JP7800357B2 - Vehicle window glass - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a vehicle window glass.

In recent years, it has become known to install antennas on vehicle window glass that can receive radio waves in various broadcast frequency bands, including AM broadcast waves, FM broadcast waves, European standard DAB (Digital Audio Broadcast) broadcast waves, and terrestrial digital television broadcast waves (see, for example, Patent Document 1). The frequency band for terrestrial digital television broadcast waves is particularly high-frequency and broadband, ranging from 470 MHz (megahertz) to 710 MHz, and development is underway to equip vehicle window glass with antennas that can achieve the desired antenna reception sensitivity in this band.

JP 2017-060069 A

However, when an antenna is placed in the opening of a vehicle window glass, if the antenna pattern (pattern length) becomes large and the area in which the antenna is placed becomes large, it may cause inconveniences such as obstructing visibility. For this reason, there is a demand for vehicle window glass that has an antenna pattern that is as compact as possible and that is placed in the edge area of the opening so as not to obstruct visibility.

The present invention provides a vehicle window glass that is compact, does not obstruct visibility, and provides sufficient antenna reception sensitivity.

The present invention has the following aspects.
[1] A vehicle window glass to be attached to a vehicle, comprising: a glass plate; and an antenna provided on the glass plate, the antenna having a core-side feeding portion and a core-side element connected to the core-side feeding portion, and a ground-side feeding portion and a ground-side element connected to the ground-side feeding portion, wherein the core-side element has a first element electrically connected to the core-side feeding portion and extending in the horizontal direction, and a second element electrically connected to the core-side feeding portion and extending to approach a metal portion of the vehicle, and the second element includes a first horizontal portion located farther than the metal portion and near the core-side feeding portion and extending in the horizontal direction, and a second horizontal portion located in the vicinity of the metal portion, extending in the horizontal direction, and capacitively coupled to the metal portion.

[2] The vehicle window glass of [1], wherein the second element surrounds the first element and extends toward the metal portion.

[3] The vehicle window glass of [2], wherein the length L1 of the first element satisfies (0.033 x λ x k) ≦ L1 ≦ (0.36 x λ x k), where λ is the wavelength in air of radio waves in the frequency band received by the antenna, and k is the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate.

[4] The vehicle window glass of [1], wherein the first element includes a fourth horizontal portion extending horizontally and capacitively coupling with the metal portion.

[5] The vehicle window glass of [4], wherein the length L1 of the first element satisfies (0.033 x λ x k) ≦ L1 ≦ (0.68 x λ x k), where λ is the wavelength in air of radio waves in the frequency band received by the antenna, and k is the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate.

[6] The vehicle window glass of [4] or [5], wherein the second horizontal portion and the fourth horizontal portion are positioned on approximately the same straight line with a predetermined distance between them.

[7] A vehicle window glass according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein the length L2 of the second element satisfies (0.50 x λ x k) ≦ L2 ≦ (0.90 x λ x k), where λ is the wavelength in air of radio waves in the frequency band received by the antenna, and k is the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate.

[8] A vehicle window glass according to any one of [1] to [7], wherein the distance between the second horizontal portion and the metal portion is 1 mm or more and 40 mm or less.

[9] A vehicle window glass according to any one of [1] to [8], wherein the length L22 of the second horizontal portion satisfies (0.016 × λ × k) ≦ L22 ≦ (0.25 × λ × k), where λ is the wavelength in air of radio waves in the frequency band received by the antenna, and k is the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate.

[10] The vehicle window glass of any one of [1] to [9], wherein the second element has a first vertical portion that connects the first horizontal portion and the second horizontal portion and extends vertically.

[11] A vehicle window glass according to any one of [1] to [10], wherein the second horizontal portion extends closer to the core-side power supply portion, and the second element forms a half-loop shape.

[12] The vehicle window glass of any one of [1] to [10], wherein the second horizontal portion extends away from the core-side power supply portion.

[13] A vehicle window glass according to any one of [1] to [12], wherein the second horizontal portion has two open ends.

[14] The vehicle window glass of any one of [1] to [13], wherein the second element connects the core-side power supply portion and the first horizontal portion and has a second vertical portion extending vertically.

[15] A vehicle window glass according to any one of [1] to [14], wherein the ground element has a third horizontal portion extending horizontally.

[16] The vehicle window glass of [15], wherein the third horizontal portion is capacitively coupled to the metal portion.

[17] The vehicle window glass of [15], wherein the third horizontal portion is positioned farther from the metal portion in the vertical direction than the first horizontal portion.

[18] The vehicle window glass of [17], wherein the ground element includes a fifth horizontal portion extending parallel to the third horizontal portion.

[19] The vehicle window glass of [18], wherein the ground element has at least one loop element.

[20] A vehicle window glass according to any one of [1] to [19], wherein the length L3 of the grounding element satisfies (0.033 × λ × k) ≦ L3 ≦ (0.25 × λ × k), where λ is the wavelength in air of radio waves in the frequency band received by the antenna, and k is the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate.

[21] A vehicle window glass according to any one of [1] to [3], [7] to [16], and [20], wherein the ground-side power supply portion is positioned closer to the metal portion in the vertical direction than the core-side power supply portion.

[22] A vehicle window glass according to any one of [1], [4] to [15], and [17] to [21], wherein the core-side power supply portion is positioned closer to the metal portion in the vertical direction than the ground-side power supply portion.

[23] A vehicle window glass according to any one of [1] to [22], wherein the antenna is capable of receiving radio waves in the frequency band of terrestrial digital television broadcast waves.

[24] A vehicle window glass according to any one of [1] to [23], wherein the antenna is a diversity antenna arranged in multiple on one glass plate, and the multiple antennas have symmetrical patterns.

[25] A vehicle window glass according to any one of [1] to [24], wherein the antenna is a diversity antenna with multiple antennas arranged on one glass plate, and the multiple antennas have asymmetric patterns.

[26] The vehicle window glass of any one of [1] to [25], wherein the glass plate includes at least one of a windshield, a side glass, and a rear glass.

According to the present invention, vehicle window glass is compact and does not obstruct visibility, while still providing sufficient antenna reception sensitivity.

1 is an external view illustrating an example of a vehicle window glass according to a first embodiment. 3A and 3B are diagrams illustrating an example of an antenna pattern on a vehicle window glass according to the first embodiment. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing antenna characteristics in Example 1 of the vehicle window glass according to the first embodiment. 10A and 10B are diagrams illustrating an example of an antenna pattern on a vehicle window glass according to a second embodiment. 10A and 10B are diagrams illustrating an example of an antenna pattern on a vehicle window glass according to a third embodiment. 10A and 10B are diagrams illustrating examples of antenna patterns on a vehicle window glass according to a fourth embodiment. FIG. 10 is an external view showing an example of a vehicle window glass according to a fifth embodiment. 13A and 13B are diagrams illustrating examples of antenna patterns on a vehicle window glass according to a fifth embodiment. 13A and 13B are diagrams illustrating an example of an antenna pattern on a vehicle window glass according to a sixth embodiment. FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of an antenna pattern on a vehicle window glass according to the seventh embodiment. 13A and 13B are diagrams showing examples of antenna patterns on a vehicle window glass according to the eighth embodiment; FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of an antenna pattern on a vehicle window glass according to the ninth embodiment. FIG. 23 is a diagram showing an example of an antenna pattern on a vehicle window glass according to a tenth embodiment. FIG. 22 is a diagram showing antenna characteristics in Example 2 of the vehicle window glass according to the tenth embodiment. FIG. 23 is a diagram showing an example of an antenna pattern on a vehicle window glass according to a modified example of the tenth embodiment. FIG. 23 is a diagram showing antenna characteristics in Example 3 of a vehicle window glass according to a modified example of the tenth embodiment.

The vehicle window glass according to an embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings.

[First embodiment]
FIG. 1 is an external view showing an example of a vehicle window glass 1 according to the first embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 1 , a vehicle window glass 1 is a glass to be attached to a vehicle such as an automobile, and includes a glass plate 2 and a plurality of antennas 10 .

The glass plate 2 is, for example, a windshield of a vehicle. The glass plate 2 is attached to the vehicle with its outer periphery covered by a metal part 3 of the vehicle.
The metal part 3 is, for example, a body flange that covers the outer periphery of the windshield of the vehicle.

The antenna 10 is an antenna capable of receiving, for example, the frequency band of terrestrial digital television broadcast waves (hereinafter referred to as the "DTV band"). Here, the DTV band is 470 MHz to 710 MHz. The antenna 10 is constructed by arranging a conductor such as metal on the glass plate 2. The antenna 10 is a diversity antenna in which multiple antennas 10 are arranged on one glass plate 2. Note that the vehicle window glass 1 of this embodiment may have only one antenna 10 arranged on the glass plate 2.

In this embodiment, two antennas 10, antenna 10-1 and antenna 10-2, are disposed above the glass plate 2, and the two antennas 10 (10-1, 10-2) have symmetrical patterns. Antennas 10-1 and 10-2 shown in FIG. 1 are configured with, for example, horizontally symmetrical patterns centered on the center line CL1 of the glass plate 2. In other words, antenna 10-2 has a pattern that is a left-right mirror image of antenna 10-1. Note that "symmetrical" here does not necessarily mean that the patterns of antennas 10-1 and 10-2 are perfectly identical (perfectly symmetrical), but also allows for slight differences in the placement and spacing of the pair of feeders, the length of each element, and the extension direction (angle). In other words, if the patterns of antennas 10-1 and 10-2 both have the characteristics described below, they can be considered to be in the category of symmetrical. Here, the detailed configuration of antenna 10-1 will be described with reference to FIG. 2.

2 is a diagram showing an example of a pattern of the antenna 10-1 (10) on the vehicle window glass of this embodiment, where FIG. 2 is an enlarged plan view of area AR1 in FIG.
2, the antenna 10-1 (10) includes a core-side feeding portion 11, a core-side element 12, a ground-side feeding portion 13, and a ground-side element 14, which are provided on a glass plate 2. The core-side feeding portion 11 and the ground-side feeding portion 13 are connected to the core wire and the covered wire (earth potential) of a coaxial cable (not shown), which serves as a transmission line, respectively. Note that the transmission line is not limited to a coaxial cable, and examples include a strip line, a microstrip line, a slot line, and a coplanar feed line.

The core-side power supply portion 11 is the core-side (hot-side) power supply electrode. When the glass plate 2 is installed in a vehicle, the core-side power supply portion 11 is positioned at a distance D3 from the metal portion 3 extending in the longitudinal (vertical) direction. Here, the distance D3 is, for example, 5 mm when the antenna 10 is positioned at the left or right end.

The core-side element 12 is the core-side antenna element and is composed of a conductive line pattern. The core-side element 12 includes a first element 12-1 and a second element 12-2. The core-side element 12 is arranged in connection with the core-side power supply portion 11.

The first element 12-1 is electrically connected to the core-side power supply portion 11 and extends horizontally. The length L1 of the first element 12-1 should satisfy formula (1a), where λ is the wavelength in air of radio waves in the frequency band received by the antenna 10, and k is the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate 2.

(0.033×λ×k)≦L1≦(0.36×λ×k)...Formula (1a)

That is, when the wavelength in air in the DTV band is λ = 422 mm to 638 mm and k ≈ 0.5 (the wavelength shortening rate when the antenna 10 is sealed inside laminated glass), the length L1 of the first element 12-1 is, for example, 7 mm to 115 mm (7 mm ≦ L1 ≦ 115 mm). Note that if the vehicle window glass 1 is a single-pane glass or if the antenna 10 is located on the outermost surface of laminated glass, it is recommended to design it with a wavelength shortening rate k ≈ 0.7. In this case, the length L1 of the first element 12-1 is, for example, 9 mm to 161 mm (9 mm ≦ L1 ≦ 161 mm).

Furthermore, it is preferable that the length L1 of the first element 12-1 satisfy formula (1b), and more preferably formula (1c).

(0.16×λ×k)≦L1≦(0.34×λ×k)...Formula (1b)
(0.27×λ×k)≦L1≦(0.30×λ×k)...Formula (1c)

In the example shown in Figure 2, the length L1 of the first element 12-1 is, for example, 110 mm.

The second element 12-2 is electrically connected to the core-side power supply unit 11, surrounds the first element 12-1, and extends toward the vehicle's metal parts 3. The second element 12-2 is positioned to surround the first element 12-1, including the horizontal and vertical metal parts 3. Note that the antenna 10 may be positioned away from the vertical metal parts 3 (corners) as long as it is near the horizontal metal parts 3.

The length L2 of the second element 12-2 should satisfy equation (2a), where λ is the wavelength in air of radio waves in the frequency band received by the antenna 10, and k is the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate 2.

(0.50×λ×k)≦L2≦(0.90×λ×k)...Formula (2a)

That is, when the wavelength in air in the DTV band is λ = 422 mm to 638 mm and k ≈ 0.5 (the wavelength shortening rate when the antenna 10 is sealed inside laminated glass), the length L2 of the second element 12-2 is, for example, 105 mm to 288 mm (105 mm ≦ L2 ≦ 288 mm). Note that if the vehicle window glass 1 is single-pane glass or if the antenna 10 is located on the outermost surface of laminated glass, it is recommended to design it with a wavelength shortening rate k ≈ 0.7. In this case, the length L2 of the second element 12-2 is, for example, 147 mm to 402 mm (147 mm ≦ L2 ≦ 402 mm).

Furthermore, it is preferable that the length L2 of the second element 12-2 satisfy formula (2b), and more preferably formula (2c).

(0.59×λ×k)≦L2≦(0.84×λ×k)...Formula (2b)
(0.67×λ×k)≦L2≦(0.79×λ×k)...Formula (2c)

In the example shown in FIG. 2, the length L2 of the second element 12-2 is, for example, 260 mm.
The second element 12-2 includes a first horizontal portion 121, a second horizontal portion 122, a first vertical portion 123, and a second vertical portion .

The first horizontal portion 121 is located further than the metal portion 3 and closer to the core-side power supply portion 11, and extends in the horizontal direction. In this embodiment, the horizontal direction also includes the approximately horizontal direction. The approximately horizontal direction is, for example, within ±15 degrees of the horizontal. The first horizontal portion 121 is connected to the core-side power supply portion 11 via the second vertical portion 124. The length L21 of the first horizontal portion 121 is, for example, 110 mm.

The second horizontal portion 122 is located near the metal portion 3, extends horizontally, and is capacitively coupled to the metal portion 3. The second horizontal portion 122 also extends closer to the core-side power supply portion 11, and the second element 12-2 forms a half-loop. In other words, the second horizontal portion 122 extends from the first vertical portion 123 (described below) in the direction of the ground-side power supply portion 13.

The length L22 of the second horizontal portion 122 should satisfy equation (3a), where λ is the wavelength in air of radio waves in the frequency band received by the antenna 10, and k is the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate 2.

(0.016×λ×k)≦L22≦(0.25×λ×k)...Formula (3a)

That is, the length L22 of the second horizontal portion 122 is, for example, 3 mm to 80 mm (3 mm≦L22≦80 mm) when the wavelength in air in the DTV band is λ = 422 mm to 638 mm and k ≈ 0.5 (the wavelength shortening rate when the antenna 10 is sealed inside the laminated glass). Note that if the vehicle window glass 1 is a single-pane glass or if the antenna 10 is located on the outermost surface of the laminated glass, it is recommended to design it with a wavelength shortening rate k ≈ 0.7. In this case, the length L22 of the second horizontal portion 122 is, for example, 4 mm to 112 mm (4 mm≦L22≦112 mm).

Furthermore, it is preferable that the length L22 of the second horizontal portion 122 satisfy formula (3b), and it is even more preferable that it satisfy formula (3c).

(0.033×λ×k)≦L22≦(0.23×λ×k)...Formula (3b)
(0.050×λ×k)≦L22≦(0.21×λ×k)...Formula (3c)

In the example shown in FIG. 2, the length L22 of the second horizontal portion 122 is, for example, 30 mm. Furthermore, the distance D1 between the second horizontal portion 122 and the metal portion 3 is 1 mm or more and 40 mm or less. The distance D1 is preferably 30 mm or less, more preferably 20 mm or less, even more preferably 15 mm or less, and particularly preferably 10 mm or less. The distance D1 is, for example, 5 mm. The lower limit of the distance D1 may be 1 mm or more.

The first vertical portion 123 connects the first horizontal portion 121 and the second horizontal portion 122 and extends in the vertical direction. In this embodiment, the vertical direction also includes a substantially vertical direction. The substantially vertical direction is, for example, within ±15 degrees of the vertical direction.
The length L23 of the first vertical portion 123 is, for example, 75 mm.

The second vertical portion 124 connects the core-side feeding portion 11 and the first horizontal portion 121 and extends vertically. The length L24 of the second vertical portion 124 is, for example, 25 mm. The second vertical portion 124 is not necessarily a required component and can be provided optionally. For example, if a predetermined distance can be secured between the first horizontal portion 121 and the first element 12-1 in the vertical direction, or if the length L2 satisfies the above formula, the second vertical portion 124 does not need to be provided. Furthermore, if the distance between the first horizontal portion 121 and the first element 12-1 is too close, the antenna characteristics may change, so the distance may be, for example, 20 mm or more.

In this embodiment, the length L2 of the second element 12-2 is the sum of the length L21 of the first horizontal portion 121, the length L22 of the second horizontal portion 122, the length L23 of the first vertical portion 123, and the length L24 of the second vertical portion 124 (L2 = L21 + L22 + L23 + L24).

The ground-side power supply 13 is a power supply electrode on the ground side (earth side). When the glass plate 2 is installed in a vehicle, the ground-side power supply 13 is positioned closer to the metal part 3 in the vertical direction (horizontal direction) than the core-side power supply 11.

The ground-side element 14 is the ground-side antenna element and is composed of a conductor pattern. The ground-side element 14 is arranged and connected to the ground-side power supply unit 13.

The length L3 of the ground element 14 should satisfy equation (4a), where λ is the wavelength in air of radio waves in the frequency band received by the antenna 10, and k is the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate 2.

(0.033×λ×k)≦L3≦(0.25×λ×k)...Formula (4a)

That is, when the wavelength in air in the DTV band is λ = 422 mm to 638 mm and k ≈ 0.5 (the wavelength shortening rate when the antenna 10 is sealed inside laminated glass), the length L3 of the grounded element 14 is, for example, 7 mm to 80 mm (7 mm ≦ L3 ≦ 80 mm). Note that if the vehicle window glass 1 is single-pane glass or if the antenna 10 is placed on the outermost surface of laminated glass, it is recommended to design it with a wavelength shortening rate k ≈ 0.7. In this case, the length L3 of the grounded element 14 is, for example, 9 mm to 112 mm (9 mm ≦ L3 ≦ 112 mm).

Furthermore, it is preferable that the length L3 of the ground-side element 14 satisfy equation (4b), and it is even more preferable that it satisfy equation (4c).

(0.067×λ×k)≦L3≦(0.23×λ×k)...Formula (4b)
(0.10×λ×k)≦L3≦(0.21×λ×k)...Formula (4c)

In the example shown in FIG. 2, the length L3 of the ground element 14 is, for example, 60 mm.
The ground side element 14 has a third vertical portion 141 and a third horizontal portion 142. The third vertical portion 141 is not necessarily a required component and may be provided optionally. For example, if the length L3 satisfies the above formula, the third vertical portion 141 does not need to be provided.

The third vertical portion 141 extends in the vertical direction and connects the ground-side feeding portion 13 and the third horizontal portion 142. The third vertical portion 141 has a length L31 of, for example, 10 mm.
The third horizontal portion 142 extends in the horizontal direction and is connected to the ground-side feeding portion 13 via the third vertical portion 141. The third horizontal portion 142 is capacitively coupled to the metal portion 3.

The length L32 of the third horizontal portion 142 is, for example, 10 mm to 80 mm. In the example shown in FIG. 2, the length L32 of the third horizontal portion 142 is, for example, 50 mm.
Furthermore, the distance D2 between the third horizontal portion 142 and the metal portion 3 is 1 mm or more and 40 mm or less. The distance D2 is preferably 30 mm or less, more preferably 20 mm or less, even more preferably 15 mm or less, and particularly preferably 10 mm or less. The distance D2 is, for example, 5 mm. The lower limit of the distance D2 may be 1 mm or more. Furthermore, the distance D2 may be the same dimension as the distance D1, or may be a different dimension.

In this embodiment, the length L3 of the ground side element 14 is the sum of the length L31 of the third vertical portion 141 and the length L32 of the third horizontal portion 142 (L3 = L31 + L32).
The conductor width of the core element 12 and the ground element 14 in plan view is, for example, 0.4 mm to 1.0 mm.

Next, with reference to FIG. 3, the antenna characteristics of the vehicle window glass 1 of this embodiment will be described.
Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the antenna characteristics of Example 1 of the vehicle window glass 1 of this embodiment. Fig. 3 shows actual measured values of the antenna characteristics in the DTV band using the pattern of the antenna 10-1. Note that since the antenna 10 was placed on the outermost surface of the laminated glass, the wavelength shortening rate k was set to be approximately 0.7.

Here, the dimensions of the antenna 10 shown in FIG. 2 for obtaining Example 1 are as follows.
Length L1 of the first element 12-1: 110 mm
Length L21 of the first horizontal portion 121: 130 mm
Length L22 of second horizontal portion 122: 30 mm
Length L23 of the first vertical portion 123: 75 mm
Length L24 of second vertical portion 124: 25 [mm]
Length L2 of second element 12-2: 260 mm
Length L32 of the third horizontal portion 142: 50 mm
Length L31 of the third vertical portion 141: 10 mm
Length L3 of the ground element 14: 60 mm
Distance D1: 5 mm
Distance D2: 5 mm

3, the vertical axis represents antenna gain [dBd] and the horizontal axis represents DTV band frequency, and a waveform W1 represents the measured value of the antenna characteristics.
As shown by the waveform W1, the vehicle window glass 1 of this embodiment provides sufficient and stable antenna reception sensitivity in the DTV band frequencies (470 mHz to 710 MHz). That is, the vehicle window glass 1 of this embodiment provides good antenna characteristics over a wide frequency band such as the DTV band.

As described above, the vehicle window glass 1 of this embodiment is a vehicle window glass to be attached to a vehicle and comprises a glass plate 2 and an antenna 10. The antenna 10 (for example, antenna 10-1) is provided on the glass plate 2 and comprises a core-side power supply 11, a core-side element 12 connected to the core-side power supply 11, and a ground-side power supply 13, a ground-side element 14 connected to the ground-side power supply 13. The core-side element 12 comprises a first element 12-1 electrically connected to the core-side power supply 11 and extending horizontally, and a second element 12-2 electrically connected to the core-side power supply 11 and extending close to the metal part 3 of the vehicle, surrounding the first element 12-1. The second element 12-2 includes a first horizontal section 121 that extends horizontally and is located closer to the core-side power supply section 11 than the metal section 3, and a second horizontal section 122 that extends horizontally and is located near the metal section 3, and is capacitively coupled to the metal section 3.

As a result, the vehicle window glass 1 of this embodiment has an antenna 10 that includes a second element 12-2 that surrounds the first element 12-1 and extends close to the metal part 3 of the vehicle, and the core element 12 includes a second horizontal part 122 that capacitively couples with the metal part 3. As shown in FIG. 3, for example, sufficient and stable antenna reception sensitivity can be obtained in the DTV band. Furthermore, because the vehicle window glass 1 of this embodiment is positioned near the metal part 3 of the vehicle, it is compact and does not obstruct the field of view. Therefore, the vehicle window glass 1 of this embodiment has an antenna pattern that differs from conventional technology, making it compact and minimizing obstruction of the field of view, while achieving sufficient antenna reception sensitivity.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the length L2 of the second element 12-2 satisfies the above formula (2a).

As a result, the vehicle window glass 1 of this embodiment can properly receive broadcast waves in the UHF (Ultra High Frequency) band, which includes the DTV band, using the second element 12-2. The UHF band is 300 MHz to 3 GHz (gigahertz).

In this embodiment, the distance D1 between the second horizontal portion 122 and the metal portion 3 is not less than 1 mm and not more than 40 mm.
As a result, in the vehicle window glass 1 of this embodiment, the second element 12-2 can be appropriately capacitively coupled to the metal part 3, and therefore sufficient antenna reception sensitivity can be obtained.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the length L1 of the first element 12-1 satisfies the above formula (1a).

As a result, the vehicle window glass 1 of this embodiment can properly receive broadcast waves in the UHF band, including the DTV band, using the first element 12-1.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the length L22 of the second horizontal section 122 satisfies the above formula (3a).

As a result, the vehicle window glass 1 of this embodiment allows for appropriate capacitive coupling between the metal portion 3 and the second horizontal portion 122, resulting in sufficient antenna reception sensitivity.

In addition, in this embodiment, the second element 12-2 has a first vertical portion 123 that connects the first horizontal portion 121 and the second horizontal portion 122 and extends vertically. The second horizontal portion 122 extends closer to the core-side feeding portion 11, and the second element 12-2 forms a half-loop shape.

As a result, the vehicle window glass 1 of this embodiment can appropriately capacitively couple the metal portion 3 and the second horizontal portion 122 via the first vertical portion 123.

In this embodiment, the second element 12-2 may have a second vertical portion 124 that connects the core-side feeding portion 11 and the first horizontal portion 121 and extends in the vertical direction.
As a result, the vehicle window glass 1 of this embodiment can make the pattern of the second element 12-2 compact while ensuring an appropriate length L2 of the second element 12-2.

In addition, in this embodiment, the length L3 of the ground-side element 14 satisfies the above formula (4a). Furthermore, the ground-side power supply portion 13 is positioned closer to the metal portion 3 in the vertical direction than the core-side power supply portion 11.

As a result, the vehicle window glass 1 of this embodiment can properly receive broadcast waves in the UHF band, including the DTV band, using the ground element 14.

In this embodiment, the antennas 10 (10-1, 10-2) are capable of receiving radio waves in the DTV band.
As a result, the vehicle window glass 1 of this embodiment has an antenna pattern different from that of the prior art, which is compact and does not obstruct visibility, and can obtain sufficient antenna reception sensitivity in the DTV band.

In addition, in this embodiment, the antenna 10 may be a diversity antenna in which multiple antennas 10 are arranged on a single glass plate 2, and the multiple antennas 10 (10-1, 10-2) have symmetrical patterns.

As a result, the vehicle window glass 1 of this embodiment uses a diversity antenna with an antenna pattern that differs from conventional technology, making it compact, not obstructing the field of view, and still providing sufficient antenna reception sensitivity.

In this embodiment, the glass plate 2 may include at least one of a windshield, a side glass, and a rear glass.
Furthermore, the multiple antennas 10 (10-1, 10-2) do not necessarily have to be completely symmetrical, and the patterns may be asymmetrical. That is, depending on the left-right asymmetry of the vehicle's instrument panel, steering wheel, etc., the patterns of the left antenna 10-1 and the right antenna 10-2 may be finely adjusted to make the left-right patterns asymmetrical.

As a result, the vehicle window glass 1 of this embodiment uses a diversity antenna with an antenna pattern that differs from conventional technology, making it compact, not obstructing the field of view, and still providing sufficient antenna reception sensitivity.

Second Embodiment
Next, a vehicle window glass 1a according to a second embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.
In the second embodiment, a modified example of the pattern of the antenna 10a provided on the vehicle window glass 1a will be described. As in the first embodiment, the vehicle window glass 1a includes a plurality of antennas 10a, each of which is a diversity antenna having a symmetrical pattern. The vehicle window glass 1a of this embodiment may include only one antenna 10a on the glass plate 2.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a pattern of the antenna 10a of the vehicle window glass 1a according to the second embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 4, the antenna 10a-1 (10a) includes a core-side feeding portion 11, a core-side element 12a, a ground-side feeding portion 13, and a ground-side element 14, which are provided on the glass plate 2.

In Figure 4, the same components as those in Figure 2 above are assigned the same reference numerals, and their description will be omitted. In this embodiment, a modified example of the pattern of the core wire side element 12 described above will be described.

In this embodiment, the core element 12a includes a first element 12-1 and a second element 12-2a.
The second element 12-2a is electrically connected to the core-side feeding portion 11, surrounds the first element 12-1, and extends close to the vehicle's metal parts 3. The second element 12-2a is disposed so as to surround the first element 12-1, including the metal parts 3 in the horizontal and vertical directions.

The second element 12-2a includes a first horizontal portion 121, a second horizontal portion 122a, a first vertical portion 123, and a second vertical portion 124. As in the first embodiment, the second vertical portion 124 is not necessarily an essential component and may be provided optionally.
The length L2 of the second element 12-2a is the same as in the first embodiment. The length L2 of the second element 12-2a is the sum of the length L21 of the first horizontal portion 121, the length L22 of the second horizontal portion 122a, the length L23 of the first vertical portion 123, and the length L24 of the second vertical portion 124 (L2 = L21 + L22 + L23 + L24).

In the present embodiment, the second horizontal portion 122a extends in the horizontal direction so as to move away from the core-side feeding portion 11. That is, the second horizontal portion 122a extends in the opposite direction to the second horizontal portion 122 of the first embodiment.
The other configurations of this embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment described above, and therefore the description thereof will be omitted here.

As described above, the vehicle window glass 1a of this embodiment includes a glass plate 2 and an antenna 10a. The antenna 10a (for example, antenna 10a-1) is provided on the glass plate 2 and has a core-side power supply portion 11, a core-side element 12a, a ground-side power supply portion 13, and a ground-side element 14. The core-side element 12a includes a first element 12-1 and a second element 12-2a. The second element 12-2a includes a first horizontal portion 121, a second horizontal portion 122a, a first vertical portion 123, and a second vertical portion 124. The second horizontal portion 122a extends horizontally, away from the core-side power supply portion 11.

As a result, the vehicle window glass 1a of this embodiment achieves the same effects as the first embodiment, and its antenna pattern, which differs from conventional technology, is compact and does not obstruct visibility, while providing sufficient antenna reception sensitivity.

[Third embodiment]
Next, a vehicle window glass 1b according to a third embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.
In the third embodiment, another modified example of the pattern of the antenna 10b provided on the vehicle window glass 1b will be described. As in the first embodiment, the vehicle window glass 1b includes a plurality of antennas 10b, and the plurality of antennas 10b are diversity antennas having symmetrical patterns.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a pattern of an antenna 10b on a vehicle window glass 1b according to the third embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 5, the antenna 10b-1 (10b) includes a core-side feeding portion 11, a core-side element 12b, a ground-side feeding portion 13, and a ground-side element 14, which are provided on the glass plate 2.

In Figure 5, the same components as those in Figure 2 above are assigned the same reference numerals, and their description will be omitted. In this embodiment, a modified version of the pattern of the core wire side element 12 in Figure 2 will be described.

In this embodiment, the core element 12b includes a first element 12-1 and a second element 12-2b.
The second element 12-2b is electrically connected to the core-side feeding portion 11, surrounds the first element 12-1, and extends close to the metal portion 3 of the vehicle.

The second element 12-2b includes a first horizontal portion 121a, a second horizontal portion 122b, a first vertical portion 123, and a second vertical portion 124. As in the first embodiment, the second vertical portion 124 is not necessarily an essential component and may be provided optionally.
The length L2 of the second element 12-2b is the same as in the first embodiment (L2 = L21 + L22 + L23 + L24). That is, in this embodiment, the length L22 of the second horizontal portion 122 corresponds to a part of the second horizontal portion 122b and the first vertical portion 123, i.e., the length from the connection point of the second horizontal portion 122b to one open end of the second horizontal portion 122b.

5 , the length L22 of the second horizontal portion 122 is the length from the connection point between the first vertical portion 123 and the second horizontal portion 122b to the open end of the second horizontal portion 122b that is closer to the core-side feeding portion 11. However, the length L22 of the second horizontal portion 122 may be the length from the connection point between the first vertical portion 123 and the second horizontal portion 122b to the open end of the second horizontal portion 122b that is farther from the core-side feeding portion 11.
The other configurations of this embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment described above, and therefore the description thereof will be omitted here.

As described above, the vehicle window glass 1b of this embodiment includes a glass plate 2 and an antenna 10b. The antenna 10b (for example, antenna 10b-1) is provided on the glass plate 2 and has a core-side power supply portion 11, a core-side element 12b, a ground-side power supply portion 13, and a ground-side element 14. The core-side element 12b includes a first element 12-1 and a second element 12-2b. The second element 12-2b includes a first horizontal portion 121a, a second horizontal portion 122b, a first vertical portion 123, and a second vertical portion 124. The second horizontal portion 122b has two open ends.

As a result, the vehicle window glass 1b of this embodiment achieves the same effects as the first embodiment, and its antenna pattern, which differs from conventional technology, is compact and does not obstruct visibility, while providing sufficient antenna reception sensitivity.

[Fourth embodiment]
Next, a vehicle window glass 1c according to a fourth embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.
In the fourth embodiment, another modified example of the pattern of the antenna 10c provided on the vehicle window glass 1c will be described. As in the first embodiment, the vehicle window glass 1c includes a plurality of antennas 10c, and the plurality of antennas 10c are diversity antennas having symmetrical patterns.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a pattern of an antenna 10c on a vehicle window glass 1c according to the fourth embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 6, the antenna 10c-1 (10c) includes a core-side feeding portion 11, a core-side element 12, a ground-side feeding portion 13, and a ground-side element 14a, which are provided on the glass plate 2.

In Figure 6, the same components as those in Figure 2 above are assigned the same reference numerals, and their description will be omitted. In this embodiment, a modified version of the pattern of the ground-side element 14 in Figure 2 will be described.

In this embodiment, the ground-side element 14a is a ground-side antenna element and is composed of a conductor pattern. The ground-side element 14a is arranged and connected to the ground-side power supply unit 13. The ground-side element 14a (an example of a third horizontal section) does not have the third vertical section 141 described above, and extends horizontally from the ground-side power supply unit 13.

The length L3 of the ground side element 14a satisfies the above formula (4a). That is, the length L3 of the ground side element 14a is, for example, 10 mm to 110 mm (10 mm≦L3≦110 mm). In the example shown in Figure 6, the length L3 of the ground side element 14a is, for example, 60 mm.

Furthermore, the ground element 14 a is capacitively coupled to the metal part 3 .
The distance D2 between the ground element 14a and the metal part 3 is 1 mm or more and 40 mm or less, and is, for example, 5 mm.
The other configurations of this embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment described above, and therefore the description thereof will be omitted here.

As described above, the vehicle window glass 1c of this embodiment includes a glass plate 2 and an antenna 10c. The antenna 10c (for example, antenna 10c-1) is provided on the glass plate 2 and has a core-side power supply portion 11, a core-side element 12, a ground-side power supply portion 13, and a ground-side element 14a. The ground-side element 14a does not have a third vertical portion 141 and extends horizontally from the ground-side power supply portion 13.

As a result, the vehicle window glass 1c of this embodiment achieves the same effects as the first embodiment, and its antenna pattern, which differs from conventional technology, is compact and does not obstruct visibility, while providing sufficient antenna reception sensitivity.

Fifth Embodiment
FIG. 7 is an external view showing an example of a vehicle window glass 1d according to the fifth embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 7, a vehicle window glass 1 d is a glass that is attached to a vehicle such as an automobile, and includes a glass plate 2 and a plurality of antennas 20 .

Antenna 20 is, for example, an antenna capable of receiving the DTV band, and is constructed by placing a conductor such as metal on glass plate 2. Antennas 20 are diversity antennas in which multiple antennas are placed on one glass plate 2, but only one antenna may be placed on the glass plate 2.

In this embodiment, two antennas 20, antenna 20-1 and antenna 20-2, are arranged above the glass plate 2, and the two antennas 20 (20-1, 20-2) have symmetrical patterns. Antenna 20-1 and antenna 20-2 shown in Figure 7 are configured, for example, with symmetrical patterns in the left-right (horizontal) direction around the center line CL1 of the glass plate 2. Note that the explanation for "symmetrical" in the first embodiment can be applied.

8 is a diagram showing an example of a pattern of the antenna 20-1 (20) on the vehicle window glass of this embodiment, where FIG. 8 is an enlarged plan view of area AR1 in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 8, the antenna 20-1 (20) includes a core-side feeding portion 21, a core-side element 22, a ground-side feeding portion 23, and a ground-side element 24, which are provided on the glass plate 2.

The core-side element 22 includes a first element 22-1 and a second element 22-2, which are connected to the core-side power supply 21. The first element 22-1 has a fourth horizontal portion 151 that is electrically connected to the core-side power supply 21 and extends horizontally, and a fourth vertical portion 152 that connects the core-side power supply 21 and the fourth horizontal portion 151, and extends toward the metal portion 3 of the vehicle. The second horizontal portion 162 and the fourth horizontal portion 151 are positioned on approximately the same line with a predetermined distance between them. Furthermore, the length L1 of the first element 22-1 should satisfy equation (5a), where λ is the wavelength in air of radio waves in the frequency band received by the antenna 20, and k is the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate 2.

(0.033×λ×k)≦L1≦(0.68×λ×k)...Formula (5a)

That is, when the wavelength in air in the DTV band is λ = 422 mm to 638 mm and k ≈ 0.5 (wavelength shortening rate when the antenna 10 is enclosed inside laminated glass), the length L1 of the first element 22-1 is, for example, 7 mm to 217 mm (7 mm ≦ L1 ≦ 217 mm). Note that if the vehicle window glass 1 is single-pane glass or if the antenna 10 is located on the outermost surface of laminated glass, it is recommended to design it with a wavelength shortening rate k ≈ 0.7. In this case, the length L1 of the first element 22-1 is, for example, 9 mm to 304 mm (9 mm ≦ L1 ≦ 304 mm).

Furthermore, the length L1 of the first element 22-1 preferably satisfies the formula (5b), and more preferably satisfies the formula (5c).
(0.10×λ×k)≦L1≦(0.56×λ×k) ...Formula (5b)
(0.16×λ×k)≦L1≦(0.45×λ×k) ...Formula (5c)

In the core-side element 22, the fourth horizontal portion 151 is capacitively coupled to the metal portion 3. The length L51 of the fourth horizontal portion 151 should satisfy equation (6a), where λ is the wavelength in air of radio waves in the frequency band received by the antenna 20, and k is the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate 2.

(0.067×λ×k)≦L51≦(0.56×λ×k)...Formula (6a)

That is, when the wavelength in air in the DTV band is λ = 422 mm to 638 mm and k ≈ 0.5 (wavelength shortening rate when the antenna 10 is enclosed inside the laminated glass), the length L51 of the fourth horizontal portion 151 is, for example, 14 mm to 179 mm (14 mm ≦ L51 ≦ 179 mm). Note that when the vehicle window glass 1 is a single-pane glass or when the antenna 10 is located on the outermost surface of the laminated glass, it is recommended to design it with a wavelength shortening rate k ≈ 0.7. In this case, the length L51 of the fourth horizontal portion 151 is, for example, 19 mm to 251 mm (19 mm ≦ L51 ≦ 251 mm).

Furthermore, the length L51 of the fourth horizontal portion 151 that is capacitively coupled with the metal portion 3 preferably satisfies formula (6b), and more preferably formula (5c).

(0.16×λ×k)≦L51≦(0.45×λ×k)...Formula (6b)
(0.27×λ×k)≦L51≦(0.34×λ×k)...Formula (6c)

The second element 22-2 is electrically connected to the core-side power supply 21 and extends in the opposite direction to the first element 22-1, approaching the metal part 3 of the vehicle. In other words, in FIG. 8, the first element 22-1 extends clockwise from the core-side power supply 21, while the second element 22-2 extends counterclockwise from the core-side power supply 21. Furthermore, the length L2 of the second element 22-2 should satisfy the above formula (2a), preferably the above formula (2b), and more preferably the above formula (2c).

The second element 22-2 includes a first horizontal portion 161, a second horizontal portion 162, and a first vertical portion 163. The first horizontal portion 161 extends horizontally, located farther from the metal portion 3 and closer to the core-side power supply portion 21. The second horizontal portion 162 extends horizontally, located near the metal portion 3, and is capacitively coupled to the metal portion 3. The second horizontal portion 162 extends from the connection point with the first vertical portion 163 toward the core-side power supply portion 21, forming a half-loop shape for the second element 22-2. The length L22 of the second horizontal portion 162 satisfies the above formula (3a), preferably the above formula (3b), and more preferably the above formula (3c). In addition to the first vertical portion 163, the second element 22-2 may also have the second vertical portion (not shown) of the first embodiment.

The distance D4 between the fourth horizontal portion 151 and the metal portion 3 is 1 mm or more and 40 mm or less. The distance D4 is preferably 30 mm or less, more preferably 20 mm or less, even more preferably 15 mm or less, and particularly preferably 10 mm or less. The distance D4 is, for example, 5 mm. The lower limit of the distance D4 may be 1 mm or more. The distance D1 between the second horizontal portion 162 and the metal portion 3 may satisfy the range described in the first embodiment. The distance D1 may be the same dimension as the distance D4, or may be a different dimension. When the distances D1 and D4 are different, a portion of the second horizontal portion 162 and a portion of the fourth horizontal portion 151 may be arranged such that, when a vertical imaginary line is drawn, the imaginary line intersects with both the second horizontal portion 162 and the fourth horizontal portion 151. In other words, if the distance D1 and the distance D4 are different, a portion of the second horizontal portion 162 and a portion of the fourth horizontal portion 151 may be arranged to overlap in the vertical direction.

Furthermore, in order to increase the reception sensitivity of horizontally polarized waves in a specific frequency band, the antenna 20 may further include one or more horizontal sections (not shown) extending in the horizontal direction in FIG. 8 . The additional horizontal section (not shown) may be, for example, arranged between the first horizontal section 161 and the fourth horizontal section 151, connected to at least one of the core-side power supply section 21 and the fourth vertical section 152, extending horizontally toward the first vertical section 163, and having an open end. The additional horizontal section (not shown) may also be connected to the core-side power supply section 21, arranged on the opposite side of the fourth horizontal section 151 from the first horizontal section 161, extending parallel to the first horizontal section 161, and having an open end.

The ground-side element 24 is an element that connects to the ground-side power supply 23 and has a third horizontal section 171 that extends horizontally. In the antenna 20 of this embodiment, the ground-side element 24 may or may not have a section that is capacitively coupled to the metal section 3, but because the core-side power supply 21 is positioned closer to the metal section 3 in the vertical direction than the ground-side power supply 23, the ground-side element 24 is positioned in a position that does not capacitively couple with the metal section 3.

Sixth Embodiment
Next, a vehicle window glass 1e according to a sixth embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.
In the sixth embodiment, a modified example of the pattern of the antenna 20a provided on the vehicle window glass 1e will be described. As in the fifth embodiment, the vehicle window glass 1e is provided with a plurality of antennas 20a, and the plurality of antennas 20a are diversity antennas having symmetrical patterns. Note that only one antenna 20a may be provided on the glass plate 2 of the vehicle window glass 1e of this embodiment.

Figure 9 is a diagram showing an example pattern of an antenna 20a on a vehicle window glass 1e according to the sixth embodiment. The antenna 20a-1 (20a) shown in Figure 9 includes a core-side power supply 21, a core-side element 22, a ground-side power supply 23, and a ground-side element 24a, all of which are provided on the glass plate 2. Note that in Figure 9, components similar to those in Figure 8 above are given the same reference numerals, and their description will be omitted. In this embodiment, a modified example of the pattern of the ground-side element 24a described above will be described.

In this embodiment, the ground-side element 24a includes a third horizontal portion 171 and a fifth horizontal portion 172 that is substantially parallel to the third horizontal portion 171. In FIG. 9 , the third horizontal portion 171 and the fifth horizontal portion 172 are both directly connected to the ground-side power supply unit 23. However, they may also be connected via an extension element (not shown) that connects to the ground-side power supply unit 23 and extends in any direction. Furthermore, the length L71 of the third horizontal portion 171 and the length L72 of the fifth horizontal portion 172 may be the same or different. Furthermore, the ground-side element 24a is configured to form a half-loop element having a notch on the side opposite the metal portion 3 of the ground-side power supply unit 23. Note that the ground-side element 24a may include one or more half-loop elements and/or closed-loop elements, as in the embodiments described below.

Seventh Embodiment
Next, a vehicle window glass 1f according to a seventh embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.
In the seventh embodiment, a modified example of the pattern of the antenna 20b provided on the vehicle window glass 1f will be described. As in the fifth embodiment, the vehicle window glass 1f includes a plurality of antennas 20b, and the plurality of antennas 20b are diversity antennas having symmetrical patterns. Note that only one antenna 20b may be provided on the glass plate 2 of the vehicle window glass 1f of this embodiment.

Figure 10 is a diagram showing an example pattern of the antenna 20b of the vehicle window glass 1f of the seventh embodiment. The antenna 20b-1 (20b) shown in Figure 10 includes a core-side feeding portion 21, a core-side element 22b, a ground-side feeding portion 23, and a ground-side element 24a, all of which are provided on the glass plate 2. Note that in Figure 10, the same components as those in Figure 9 above are given the same reference numerals, and their description will be omitted. In this embodiment, a modified version of the pattern of the core-side element 22b described above will be described.

In this embodiment, the first element 22-1b is similar to the first element 22-1a in the sixth embodiment, whereas the second element 22-2b includes a first horizontal portion 161, a second horizontal portion 162b, and a first vertical portion 163.
The length L2 of the second element 22-2b is the same as in the sixth embodiment. The length L2 of the second element 22-2b is the sum of the length L61 of the first horizontal portion 161, the length L22 of the second horizontal portion 162b, and the length L63 of the first vertical portion 163 (L2 = L61 + L22 + L63).

In the present embodiment, the second horizontal portion 162b extends in the horizontal direction so as to move away from the core-side feeding portion 21. That is, the second horizontal portion 162b extends in the opposite direction to the second horizontal portion 162 of the sixth embodiment.
The other configurations of this embodiment are the same as those of the sixth embodiment described above, and therefore, description thereof will be omitted here.

Eighth Embodiment
Next, a vehicle window glass 1g according to an eighth embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.
In the eighth embodiment, a modified example of the pattern of the antenna 20c provided on the vehicle window glass 1g will be described. As in the fifth embodiment, the vehicle window glass 1g includes a plurality of antennas 20c, and the plurality of antennas 20c are diversity antennas having symmetrical patterns. Note that only one antenna 20c may be provided on the glass plate 2 of the vehicle window glass 1g of this embodiment.

Figure 11 is a diagram showing an example pattern of an antenna 20c on a vehicle window glass 1g according to the eighth embodiment. The antenna 20c-1 (20c) shown in Figure 11 includes a core-side power supply 21, a core-side element 22c, a ground-side power supply 23, and a ground-side element 24a, all of which are provided on the glass plate 2. Note that in Figure 11, components similar to those in Figure 9 above are given the same reference numerals, and their description will be omitted. In this embodiment, a modified version of the pattern of the core-side element 22c described above will be described.

In this embodiment, the first element 22-1c is similar to the first element 22-1a in the sixth embodiment, whereas the second element 22-2c includes a first horizontal portion 161, a part of a second horizontal portion 162c, and a first vertical portion 163.
The length L2 of the second element 22-2c is the same as in the sixth embodiment. The length L2 of the second element 22-2c is the sum (L2 = L61 + L22 + L63) of the length L61 of the first horizontal portion 161, the length L22 of a portion of the second horizontal portion 162c, and the length L63 of the first vertical portion 163. In other words, in this embodiment, the length L22 corresponds to the length from the connection point between the first vertical portion 163 and the second horizontal portion 162c to one open end of the second horizontal portion 162c.

11 , the length L22 is the length from the connection point between the first vertical portion 163 and the second horizontal portion 162c to the open end of the second horizontal portion 162c that is closer to the core-side feeding portion 21. However, the length L22 is not limited to this, and may be the length from the connection point between the first vertical portion 163 and the second horizontal portion 162c to the open end of the second horizontal portion 162c that is farther from the core-side feeding portion 21.
The other configurations of this embodiment are the same as those of the sixth embodiment described above, and therefore, description thereof will be omitted here.

Ninth Embodiment
Next, a vehicle window glass 1h according to a ninth embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.
In the ninth embodiment, a modified example of the pattern of the antenna 20d provided on the vehicle window glass 1h will be described. As in the fifth embodiment, the vehicle window glass 1h is provided with a plurality of antennas 20d, and the plurality of antennas 20d are diversity antennas having symmetrical patterns. Note that only one antenna 20d may be provided on the glass plate 2 of the vehicle window glass 1h of this embodiment.

Figure 12 is a diagram showing an example pattern of an antenna 20d on a vehicle window glass 1h according to the ninth embodiment. The antenna 20d-1 (20d) shown in Figure 12 includes a core-side power supply 21, a core-side element 22, a ground-side power supply 23, and a ground-side element 24b, all of which are provided on the glass plate 2. Note that in Figure 12, components similar to those in Figures 8 and 9 above are given the same reference numerals, and their description will be omitted. In this embodiment, a modified example of the pattern of the ground-side element 24b described above will be described.

In this embodiment, the ground side element 24b includes a third horizontal portion 171, a fifth horizontal portion 172 that is substantially parallel to the third horizontal portion 171, and a fifth vertical portion 173. The fifth vertical portion 173 of the ground side element 24b connects to the third horizontal portion 171 and the fifth horizontal portion 172 to form a closed loop element. Note that the fifth vertical portion 173 connects to the ends of the third horizontal portion 171 and the fifth horizontal portion 172 (opposite the ground side power supply unit 23), but it may also be connected before these ends, that is, closer to the ground side power supply unit 23 than these ends. Furthermore, the ground side element 24b may form a half-loop element with a notch in one portion. Note that in this embodiment, the term "loop element" includes both the closed loop element and the half-loop element described above.

Tenth Embodiment
Next, a vehicle window glass 1k according to a tenth embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.
In the tenth embodiment, a modified example of the pattern of the antenna 20e provided on the vehicle window glass 1k will be described. As in the fifth embodiment, the vehicle window glass 1k includes multiple antennas 20e, and the multiple antennas 20e are diversity antennas with symmetrical patterns. Note that only one antenna 20e may be provided on the glass plate 2 of the vehicle window glass 1k of this embodiment.

Figure 13 is a diagram showing an example pattern of the antenna 20e of the vehicle window glass 1k of the tenth embodiment. The antenna 20e-1 (20e) shown in Figure 13 includes a core-side power supply portion 21, a core-side element 22, a ground-side power supply portion 23, and a ground-side element 24c, all of which are provided on the glass plate 2. Note that in Figure 13, the same components as those in Figure 12 above are given the same reference numerals, and their description will be omitted. In this embodiment, a modified example of the pattern of the ground-side element 24c described above will be described.

In this embodiment, the ground side element 24c includes a third horizontal portion 171, a fifth horizontal portion 172 and a sixth horizontal portion 174 that are substantially parallel to the third horizontal portion 171, a fifth vertical portion 173, a sixth vertical portion 175, and a seventh vertical portion 176. In the ground side element 24c, the fifth vertical portion 173 connects to the third horizontal portion 171 and the fifth horizontal portion 172, and the sixth vertical portion 175 and the seventh vertical portion 176 connect to the fifth horizontal portion 172 and the sixth horizontal portion 174, forming two closed loop elements. The horizontal and vertical lengths of the two closed loop elements may be the same or different. That is, in FIG. 13, the length L73 of the fifth vertical portion 173 and the length L75 of the sixth vertical portion 175 may be the same or different. Also, in FIG. 13, the length L72 of the fifth horizontal portion 172 and the length L74 of the sixth horizontal portion 174 may be the same or different.

Furthermore, the sixth vertical section 175 connects to the ends of the fifth horizontal section 172 and the sixth horizontal section 174 (opposite the ground-side power supply section 23), but may be connected before these ends, i.e., closer to the ground-side power supply section 23 than these ends. Furthermore, in Figure 13, the ground-side element 24c has two closed-loop elements, but may have a cutout in one part to form one or two half-loop elements.

Next, with reference to FIG. 14, the antenna characteristics of the vehicle window glass 1k of this embodiment will be described.
Fig. 14 is a diagram showing the antenna characteristics of Example 2 of the vehicle window glass 1k of this embodiment. Fig. 14 shows actual measured values of the antenna characteristics in the DTV band using the pattern of the antenna 20-1e. Note that since the antenna 20e was placed on the outermost surface of the laminated glass, the wavelength shortening rate k was set to be approximately 0.7.

Here, the dimensions of the antenna 20e-1 shown in FIG. 13 for obtaining Example 2 are as follows:
Length L61 of the first horizontal portion 161: 130 mm
Length L22 of second horizontal portion 162: 30 mm
Length L63 of the first vertical portion 163: 80 mm
Length L2 of second element 22-2: 240 mm
Length L51 of the fourth horizontal portion 151: 95 mm
Length L52 of the fourth vertical portion 152: 65 mm
Length L1 of the first element 22-1: 160 mm
Length L71 of the third horizontal portion 171: 50 mm
Length L72 of fifth horizontal portion 172: 50 [mm]
Length L73 of fifth vertical portion 173: 13 [mm]
Length L74 of the sixth horizontal portion 174: 50 mm
Length L75 of the sixth vertical portion 175: 15 mm
Length L76 of the seventh vertical portion 176: 15 mm
Distance D4: 5 mm
Distance D1: 5 mm

14, the vertical axis represents antenna gain [dBd] and the horizontal axis represents DTV band frequency, and waveform W2 represents the measured values of antenna characteristics.
As shown by the waveform W2, the vehicle window glass 1k of this embodiment provides sufficient and stable antenna reception sensitivity in the DTV band frequencies (470 mHz to 710 MHz). That is, the vehicle window glass 1k of this embodiment provides good antenna characteristics over a wide frequency band such as the DTV band.

Next, with reference to Figure 15, we will explain a vehicle window glass 1s that is a modified example of the tenth embodiment.

Figure 15 shows an example pattern of an antenna 20f on a vehicle window glass 1s according to a modified example of the tenth embodiment. The antenna 20f provided on the vehicle window glass 1s has a core-side element 22d that has multiple horizontal auxiliary elements 153a-153e between the first horizontal portion 161 and the fourth horizontal portion 151. The core-side element 22d is connected to the core-side power supply portion 21 and the fourth vertical portion 152, extending horizontally and forming open ends. Furthermore, the distance D1 between the second horizontal portion 162 and the metal portion 3 differs from the distance D4 between the fourth horizontal portion 151 and the metal portion 3, resulting in an arrangement in which a portion of the second horizontal portion 162 and a portion of the fourth horizontal portion 151 overlap vertically.

The ground side element 24d in this modified example has a seventh horizontal section 177 between the fifth horizontal section 172 and the sixth horizontal section 174, which is connected to the ground side power supply section 23 and extends horizontally. The ground side element 24d in this modified example has three half-loop elements with cutouts.

Next, with reference to FIG. 16, the antenna characteristics of a vehicle window glass 1s according to a modification of the tenth embodiment will be described.
Fig. 16 is a diagram showing antenna characteristics of Example 3 of a vehicle window glass 1s according to a modification of the tenth embodiment. Fig. 16 shows actual measured values of antenna characteristics in the DTV band using the pattern of antenna 20f. Note that, since antenna 20f was disposed on the outermost surface of the laminated glass, the wavelength shortening rate k was set to be approximately 0.7.

Here, the dimensions of the antenna 20f-1 shown in FIG. 15 to obtain Example 3 are as follows:
Length L61 of the first horizontal portion 161: 130 mm
Length L22 of second horizontal portion 162: 30 mm
Length L63 of the first vertical portion 163: 80 mm
Length of second element L2: 240 mm
Length L51 of the fourth horizontal portion 151: 110 mm
Length L52 of the fourth vertical portion 152: 65 mm
Length of first element L1: 175 mm
Length L53 of horizontal auxiliary elements 153a to 153e: 110 mm
Length L71 of the third horizontal portion 171: 50 mm
Length L72 of fifth horizontal portion 172: 50 [mm]
Length L74 of the sixth horizontal portion 174: 45 mm
Length L76 of the seventh vertical portion 176: 15 mm
Length L75 of the seventh horizontal portion 177: 45 mm
Distance D4: 11 mm
Distance D1: 5 mm
Distance D5a: 10 [mm]
Distance D5b: 12.5 mm
Distance D5c: 12.5 [mm]
Distance D5d: 11.5 mm
Distance D5e: 13 [mm]
Distance D5f: 10.5 mm
Distance D6: 5.5 mm
Distance D7: 6 [mm]

16, the vertical axis represents antenna gain [dBd] and the horizontal axis represents DTV band frequency, and waveform W3 represents the measured values of antenna characteristics.
As shown by the waveform W3, the vehicle window glass 1s of this embodiment provides sufficient and stable antenna reception sensitivity in the DTV band frequency range (470 mHz to 710 MHz). That is, the vehicle window glass 1s of this embodiment provides good antenna characteristics over a wide frequency range such as the DTV band.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be modified within the scope of the present invention.
For example, in each of the above embodiments, the receivable frequency band of the antennas 10 (10a to 10c) and 20 (20a to 20f) is the DTV band, but this is not limiting. The receivable frequency band of the antennas 10 (10a to 10c) and 20 (20a to 20f) may be, for example, the frequency band of FM broadcast waves, the frequency band of DAB (Digital Audio Broadcast) broadcast waves, etc.

In addition, in each of the above embodiments, the shapes of the core-side power supply units 11, 21 and the ground-side power supply units 13, 23 may be square, rectangular, or the like. Furthermore, the core-side power supply units 11, 21 and the ground-side power supply units 13, 23 are not limited to the arrangement shown in FIG. 2, for example, and other arrangements may be used. For example, the core-side power supply units 11, 21 and the ground-side power supply units 13, 23 may be square electrodes with two opposing sides rotated approximately 45 degrees relative to the horizontal and vertical directions.

Furthermore, in each of the above embodiments, an example was described in which the second element 12-2 (12-2a, 12-2b) includes the second vertical portion 124. However, as described above, the core-side feeding unit 11 and the first horizontal portion 121 (121a) may be directly connected without including the second vertical portion 124.

In addition, in each of the above embodiments, the vehicle window glass 1 (1a-1c, 1d-1h, 1k, 1s) is an example of a diversity antenna equipped with two antennas 10 (10a-10c), 20 (20a-20f), but it may also be equipped with three or more antennas 10 (10a-10c), 20 (20a-20e). Furthermore, the vehicle window glass 1 (1a-1c, 1d-1h, 1k, 1s) may also be equipped with a single antenna 10 (10a-10c), 20 (20a-20f).

In addition, in the above first to third embodiments, the third horizontal portion 142 has been described as having one open end, but it may have two open ends. The third horizontal portion 142 may also extend in a direction away from the second horizontal portion 122 (122a, 122b). Furthermore, in the above fifth to tenth embodiments, the fourth horizontal portion 151 has been described as having one open end, but it may have two open ends.

Furthermore, in the above first to fourth embodiments, an example was described in which the distance D1 between the second horizontal portion 122 (122a, 122b) and the metal portion 3 and the distance D2 between the third horizontal portion 142 and the metal portion 3 were equal, but the distance D1 and the distance D2 may be different. Similarly, in the above fifth to tenth embodiments, an example was described in which the distance D1 between the second horizontal portion 162 (162b, 162c) and the metal portion 3 and the distance D4 between the fourth horizontal portion 151 and the metal portion 3 were equal, but the distance D1 and the distance D4 may be different.

1, 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f, 1g, 1h, 1k Vehicle window glass 2 Glass plate 3 Metal part 10, 10-1, 10-2, 10a, 10a-1, 10b, 10b-1, 10c, 10b-1, 20, 20-1, 20a, 20a-1, 20b, 20b-1, 20c, 20c-1, 20d, 20d-1, 20e, 20e-1, 20-2 Antenna 11, 21 Core wire side feeding part 12, 12a, 12b, 22, 22b, 22c Core wire side element 12-1, 22-1, 22-1b, 22-1c First element 12-2, 12-2a, 12-2b, 22-2, 22-2b, 22-2c Second element 13, 23 Ground side power feeding section 14, 14a, 24 Ground side element 121, 121a, 161 First horizontal section 122, 122a, 122b, 162, 162b, 162c Second horizontal section 123, 163 First vertical part 124 Second vertical part 141 Third vertical part 142, 171 Third horizontal part 151 Fourth horizontal part 152 Fourth vertical part 172 Fifth horizontal part 173 Fifth vertical part 174 Sixth horizontal part 175 Sixth vertical part 176 Seventh vertical part 177 Seventh horizontal part

Claims (26)

A vehicle window glass to be attached to a vehicle,
A glass plate and
an antenna provided on the glass plate, the antenna having a core-side power supply portion and a core-side element connected to the core-side power supply portion, and a ground-side power supply portion and a ground-side element connected to the ground-side power supply portion;
the core-side element includes a first element electrically connected to the core-side power supply portion and extending in a horizontal direction, and a second element electrically connected to the core-side power supply portion and extending to approach a metal part of the vehicle,
the second element includes a first horizontal portion that is located closer to the core-side feeding portion than the metal portion and extends horizontally, and a second horizontal portion that is located closer to the metal portion and extends horizontally and is capacitively coupled to the metal portion ,
the ground-side element has a third horizontal portion extending in a horizontal direction and capacitively coupled to the metal portion;
Vehicle window glass. The second horizontal portion and the third horizontal portion are positioned on substantially the same straight line with a predetermined interval therebetween.
The vehicle window glass according to claim 1. The second element surrounds the first element and extends close to the metal portion.
The vehicle window glass according to claim 1 or 2 . The length L1 of the first element is, when the wavelength in air of the radio wave in the frequency band received by the antenna is λ and the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate is k,
(0.033 × λ × k) ≦ L1 ≦ (0.36 × λ × k),
Satisfy the
The vehicle window glass according to claim 3 . the first element includes a fourth horizontal portion extending in a horizontal direction and capacitively coupled to the metal portion;
The vehicle window glass according to claim 1 or 2 . The length L1 of the first element is, when the wavelength in air of the radio wave in the frequency band received by the antenna is λ and the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate is k,
(0.033 × λ × k) ≦ L1 ≦ (0.68 × λ × k),
Satisfy the
The vehicle window glass according to claim 5 . The vehicle window glass according to claim 5 , wherein the second horizontal portion and the fourth horizontal portion are positioned on substantially the same straight line with a predetermined gap therebetween. A vehicle window glass to be attached to a vehicle,
A glass plate and
an antenna provided on the glass plate, the antenna having a core-side power supply portion and a core-side element connected to the core-side power supply portion, and a ground-side power supply portion and a ground-side element connected to the ground-side power supply portion;
Equipped with
the core-side element includes a first element electrically connected to the core-side power supply portion and extending in a horizontal direction, and a second element electrically connected to the core-side power supply portion and extending to approach a metal part of the vehicle,
the second element includes a first horizontal portion that is located closer to the core-side feeding portion than the metal portion and extends horizontally, and a second horizontal portion that is located closer to the metal portion and extends horizontally and is capacitively coupled to the metal portion,
the first element includes a fourth horizontal portion extending in a horizontal direction and capacitively coupled to the metal portion;
The second horizontal portion and the fourth horizontal portion are positioned on substantially the same straight line with a predetermined interval therebetween.
Vehicle window glass. The length L2 of the second element is, when the wavelength in air of the radio wave in the frequency band received by the antenna is λ and the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate is k,
(0.50 × λ × k) ≦ L2 ≦ (0.90 × λ × k),
Satisfy the
The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1, 2 and 8 . The distance between the second horizontal portion and the metal portion is 1 mm or more and 40 mm or less.
The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1, 2 and 8 . The length L22 of the second horizontal portion is, when the wavelength in the air of the radio wave of the frequency band received by the antenna is λ and the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate is k,
(0.016 × λ × k) ≦ L22 ≦ (0.25 × λ × k),
Satisfy the
The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1, 2 and 8 . the second element has a first vertical portion that connects the first horizontal portion and the second horizontal portion and extends in a vertical direction;
The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1, 2 and 8 . the second horizontal portion extends toward the core-side feeding portion, and the second element forms a half-loop shape;
The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1, 2 and 8 . the second horizontal portion extends away from the core-side feeding portion;
The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1, 2 and 8 . the second horizontal portion has two open ends;
The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1, 2 and 8 . the second element has a second vertical portion that connects the core-side feeding portion and the first horizontal portion and extends in a vertical direction;
The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1, 2 and 8 . the ground side element has a third horizontal portion extending in a horizontal direction,
The vehicle window glass according to claim 8 , wherein the third horizontal portion is disposed farther from the metal portion in the vertical direction than the first horizontal portion. The ground side element includes a fifth horizontal portion extending parallel to the third horizontal portion.
18. A vehicle glazing according to claim 17 . The ground element has at least one loop element.
19. A vehicle glazing according to claim 18 . The length L3 of the ground side element is, when the wavelength in the air of the radio wave in the frequency band received by the antenna is λ and the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate is k,
(0.033 × λ × k) ≦ L3 ≦ (0.25 × λ × k),
Satisfy the
The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1, 2 and 8 . the ground-side power supply portion is disposed closer to the metal portion in the vertical direction than the core-side power supply portion;
The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1, 2 and 8 . the core-side power supply portion is disposed closer to the metal portion in the vertical direction than the ground-side power supply portion;
The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1, 2 and 8 . The antenna is capable of receiving radio waves in the frequency band of terrestrial digital television broadcast waves.
The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1, 2 and 8 . The antenna is a diversity antenna arranged in plurality on one of the glass plates, and the plurality of antennas have symmetrical patterns.
The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1, 2 and 8 . The antenna is a diversity antenna arranged in plurality on one of the glass plates, and the plurality of antennas have asymmetric patterns.
The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1, 2 and 8 . The glass plate includes at least one of a windshield, a side glass, and a rear glass.
The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1, 2 and 8 .