JP7783121B2 - Deck transport and erection equipment - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a deck slab transportation and erection device.

Due to fatigue and aging caused by the increasing size of vehicles, deck slabs of elevated highways require replacement and other renovations, especially on bridges that have been in operation for more than 40 years. The precast deck slabs used in deck replacement work are generally transported to the construction site on a large vehicle and installed on site using a large crane or similar device. For example, Patent Document 1 describes a replacement method that enables the replacement of large deck slabs. According to this deck replacement method, a deck replacement device is transported to the construction site by trailer, and the large deck is replaced using the replacement device.

JP 2016-98489 A

Some elevated roads that require deck replacement have narrow widths that prevent large vehicles or large cranes from entering, making it impossible to apply the technology described in Patent Document 1. Furthermore, if the technology described in Patent Document 1 is applied to an elevated road with a slope, it may be difficult to adjust the slope when installing the deck.

The objective of the present invention is to provide a deck transport and erection device with various adjustment mechanisms that can replace decks on narrow, sloping elevated roads.

To achieve the above objective, one aspect of the present invention is a deck slab transportation and erection device comprising: a first frame placed on forks of a forklift; a second frame mounted on the first frame so as to be rotatable left and right in the road lane axial direction; a third frame mounted on the second frame so as to be movable forward and backward in the road lane axial direction; and a plurality of connecting members suspended from the third frame and connected to the deck slab.

This invention makes it possible to replace the deck of a narrow, sloped elevated road.

1 is a side view showing the configuration of an elevated road to be constructed according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the state of the deck slab transportation and erection device placed on a forklift. FIG. 2 is a front view showing the configuration of the deck slab transportation and erection device. 10A and 10B are diagrams illustrating a state of rotation adjustment of a second frame relative to a first frame. 10A and 10B are diagrams showing the state of gradient adjustment in the longitudinal direction of the third frame relative to the second frame. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the state of gradient adjustment in the transverse direction of the third frame relative to the second frame. 10A and 10B are diagrams illustrating the state of the forward and backward movement structure of the third frame relative to the second frame. FIG. 2 is a front view showing the state of the deck suspended from the deck transportation and erection device. FIG. 2 is a side view showing the state of the deck suspended from the deck transportation and erection device. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a construction method for an elevated road using a deck transportation and erection device.

An embodiment of the deck slab transportation and erection device according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the direction along the X-axis in the XYZ coordinate system will be referred to as the front-to-rear direction, the road lane axis direction or longitudinal direction, the direction along the Y-axis as the left-to-right direction or transverse direction, and the direction along the Z-axis as the up-to-down direction, as appropriate. These are representative examples of relative directions in normal use. In the following description, the road lane axis direction will be set as the reference line.

As shown in Figure 1, the elevated road D to be constructed has a predetermined gradient (e.g., 9.5%) in the road lane axis direction (X-axis direction in the figure). The elevated road D is a narrow, single-lane road (e.g., effective width: 4,450 mm) that prevents large vehicles and large cranes from entering or being installed. Furthermore, on both sides of the elevated road D, for example, other elevated roads (not shown) are provided. Furthermore, the elevated road D may also have other structures installed above it, resulting in overhead restrictions.

As shown in Figure 2, the deck S is made of, for example, a precast concrete structure. The deck S is, for example, an HSPJ (High Smart Prestress Joint (HS Prestress Joint: registered trademark)) deck. After the deck S is installed, side walls S1 are provided on both sides of the top surface of the deck S in the road lane width direction. The deck S is formed of components with a width SL in the transverse direction (Y-axis) perpendicular to the road lane axis direction, of, for example, approximately 5,250 mm, and a length in the road lane axis direction, of, for example, approximately 2,100 mm. The maximum weight of the deck S is, for example, approximately 10 tons. The above dimensions and weight of the deck S are examples, and the dimensions and weight can be changed as appropriate depending on the installation target.

As shown in Figures 3 to 8, the deck slab transportation and erection device 1 is configured to be placed on forks F1 attached to a forklift F. The forklift F is, for example, a forklift with a rated load of 15 tons. The deck slab transportation and erection device 1 is, for example, 3 tons. The forks F1 are attached so that they can move freely in the vertical direction relative to the forklift body FB. The forks F1 are also attached so that the angle of inclination relative to the forklift body FB can be adjusted.

The deck transportation and erection device 1 includes a frame 2 mounted on the forks of a forklift, multiple connecting members 6 suspended from the frame 2 and connected to the deck S, and members 7 securing the frame 2 to the forks F1. The frame 2 includes a first frame 3 mounted on the forks, a second frame 4 mounted on the first frame, and a third frame 5 mounted on the second frame. The first frame 3 is formed, for example, of a rectangular framework and steel plate in plan view. The underside of the first frame 3 is provided with four legs 3A that are placed on the ground. The legs 3A are provided with spaces 3B into which the forks F1 are inserted and secured when the forks F1 are placed on the ground. The forks F1 inserted into the spaces 3B are secured by fixing bolts 7A inserted from the underside of the front legs 3A in the fore-and-aft direction. The base ends of the forks are secured by plate-shaped fixing members 7B secured to the rear sides of the rear legs 3A in the fore-and-aft direction.

A structure is provided on the upper surface of the first frame 3 that allows the second frame 4 to rotate left and right in the lane axis direction in a plan view (see Figure 5). A rotation structure R is provided between the first frame 3 and the second frame 4, for example, that rotates around a rotation axis L along the vertical direction (Z-axis direction). A support portion 4D may be provided on the lower surface of the second frame 4, for example, that is supported on the upper surface of the first frame 3 and slides during rotation. The rotation structure R includes, for example, a first rotation jack R1 that is offset perpendicularly from the rotation axis L. The first rotation jack R1 is, for example, a telescopic hydraulic jack. For example, one end of the first jack R1 is connected to the first frame 3, and the other end is connected to the second frame 4. The first jack R1 rotates the second frame 4 relative to the first frame 3. The extension and contraction of the first jack R1 causes the second frame 4 to rotate around the rotation axis L relative to the first frame 3. The adjustment range for direction (rotation) relative to the front-to-rear direction is, for example, ±5°.

The second frame 4, for example, comprises a lower frame 4A (first lower frame) provided on the lower side, and an upper frame 4B (first upper frame) provided above the lower frame 4A. The lower frame 4A and the upper frame 4B are formed, for example, in a frame shape when viewed from above using channel steel or other members. The upper frame 4B and the lower frame 4A are provided with a first hinge structure 4C that rotates around a rotation axis L2 along the left-right direction (see Figure 6). The first hinge structure 4C, for example, rotatably connects the rear sides of the lower frame 4A and the upper frame 4B in the fore-and-aft direction. The front sides of the lower frame 4A and the upper frame 4B are supported by a pair of second jacks R2 on the left and right.

The second jack R2 is, for example, connected at one end to the upper frame 4B and at the other end to the lower frame 4A. The second jack R2 is, for example, a telescopic hydraulic jack. The second jack R2 can adjust the gradient of the upper frame 4B relative to the lower frame 4A in the longitudinal direction, which is the road lane axis direction, by extending and retracting. A third frame 5 is provided above the upper frame 4B. The third frame 5 can simultaneously adjust the longitudinal gradient by changing the gradient of the upper frame 4B relative to the road lane axis direction using the first hinge structure 4C and the second jack R2. The second jack R2 allows fine adjustment of the longitudinal gradient of the third frame relative to the second frame in the fore-and-aft direction after adjustment by the gradient adjustment of the fork F1.

The third frame 5 includes, for example, a lower frame 5A (second lower frame) provided on the lower side and an upper frame 5B (second upper frame) provided above the lower frame. The lower frame 5A and the upper frame 5B are formed, for example, from channel steel to form a rectangular frame in a plan view. The upper frame 5B and the lower frame 5A include a second hinge structure 5C that rotates around a rotation axis L3 along the front-to-rear direction (see Figure 7). The second hinge structure 5C rotatably connects, for example, one side of the lower frame 5A and the upper frame 5B in the left-to-right direction. The other side of the lower frame 5A and the upper frame 5B are supported by, for example, a pair of third jacks R3 arranged along the front-to-rear direction. The third jacks R3 allow the transverse gradient of the upper frame 5B relative to the lower frame 5A to be adjusted.

The third frame 5 is movable in the front-to-rear direction relative to the upper frame 4B of the second frame 4 (see Figure 8). The third frame 5 is movable in the front-to-rear direction relative to the upper frame 4B of the second frame 4 via a moving structure 5D. The moving structure 5D is provided, for example, between the upper frame 4B and the lower frame 5A. The moving structure 5D is formed, for example, using rails or guide members (not shown) that move the lower frame 5A of the third frame 5 in the front-to-rear direction relative to the upper frame 4B. The upper frame 5B moves in conjunction with the lower frame 5A. The position of the moving structure 5D is adjusted, for example, by a fourth jack R4. The fourth jack R4 allows, for example, the third frame 5 to be moved relative to the upper frame 4B so as to be pulled toward the forklift F.

The upper frame 5B of the third frame 5 is formed with a width greater than the width of the second frame 4 in the left-right direction, and both ends of the upper frame 5B in the left-right direction are provided with a pair of protrusions 5E, 5F (see Figure 4) that protrude outward from both ends of the second frame 4.

The protrusions 5E and 5F are provided with multiple connecting members 6 that hang from the underside and connect to the deck S. Two connecting members 6 are arranged along the front-to-rear direction on each of the protrusions 5E and 5F. The upper and lower ends of the connecting members 6 are provided with ball joints 6A or the like that allow them to rotate in any direction.

A ball joint 6A or the like provided at the lower end of the connecting member 6 is fixed to the upper surface of the deck S using a bolt or the like. As shown in Figures 9 and 10, the deck S is suspended from the third frame 5 by the connecting member 6 via the ball joint 6A or the like, and is therefore suspended at the slope of the third frame 5.

The deck slab transportation and erection device 1 is firmly fixed to the forks F1 of the forklift body FB using, for example, fixing bolts 7A or fixing members 7B as shown in Figures 3 and 4, to prevent movement in the vertical and longitudinal directions.

With the deck slab transportation and erection device 1, the longitudinal gradient of the deck slab S can be adjusted by adjusting the longitudinal gradient of the forks F1 relative to the forklift body FB. Additionally, the left-right position of the deck slab S can be adjusted by using a sliding mechanism to move the forks F1 left and right. With the deck slab transportation and erection device 1, the first jack R1 (see Figure 5) rotates the second frame 4 together with the third frame 5 relative to the first frame 3 around the rotation axis L, allowing for fine adjustment of the rotational direction of the deck slab S. With the deck slab transportation and erection device 1, the longitudinal gradient of the third frame 5 relative to the second frame 4 can be fine-tuned using the second jack R2, allowing for fine adjustment of the longitudinal gradient of the deck slab S. The longitudinal gradient adjustment range is, for example, ±2%.

With the deck slab transportation and erection device 1, the third jack R3 makes it possible to adjust the transverse gradient of the third frame relative to the second frame, allowing for fine adjustment of the transverse gradient of the deck slab S. The adjustment range for the transverse gradient is, for example, ±2%. With the deck slab transportation and erection device 1, the fourth jack R4 makes it possible to adjust the fore-and-aft position of the third frame 5 relative to the second frame 4, allowing for adjustment of the position to which the deck slab S is pulled in the fore-and-aft direction. The range to which the deck slab S is pulled in the fore-and-aft direction is, for example, 250 mm. This allows the deck slab S to move in conjunction with the amount of movement of the deck slab S when moved by a moving structure provided on the installation side during installation, as described below.

The first jack R1, second jack R2, third jack R3, and fourth jack R4 are extended and retracted by hydraulic cylinders and controlled by working fluid circulated by a hydraulic unit (not shown). The hydraulic unit is powered by, for example, a single-phase 100V power source, and individually controls the extension and retraction of the first jack R1, second jack R2, third jack R3, and fourth jack R4, and can be operated by a remote hand switch (not shown).

As shown in Figure 11, the deck S is transported while suspended by the deck transportation and erection device 1 placed on the forks F1 of a forklift F. The deck S is sequentially placed on the main girders M from which the old deck has been removed. The main girders M have a slope. The forklift F travels on the deck S that has already been installed on the main girders M. When the deck S has reached approximately the installation target position P, the driver of the forklift F lowers the forks F1. The installation target position P is a position a predetermined distance from the front of the installed deck S.

When the deck S is roughly close to the installation position P, the driver adjusts the approximate longitudinal gradient of the forks F1 relative to the forklift body FB, bringing the gradient of the deck S closer to the gradient of the main girder M at the installation position P. The approximate position of the deck S in the fore-and-aft direction is also adjusted by moving the forklift F forward or backward. The longitudinal gradient that cannot be adjusted by adjusting the gradient of the forks F1 is fine-tuned using the second jack R2. The transverse gradient that cannot be adjusted by adjusting the forks F1 is fine-tuned using the third jack R3.

The rotational direction of the deck S is finely adjusted using the first jack R1. When the deck S is positioned near the installation target position P, the operator lowers the fork F1 and places the deck S at the installation target position P.

Since the deck S is spaced a predetermined distance in front of the existing deck S, it is pulled toward the existing deck S by a pulling jack (not shown) installed on the existing deck S side. At this time, the fourth jack R4 is operated in conjunction with the pulling jack to move the third frame 5 toward the forklift F. This allows the third frame 5, along with the suspended deck S, to be moved toward the existing deck S.

The lateral position of the deck S can be adjusted appropriately, for example, using the lateral adjustment function of the forks F1. Workers may also fine-tune the position of the suspended deck S using a crowbar or similar tool. The deck S placed at the installation position P is fastened to the existing deck S using fastening members (not shown). The fastened deck S becomes a new floor surface on which a forklift F can travel. By repeating the above process, a floor surface made of decks S can be constructed on the main girders M. Side walls S1 (see Figure 2) are installed on the decks S arranged continuously on the main girders M. The top surface of the decks S is then paved, and the elevated road is constructed.

As described above, the deck slab transportation and erection device 1 allows the deck slab S to be transported to the installation location P using a forklift F and erected there. Because the deck slab transportation and erection device 1 transports the deck S using a forklift F, it is possible to replace decks in steeply inclined, narrow locations where large cranes cannot be installed, such as on elevated road ramps, or in construction conditions with limited overhead space. The deck slab transportation and erection device 1 allows the deck slab S to be transported and erected approximately to the installation location P based on the lifting and lowering functions of the forks F1 of the forklift F, the gradient adjustment function in the longitudinal direction, the position adjustment function in the lateral direction, and the self-propelling function of the forklift F itself.

The deck slab transportation and erection device 1 allows fine adjustments to the longitudinal and transverse gradients and rotational position of the deck slab S based on the operation of the first to fourth jacks R4 provided on the device itself.

The above describes one embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment and can be modified as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, the deck slab transportation and erection device 1 can be used to transport decks not only on roads but also indoors.

1 Deck transport and erection device 2 Frame 3 First frame 4 Second frame 4A Lower frame (first lower frame)
4B Upper frame (first upper frame)
5 Third frame 5A Lower frame (second lower frame)
5B Upper frame (second upper frame)
6 Connecting member 7 Member F Forklift F1 Fork R1 First jack R2 Second jack R3 Third jack R4 Fourth jack S Floor slab

Claims (5)

a first frame placed on forks provided on a forklift;
a second frame provided on the first frame so as to be rotatable in the left-right direction in the road lane axis direction;
a third frame provided on the second frame so as to be movable in a front-rear direction in the road lane axis direction;
and a plurality of connecting members suspended from the third frame and connected to the deck.
Deck transport and erection equipment. a first jack for rotating the second frame together with the third frame relative to the first frame;
The deck slab transporting and erecting device according to claim 1. the second frame includes a first lower frame and a first upper frame provided on the first lower frame,
a second jack for adjusting a longitudinal gradient of the first upper frame relative to the first lower frame in the road lane axis direction;
The deck slab transporting and erecting device according to claim 1 or 2. the third frame includes a second lower frame and a second upper frame provided on the second lower frame,
a third jack that adjusts a cross slope of the second upper frame relative to the second lower frame in the road lane axial direction;
The deck slab transporting and erecting device according to claim 1 or 2. a fourth jack configured to move the third frame relative to the second frame in a front-rear direction in the road lane axis direction;
The deck slab transporting and erecting device according to claim 1 or 2.