the opening/closing body is placed on both the front and rear sides of the opening/closing body, and when the opening of the opening/closing body is opened, the rolled-up portion of the opening/closing body is stored from both the front and rear sides of the opening/closing body.
The fireproof heat insulating member may also be made of a fireproof heat insulating sheet, a foam heat insulating sheet, a foam heat insulating paint, or a combination of a fireproof heat insulating sheet and a foam heat insulating sheet.
Furthermore, when the fire-resistant heat-insulating member is made of a foam heat-insulating sheet or foam heat-insulating paint, it is advisable to provide a protective member on the exposed surface.

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a switching device according to the present invention. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a shutter curtain and a winding mechanism, and a longitudinal cross-sectional view and a partially enlarged view of a slat. 10A and 10B are diagrams showing other configurations of a sheet-like shutter curtain. 10A and 10B are diagrams showing other configurations of a sheet-like shutter curtain. This is a diagram showing a case where the guide rail is provided with fire-resistant and heat-insulating properties. FIG. 1 is a plan view of an opening and closing device configured with a slat-type shutter curtain. 1A and 1B are longitudinal cross-sectional views of a slat-type shutter curtain, a winding mechanism, and a slat. 10A and 10B are diagrams showing other installation forms of the fireproof and heat insulating member. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing another installation form of the fireproof and heat insulating member. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing another installation form of the fireproof and insulating unit. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing another installation form of the fireproof and insulating unit. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing another installation form of the refractory insulation body. 10A and 10B are diagrams showing other installation forms of the refractory heat insulator. 10A and 10B are diagrams showing another embodiment of the opening and closing device. 10A and 10B are diagrams showing another embodiment of the opening and closing device. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a slat provided with a fire-resistant insulating member. 10A and 10B are diagrams showing other installation forms of the fireproof and insulating members and the protective members in the slats. FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a panel having a fire-resistant heat-insulating member that constitutes a panel curtain. FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a door component panel of an overhead sliding door equipped with a fire-resistant insulating member. FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a door component panel of an overhead sliding door equipped with a fire-resistant insulating member. FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a door component panel of an overhead sliding door equipped with a fire-resistant insulating member. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a sheet curtain equipped with a fire-resistant heat insulating member. FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a door panel equipped with a fire-resistant heat insulating member.

The present invention will be described in detail below through embodiments of the invention. However, the following embodiments do not limit the invention as defined in the claims, and not all of the combinations of features described in the embodiments are necessarily essential to the solution of the invention, and include configurations that may be selectively adopted.

[Embodiment 1]
FIG. 1 is a plan view of an opening and closing device according to this embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a vertical cross section of a shutter curtain and a winding mechanism.
As shown in Fig. 1, a shutter device 10 serving as an opening/closing device is installed in an opening 12 formed in a structure skeleton 11. The structure skeleton 11 is, for example, an exterior wall that separates the inside and outside of a structure such as a house, building, warehouse, or factory, or an interior wall that separates an internal space within the structure. The opening 12 is opened in the structure skeleton 11 and is formed as a space that connects the inside and outside.

The shutter device 10 generally comprises guide rails 20;20 erected at a distance from each other on both sides of the width of the opening 12, a shutter curtain 30 acting as an opening/closing body that moves along the longitudinal direction of the guide rails 20;20 to open or close the opening 12, a shutter case 84 provided above the opening 12 and the guide rails 20;20, and a winding shaft 82 provided inside the shutter case 84 for winding up the shutter curtain 30.

In this specification, the "width direction" refers to the direction (left-right direction) perpendicular to the opening and closing (up-down) direction of the shutter curtain 30, and the "depth direction" refers to the thickness (front-to-back) direction of the shutter curtain 30. Furthermore, the "rolling direction" refers to the direction in which the shutter curtain 30 rises along the guide rail 20 and opens the opening 12, and the "unwinding direction" refers to the direction in which the shutter curtain 30 falls along the guide rail 20 and closes the opening 12.

As shown in Figure 1, the guide rails 20, 20 are erected with their longitudinal directions perpendicular to the structure body 11 and partially embedded in the structure body 11. The guide rails 20, 20 are hollow members with an internal structure that is roughly U-shaped in cross section. The guide rails 20, 20 are arranged so that the U-shaped openings face each other. Both widthwise ends of the shutter curtain 30 (described below) are inserted into the guide rails 20, 20. As a result, the widthwise ends of the shutter curtain 30 are guided in the opening and closing direction (up and down) by the guide rails 20, 20.

As shown in Figure 2, the shutter curtain 30 is a so-called sheet curtain made of sheet-like materials. The shutter curtain 30 is made of, for example, a fire-resistant and insulating sheet. A fire-resistant and insulating sheet is made of a single sheet or multiple overlapping sheets that are both fire-resistant and highly insulating despite being in sheet form.

The shutter curtain 30 can be wound up and unwound by a winding mechanism (not shown) housed inside the shutter case 14. The shutter curtain 30 can be wound up and unwound by, for example, rotating the winding shaft 82 driven by a motor, or by a manual winding mechanism that rotates and winds the winding shaft 82 using a biasing means such as a coil spring, and can be selected as appropriate.

In this way, by using a sheet-like shutter curtain 30 with fire-resistant and insulating properties, the spread of fire outside the compartment can be prevented by radiant heat from the slats, just like shutter curtains made of metal slats. Note that the material of the sheet-like shutter curtain 30 is not limited to fire-resistant and insulating sheet.

3 shows another configuration of the sheet-shaped shutter curtain 30. For example, a foam sheet can be used as the material for the sheet-shaped shutter curtain 30.
The foam sheet is configured so that a coating agent on the surface of the sheet foams and expands at high temperatures to form a heat insulating layer. As mentioned above, since the coating agent on the surface of the foam sheet functions, when forming the shutter curtain 30, it is preferable to use a laminated structure in which both sides of the foam sheet are sandwiched between protective sheets, as shown in Figure 3.

The protective sheet 42 is a component that prevents the foam sheets from coming into contact with each other when the shutter curtain 30 is rolled up. For example, the protective sheet 42 can be formed into a rectangular shape of approximately the same size as the foam sheet so as to cover the entire surface of the foam sheet, and can be placed on top of the foam sheet and integrated with a fixing means such as an adhesive.

The protective sheet 42 may be made of a sheet-like material, such as a fire-resistant, highly breathable mesh or film. A highly breathable mesh refers to a mesh size that does not interfere with the function of the foam sheet. It is preferable that the protective sheet 42 be strong enough to prevent damage to the foam sheet when it is rolled up to form the shutter curtain 30, and flexible enough to accommodate deformation during roll-up.

Furthermore, the protective sheet 42 does not necessarily have to be provided so as to cover the entire surface of the foam sheet. For example, the protective sheet 42 may be in the form of a strip of a predetermined width, and this strip-shaped protective sheet 42 may be provided at predetermined intervals in the width direction of the shutter curtain 30, reaching from one end of the shutter curtain 30 in the opening and closing direction to the other end.

Furthermore, the protective sheet 42 does not have to be provided on both sides of the foam sheet, but may be provided on only one side.

In this way, even if the shutter curtain 30 is replaced with a fire-resistant heat-insulating sheet, the spread of fire outside the compartment can be prevented.

Figure 4 shows another configuration of a sheet-like shutter curtain. As shown in Figure 4, the sheet-like shutter curtain 30 may be constructed by layering a fire-resistant heat-insulating sheet and a foam sheet to form a single shutter curtain 30.

As explained above, the shutter device's fire-resistant and insulating properties can help prevent the spread of fire and facilitate evacuation in the event of a fire.

In addition, by covering the winding shaft 82 that winds up the shutter curtain 30 with a fire-resistant, heat-insulating sheet, deformation of the winding shaft due to the heat of a fire can be suppressed, improving the effectiveness of blocking flames and heat.

Figure 5 shows the case where the guide rails are provided with fire-resistant and heat-insulating properties. Figure 5(a) shows the case where the guide rails 20 are provided in the opening 12 formed in the structure skeleton 11 as shown in Figure 1, Figure 5(b) shows the case where the guide rails 20 are provided on the wall surface of the structure skeleton 11, and Figure 5(c) shows the case where the guide rails 20 are embedded in the structure skeleton 11 that forms the opening 12.
The fireproof and heat-insulating sheet having the fireproof and heat-insulating properties described above may also be provided on the guide rails 20; 20, for example, as shown in each drawing in Figure 5. Specifically, it may be provided so as to cover the entire or part of the outer surface exposed from the structure body 11, including the guide portion 22 along which the shutter curtain 30 moves up and down. Note that the fireproof and heat-insulating sheet provided on the surface of the guide rails 20; 20 does not have to be the same as the fireproof and heat-insulating sheet that constitutes the shutter curtain 30.

Preferably, the fireproof and insulating sheet is installed so that the shutter curtain 30 comes into contact with part or all of the fireproof and insulating sheet installed on the guide rails 20;20.

In this way, by providing a fire-resistant insulation sheet on the guide rails 20;20, the heat of a fire can be prevented from being transmitted to the shutter curtain 30 via the guide rails 20;20, which are generally made of steel, thereby preventing the spread of fire.

Instead of the fireproof heat-insulating sheet, a foam sheet or foam paint may be applied to the guide rails 20, 20. Foam paint is a paint with heat-insulating properties that foams when heated.
In this way, by providing a foam sheet or foam paint on the guide portion 22 of the guide rail 20;20, the gap between the guide rail 20;20 and the shutter curtain 30 is blocked by the foaming of the foam sheet or foam paint, thereby suppressing heat convection beyond the defined range.

Furthermore, by using similar measures on the lining and seat sections, which do not have insulating properties, the effectiveness of blocking flames and heat from a fire can be improved.

The above technology has been described as using a sheet-type shutter curtain 30, but it can also be applied to a slat-type shutter curtain 30.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of an opening and closing device configured with a slat-type shutter curtain 30, and FIG. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the shutter curtain, a winding mechanism, and a vertical cross-sectional view of a slat 31.
As shown in Figure 6, a slat-type shutter device (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as a shutter device) 10 serving as an opening and closing device is installed in an opening 12. The structural body 11 is, for example, an exterior wall that separates the inside and outside of a structure such as a house, building, warehouse, or factory, or an interior wall that separates an internal space within the structure. The opening 12 is opened in the structural body 11 and is formed as a space that connects the inside and outside.

The shutter device 10 generally comprises guide rails 20;20 erected at a distance from each other on both sides of the width of the opening 12, a shutter curtain 30 acting as an opening/closing body that moves along the longitudinal direction of the guide rails 20;20 to open or close the opening 12, a shutter case 14 provided above the opening 12 and guide rails 20;20, a winding mechanism 50 installed in the storage space inside the shutter case 14, and fireproof and insulating members 40 provided on the front and rear sides of the shutter curtain 30.

As shown in Figure 6, the guide rails 20, 20 are erected with their longitudinal directions perpendicular to the structure body 11 and partially embedded in the structure body 11. The guide rails 20, 20 are hollow members with an internal structure that is approximately U-shaped in cross section. The guide rails 20, 20 are arranged so that the U-shaped openings face each other. Both widthwise ends of the shutter curtain 30 (described below) are inserted into the guide rails 20, 20. As a result, the widthwise ends of the shutter curtain 30 are guided in the opening and closing direction (up and down) by the guide rails 20, 20.

As shown in Figure 7, the shutter curtain 30 is composed of multiple slats 31. Each slat 31 is made of a metal such as steel, stainless steel, or aluminum, and is a plate-shaped member extending along the width direction of the opening 12. Curved curled portions 32 and 33 are formed at the end (upper end) of each slat 31 in the winding direction and the end (lower end) in the unwinding direction, respectively.

The curled portion 32 curves radially inward of the cylindrical wheel 52 that constitutes the winding mechanism 50 and engages with the curled portion 33 formed on the slat 31 adjacent in the winding direction. The curled portion 33 curves radially inward of the wheel 52 and engages with the curled portion 32 formed on the slat 31 adjacent in the unwinding direction. As a result, adjacent slats 31 are rotatably connected by the engagement of their respective curled portions 32 and 33.

The winding mechanism 50 includes left and right brackets 15;15 that form part of the shutter case 14, a shaft 51 that is installed between the left and right brackets 15;15, wheels 52;52 that can rotate in the winding direction and the unwinding direction in synchronization with the rotation of the shaft 51, and a motor (not shown) that rotates the shaft 51 in the winding direction or the unwinding direction.

The shaft 51 is a support column extending in the width direction of the guide rails 20;20, and both ends are rotatably supported by holding means (not shown) attached to the brackets 15;15. A driven wheel 53 is attached to one end of the shaft 51 and connected to a connecting member 55 such as an endless chain or belt. The driven wheel 53 is connected via the connecting member 55 to a driving wheel attached to the output shaft of a motor (not shown), and the rotational force of the motor is transmitted to the shaft 51 via the driving wheel, connecting member 55, and driven wheel 53.

The wheels 52;52 are cylindrical metal members spaced a predetermined distance apart from the shaft 51. The wheels 52;52 are fitted to the shaft 51 via a not-shown insertion hole located in the center, allowing them to rotate freely around the shaft 51. The wheels 52;52 are connected to each other by multiple take-up members 54. The take-up members 54 are pillars extending parallel to the shaft 51, with both ends fitted into not-shown connection holes located at equal intervals in the circumferential direction around the wheel 52;52 insertion hole.

Note that while the winding mechanism 50 is an electric winding mechanism 50 having a motor, it may also be a manual winding mechanism that uses a biasing means such as a coil spring inserted around the axis of the shaft 51.

The fireproof and insulating member 40 is formed in a rectangular shape that matches the shape of the shutter curtain 30 when viewed in plan. For example, one side corresponding to the width dimension of the shutter curtain 30 is fixed to the front and rear sides of the main body 34 of the slat 31 located furthest in the winding direction using a fixing means such as adhesive, and the other side is attached to the shutter curtain 30 by aligning it with the winding direction of the shutter curtain 30.

The fireproof and insulating member 40 is attached to the shutter curtain 30 as described above, and its length in the width direction and winding direction should be set so that it covers the entire front and rear sides of the opening 12 when the shutter curtain 30 closes the opening 12.

Furthermore, by attaching the fireproof insulating members 40;40 to the shutter curtain 30, a mechanism for winding and unwinding the fireproof insulating members 40;40 is not required, and the fireproof insulating members 40;40 can be automatically positioned and stored as the shutter curtain 30 opens and closes.

When the fire-resistant insulating member 40; 40 is fixed to the slat 31 using adhesive, it is recommended to use a fire-resistant and durable adhesive to prevent it from falling off due to heat during a fire or over time.

The operation of the shutter device configured as described above will now be described. As shown in Figure 7(a), when the shutter curtain 30 opens the opening 12 (fully open state), the motor is driven and controlled by operating a control panel (not shown), causing the shaft 51 to rotate in the extension direction. This causes the wheel 52 to rotate in response to the rotation of the shaft 51, and the shutter curtain 30 stacked on the outer periphery of the wheel 52 is sequentially extended together with the fireproof insulating members 40;40. Then, as shown in Figure 7(b), the wheel 52 continues to rotate in the extension direction, until the entire opening 12 is closed by the shutter curtain 30 (fully closed state), and the fireproof insulating members 40;40 are positioned on the front and rear sides of the shutter curtain 30.

Furthermore, when the motor is driven in the reverse direction and the shaft 51 rotates in the winding direction from the state in which the shutter curtain 30 closes the opening 12 (fully closed state) shown in Figure 7(b), the wheel 52 rotates in response to the rotation of the shaft 51, and the shutter curtain 30 is gradually wound up along the outer periphery of the wheel 52 together with the fireproof insulating members 40;40, opening the opening 12. Then, as shown in Figure 7(a), as the wheel 52 continues to rotate in the winding direction and the shutter curtain 30 is wound up to a length equal to or greater than the circumferential length of the wheel 52, the shutter curtain 30 wound up from the second turn onwards is wound up together with the fireproof insulating members 40;40 while being stacked on top of the shutter curtain 30 that was wound up together with the fireproof insulating members 40;40 during the first rotation, and the entire opening 12 is opened (fully open state).

By providing the fireproof and insulating member 40 to the shutter device in this way, the shutter device can be given fireproof and insulating properties, preventing the spread of fire and facilitating evacuation in the event of a fire through the slats 31. Note that the fireproof and insulating member 40 attached to the shutter curtain 30 does not have to be on both the front and rear sides, but can be on either the front or rear side.

Figure 8 shows another installation form for the fireproof insulating member 40. While the fireproof insulating member 40 has been described as being installed so as to be in direct contact with the shutter curtain 30, as shown in Figure 8, the aforementioned protective sheet 42 may also be interposed between the shutter curtain 30 and the fireproof insulating member 40.

In this way, by interposing the protective sheet 42, damage to the fireproof and insulating member 40 caused by interference between the slats 31 when rolling up the slat-type shutter curtain 30 can be avoided.

In this embodiment, the shutter curtain 30 has been described as a slat type, but the shutter curtain 30 may be configured as a panel type, a sheet type, or any other type of shutter device, as long as the opening and closing body has a winding structure. Furthermore, the fireproof and insulating member 40 may be a foam sheet instead of a fireproof and insulating sheet.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram showing another installation form of the fireproof insulation member 40. As shown in Fig. 9, the fireproof insulation member 40 can be configured as a fireproof insulation unit 80 including a winding device, for example. In the following description, the term "fireproof insulation body A" will collectively refer to those provided in association with the fireproof insulation sheet, such as the above-mentioned fireproof insulation sheet or foam sheet alone, a fireproof insulation sheet or foam sheet combined with a protective sheet 42, a fireproof insulation sheet combined with a foam sheet, or a fireproof insulation sheet, foam sheet, and protective sheet 42.
The fireproof insulation unit 80 can be composed of a fireproof insulation A, a winding shaft 82 that winds up the fireproof insulation A, a bearing not shown that supports the winding shaft 82 so that it can rotate freely, a winding spring not shown that applies a spring force to the winding shaft 82 in the direction in which the winding shaft 82 winds up the fireproof insulation A, and a case 84 that houses these.

The fireproof insulation body A is formed, for example, in a rectangular shape that can cover the entire opening 12 in which the shutter device 10 is installed, and can be stored in the case 84 while being wound around the winding shaft 82 by the biasing force of the winding spring.

As shown in FIG. 9 , the fireproof insulation units 80 can be arranged, for example, on the front and rear sides of the shutter curtain 30 within the shutter case 14. Each of the fireproof insulation units 80 on the front and rear sides is fixed within the shutter case 14 so that the winding shaft 82 of the fireproof insulation A is parallel to the axis of the shaft 51 of the winding mechanism 50 of the shutter curtain 30. The fireproof insulation A wound around the winding shaft 82 is pulled out from each of the fireproof insulation units 80 on the front and rear sides. This pulled-out edge (hereinafter referred to as the pulled-out end) is fixed to the front and rear sides of the base plate 35 by fixing means not shown, and is incorporated as part of the shutter device 10.

The operation when configured as a fireproof and insulating unit 80 will be described below. When the opening is closed by the shutter curtain 30 as shown in Fig. 9(a) from an open state as shown in Fig. 9(b) , the shutter curtain 30 is unwound, and the fireproof and insulating body A is pulled out from the winding shaft 82, and the fireproof and insulating body A having fireproof and insulating function can be arranged on the front and rear sides of the shutter curtain 30.
Furthermore, when the shutter curtain 30 closes the opening as shown in Figure 9(a) and then opens the opening as shown in Figure 9(b), the shutter curtain 30 is wound up onto the winding shaft 82, which releases the pull on the fireproof insulation A by the seat plate 35, and the fireproof insulation A is wound up onto the winding shaft 82 without sagging due to the spring force of the winding spring.

Figure 10 is a schematic diagram showing another installation form of the fireproof and insulating unit 80. The fireproof and insulating unit 80 does not necessarily have to be housed inside the shutter case 14; for example, as shown in Figure 10, it may be attached to the underside of the shutter case 14, etc.

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing another installation form of the fireproof and heat-insulating unit 80.
When providing fireproof insulation A on the front and rear sides of the shutter curtain 30, two fireproof insulation units 80 are provided on the front and rear sides of the shutter curtain 30, but for example, as shown in Figure 11, it is also possible to provide fireproof insulation A on the front and rear sides of the shutter curtain 30 using one fireproof insulation unit 80.
In this case, a roller 86 extending along the width direction of the seat plate 35 is provided on the underside of the seat plate 35 so as to be freely rotatable, and the fireproof insulation A pulled out from the fireproof insulation unit 80 is passed through the roller 86, and the pulled-out end of the fireproof insulation A is attached to the underside of the shutter case 14.
Even with this configuration, the fireproof heat insulator A can be wound up and pulled out in conjunction with the winding up and pulling out of the shutter curtain 30 without sagging.

Figure 12 is a schematic diagram showing another installation configuration for the fireproof insulation A. As shown in Figure 12(a), the base plate 35 is hollow and box-shaped. Inside, the fireproof insulation A, a winding shaft 82 for winding up the fireproof insulation A, a bearing (not shown) that rotatably supports the winding shaft 82, and a winding spring (not shown) that applies a biasing force to the winding shaft 82 in the direction in which the winding shaft 82 winds up the fireproof insulation A form the fireproof insulation unit 80. In other words, one fireproof insulation unit 80 described above can be attached to the lower end of the slat 31 in place of the plate-shaped base plate 35. In this case, the pull-out end of the fireproof insulation A can be fixed to the underside of the shutter case 14 or the like by a fixing means (not shown). While Figure 12(a) illustrates an example in which the fireproof insulation A is installed on the rear side of the shutter curtain 30, it may also be installed on the front side.

Also, as shown in Figure 12 (b), two fireproof and insulating units 80 may be housed in a hollow box-shaped base plate 35, and fireproof and insulating bodies A may be provided on the front and rear sides of the shutter curtain 30.
As shown in Figures 12(a) and (b), even when the fireproof insulation unit 80 is configured, the fireproof insulation body A can be wound up and pulled out in conjunction with the winding and unwinding of the shutter curtain 30 without sagging.

Figure 13 shows another installation form of the fireproof insulation A. In the above-described embodiment, the fireproof insulation A is in the form of a single sheet that can be wound around a winding shaft 82 and unwound, but this is not limited to this. For example, it may be formed to be foldable by accordion folding, as shown in Figure 13.

As shown in Figure 13, the fireproof insulation A is formed by folding it in an accordion pattern, allowing it to expand and contract in the direction of the fold. In this case, for example, the base plate 35 is shaped like a box with an opening at the top, and the fireproof insulation A folded in an accordion pattern is placed inside. The bottommost folded piece is then fixed to the base plate 35 by adhesive or the like, and the topmost folded piece is fixed to the underside of the shutter case 14 by adhesive or the like.

In accordion folding, the bottom and top pieces move apart, causing the curtain to expand in the folding direction, and the bottom and top pieces move closer together, causing the curtain to contract in the folding direction. Therefore, as shown in Figure 13(b), by rolling up the shutter curtain 30 and then unrolling it from a state in which the opening 12 is open, the seat plate 35 gradually moves away from the shutter case 14. In conjunction with this movement, the fireproof insulation A unfolds and extends. Then, as shown in Figure 13(a), when the shutter curtain 30 completely closes the opening 12, the entire front and rear sides of the shutter curtain 30 are covered by the fireproof insulation A.

Furthermore, as shown in Figure 13(a), the shutter curtain 30 is unrolled and then rolled up from a position where the opening 12 is closed, causing the seat plate 35 to gradually approach the shutter case 14. In conjunction with this approach, the fireproof insulation A gradually contracts as the shutter curtain 30 is folded. Then, as shown in Figure 13(b), when the shutter curtain 30 is rolled up and the opening 12 is completely open, the fireproof insulation A is stored in its most folded state within the seat plate 35.

In this way, by making the fireproof insulation A foldable by accordion folding, a winding mechanism for winding up the fireproof insulation A is not required, and the fireproof insulation A can be easily installed on the shutter device 10.
The structure of the fireproof insulation A that provides expansion and contraction functionality is not limited to accordion folding, and the fireproof insulation A may be formed to have a structure that allows expansion and contraction, such as a pantograph or honeycomb.

In the above embodiment, in order to provide fire-resistant insulation to a shutter curtain 30 that includes metal and is configured to be retractable, such as a slat-type shutter curtain 30, a single fire-resistant insulation body A is configured to cover the entire front and rear sides of the shutter curtain 30, but this is not limited to this.

Figure 14 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the shutter device 10. The shutter device 10 shown in Figure 14 may be configured to include, for example, a fireproof insulator A that covers the entire shutter curtain 30, and fireproof insulators A; A that cover each side wall 12B; 12B that form the opening 12 between the fireproof insulator A that covers the entire shutter curtain 30 and the shutter curtain 30.

In this case, the fireproof insulation A that covers the entire rear side of the shutter curtain 30 may be formed, for example, so as to reach from the ceiling of the opening 12 to the floor. The fireproof insulation unit 80A that winds up and unwinds this fireproof insulation A may be attached, for example, to the case 84 of the fireproof insulation unit 80A near the ceiling of the case panel 14A that faces the space partitioned by the shutter curtain 30 in the shutter case 14, preferably so that it is in contact with the ceiling wall 12A of the opening 12.

Furthermore, the fireproof insulation A covering the side wall 12B may be formed, for example, so that it extends from the case panel 14B facing the floor surface in the shutter case 14 to the floor surface. The fireproof insulation unit 80B that winds and unwinds this fireproof insulation A may be attached, for example, to the case panel 14B facing the floor surface.

A seat plate 85 that contacts the floor is provided at the extending end of the fireproof insulation A of each fireproof insulation unit 80A; 80B. The seat plate 85 is connected to the seat plate 35 of the shutter curtain 30 by a connecting means not shown. This allows the fireproof insulation A of the fireproof insulation units 80A; 80B to be extended and retracted in conjunction with the opening and closing of the shutter curtain 30.

By installing the fireproof and heat-insulating units 80A and 80B in the shutter device 10 in this way, a three-dimensional heat-shielding space can be formed in the opening 12, suppressing the spread of fire from the area partitioned by the opening and closing device and improving the fire resistance of the fire compartment. It can also be easily applied to existing shutter devices 10.

For example, in Figure 14, the fireproof insulation unit 80A is described as being attached to the case panel 14A of the shutter case 14 so that the entire shutter curtain 30 is covered by a single fireproof insulation body A, but this is not limited to this.

15A and 15B are diagrams showing other configurations of the shutter device 10. For example, as shown in Fig. 15A, fireproof and insulating units 80 each having a fireproof and insulating body A formed with a width dimension shorter than the width direction length dimension of the opening 12 may be arranged in the width direction to cover the entire area of the shutter curtain 30.
In this case, it is advisable to arrange the refractory and heat insulating units 80 in a staggered pattern as shown in FIGS. 15(b) and 15(c) so that no gaps are generated between adjacent refractory and heat insulating units 80.

Then, by connecting the seat plates 85 provided on the fireproof insulation bodies A of each fireproof insulation unit 80 using a connecting means and also connecting them to the seat plate 35 of the shutter curtain 30, the fireproof insulation bodies A of all the fireproof insulation units 80 can be unwound and retracted in synchronization with the opening and closing operation of the shutter curtain 30.
As shown in FIG. 14, a fireproof and heat-insulating unit 80 may be provided so as to cover the side wall 12B, and may be provided selectively as appropriate.

Figure 16 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a slat 31. For example, as shown in Figure 16, each of the slats 31 that make up the slat-type shutter curtain 30 may be configured to have fire-resistant and heat-insulating properties.

As shown in Figure 16, each slat 31 has a fireproof insulation member 40 and a protective member 42 on the front surface 31A and rear surface 31B of the main body portion 34, which is formed as a flat surface. The fireproof insulation member 40 can be, for example, an intumescent fireproof sheet or intumescent paint. Here, the fireproof insulation member 40 is described as an intumescent fireproof sheet. The fireproof insulation member 40 is formed, for example, in a strip shape with a width dimension similar to that of the slat 31 and a vertical dimension shorter than the vertical dimension of the main body portion 34 between the curled portions 32 and 33 of the slat 31.

When the heat of a fire causes the fire-resistant insulation member 40 to reach a predetermined temperature (e.g., approximately 250°C), it begins to foam and forms a carbonized layer. This carbonized layer functions as an insulating layer, making it possible to suppress temperature increases in the slats 31.

The protective member 42 is made of, for example, a mesh sheet or film, and is placed over the fireproof insulation member 40 so as to cover the fireproof insulation member 40 provided on the front surface 31A and rear surface 31B of the slat 31. The protective member 42 is, for example, a strip-like member whose width is approximately the same as that of the fireproof insulation member 40, or whose length is long enough so that it does not extend beyond both ends of the slat 31, and whose vertical dimension is longer than that of the fireproof insulation member 40.

The material of the protective member 42 is preferably one that can withstand temperatures higher than the operating temperature of the fireproof insulating member 40. Furthermore, the mesh size is preferably fire-resistant enough to avoid damage to the fireproof insulating member 40 when it is rolled up by the wheel 52 during the opening and closing operation of the shutter curtain 30, and to withstand the heat of a fire. In this way, by overlapping the protective member 42 on the fireproof insulating member 40, damage to the fireproof insulating member 40 can be prevented when the slats 31 interfere with each other as the shutter curtain 30 is rolled up and extended.

The protective member 42 is not limited to a mesh-like structure, and the fireproof and insulating member 40 may be protected by a mesh-like sheet or film without openings.

The fire-resistant insulation member 40 and the protective member 42 are fixed to the slats 31 by a fixing means such as an adhesive. It is preferable to use a fire-resistant adhesive so that they do not fall off the slats 31 due to the heat during a fire.

Figure 17 shows another installation form of the fireproof insulation member 40 and protective member 42 on the slat 31. The fireproof insulation member 40 and protective member 42 may be installed only on the front side, as shown in Figure 17(a), or only on the rear side, as shown in Figure 17(b).

The fire-resistant insulating member 40 is not limited to the shutter curtain 30 described above, which is composed of multiple slats 31, but may also be a panel curtain made up of multiple flat panels, or a sheet curtain made up of a sheet of non-flammable resin, etc.

Fig. 18 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a panel that constitutes a panel curtain. When providing a fireproof insulation member 40 on a panel 60 that constitutes a panel curtain, for example, as shown in Fig. 18(a), the fireproof insulation member 40 may be directly adhered to the front and rear surfaces of the panel 61, and a protective member 42 may be adhered and fixed on top of the fireproof insulation member 40 adhesively fixed to the panel 60 so as to protect the fireproof insulation member 40 from interference between the panels when the panel 61 is rolled up. Alternatively, as shown in Fig. 18(b), the fireproof insulation member 40 and the protective member 42 may be attached to either the front or rear surface of the panel 61.
The fireproof heat insulating member 40 mentioned here may be a fireproof heat insulating sheet, a foam fireproof sheet, a foam paint, or the like.

Furthermore, the form of the opening and closing device is not limited to one in which an opening and closing body such as a shutter curtain 30 made up of multiple slats or a panel curtain made up of multiple panels is housed in a shutter case installed above the opening, but may also be an overhead sliding door type in which the opening and closing body is housed by sliding it upward and rearward.

Figures 19 to 21 are vertical cross-sectional views of a door component panel of an overhead sliding door equipped with a fire-resistant insulating member 40. An overhead sliding door is constructed by connecting multiple door component panels 71, each formed into a rectangular shape that is elongated along one side of the width direction, like a panel curtain, for example. As shown in Figures 19 and 20, such a door component panel 71 has upper and lower frames 72 and 73 extending in the width direction, and an intermediate frame 76 extending in the width direction on the other side of a panel plate 74, one side of which is formed in a substantially flat design. The door component panel 71 is formed with the upper and lower frames 72 and 73 and the intermediate frame 76 exposed.

When one surface is formed as a decorative surface in this way, the decorative surface faces outdoors as the front surface, and the rear surface faces indoors. In this case, the fireproof and insulating member 40 can be installed on the rear surface. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 19, if the rear surface has simple irregularities, the fireproof and insulating member 40 can be attached, for example, to the intermediate frame 76 on the rear surface between the upper and lower frames 72 and 73.

Also, as shown in Figure 20, if there are folded pieces 72A; 73A extending from the upper and lower frames 72; 73 so that they face each other, the fireproof insulation member 40 may be attached so as to bridge the folded pieces 72A; 73A, creating a hollow space S between the panel board 74 and the fireproof insulation member 40.

Also, as shown in Figure 21, if the rear surface of the panel plate 74 of the door component panel 71 has complex irregularities, a foaming fireproof paint serving as the fireproof and insulating member 40 can be applied to the rear surface of the door component panel 71.

Figure 22 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a sheet curtain. The fireproof insulating member 40 can also be applied to a shutter device that uses a sheet curtain as an opening and closing body. When providing the fireproof insulating member 40 on a sheet 81 that constitutes a sheet curtain, for example, as shown in Figure 22(a), the fireproof insulating member 40 can be directly adhered to the front and rear surfaces of the sheet 81, and a protective member 42 can be adhered and fixed on top of the fireproof insulating member 40 adhesively fixed to the sheet 81 to protect the fireproof insulating member 40 from interference between the sheets when the sheet 81 is rolled up. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 22(b), the fireproof insulating member 40 and protective member 42 can be attached to either the front or rear surface of the sheet 81.

FIG. 23 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a door panel equipped with a fire-resistant heat-insulating member 40.
The opening and closing body in the opening and closing device is not limited to a shutter curtain or a panel curtain, and the fireproof heat insulating member 40 may also be provided on a door or partition as an opening and closing device.
For example, fire doors have a fire-stopping function to form fire compartments, but because they are generally made of metal, there is a risk that in the event of a fire, the radiant heat from the door could cause the fire to spread to areas outside the compartment.
Even in such a case, it is preferable to provide the fireproof insulation member 40 on the front and rear door surfaces of the door surface 93 of the door leaf 91 so as to cover the entire door surface. When providing the fireproof insulation member 40 on the door leaf 91, for example, as shown in Figure 23(a), the fireproof insulation member 40 may be directly adhered to the front and rear surfaces of the door surface 93 of the door leaf 91, and a protective member 42 may be adhered and fixed on top of the fireproof insulation member 40. Also, as shown in Figure 23(b), the fireproof insulation member 40 and the protective member 42 may be attached to either the front or rear surface of the panel 61.
The fireproof heat insulating member 40 used here may be the above-mentioned fireproof heat insulating sheet, foam fireproof sheet, foam paint, or the like.

As explained above, a fire-resistant insulating member 40 is provided on the opening/closing body of an opening/closing device that opens and closes an opening. When the opening/closing body closes the opening, the fire-resistant insulating member 40 is positioned to shield the space on the front side from the space on the rear side separated by the opening/closing body, thereby preventing the spread of a fire caused by the opening/closing body.

10 shutter device, 12 opening, 14 shutter case,
20 guide rail, 30 shutter curtain, 31 slat,
40 fireproof insulating member, 42 protective member, 44 insulating material.

Claims (7)

An opening and closing device having an opening and closing body that opens and closes an opening ,
When the opening/closing body closes the opening,
An opening and closing device characterized in that a sheet-like fireproof and insulating material having fireproof and insulating properties covers the entire front and rear surfaces of the opening and closing body, shielding the space on the front side from the space on the rear side partitioned by the opening and closing body. The opening and closing device according to claim 1, wherein the fireproof and heat insulating member is disposed in the opening by a portion of the opening and closing body that is extended when the opening of the opening and closing body is closed. The fireproof and heat-insulating member is
As the opening of the opening/closing body is closed, the extended portion of the opening/closing body is disposed on both the front side and the rear side of the opening/closing body,
2. The opening and closing device according to claim 1, wherein the wound portion of the opening and closing body is retracted from both the front side and the rear side of the opening and closing body as the opening of the opening and closing body is opened. An opening and closing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the fireproof and insulating member is a fireproof and insulating sheet. An opening and closing device as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the fire-resistant insulating member is made of a foam insulating sheet. The opening and closing device described in claim 2, characterized in that the fireproof and insulating member is constructed by stacking a fireproof and insulating sheet and a foam insulating sheet. The opening and closing device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that it comprises a protective member that is placed over the foam insulation sheet and protects the foam insulation sheet.