JP7788985B2 - Connection structure and connection method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a connection structure between a batter pile and a precast superstructure.

Piers used for mooring ships, etc., have a structure in which the superstructure is supported by piles. By using batter piles for these piles, horizontal forces can be effectively resisted, and reinforcement of the piles with braces, etc. can be omitted.

The superstructure can be constructed by pouring concrete on-site, but this is heavily affected by meteorological and oceanographic conditions such as tide levels and waves, which poses the risk of delays to the project and impacts on quality and the environment. Furthermore, when renovating piers at private facilities currently in operation, the lengthening of construction time can potentially disrupt operational activities. For this reason, precast concrete superstructures, as in Patent Document 1, are sometimes used to shorten construction times, streamline construction, improve quality, and ensure safety.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2019-152089

When constructing a pier using a precast superstructure, the precast superstructure is lowered vertically from above the previously cast piles and connected to the piles, but the problem here is the connection between the batter piles and the precast superstructure. Normally, holes are made in the precast superstructure to accommodate the pile insertion, with the size of the pile diameter plus a construction tolerance. However, in the case of batter piles, the holes for inserting the piles must be larger because the piles are at an angle, and the larger holes require more time for post-construction work such as reinforcement.

Meanwhile, in Patent Document 1, a curved connecting member is used to connect the batter pile to the precast superstructure. The inclined portion of the connecting member is inserted into the head of the batter pile and fixed in place, and then the vertical portion of the connecting member is inserted into a hole in the precast superstructure, which is then filled with filler material. This allows the diameter of the hole in the precast superstructure to be reduced, even at the connection between the batter pile and the precast superstructure.

However, in Patent Document 1, the inclined portions of the batter piles and connecting members extend downward from near the underside of the precast superstructure. The effectiveness of the batter piles is largely achieved by the truss structure formed by the batter piles and the precast superstructure, but if the inclined portions of the batter piles and connecting members are far from the center of the thickness of the precast superstructure, it is difficult to consider it a complete truss structure, and excess bending moment occurs at the pile head in response to horizontal forces, reducing the effectiveness of the batter piles.

The present invention was made in consideration of the above problems, and aims to provide a connection structure between a batter pile and a precast superstructure that can effectively resist horizontal forces while reducing the diameter of the holes in the precast superstructure.

The first invention to solve the above-mentioned problems is a connection structure between a tubular batter pile and a concrete precast superstructure, characterized in that holes inclined to match the batter pile are formed in the precast superstructure, the precast superstructure is placed on top of the batter pile, and connecting pipes inclined to match the batter pile are inserted into the holes and the inside of the upper ends of the batter piles and filled with filler material.

In the connection structure of the present invention, a connecting pipe is inserted into a hole in the precast superstructure that has the same inclination as the batter pile, and part of it is buried inside the batter pile. The hole in the precast superstructure has the same inclination as the batter pile and only needs to be slightly larger in diameter than the connecting pipe, allowing the hole in the precast superstructure to be made smaller in diameter. Furthermore, because the inclination of the connecting pipe leading to the batter pile begins inside the precast superstructure, a highly complete truss structure can be achieved between the batter pile and the precast superstructure, and the batter pile can effectively resist horizontal forces.

It is also desirable that a sleeve pipe be provided on the inner surface of the hole, and that a connecting member be fixed to the upper end of the connecting pipe and the inner surface of the sleeve pipe. For example, a slit is provided in the upper end of the connecting pipe along the axial direction of the connecting pipe, and a plate material, which is the connecting member fixed to the inner surface of the sleeve pipe, is inserted into the slit and fixed to the slit.
The connecting material allows the connecting pipe to be securely fixed in the hole in the precast superstructure. The fixing method using the plate material also accommodates slight deviations in the position or angle of the connecting pipe, absorbing installation errors of the batter piles and the precast superstructure.

It is also desirable that a temporary support pipe be provided at the upper end of the inclined pile, that a flange be provided at the upper end of the temporary support pipe on which the precast superstructure is placed, that the inner edge of the flange protrude into the inside of the hole, and that a protruding piece be provided on the outer surface of the connecting pipe, and that the protruding piece be placed on the inner edge of the flange.
This allows the connecting pipe to be stably positioned during construction.

The connection structure is, for example, a connection structure between a batter pile and a precast superstructure in a pier at a port.
This allows the holes in the precast superstructure of the pier to be narrowed in diameter while the batter piles can effectively resist horizontal forces.

The second invention is a method for connecting a tubular batter pile to a concrete precast superstructure using the connection structure of the first invention, characterized in that it includes the steps of placing the precast superstructure on top of the batter pile, and inserting a connecting pipe with an inclination that follows the batter pile into the hole and inside the upper end of the batter pile, and filling it with filler material.
The second invention is a method for connecting a batter pile to a precast superstructure using the connection structure of the first invention.

This invention makes it possible to provide a connection structure between a batter pile and a precast superstructure that can effectively resist horizontal forces while reducing the diameter of the holes in the precast superstructure.

FIG. A diagram showing the top surface of the precast superstructure 2. FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the arrangement of a plate 111. FIG. 10 is an enlarged view showing the gap between the steel pipe of the batter pile 4 and the connecting pipe 13. A diagram showing the method of connecting the batter piles 4 and the precast superstructure 2. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the upper end of the connecting pipe 13. 10 shows an example of a method for connecting the connecting pipe 13 and the sheath pipe 11. FIG. FIG. 4 is an enlarged view showing the gap between the sleeve pipe 11 and the connecting pipe 13.

The following describes in detail a preferred embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings.

(1. Pier 1)
Fig. 1 is a diagram showing a pier 1 having a connection structure 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and shows a vertical cross section taken along line a-a in Fig. 2. The pier 1 is a pier installed in the coastal area of a port or the like, and is used for mooring ships, etc.

The pier 1 is constructed with a precast superstructure 2 supported by vertical piles 3 and batter piles 4 driven into the ground at the bottom of the water. The precast superstructure 2 is a concrete plate-like member placed on top of the vertical piles 3 and batter piles 4. The vertical piles 3 and batter piles 4 are tubular piles made of steel pipes. Note that the pier 1 is not limited to having vertical piles 3 and batter piles 4, and may have only batter piles 4.

Figure 2 is a top view of the precast superstructure 2. The precast superstructure (hereinafter simply referred to as the superstructure) 2 has a rectangular planar shape. The superstructure 2 has beams 21 in the long side direction and beams 22 in the short side direction arranged in a grid pattern on the underside of the deck slab. The long side direction and short side direction of the superstructure 2 correspond to the up-down direction and left-right direction in Figure 2, respectively.

The vertical piles 3 and batter piles 4 are connected to the superstructure 2 at the intersections of the beams 21 and 22. At the intersections where the batter piles 4 are connected, holes 24 are provided that penetrate the intersections vertically. The batter piles 4 are connected using these holes 24, which are filled with filler F made of a cement-based material such as mortar or concrete. Some of the batter piles 4 extend from the center of the superstructure 2's short side toward one end of the short side, and others extend toward the other end. A pair of holes 24 is provided corresponding to each pair of batter piles 4.

(2. Connection structure 10)
Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the connection structure 10, and is a vertical cross section taken along line b-b in Fig. 2. As shown in Fig. 3, the connection structure 10 includes a sheath pipe 11, a temporary receiving pipe 12, a connecting pipe 13, etc.

The sheath pipes 11 are steel pipes that are placed along the inner surface of the holes 24 in the precast superstructure 2, and are provided in each of the pair of holes 24. The holes 24 are inclined in the same direction as the inclination of the batter piles 4, and the sheath pipes 11 also have a similar inclination. Two flange-shaped plates 111 are provided around the sheath pipe 11, one above the other. These plates 111 are embedded in the concrete of the superstructure 2.

Figure 4 shows the arrangement of plates 111 inside the superstructure 2 as viewed from above. The plates 111 are installed in common to the sheath pipes 11 of each hole 24. The main reinforcement bars 23 in the long and short side directions of the superstructure 2 are fixed to these plates 111 by welding or other means. The main reinforcement bars 23 can also be fixed directly to the outer surface of the sheath pipe 11.

Returning to the explanation of Figure 3, the temporary support pipe 12 is a steel pipe fitted onto the upper end of the batter pile 4, and has an inclination that follows the inclination direction of the batter pile 4. A flange 121, which is an annular horizontal plate, is attached to the upper end of the temporary support pipe 12 along the circumferential direction of the temporary support pipe 12. The upper surface of the flange 121 abuts against the underside of the periphery of the hole 24 in the superstructure 2, and the inner edge of the flange 121 protrudes inside the hole 24. Reference numeral 122 in the figure denotes a rib for reinforcing the flange 121, which is fixed to the underside of the flange 121 and the outer surface of the temporary support pipe 12 by welding or the like. Multiple ribs 122 are attached at intervals around the circumferential direction of the temporary support pipe 12.

A horizontal plate 123 that protrudes inward is attached to the inner surface of the temporary support pipe 12, and the upper ends of the batter piles 4 are fixed to the underside of the plate 123 by welding or other means. Multiple plates 123 are provided at intervals around the circumference of the temporary support pipe 12. Reference numeral 124 in the figure denotes ribs for reinforcing each plate 123, which are fixed to the upper surface of the plate 123 and the inner surface of the temporary support pipe 12 by welding or other means.

The connecting pipe 13 is a steel pipe that is inserted into the hole 24 (sheath pipe 11) and the inside of the upper end of the batter pile 4. The connecting pipe 13 has an inclination that follows the inclination direction of the batter pile 4. A slit 131 is provided at the upper end of the connecting pipe 13, and a shim plate 112 fixed to the inner surface of the sheath pipe 11 by welding or the like is inserted into this slit 131.

The shim plate 112 is a plate material arranged with its plate surface oriented vertically, and is made of steel plate. The shim plate 112 is fixed to the slit 131 by welding or other means, and functions as a connecting member connecting the upper end of the connecting pipe 13 to the inner surface of the sheath pipe 11, providing resistance to pushing or pulling forces generated in the batter pile 4.

A protruding piece 132 is provided on the outer surface of the connecting pipe 13 in the axial middle portion. The protruding piece 132 is a plate member arranged with its plate surface oriented vertically, and the lower end of the protruding piece 132 rests on the upper surface of the inner edge of the flange 121. The protruding pieces 132 are fixed to the outer surface of the connecting pipe 13 by welding or the like, and multiple protruding pieces 132 are provided at intervals around the circumferential direction of the connecting pipe 13.

The holes 24 in the superstructure 2 and the inside of the upper ends of the batter piles 4 are filled with the aforementioned filler material F. Reference numeral 133 in Figure 3 denotes a locking piece provided at the lower end of the connecting pipe 13 to secure the connecting pipe 13 to the filler material F.

Figure 5 is an enlarged view of the gap between the steel pipe of the batter pile 4 and the connecting pipe 13 inside the upper end of the batter pile 4. A shear key 41 made of a round bar or the like is fixed to the inner surface of the steel pipe at the upper end of the batter pile 4, and a shear key 134 made of a round bar or the like is fixed to the outer surface of the lower part of the connecting pipe 13 inserted into the steel pipe. These shear keys 41, 134 enable the transmission of shear force via the filler material F between the steel pipe of the batter pile 4 and the connecting pipe 13, integrating the batter pile 4 and the connecting pipe 13. The shear keys 41, 134 are provided in multiple rows spaced apart in the axial direction of the batter pile 4 and the connecting pipe 13.

The above describes one of the batter piles 4 extending toward both ends of the superstructure 2 in the short side direction, but the other batter pile 4 is also connected to the superstructure 2 using a connection structure 10 similar to that shown in Figure 3, etc.

(3. Method of connecting the batter piles 4 and the superstructure 2)
6A and 6B are diagrams illustrating a method for connecting the batter piles 4 and the superstructure 2. In this embodiment, a temporary support pipe 12 is first installed on the upper end of the batter pile 4, which has been previously installed as shown in Fig. 6A, as shown in Fig. 6B. The temporary support pipe 12 is fitted onto the upper end of the batter pile 4, and the upper end of the steel pipe of the batter pile 4 is fixed to the plate 123 on the inner surface of the temporary support pipe 12 by welding or the like.

Then, the superstructure 2 is lowered vertically from the batter piles 4 and placed on the flange 121 of the temporary support pipe 12, as shown in Figure 6(c). At this time, the flange 121 abuts against the underside of the hole 24 in the superstructure 2, with the inner edge of the flange 121 protruding into the hole 24.

Then, as shown in Figure 6(d), concrete Con is filled into the steel pipe of the batter pile 4, and the connecting pipe 13 is inserted into the hole 24 of the superstructure 2 and into the inside of the batter pile 4. The concrete Con is filled up to below the upper end of the batter pile 4, and the lower part of the connecting pipe 13 is placed inside the upper end of the batter pile 4. At this time, the protruding piece 132 on the outer surface of the connecting pipe 13 rests on the inner edge of the flange 121 protruding inside the hole 24.

The shim plate 112 is then fixed to the inner surface of the sleeve tube 11 and the slit 131 of the connecting tube 13 by welding or other means. This fixes the connecting tube 13 within the hole 24.

Figures 7(a) and (b) show the upper end of the connecting pipe 13, with Figure 7(a) showing the state before the shim plate 112 is installed and Figure 7(b) showing the state after the shim plate 112 is installed. Note that the plate 111 of the sheath pipe 11 and the superstructure 2 are not shown in Figures 7(a) and (b).

A plurality of slits 131 are provided at intervals around the circumference of the connecting pipe 13, and in this embodiment, eight slits 131 are formed at equal intervals at the upper end of the connecting pipe 13. These slits 131 are provided to extend downward from the upper end of the connecting pipe 13 along the axial direction of the connecting pipe 13.

Multiple shim plates 112 are also provided at intervals around the circumferential direction of the sheath pipe 11, corresponding to the positions of the slits 131. The shim plates 112 can be welded to the slits 131 at any position within the shim plate 112, and because they are retrofitted, they can accommodate slight deviations in the position or angle of the connecting pipe 13, absorbing installation errors of the batter piles 4, superstructure 2, etc.

After this, as shown in Figure 3, filler material F is filled inside the holes 24 in the superstructure 2 and the upper ends of the batter piles 4. The flange 121 of the temporary support pipe 12 also functions as a bottom formwork when filling with filler material F, reducing the work required to set up the formwork. A sealant (not shown) can be applied in advance to the top surface of the flange 121 to reliably prevent filler material F from leaking between the superstructure 2 and the flange 121. Filler material F is also filled inside the temporary support pipe 12, and when the temporary support pipe 12 is installed (see Figure 6(b)), a sealing material (not shown) such as a filler is also applied to close the bottom end of the gap between the temporary support pipe 12 and the batter pile 4.

Through the above process, the connection structure 10 shown in Figure 3 etc. is formed. In this embodiment, the superstructure 2 is made of precast members, which shortens the construction period and streamlines construction. Furthermore, almost all of the processes after the installation of the superstructure 2 can be carried out by work on the top surface of the superstructure 2, reducing the amount of intertidal work below the superstructure 2 and facilitating construction.

As explained above, in the connection structure 10 of this embodiment, the connecting pipe 13 is inserted into a hole 24 provided in the superstructure 2, which has the same slope as the batter pile 4, and a portion of it is buried inside the batter pile 4. The hole 24 in the superstructure 2 has the same slope as the batter pile 4, and only needs to be slightly larger in diameter than the connecting pipe 13, allowing the diameter of the hole 24 in the superstructure 2 to be narrower. Furthermore, because the slope of the connecting pipe 13 leading to the batter pile 4 begins inside the superstructure 2, a highly complete truss structure can be achieved between the batter pile 4 and the superstructure 2, and the batter pile 4 can effectively resist horizontal forces.

In addition, in this embodiment, the shim plate 112 is fixed to the inner surface of the sheath pipe 11 and the slit 131 of the connecting pipe 13, so the connecting pipe 13 can be securely fixed within the hole 24 of the superstructure 2. The fixing method using the shim plate 112 can also accommodate slight deviations in the position or angle of the connecting pipe 13, absorbing installation errors of the batter piles 4 and superstructure 2. Furthermore, welding of the shim plate 112 can be performed within reach from the top surface of the superstructure 2, making the work easier.

In addition, in this embodiment, the protruding piece 132 on the outer surface of the connecting pipe 13 is configured to rest on the inner edge of the flange 121 of the temporary support pipe 12 that protrudes inside the hole 24 in the superstructure 2, allowing the connecting pipe 13 to be stably positioned during construction.

The connection structure 10 of this embodiment is a connection structure between the batter piles 4 and the superstructure 2 of a pier 1 at a port, and allows the batter piles 4 to effectively resist horizontal forces while reducing the diameter of the holes 24 in the superstructure 2 of the pier 1.

However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. For example, in this embodiment, the connection structure 10 is applied to a pier 1 at a port, but the application of the connection structure 10 is not limited to this.

The configuration of the temporary support pipe 12 and connecting pipe 13 is also not limited to the above. For example, instead of fixing the plate 123 of the temporary support pipe 12 to the upper end of the steel pipe of the batter pile 4 by welding, etc., it is also possible to fix the temporary support pipe 12 by inserting a wedge-shaped metal piece between the temporary support pipe 12 and the steel pipe of the batter pile 4. Also, in this embodiment, the temporary support pipe 12 is fitted onto the steel pipe of the batter pile 4, but the temporary support pipe 12 may also be inserted inside the steel pipe. Furthermore, instead of placing the superstructure 2 on top of the temporary support pipe 12, it is also possible to protrude a temporary support member downward from the superstructure 2 and install this temporary support member at the upper end of the batter pile 4, in which case the temporary support pipe 12 described above would be omitted.

In this embodiment, the shim plate 112 is welded to the slit 131 of the connecting pipe 13, connecting the connecting pipe 13 and the sleeve pipe 11. However, as shown in FIG. 8(a), the shim plate 112 can be L-shaped with its inner end bent downward, and the bent portion can be fixed to the connecting pipe 13 by welding or other means. Also, as shown in FIG. 8(b), a pair of plates 135 (pull-out resistance plates) protruding upward from the connecting pipe 13 can be fixed to the connecting pipe 13 by welding or other means, and the shim plate 112 can be inserted into the gap between the pair of plates 135 and fixed to the shim plate 112 and the plates 135 by welding or other means. The shim plates 112 in FIGS. 8(a) and 8(b) and the pair of plates 135 in FIG. 8(b) can be provided in multiple sets spaced apart around the circumferential direction of the sleeve pipe 11 or the connecting pipe 13. In the example of FIGS. 8(a) and 8(b), the slit 131 can be omitted. In contrast, the connection method using slits 131 as shown in Figure 7 is superior in that it requires fewer components and is easier to accommodate construction errors.

Also, as shown in the connection structure 10a in Figure 9, the shim plate 112 can be omitted and the hole 24 can be made even smaller in diameter. In this case, the connecting pipe 13 also does not have the slit 131 described above.

Figure 10 is an enlarged view of the gap between the sheath pipe 11 and the connecting pipe 13. In this example, shear keys 113 made of round steel bars or the like are fixed in multiple rows, one above the other, to the inner surface of the sheath pipe 11, and similar shear keys 134 are fixed in multiple rows, one above the other, to the outer surface of the upper part of the connecting pipe 13 placed inside the sheath pipe 11. These shear keys 113, 134 enable the transmission of shear force via the filler material F between the sheath pipe 11 and the connecting pipe 13, integrating the superstructure 2 and the connecting pipe 13.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. It is clear that those skilled in the art will be able to conceive of various modifications and alterations within the scope of the technical ideas disclosed in this application, and it is understood that these also naturally fall within the technical scope of the present invention.

1: Pier 2: Precast superstructure 3: Vertical pile 4: Batter pile 10, 10a: Connection structure 11: Sheath pipe 12: Temporary support pipe 13: Connection pipe 24: Holes 111, 123, 135: Plate 112: Shim plate 131: Slit 132: Protruding piece

Claims (6)

A connection structure between a tubular batter pile and a concrete precast superstructure,
The precast superstructure is provided with holes having an inclination along the batter piles,
The precast superstructure is placed on the batter piles,
A connection structure characterized in that a connecting pipe having an inclination along the batter pile is inserted into the hole and inside the upper end of the batter pile, and is filled with filler material. a sheath tube is provided on the inner surface of the hole;
2. The connection structure according to claim 1, wherein a connecting member is fixed to an upper end of the connecting pipe and an inner surface of the sleeve pipe. a slit extending along the axial direction of the connecting pipe is provided at the upper end of the connecting pipe;
3. The connection structure according to claim 2, wherein a plate material serving as the connecting member fixed to the inner surface of the sleeve pipe is inserted into the slit and fixed to the slit. A temporary support pipe is provided at the upper end of the batter pile,
A flange on which the precast superstructure is placed is provided at the upper end of the temporary support pipe,
an inner edge of the flange protruding into the hole;
A protruding piece is provided on the outer surface of the connecting pipe,
2. The connection structure according to claim 1, wherein the protruding piece is placed on an inner edge of the flange. A connection structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the connection structure is a connection structure between a batter pile and a precast superstructure in a pier at a port. A method for connecting a tubular batter pile to a concrete precast superstructure using the connection structure according to claim 1,
placing the precast superstructure on the batter piles;
A step of inserting a connecting pipe having a slope along the baffle into the hole and the inside of the upper end of the baffle and filling it with a filler material;
A connection method comprising: