JP7817766B2 - Building wall - Google Patents

Description

This disclosure relates to building walls.

Traditionally, the method of attaching architectural paneling to studs (or partition walls) to construct building walls such as the interior walls of partition walls and exterior walls involves fastening an overlapping covering, consisting of an underlayment and an overlayment, made up of, for example, two architectural panelings, to the studs, which are set up horizontally at a distance from each other.

More specifically, building walls are constructed by fastening multiple underlayment panels to multiple studs with screws or the like to form an underlayment, and then fastening multiple toplayment panels to the underlayment with staples and/or adhesive to form a toplayment. However, there are also building walls that are composed of three or more layers of architectural panels, with an inner layer interposed between the underlayment and toplayment.

In multi-story buildings, staircase spaces are provided that allow for free ascent and descent between each floor. These staircase spaces are comprised of building walls, such as partition walls, and stairs that stand independently of the building walls. Staircases include side girder stairs and stringer stairs, and the side girders that make up these stairs are disposed on the surface of the building wall cladding. In this specification, "independent from the building wall" means that other components, such as stairs, are separate from the building wall, and includes both cases where the other components are in contact with the surface of the building wall and cases where the other components are separate from the surface of the building wall.

For example, Patent Document 1 also proposes an indoor staircase with handrails that has stringers attached to the sides of the wall panels. This indoor staircase has a handrail supported by an arm protruding from the surface of one of the wall panels that surrounds the staircase on either side, and the stringer attached to the wall panel facing the handrail is divided into upper and lower girders, separated by the step and riser, and the step and riser are inserted into the insertion grooves between the upper and lower girders.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 6-10464

For example, a typical construction method for a staircase space equipped with overlapping building walls is to construct stairs connecting each floor (e.g., the first and second floors), then erect the studs that make up the building wall to the side of the stairs, erect the underlayment by erecting a subfloor surface material between the studs and the stairs and fastening it to the studs, and then erect the topfloor by erecting a topfloor surface material between the underlayment and the stairs and fastening it to the underlayment.

With this construction method, there is an issue where, when driving screws or other fasteners to fasten the underlayment to the studs, or when driving staples or other fasteners to fasten the toplayment to the underlayment, the stringers of the already constructed stairs get in the way, making it difficult to fasten the underlayment and toplayment.

In addition to staircase spaces like this, in the construction of buildings, various building materials (hereinafter, including staircase stringers, simply referred to as "building materials") such as floor beams, inter-floor beams, and foundation beams that have already been installed often become obstacles to the construction of building walls that will be installed later near these building materials, posing a problem in that the previously installed building materials make it difficult to fasten the underlayment and toplayment surfaces of the building walls.

This disclosure relates to a building wall that is constructed near a building material that has been constructed earlier, and provides a building wall that allows for easy fastening of the underlayment and overlayment surface materials that make up the building wall.

A building wall according to one aspect of the present disclosure comprises:
A building wall comprising a subfloor formed of a plurality of subfloor facings connected to studs spaced at predetermined intervals, and a facing formed of a plurality of facing facings connected to the subfloor facings,
A building material independent from the building wall is disposed on the surface of the upper surface material opposite to the back surface facing the lower surface material,
The underlayment surface is fastened to the stud by a first fastening member, and the upper surface is fastened to the underlayment surface by a second fastening member,
The fastening positions of both the first fixing member and the second fixing member are set in areas that avoid the building material.

Furthermore, a building wall according to another aspect of the present disclosure includes:
A building wall comprising a subfloor formed by a plurality of subfloor facings connected to studs arranged at predetermined intervals, an infill formed by a plurality of infill facings connected to the subfloor facings, and an infill formed by a plurality of infill facings connected to the infill facings,
A building material independent from the building wall is arranged on the surface of the upper surface material opposite to the back surface facing the inner surface material,
The underlayment surface material is fastened to the stud with a first fixing member, the middle surface material is fastened to the underlayment surface material with a third fixing member, and the top surface material is fastened to the middle surface material with a fourth fixing member,
The fastening positions of the first fixing member, the third fixing member and the fourth fixing member are set in areas that avoid the building material.

According to the present disclosure, it is possible to easily fasten the underlayment and overlayment surface materials that make up a building wall that is constructed near a building material that has been constructed earlier.

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a state in which a subfloor surface material is fastened to a stud in a building wall according to an embodiment that forms a staircase space. FIG. 1 is a front view showing a state in which an intermediate surface material is fastened to a subfloor surface material in a building wall according to an embodiment that forms a staircase space. FIG. 1 is a front view showing a state in which a top surface material is fastened to an inner surface material in a building wall according to an embodiment that forms a staircase space. FIG. 4 is a view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG. 3.

An example of a building wall according to the embodiment will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that in this specification and drawings, substantially identical components may be designated by the same reference numerals to avoid redundant explanation.

[Building wall according to the embodiment]
An example of a building wall according to an embodiment will be described with reference to Figures 1 to 4. Here, Figure 1 is a front view of a building wall according to an embodiment that forms a staircase space, showing a state in which a subfloor surface material is fastened to a stud. Also, Figure 2 is a front view of a building wall according to an embodiment that forms a staircase space, showing a state in which an inner surface material is fastened to a subfloor surface material. Also, Figure 3 is a front view of a building wall according to an embodiment that forms a staircase space, showing a state in which a top surface material is fastened to an inner surface material, and Figure 4 is a view taken along the arrows IV-IV in Figure 3.

The building wall shown in the illustration is a single-sided, three-panel partition wall with three layers of underlayment, inlay, and top layer overlapped on one side of the stud. However, the building wall may also be a single-sided, single-panel partition wall with a single panel; a single-sided, two-panel partition wall with two underlayment and top layer overlapped; a double-sided, single-panel partition wall with a single panel on both sides of the stud; or a double-panel or triple-panel partition wall with two or three overlapping panels. In a partition wall with an overlapping panel consisting of two underlayment and top layers, the underlayment panel is fastened to the stud with a first fastening member such as a screw, and the top layer panel is fastened to the underlayment panel with a second fastening member such as a staple. Furthermore, in addition to the illustrated partition wall, the building wall may also be the interior side wall of an exterior wall. Furthermore, in the illustrated example, the building materials arranged on the surface of the building wall are stringers that make up the stairs, but as already mentioned, there are various building materials such as floor beams, floor beams, foundation beams, etc. that are arranged on the surface of the building wall.

The partition wall 100 (an example of a building wall) shown in Figure 3 is applicable to steel-framed buildings, reinforced concrete (RC) buildings, wooden buildings, etc., and these buildings include ordinary detached houses, apartment complexes, and other multi-family housing, as well as factories and warehouses.

The partition wall 100 has multiple studs 10 that form the main framework, as well as lower runners (or floor runners) and upper runners (or ceiling runners), not shown. The studs 10 extend vertically, while the upper and lower runners extend horizontally. Both the upper and lower runners, not shown, are made of lightweight steel frame material such as channel steel, with the upper runner attached to the floor structure above with its opening facing downward, and the lower runner attached to the floor structure below with its opening facing upward.

The studs 10 are formed from a lipped channel steel of light-gauge steel. However, the studs 10 may also be formed from a channel steel or a square steel pipe.

The upper and lower ends of each stud 10 are fitted into the upper and lower runners, respectively, thereby fixing each stud 10 to the upper and lower runners. Here, multiple horizontally extending vibration rests (not shown) may be provided at a predetermined pitch (e.g., 1200 mm pitch) in the height direction of the studs 10.

The studs 10 and the upper and lower runners (not shown) are made of lightweight steel, for example, with a thickness of 0.4 mm or more. Steel runners and steel studs specified in JIS A 6517 ("Steel Substructures for Construction"), or equivalent, compliant, or compatible products, can be used. In the partition wall 100, multiple studs 10 are installed between the lower and upper runners across the width of the wall (left-right in Figure 3) at intervals of 606 mm or less (e.g., 606 mm, 455 mm).

Below, the fastening structure of the underlayment, inner lining, and upper lining will be explained in the order of Figures 1 to 3.

As shown in Figure 1, a plurality of underlayment surface materials 21 are fastened to the front of the plurality of studs 10 (the front side of the page) to form the underlayment 20, and on the front side of the underlayment 20 are arranged side beams 81 (an example of a building material) that constitute the staircase 80, and a plurality of step boards 82 and risers 83 fixed to the side beams 81.

The stairs 80 are erected independently of the studs 10 and underlayment 20, i.e., independently of the partition wall 100, and space is provided between the studs 10 and stringers 81 for erecting the underlayment 20 shown in the figure, as well as the inner lining 30 and upper lining 40 described below. Here, while the staircase 80 in the illustrated example is a stringer staircase, the stringer 81 may also include stringers, and a stringer staircase with stringers may also be applied.

The construction method for the stairs 80 that make up the staircase space and the partition walls 100 on their sides is as follows: first, the stairs 80 are attached to the structural components (foundation beams and second-floor floor beams, etc.) of the upper and lower floors (e.g., the first and second floors), then multiple studs 10 are erected on the sides of the stairs 80, an underlayment surface material 21 is erected in the space between the studs 10 and the stringers 81, and the underlayment surface material 21 is fastened to the studs 10.

The underlayment surface material 21 may be gypsum board, gypsum board, calcium silicate board, particle board, hardboard, plywood, structural plywood, etc., with gypsum board and gypsum board being particularly preferred. Here, gypsum board includes not only general gypsum board, but also reinforced gypsum board, ordinary hard gypsum board, sheathing hard gypsum board, moisture-absorbing and desorbing reinforced gypsum board, moisture-absorbing and desorbing ordinary gypsum board, moisture-absorbing and desorbing hard gypsum board, glass fiber nonwoven fabric reinforced gypsum board, glass mat gypsum board, etc.

For example, when gypsum board is used as the underlayment surface material 21, its short sides, long sides, and thickness are made of semi-non-combustible material measuring 910 mm x 1820 mm x 9.5 mm, or non-combustible material measuring 910 mm x 1820 mm (2420 mm, 2730 mm) x 12.5 mm (15 mm, 21 mm, 25 mm), and the width of the gypsum board is not limited to 910 mm, but can also be 606 mm, 1000 mm, 1220 mm, etc.

The underlayment surface material 21 is fastened to the stud 10 with a screw 50 (an example of a first fixing member). Here, in addition to the screw shown in the illustration, nails, screws, etc. may also be used as the first fixing member.

In the illustrated example, multiple underlayment surface materials 21 are arranged vertically for multiple studs 10. However, multiple underlayment surface materials 21 may also be arranged horizontally.

As shown in Figure 1, a staircase 80 has already been constructed in front of the stud 10, so when fastening the underlayment surface material 21 to the stud 10, the side girder 81 that constitutes the staircase 80 obstructs the driving of the screw 50.

The fastening pitch t1 in the general area where the side girder 81 does not interfere with fastening with the screws 50 is set to, for example, approximately 300 mm.

On the other hand, in areas where the side girder 81 is an obstacle, screws 50 are not used for fastening, but screws 50 are used for fastening above and below the side girder 81, i.e., in areas that avoid the side girder 81 (building material).

As shown in Figure 1, the fastening pitch t2 of the screws 50 in the area avoiding the side girder 81 can be set to a maximum of approximately 750 mm.

As shown in the example, by fastening the underlayment surface material 21 to the studs 10 with screws 50 in an area that avoids the stringer 81 and setting the fastening pitch t2 to a maximum of approximately 750 mm, it is possible to smoothly fasten the underlayment surface material 21 to the studs 10 while ensuring the fastening strength of the underlayment surface material 21 to the studs 10. Note that if the fastening strength can be ensured even if the fastening pitch t2 exceeds 750 mm, the fastening pitch t2 may be set in a range exceeding 750 mm.

A fastening structure between the studs 10 and the underlayment 20 is formed by fastening multiple underlayment surface materials 21 to multiple studs 10.

Next, as shown in Figure 2, multiple interlining surface materials 31 are fastened to the surface of the underlayment 20 (the surface facing the stringer 81).

As with the underlayment surface material 21, gypsum board, gypsum board, calcium silicate board, etc. are used for the intermediate surface material 31, and gypsum board and gypsum board are particularly preferred.

In the illustrated example, multiple interlining panels 31 are arranged vertically on the underlayment 20. However, multiple interlining panels 31 may also be arranged horizontally.

The intermediate surface material 31 is fastened to the underlayment 20 using an adhesive such as a vinyl acetate adhesive (not shown) and staples 60 (an example of a third fixing member).

The staple 60 is shown as being driven into the adhesive when viewed from the front, for example, but the staple 60 may not be driven into the adhesive, but may be driven into a position that does not correspond to the adhesive.

As shown in Figure 2, the staples 60 include peripheral staples 61 driven at a relatively dense pitch around the periphery of the interlining surface material 31, and central staples 62 driven at a relatively coarse pitch around the center of the interlining surface material 31.

As shown in Figure 2, a staircase 80 has already been constructed in front of the underlayment 20, so when fastening the intermediate surface material 31 to the underlayment 20, the side girders 81 that make up the staircase 80 obstruct the driving of staples 61, 62.

When fastening using staples 61, 62, with regard to the fastening pitch in the general area where the side girders 81 do not pose an obstacle, the fastening pitch t3 of the peripheral staples 61 is set to approximately 100 mm, and the fastening pitch t4 of the central staples 62 is set to approximately 200 mm.

In this way, by fastening the periphery of the interlining surface material 31 to the underlayment 20 with staples 61 at a relatively dense pitch and fastening the centre of the interlining surface material 31 with staples 62 at a relatively coarse pitch, it is possible to increase the fastening strength of the interlining surface material 31 to the underlayment 20 while minimizing the number of staples 60.Furthermore, it is possible to improve the integrity (ability to deform as a unit) of the components of the partition wall 100 when deforming during an earthquake, and to prevent the components of the partition wall 100 from falling off during a fire (preventing the interlining 30 from falling off from the underlayment 20).

The interlining panel 31 is also fastened to the stud 10 by an additional screw 65 (an example of a fifth fixing member) that penetrates the underlayment panel 21. In the illustrated example, the interlining panel 31 is fastened to the stud 10 by a single additional screw 65, but two or more additional screws 65 may be used. This additional screw 65 further enhances the unity of the stud 10, underlayment 20, and interlining 30. Here, the additional screw 65 may be driven from the surface of the upper panel 41 (described below) and penetrate both the interlining panel 31 and the underlayment panel 21 to fasten to the stud 10, but preferably is driven from the surface of the interlining panel 31 in the illustrated example.

On the other hand, in areas where the stringer 81 is an obstacle, staples 60 are not used for fastening, but staples 60 are used for fastening above and below the stringer 81, i.e., in areas that avoid the stringer 81 (building material).

As shown in Figure 2, the fastening pitch t5 of the staples 60 in the area avoiding the stringer 81 can be set to a maximum of approximately 750 mm.

As shown in the example, the interlining surface material 31 is fastened to the underlayment 20 with staples 60 in an area avoiding the stringers 81, and by setting the fastening pitch t5 to a maximum of approximately 750 mm, it is possible to smoothly fasten the interlining surface material 31 to the underlayment 20 while ensuring the fastening strength of the interlining surface material 31 to the underlayment 20. Note that if the fastening strength can be ensured even if the fastening pitch t5 exceeds 750 mm, the fastening pitch t5 may be set in a range exceeding 750 mm.

The interlining 30 is formed by fastening multiple interlining surface materials 31 to the underlayment 20, and a fastening structure between the underlayment 20 and the interlining 30 is formed.

Next, as shown in Figure 3, multiple top panel materials 41 are fastened to the surface of the inner lining 30 (the surface facing the stringer 81).

Like the underlayment 21 and intermediate lining 31, the upper surface material 41 can be made of gypsum board, gypsum board, calcium silicate board, etc., with gypsum board and gypsum board being particularly preferred. For example, the underlayment 21 and intermediate lining 31 can be made of reinforced gypsum board, and the upper surface material 41 can be made of ordinary gypsum board, resulting in a three-layer, fire-resistant partition wall 100.

In the illustrated example, multiple top panel materials 41 are arranged vertically on the inner lining 30. However, multiple top panel materials 41 may also be arranged horizontally.

The upper surface material 41 is fastened to the inner lining 30 using an adhesive such as a vinyl acetate adhesive (not shown) and staples 70 (an example of a fourth fixing member).

The staple 70 is shown as being driven into the adhesive when viewed from the front, for example, but the staple 70 may not be driven into the adhesive, but may be driven into a position that does not correspond to the adhesive.

As shown in Figure 3, the staples 70 include peripheral staples 71 that are driven at a relatively dense pitch around the periphery of the upper surface material 41, and central staples 72 that are driven at a relatively coarse pitch around the center of the upper surface material 41.

As shown in Figure 3, a staircase 80 has already been constructed in front of the inner lining 30, so when fastening the top panel 41 to the inner lining 30, the side girders 81 that make up the staircase 80 obstruct the driving of staples 71 and 72.

Regarding the fastening pitch in the general area where the side girders 81 do not obstruct fastening using staples 71 and 72, the fastening pitch t6 of the peripheral staples 71 is set to approximately 100 mm, and the fastening pitch t7 of the central staples 72 is set to approximately 200 mm.

In this way, by fastening the periphery of the top panel 41 to the inner lining 30 with staples 71 at a relatively dense pitch and fastening the centre of the top panel 41 with staples 72 at a relatively coarse pitch, it is possible to increase the fastening strength of the top panel 41 to the inner lining 30 while minimizing the number of staples 70, thereby improving the integrity (ability to deform as a unit) of the components of the partition wall 100 when deforming during an earthquake and preventing the components of the partition wall 100 from falling off during a fire (preventing the top panel 40 from falling off from the inner lining 30).

On the other hand, in areas where the stringer 81 is an obstacle, staples 70 are not used for fastening, but staples 70 are used for fastening above and below the stringer 81, i.e., in areas that avoid the stringer 81 (building material).

As shown in Figure 3, the fastening pitch t8 of the staples 70 in the area avoiding the stringer 81 can be set to a maximum of approximately 750 mm.

As shown in the example, the top panel 41 is fastened to the intermediate covering 30 with staples 70 in an area that avoids the stringers 81, and the fastening pitch t8 is set to a maximum of approximately 750 mm, thereby ensuring the fastening strength of the top panel 41 to the intermediate covering 30 while allowing the top panel 41 to be smoothly fastened to the intermediate covering 30. Note that if fastening strength can be ensured even if the fastening pitch t8 exceeds 750 mm, the fastening pitch t8 may be set in a range exceeding 750 mm.

The top covering 40 is formed by fastening multiple top covering surface materials 41 to the inner covering 30, forming a fastening structure between the inner covering 30 and the top covering 40, and forming a partition wall 100 in which the bottom covering 20 is fastened to the studs 10, the inner covering 30 is fastened to the bottom covering 20, and the top covering 40 is fastened to the inner covering 30.

In the cross-sectional view of the partition wall 100 shown in Figure 4, the vertical joints 75 of the overlay 40 are, for example, open joints. Adhesive 78 is applied to the surface of the overlay 40 corresponding to the vertical joints 75, and hat joiners 77 are attached to the vertical joints 75. Here, adhesive 78 may be applied to the back of the hat joiner 77, and the hat joiner 77 may be attached to the vertical joints 75. Although not shown, the horizontal joints may be open joints, and hat joiners may be attached to the horizontal joints. Furthermore, although not shown, a sealant may be applied between the hat joiner and the lining (including the joints). Applying a sealant improves the fire resistance of the vertical and/or horizontal joints. Furthermore, although not shown, the vertical and horizontal joints may be butt joints. Although the illustrated example shows the hat joiner 77 attached with adhesive 78, it is also possible to attach the hat joiner with adhesive tape or double-sided adhesive tape.

A horizontally extending steel strip (not shown) may be disposed between the top cover 40 and the intermediate cover 30. As an example, the top cover 40 may have vertical joints 75 and horizontal joints (not shown), and a steel strip may be disposed on the rear surface of the top cover 40 at a position corresponding to the horizontal joint (at a predetermined height from the floor). The steel strip may be, for example, a galvanized steel sheet, and the steel sheet is bonded to the front surface of the intermediate cover 30 and the rear surface of the top cover 40 with an adhesive such as quick-drying glue. The steel sheet may be attached using staples, screws, adhesive tape, or double-sided adhesive tape, in addition to adhesive. The steel sheet may also be disposed in various positions between the top cover 40 and the intermediate cover 30 that do not correspond to the horizontal joint. Furthermore, the steel sheet may be disposed between the stud 10 and the underlayment 20, or between the underlayment 20 and the intermediate cover 30.

The steel plate functions as a support base that cantilevers and supports add-on components (not shown) that are attached to the interior side of the upper panel 40. For example, one end of a rod-shaped support member (not shown) is fixed to the steel plate, the other end of the support member extends into the interior, and add-on components such as handrails, wall hangings, backrests, and armrests are fixed to the other ends of the multiple support members.

As such, because steel plate is a rigid plate material, it is suitable as a member that functions as a support base for supporting add-on components. Furthermore, because steel plate is a relatively thin, flat member, it is suitable as a member to be sandwiched between the inner lining 30 and the upper lining 40. Since it is desirable for the steel plate to have the minimum rigidity necessary to support add-on components and be as thin as possible, a thickness of 0.4 mm to 1.2 mm is suitable.

The partition wall 100 has the first fixing member 50 that fastens the underlayment surface material 21 to the studs 10, the third fixing member 60 that fastens the intermediate surface material 31 to the underlayment surface material 21, and the fourth fixing member 70 that fastens the upper surface material 41 to the intermediate surface material 31, all of which are fastened in areas that avoid the stringers 81. This makes it possible to smoothly construct the partition wall 100, which has excellent fire resistance, next to the stairs 80 in the staircase space where the stairs 80 have been constructed first.

Note that other embodiments may be possible in which other components are combined with the configurations described in the above embodiments, and the present disclosure is in no way limited to the configurations shown here. In this regard, modifications are possible without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure, and can be determined appropriately depending on the application form.

This international application claims priority from Japanese Patent Application No. 2022-088607, filed on May 31, 2022, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

10: Stud 20: Underlayment 21: Underlayment surface material 30: Interlining 31: Interlining surface material 40: Overlayment 41: Overlay surface material 50: Screw (first fixing member)
60: Staple (third fixing member)
61: Peripheral staples (staples)
62: Center staple (staple)
65: Reinforcement screw (fifth fixing member)
70: Staple (fourth fixing member)
71: Peripheral staples (staples)
72: Center staple (staple)
75: Vertical joint 77: Hat joiner 78: Adhesive 80: Stairs 81: Side girder 82: Step board 83: Riser board 100: Partition wall (building wall)

Claims (11)

A building wall comprising a subfloor formed of a plurality of subfloor facings connected to studs spaced at predetermined intervals, and a facing formed of a plurality of facing facings connected to the subfloor facings,
A building material independent from the building wall is disposed on the surface of the upper surface material opposite to the back surface facing the lower surface material,
The underlayment surface is fastened to the stud by a first fastening member, and the upper surface is fastened to the underlayment surface by a second fastening member,
A building wall, wherein the fastening positions of both the first fixing member and the second fixing member are set in an area that avoids the building material. A building wall comprising a subfloor formed by a plurality of subfloor facings connected to studs arranged at predetermined intervals, an infill formed by a plurality of infill facings connected to the subfloor facings, and an infill formed by a plurality of infill facings connected to the infill facings,
A building material independent from the building wall is arranged on the surface of the upper surface material opposite to the back surface facing the inner surface material,
The underlayment surface material is fastened to the stud with a first fixing member, the middle surface material is fastened to the underlayment surface material with a third fixing member, and the top surface material is fastened to the middle surface material with a fourth fixing member,
A building wall, wherein the fastening positions of the first fixing member, the third fixing member, and the fourth fixing member are set in areas that avoid the building material. A building wall as described in claim 2, wherein the interfacial surface is further fastened to the studs by a fifth fixing member that penetrates the subfacial surface. A building wall as described in claim 1, wherein the fastening pitch of each of the first fixing member and the second fixing member is up to 750 mm. A building wall as described in claim 2 or 3, wherein the fastening pitch of each of the first fixing member, the third fixing member and the fourth fixing member is a maximum of 750 mm. The planar shape of the upper surface material is rectangular,
The building wall according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the fastening pitch of the second fastening members on the periphery of the rectangle is narrower than the fastening pitch of the second fastening members on the inside of the rectangle. The planar shapes of the inner surface material and the upper surface material are both rectangular,
The building wall according to claim 5, wherein the fastening pitch of the third fixing member and the fourth fixing member on the periphery of the rectangle is narrower than the fastening pitch of the third fixing member and the fourth fixing member on the inside of the rectangle. A building wall as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a steel plate is arranged on the back surface of the cladding. The facing has vertical and horizontal joints,
The building wall according to claim 8 , wherein the steel plate is disposed on the back surface of the cladding at a position corresponding to at least the horizontal joint. A building wall as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the building material is a stringer that constitutes a staircase. A building wall as described in claim 10, wherein the stringers include both stringers that constitute stringer stairs and stringers that constitute stringer stairs.