JP7805902B2 - Method for mounting a wind turbine on a floating body and system for mounting a wind turbine on a floating body - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for mounting a wind turbine on a floating body and a system for mounting a wind turbine on a floating body.

Offshore wind power generation facilities come in two types: bottom-fixed, which is suitable for waters up to about 50m deep, and floating, which is suitable for waters deeper than that. Of the various floats used in floating systems, the spar type is said to be cost-effective due to its simple, slender, single-circle shape. However, due to its vertically long structure, the spar type is only suitable for deep waters of about 100m or deeper.

Typically, when using a spar-type float, the float is floated sideways from a shallow quay and transported to the work area, then the float is placed in an upright position and the tower, nacelle, and blades are attached to the float using a crane (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).

Patent No. 6270527 Patent No. 5738644

However, using a crane to install the tower, nacelle, and blades onto the floating structure on rough ocean waters was a difficult and dangerous task.

The present invention was made in consideration of the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to provide a method and system for mounting a wind turbine on a floating body that can be carried out in deep waters using simple ship rigging without using a crane ship or large crane ship.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a first invention is a method for mounting a wind turbine on a floating body on the sea, comprising: step a) towing a cylindrical floating body in a lying position and introducing seawater ballast into the floating body to raise it up; step b) sinking the floating body to a predetermined depth so that only the vicinity of the upper end of the floating body is exposed above the sea, and fixing the vicinity of the upper end of the floating body to a fixing mechanism on the hull; step c) attaching the nacelle and a hub to the upper part of the floating body on the hull using horizontal positioning means and vertical positioning means for adjusting the positions of the nacelle and the upper part of the floating body; step d) fixing the plurality of blades to the hub on the hull using horizontal positioning means and vertical positioning means for adjusting the positions of the blades with respect to the hub, where a plurality of blades are arranged side by side on the hull; and step e) releasing the fixing by the fixing mechanism and floating the floating body.

In the first invention, the floater is fixed near its upper end to the hull, and the nacelle, hub, and blades are fixed from the hull to the top of the floater, after which the floater is raised. This makes it possible to mount a wind turbine on a floater in deep waters using simple ship rigging, without using a crane ship or large crane ship.

Furthermore, by using horizontal positioning means and vertical positioning means for adjusting the position of the nacelle and the upper part of the floating body, the horizontal and vertical positions of the nacelle can be adjusted and the nacelle can be attached to the floating body, including the adjustment of the inclination.

Furthermore, a plurality of the blades are arranged side by side on the hull, and in step d, by using a horizontal positioning means and a vertical positioning means for adjusting the position relative to the hub, the horizontal and vertical positions of the blades can be adjusted and the blades can be fixed to the hub.

In the first invention, for example, in step d, the blades mounted on the hull are moved toward the hub and fixed to the hub, and then the hub is rotated a predetermined angle on a rotation axis that is approximately horizontal, and the blades are sequentially fixed to the hub.
This allows the blade to be fixed to the hub while the vicinity of the upper end of the floating body is fixed to the hull.

It is desirable that the method include a step f of fixing all but the last blade to the hub, and then connecting the fixing portion of the last blade to the vicinity of the hub with a wire, and a step g of raising the float to a height equal to or greater than the length of the blade while the last blade is suspended by the wire in the step e, and then lifting the blade and fixing it to the hub.
This allows all blades to be fixed to the hub above the water surface, preventing the blades from landing on the water and causing excessive stress to the blades and hub.

In a first invention, in step c, the nacelle and the hub are attached to the upper part of the floating body via hinges, and the rotation axis of the hub is positioned facing upward; in step d, the blades mounted on the hull are moved toward the hub and fixed to the hub, and then the hub is rotated by a predetermined angle around a rotation axis in a substantially vertical direction, thereby sequentially fixing all of the blades to the hub; and after step e, step h may be included in which the nacelle and the hub are rotated on the floating body using the hinges, and the rotation axis of the hub is fixed facing a substantially horizontal direction.
This allows all blades to be fixed to the hub above the water surface, preventing the blades from landing on the water and causing excessive stress to the blades and hub.

In step h, the nacelle and the hub may be rotated by a jack. Alternatively, in step h, the nacelle and the hub may be rotated by a wire using a compact shock absorbing damper such as a jack type damper instead of a jack.
The nacelle and hub can be rotated safely using a jack or a damper and wire.

The second invention is a wind turbine mounting system for a floating body at sea, comprising: a fixing mechanism attached to a hull and gripping the floating body; horizontal positioning means and vertical positioning means for adjusting the position of the nacelle with respect to the top of the floating body when attaching a nacelle and a hub to the top of the floating body on the hull; and horizontal positioning means and vertical positioning means for adjusting the position of the blades with respect to the hub when fixing the blades to the hub on the hull, wherein the fixing mechanism is switchable between a state in which the floating body is fixed at a predetermined height and a state in which the floating body is gripped while allowing vertical movement.

According to the second invention, the horizontal and vertical positions of the nacelle and blades can be adjusted on the hull. Furthermore, a fixing mechanism can be used to fix the floating body or hold it while allowing it to move up and down. Therefore, in deep waters, a wind turbine can be mounted on the floating body with simple vessel rigging, without using a crane ship or large crane ship.

It is desirable that the floating structure further comprises a ballast filling and draining device for filling and draining ballast into the floating structure, and a control unit for the ballast filling and draining device, and that the control unit controls the amount of ballast to adjust the attitude of the floating structure and its exposed height above sea level.
This allows the float to be erected and to sink and rise to the appropriate depth.

The present invention provides a method and system for mounting a wind turbine on a floating body that can be carried out in deep waters using simple ship rigging without using a crane ship or large crane ship.

FIG. 1A is a diagram showing a state in which the floating body 1 is being towed, and FIG. 1B is a diagram showing a state in which the floating body 1 is being erected. 1A is a view of the hull 2 as seen from the rear, FIG. 1B is a view showing a cross section of the hull 2 taken along line A-A, and FIG. 1C is a view of the hull 2 as seen from above. 10A and 10B are diagrams showing a state in which the blade 5-1 is fixed to the hub 4. FIG. 1A is a diagram showing a state in which the blade 5-2 is fixed to the hub 4, and FIG. 1B is a diagram showing a state in which the blade 5-3 is fixed to the hub 4. FIG. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the state in which the floating body 1 has completed floating. 1A is a diagram showing a state in which a wire 52 is attached to the blade 5-3, and FIG. 1B is a diagram showing a state in which the blade 5-3 is being lifted up. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the state in which the floating body 1 has completed floating. 6A is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the hub 4 in FIG. 6A, and FIG. 6B is a view showing an elevational view of the vicinity of the fixing portion 54 of the blade 5-3 and a cross section of the socket 41. FIG. 1A is a diagram showing a state in which the hinge plate 7 is fixed to the tower 13, and FIG. 1B is a diagram showing a state in which the nacelle 3 and the hub 4 are attached to the hinge plate 7. FIG. 4A and 4B are diagrams showing a state in which the blade 5 is fixed to the hub 4. FIG. 1A is a diagram showing a state in which the floating body 1 has completed floating, and FIG. 1B is a diagram showing a state in which the nacelle 3 and the hub 4 have been rotated. 1A is a diagram showing a state in which the blades 5 are fixed to the hub 4, and FIG. 1B is a diagram showing a state in which the floating body 1 has completed floating. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a state in which the nacelle 3 and the hub 4 are rotated.

The following describes in detail an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings.

[First embodiment]
Fig. 1 is a diagram showing the control of the attitude of the floating body 1, Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the wind turbine mounting system 20 with the tower 13 fixed to the hull 2, Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the state in which the blade 5-1 is fixed to the hub 4, Fig. 4 is a diagram showing the state in which the blades 5-2 and 5-3 are fixed to the hub 4, and Fig. 5 is a diagram showing the state in which the floating body 1 has completed floating.

The float 1 is a cylindrical structure that integrates a tower 13 and a spar-type float 14. The tower 13 and the spar-type float 14 are approximately the same length, and the height of the spar-type float 14 is at least five times its outer diameter. The space between the tower 13 and the spar-type float 14 is watertight to prevent water from entering the tower 13.

In the first embodiment, a wind turbine is mounted on the tower 13 of the floating body 1 using a wind turbine mounting system 20 consisting of a tower fixing mechanism 11, a nacelle position adjustment device 31, a blade position adjustment device 51, an inlet/outlet water supply system 15, a control unit 16, etc., as shown in Figures 1 and 2.

As shown in FIG. 1, the filling and drainage equipment 15 and control unit 16 are installed on the ship 10. The filling and drainage equipment 15 fills and drains seawater ballast 12 into and from the spar-type float 14. The control unit 16 controls the filling and drainage of ballast 12 into and from the spar-type float 14 by the filling and drainage equipment 15, thereby adjusting the attitude of the float 1 and its exposed height above sea level. Note that the control unit 16 only needs to be able to control the filling and drainage equipment 15, and its installation location is not limited to the ship 10.

As shown in Figure 2, the tower fixing mechanism 11 is provided on the side of the hull 2. The tower fixing mechanism 11 is switchable between a state in which the float 1 is fixed at a predetermined height and a state in which the float 1 is held while allowing vertical movement (a state in which vertical movement is allowed but horizontal movement is restricted). The nacelle position adjustment device 31 and the blade position adjustment device 51 are installed on the hull 2. The nacelle position adjustment device 31 is a horizontal positioning means for adjusting the position of the nacelle 3, and is also a means for positioning in the height direction and adjusting the inclination. The blade position adjustment device 51 is a horizontal positioning means for adjusting the position of the blade 5, and is also a means for positioning in the height direction and adjusting the inclination. The nacelle position adjustment device 31 and the blade position adjustment device 51 serve as horizontal positioning means, and are capable of adjusting the position in two axes, the vertical direction and the left-right direction, as shown in Figure 2(c). Additionally, as a height positioning means, it is possible to adjust the position in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the paper in Figure 2(c) and in the up, down, left, and right tilt directions.

To mount a wind turbine on the tower 13 of the float 1, first, as shown in Figure 1(a), the float 1 is towed to the work area by a towing vessel 9 or the like in a horizontal position. Then, as shown in Figure 1(b), ballast 12 is introduced into the spar-type float 14 using the water filling and draining equipment 15, and the float is raised with the tower 13 on top. The float 1 is raised almost vertically by adjusting the amount of ballast 12 using the control unit 16, and is submerged until only the upper end and vicinity of the tower 13 are exposed above sea level. If the float 1 cannot be lowered by simply injecting ballast 12 into the spar-type float 14, an auxiliary weight (not shown) with its own large weight and a water filling and draining tank may be used.

Once the float 1 is submerged until only the upper end and vicinity of the tower 13 are exposed above sea level, the upper end and vicinity of the tower 13 of the float 1 are fixed to the tower fixing mechanism 11 of the hull 2, as shown in Figure 2(a). On the hull 2, the nacelle 3 and hub 4, which have been connected in advance, are placed on the nacelle position adjustment device 31. In addition, the three blades 5 are placed on the blade position adjustment device 51.

After the tower 13 is fixed to the tower fixing mechanism 11, the nacelle 3 with the hub 4 connected is attached to the top of the tower 13, as shown in Figure 3. At this time, the nacelle position adjustment device 31 is used to adjust the horizontal and vertical positions of the nacelle 3 relative to the top of the tower 13, and the nacelle 3 is moved toward the tower 13 and fixed. Next, the first blade 5-1 is fixed to the hub 4. At this time, the blade position adjustment device 51 is used to adjust the horizontal and vertical positions of the blade 5-1 relative to the hub 4, and the inclination of the blade 5-1 relative to the hub 4 is adjusted, and the blade 5-1 is moved toward the hub 4.

After blade 5-1 is fixed to the hub 4, as shown in Figure 4(a), the hub 4 is rotated 120 degrees in the direction of arrow B1 around a substantially horizontal rotation axis, and blade 5-2 is fixed to the hub 4. Next, as shown in Figure 4(b), the hub 4 is rotated 120 degrees in the direction of arrow B2, and blade 5-3 is fixed to the hub 4. When fixing blades 5-2 and 5-3 to the hub 4, the blade position adjustment device 51 is also used to adjust the horizontal and vertical positions of blade 5 relative to the hub 4, and the inclination of blade 5 relative to the hub 4 is adjusted, and blade 5 is moved toward the hub 4.

When blade 5-1 hits the water in the state shown in Figure 4(b), buoyancy and wave forces may cause excessive stress to be generated at the joint between blade 5-1 and hub 4 and on the blade 5-1 itself. Therefore, if necessary, it is desirable to minimize the impact on blade 5-1 and hub 4 by reinforcing the joint by attaching a removable cover (not shown) to hub 4 or by injecting water into the interior of blade 5-1 to prevent the generation of buoyancy.

Once the three blades 5 are fixed to the hub 4, the tower 13 is released from its fixation by the tower fixing mechanism 11, and the float 1 is raised as shown in Figure 5. As described above, the tower fixing mechanism 11 can be switched between a state in which it fixes the tower 13 and a state in which it holds the tower 13 while allowing it to rise. In the process shown in Figure 5, with the tower fixing mechanism 11 holding the tower 13 while allowing it to move up and down, the control unit 16 controls the water filling and draining equipment 15 to drain water from the spar-type float 14, thereby raising the float 1 to a predetermined height, for example, such that the vicinity of the upper end of the spar-type float 14 is exposed above water.

As described above, in the first embodiment, the wind turbine mounting system 20 is used to secure the upper end of the floater 1 to the hull 2. The nacelle 3, hub 4, and blades 5 are then secured to the upper portion of the floater 1 from the hull 2, and the floater 1 is then raised. In the wind turbine mounting system 20, the nacelle position adjustment device 31 and blade position adjustment device 51 on the hull 2 can be used to adjust the horizontal and vertical positions of the nacelle 3 and blades 5. The tower fixing mechanism 11 can also be used to fix the floater 1 or hold it while allowing vertical movement. Furthermore, the control unit 16 controls the ballast 12 injection/discharge equipment 15 for the floater 1, enabling the floater 1 to be raised upright and to sink and rise to an appropriate depth. Therefore, a wind turbine can be mounted on the floater 1 in deep waters with simple vessel rigging, without the need for a crane ship or large crane ship. While this mechanism has been described for a type with three blades 5, it can also be applied to a type with two blades.

Other examples of the present invention will be described below as the second to fourth embodiments. Each embodiment will be described by focusing on differences from the previously described embodiments, and similar configurations will be denoted by the same reference numerals in the drawings and will not be described again. Furthermore, the configurations described in each embodiment, including the first embodiment, can be combined as needed.

Second Embodiment
6 and 7 are diagrams showing the process of fixing the blade 5-3, and FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the details of the joint between the hub 4 and the blade 5-3.
The second embodiment differs from the first embodiment mainly in the method of fixing the last blade 5-3 of the three blades 5-1, 5-2, and 5-3 to the hub 4.

In the second embodiment, after all blades except the last blade 5-3 are fixed to the hub 4 as shown in Figure 4(a), the hub 4 is rotated to a position where the blade 5-3 joint on the hub 4 faces vertically downward, preferably to the extent that blades 5-1 and 5-2 do not land on the water, as shown in Figure 6(a). Then, the blade 5-3 is moved toward the hub 4 using the blade position adjustment device 51, and two or more wires 52 are used to connect the fixed part 54 of the blade 5-3 to the vicinity of the hub 4. A beheading rope 57 is also attached near the end of the blade 5-3 opposite the fixed part 54.

As shown in Figure 8(a), the hub 4 is provided with a socket 41 for securing the blade 5. A wire 52 is passed through the socket 41 and the inside of the hub 4, with one end connected to a wire winder 53 installed on the nacelle 3 and the other end connected to the securing portion 54 of the blade 5-3.

Once the wire 52 is installed, the tower 13 is released from its anchoring mechanism 11 as shown in Figure 6(b), and the tower 13 is grasped while allowing it to float. The float 1 is then raised with the socket 41 facing vertically downward. As the float 1 is raised, the blade 5-3 gradually rises from the fixed part 54 side suspended by the wire 52. The length of the escalator rope 57 is adjusted appropriately to match the attitude of the blade 5-3, preventing it from swinging due to its raised position or wind and coming into contact with other structures. The float 1 is raised until the hub 4 reaches a height above the water surface that is equal to or greater than the length of the blade 5-3, and the blade 5-3 hangs approximately vertically below the hub 4, as shown in Figure 7. Once the float 1 has risen, the tower 13 is secured by the tower anchoring mechanism 11, and the wire 52 is wound up by the wire winder 53 to pull up the blade 5-3, and the blade 5-3 is secured to the hub 4, if necessary.

As shown in Figure 8 (b), the inner surface of the socket 41 has a tapered portion 42 that widens from the center of the hub 4 outward. Recesses 43 are formed at two opposing locations in the circumferential direction of the tapered portion 42. Furthermore, the outer surface of the fixed portion 54 of the blade 5-3 has a tapered portion 55 that narrows toward the end. Two protrusions 56 are formed on the tapered portion 55 that correspond to the recesses 43 of the tapered portion 42. The cross section of the recesses 43 is constant, while the cross section of the protrusions 56 becomes smaller toward the tip of the fixed portion 54.

When fixing the blade 5-3 to the hub 4, the fixing portion 54 is inserted into the socket 41. At this time, the tapered portion 42 and tapered portion 55 function as guides, allowing the central axis of the fixing portion 54 to be aligned with the central axis 44 of the socket 41. Furthermore, by using at least two wires 52 to rotate the blade 5-3 around the central axis 44 and fitting the convex portion 56 into the concave portion 43, the circumferential positions of the socket 41 and the blade 5-3 can be aligned. To ensure smooth rotational alignment of this joint, it is desirable to have a combination of concave and convex portions in two places around the circumference, rather than just one.

In this way, in the second embodiment, as in the first embodiment, by using the wind turbine mounting system 20, a wind turbine can be mounted on the floating body 1 in deep waters with simple vessel rigging, without the need for a crane ship or large crane ship. In the second embodiment, after the floating body 1 is raised with the blade 5-3 suspended by the wire 52, the blade 5-3 is fixed to the hub 4, so the blades 5-1 and 5-2, which were fixed to the hub 4 first, do not land on the water. This prevents excessive stress from being generated in the blade 5 and hub 4 due to buoyancy.

In the second embodiment, tapered portions 42, 55 are formed on the inner surface of the socket 41 and the outer surface of the fixed portion 54, but the tapered portions are not limited to the combination described above. The central axes of the socket 41 and the blade 5-3 may be aligned by forming a tapered portion on the outer surface of the socket 41 that narrows from the center of the hub 4 toward the outside, and a tapered portion on the inner surface of the fixed portion 54 that widens toward the end. Furthermore, the circumferential positions of the socket 41 and the blade 5-3 may be aligned by forming the inner surface of the socket 41 and the outer surface of the fixed portion 54 into an elliptical shape without providing the recessed portion 43 and protruding portion 56.

In the second embodiment, the wire 52 is wound up by the wire winder 53 to secure the blade 5-3 to the hub 4, but the wire winder 53 is not required. For example, approximately two rows of rails with racks can be fixed vertically to the outer periphery of the tower 13. After the float 1 is raised as shown in Figure 7, the assist device can be raised along the rails using a rack-and-pinion mechanism, and the blade 5-3 suspended by the wire 52 can be grasped and lifted by the assist device, adjusted in position, and secured to the hub 4. The wire 52 can also be a synthetic fiber rope, etc.

[Third embodiment]
Figure 9 is a diagram showing the process of fixing the nacelle 3 and the hub 4, Figure 10 is a diagram showing the process of fixing the blades 5, and Figure 11 is a diagram showing the process of floating the floating body 1 and rotating the nacelle 3 and the hub 4.
The third embodiment differs from the first embodiment mainly in the method of fixing the three blades 5 to the hub 4 .

In the third embodiment, after the float 1 is erected and secured near the top of the tower 13 with the tower securing mechanism 11, a hydraulic jack 6 and hinge plate 7 are attached to the top of the tower 13 as shown in Figure 9(a). If the mechanism is designed to work without any problems when towing the cylindrical float in a horizontal position, it can be attached on land before towing. The hinge plate 7 is made up of perforated plates 71 and 72 connected by a rotating part 73, allowing people to move between the two towers and the nacelle and allowing wiring and other components to be placed therein. Plate 71 is secured to the top of the tower 13. One end of the hydraulic jack 6 is connected near the top of the tower 13, and the other end is connected to plate 72. Plate 72 of the hinge plate 7 rotates around rotating part 73 as the hydraulic jack 6 extends and retracts.

In the third embodiment, a nacelle position adjustment device 31a and a blade position adjustment device 51a are installed on the hull 2. The nacelle position adjustment device 31a and the blade position adjustment device 51a have different shapes from the nacelle position adjustment device 31 and the blade position adjustment device 51 shown in Figure 2 etc., but have similar functions.

After the hydraulic jack 6 and hinge plate 7 are attached, the nacelle 3, to which the hub 4 has already been connected, is attached to the approximately vertically positioned plate portion 72 as shown in Figure 9(b), thereby attaching the nacelle 3 and hub 4 to the top of the tower 13 via the hinge, with the rotation axis of the hub 4 facing upward. At this time, the nacelle position adjustment device 31a is used to adjust the horizontal and vertical positions of the nacelle 3 relative to the top of the tower 13, and the nacelle 3 is moved toward the tower 13 and fixed in place. It is also possible to attach the hydraulic jack 6 and hinge plate 7 to the nacelle 3 in advance, and then attach it to the tower 13 by opening the hinge plate.

Once the nacelle 3 and hub 4 are attached, the three blades 5 are fixed to the hub 4, as shown in Figure 10. The three blades 5 are mounted on a blade position adjustment device 51a installed on the hull 2. After fixing blade 5-1 to the hub 4, the hub 4 is rotated 120 degrees counterclockwise in Figure 10(b) around a rotation axis in the approximately vertical direction, and blade 5-2 is fixed to the hub 4. Blade 5-3 is then fixed to the hub 4 in the same manner. At this time, the blade position adjustment device 51a is used to adjust the horizontal and vertical positions of the blades 5 relative to the hub 4, and the blades 5 are moved toward the hub 4.

Once all blades 5 have been secured, the tower 13 is released from its anchoring mechanism 11 as shown in Figure 11(a), and the float 1 is raised. Once the float 1 has been raised, the hydraulic jack 6 is retracted and the hinge plate 7 is closed, as shown in Figure 11(b), to rotate the nacelle 3 and hub 4 on the tower 13 and secure the hub 4 with its rotation axis facing approximately horizontally. The hydraulic jack 6 and hydraulic hoses are then removed using a hoist crane (not shown) above the nacelle 3.

[Fourth embodiment]
12 is a diagram showing the process of fixing the blades 5, and FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the process of rotating the nacelle 3 and the hub 4. As shown in FIG.
The fourth embodiment differs from the third embodiment mainly in the method of rotating the nacelle 3 and the hub 4 .

In the fourth embodiment, after the floating body 1 is erected and the vicinity of the upper end of the tower 13 is fixed with the tower fixing mechanism 11, a jack-type damper 6a and hinge plate 7 are attached to the upper end of the tower 13 as shown in Figure 12(a). The damper 6a is an air damper or the like for shock absorption, and one end is connected to the upper end of the tower 13 and the other end is connected to a plate portion 72. In addition, one end of a wire 8 is connected to a wire winding machine 81 installed on the hull 2, and the other end is connected to the plate portion 72 via the plate portion 71.

After the damper 6a, hinge plate 7, and wire 8 are installed, the nacelle 3 and hub 4 are attached to the top of the tower 13 via hinges, as in the third embodiment, and the rotation axis of the hub 4 is positioned facing upward. Three blades 5 are then fixed to the hub 4. Note that the wire 8 may be installed after the nacelle 3 and hub are attached, or after the blades 5 are fixed. In place of the hydraulic jack 6 in the third embodiment, the compact damper 6a can be used in the fourth embodiment. It is also possible to omit the installation and removal of the hydraulic unit and hoses.

Once all blades 5 have been secured, the tower 13 is released from its fixed position by the tower securing mechanism 11 as shown in Figure 12(b), and the float 1 is raised while the wire 8 is unwound from the wire winder 81. Once the float 1 has been raised, if necessary, the tower 13 is secured by the tower securing mechanism 11, and as shown in Figure 13, the wire 8 is wound up by the wire winder 81, and the angular velocity is adjusted by the damper 6a while the hinge plate 7 is closed, thereby rotating the nacelle 3 and hub 4 on the tower 13. Then, as in Figure 11(b), the rotation axis of the hub 4 is secured in a substantially horizontal direction. The damper 6a and wire 8 are then removed by a hoist crane (not shown) above the nacelle 3.

In this way, in the third and fourth embodiments, as in the first embodiment, the wind turbine can be mounted on the floating body 1 in deep waters with simple vessel rigging, without using a crane ship or large crane ship. In the third and fourth embodiments, all blades 5 can be fixed to the hub 4 above the water surface, preventing excessive stress on the blades 5 and hub 4 due to buoyancy.

The above describes preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to such examples. It is clear that those skilled in the art will be able to conceive of various modifications and alterations within the scope of the technical ideas disclosed in this application, and it is understood that these also naturally fall within the technical scope of the present invention.

For example, in the first to fourth embodiments, the float 1, which is formed by joining the tower 13 and the spar-type float 14, is towed to the work area, but it is also possible to tow only the spar-type float 14 to the work area and then join the tower 13 to the spar-type float 14 on the hull 2. Furthermore, the horizontal positioning means, vertical positioning means, and tilt adjustment means of the nacelle 3 may each be provided as independent devices. The horizontal positioning means, vertical positioning means, and tilt adjustment means of the blades 5 may also each be provided as independent devices.

In the first to fourth embodiments, three blades 5 are fixed to the hub 4, but the first, third, and fourth embodiments can be applied when there are two or more blades 5. The second embodiment can be applied when there are three or more blades.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1...Floating body 2...Hull 3...Nacelle 4...Hub 5, 5-1, 5-2, 5-3...Blade 6...Hydraulic jack 6a...Damper 7...Hinge plate 8, 52...Wire 9...Tow vessel 10...Ship 12...Tower fixing mechanism 12...Ballast 13...Tower 14...Spar-type floating body 15...Inlet and outlet equipment 16...Control unit 31, 31a...Nacelle position adjustment device 41...Socket 42, 55...Tapered portion 43...Concave portion 44...Central axis 51, 51a...Blade position adjustment device 53, 81...Wire winder 54...Fixed portion 56...Convex portion 57...Action rope 71, 72...Plate portion 73...Rotating portion

Claims (8)

A method for mounting a wind turbine on a floating body at sea, comprising the steps of:
a step a) of towing a cylindrical floating body in a lying state and introducing ballast into the floating body to stand it up;
a step b of sinking the float to a predetermined depth and fixing the vicinity of the upper end of the float to a fixing mechanism of a ship's hull in a state where only the vicinity of the upper end of the float is exposed above the sea;
a step c) of attaching the nacelle and the hub to the upper part of the floating body in the hull using horizontal positioning means and vertical positioning means for adjusting the positions of the nacelle and the upper part of the floating body;
a step d) of fixing a plurality of blades to the hub on the hull using horizontal positioning means and vertical positioning means for adjusting the positions of the blades relative to the hub;
a step e) of releasing the fixing by the fixing mechanism and floating the floating body;
A method for mounting a wind turbine on a floating body, comprising: The method for mounting a wind turbine on a floating body described in claim 1, characterized in that in step d, the blades mounted on the hull are moved toward the hub and fixed to the hub, and then the hub is rotated a predetermined angle around a substantially horizontal rotation axis, thereby sequentially fixing the blades to the hub. The blades are three or more,
In the step d, after fixing all the blades except the last one to the hub, a step f is included in which the fixing portion of the last one of the blades is connected to a portion near the hub with a wire;
3. The method for mounting a wind turbine on a floating body according to claim 2, further comprising a step (g) of raising the floating body to a height equal to or greater than the length of the blades while the last blade is suspended by the wires in the step (e) , and then lifting up the blades and fixing them to the hub. In the step c, the nacelle and the hub are attached to the upper part of the floating body via a hinge, and the rotation axis of the hub is arranged to face upward;
In step d, the blades mounted on the hull are moved toward the hub and fixed to the hub, and then the hub is rotated by a predetermined angle about a rotation axis in a substantially vertical direction, so that all of the blades are sequentially fixed to the hub;
2. The method for mounting a wind turbine on a floating body according to claim 1, further comprising, after step e, step h of rotating the nacelle and the hub by the hinge on the floating body and fixing the rotation axis of the hub so as to be oriented in a substantially horizontal direction. 5. The method for mounting a wind turbine on a floating body according to claim 4 , wherein in step h, the nacelle and the hub are rotated by a jack. 5. The method for mounting a wind turbine on a floating body according to claim 4 , wherein in step h, the nacelle and the hub are rotated by wires using a jack as a shock absorbing damper. A wind turbine mounting system for a floating structure at sea, comprising:
a fixing mechanism attached to the hull and configured to grip the floating body;
a horizontal positioning means and a vertical positioning means for adjusting the position of the nacelle with respect to the upper part of the float when attaching the nacelle and the hub to the upper part of the float in the hull;
a horizontal positioning means and a vertical positioning means for adjusting the position of the blade relative to the hub when fixing the blade to the hub in the hull;
Equipped with
A wind turbine mounting system for a floating body, characterized in that the fixing mechanism is capable of switching between a state in which the floating body is fixed at a predetermined height and a state in which the floating body is held while allowing movement in the vertical direction. Ballast injection and discharge equipment for the floating body;
A control unit of the injection and drainage equipment;
Further comprising:
8. The system for mounting a wind turbine on a floating body according to claim 7 , wherein the control unit controls the amount of ballast to adjust the attitude of the floating body and its exposed height above sea level.