JP7834964B2 - Fire-resistant partition wall - Google Patents

Description

This disclosure relates to fire-resistant partition walls.

A fire-resistant partition wall with a fire resistance of one hour is known, which, when subjected to fire-induced heat for one hour, prevents the temperature of the non-heated surface from rising to a temperature above which flammable materials in contact with it may ignite. Such a conventional fire-resistant partition wall with one hour of fire resistance is formed by sandwiching two walls between studs made of multiple lightweight steel frames, etc., which are arranged at predetermined intervals, and fastening these studs with screws.

Both of the walls described above have a multi-layer structure consisting of at least two layers of reinforced gypsum board (both fire-resistant coatings), such as a reinforced underlayment and a reinforced overlayment. Therefore, the entire fire-resistant partition wall has a structure with four or more layers of facing material. While the two walls on either side of the stud have multiple facing materials (underlayment and overlay) arranged vertically and horizontally to form horizontal and vertical joints, in the event of a fire, the heat causes each facing material to contract, creating gaps in the joints where the facing materials were previously butted together without gaps. Therefore, since hot air would leak through the gaps in the joints if there was only one layer of facing material, it is common practice to use a fire-resistant partition wall with two layers on both sides (a total of four layers, with two layers on one side), as described above, and to stagger the joint positions of the underlayment and overlay on the two walls to prevent hot air from leaking through the gaps.

To improve workability, let's consider a fire-resistant partition wall constructed with single-layer panels on both sides (one side is single-layer, for a total of two layers). Generally, studs are present behind the vertical joints of the panel panels (the panels are arranged in such a way that they do), and therefore, there is no risk of hot air leaking from the vertical joints in the event of a fire inside the room.

In contrast, because studs are absent on the back of almost the entire horizontal joint, there is a risk of hot air leaking into the interior of the partition wall through the horizontal joint. This leakage of hot air from the horizontal joint can reduce the fire resistance performance of the fire-resistant partition wall. Furthermore, when a fire-resistant partition wall with a fire resistance rating of one hour is developed, a one-hour fire resistance test is usually conducted by heating it for one hour. Passing this test allows the wall to be distributed to the market. However, the leakage of hot air from the horizontal joint makes it difficult to pass this one-hour fire resistance test.

Here, Patent Document 1 proposes a partition wall structure that improves fire resistance and facilitates construction work. Specifically, it is a fire-resistant partition wall structure comprising studs and a pair of partition walls having fire resistance performance including an underlayment and a painted overlayment, wherein at least one of the partition walls is provided with an additional reinforcement on the outside.

However, even in the partition wall structure described in Patent Document 1, each of the pair of walls flanking the studs (here, one wall is considered the partition wall) has two layers of fire-resistant coating material, such as an underlayment and a painted overlayment. Furthermore, one of the partition walls has an additional layer of coating material, resulting in a total of five layers of fire-resistant coating material in the partition wall structure. Therefore, it presents the challenge of requiring considerable construction time. Also, as mentioned above, Patent Document 1 does not contain specific descriptions regarding joint underlayment material installed at locations corresponding to horizontal joints. Therefore, it is assumed that at least two or more layers of fire-resistant coating material are applied to one side of the partition wall to suppress the leakage of hot air into the interior of the partition wall through the horizontal joints.

Therefore, Patent Document 2 proposes a partition wall that uses as few fire-resistant coating materials as possible as a component to improve workability and has excellent fire resistance by suppressing hot air leakage from horizontal joints. Specifically, it has a plurality of studs arranged at predetermined intervals and a pair of walls sandwiching the plurality of studs, a first wall and a second wall formed by arranging a plurality of gypsum boards vertically and horizontally, both of which are single-layer walls made of a plurality of gypsum boards, and the first wall and the second wall have vertical and horizontal joints formed in them respectively, with studs on the back of the vertical joints, and the horizontal joints are provided with a joint base material having fire-shielding properties, which has a T-shaped cross-section perpendicular to its longitudinal direction and has a back piece that contacts the back of the gypsum board and an overhanging piece that extends from the back piece in the thickness direction of the gypsum board, and the gypsum board, joint base material and studs are not fastened with common screws, but rather have two types of screw fastening configurations. In this partition wall, one screw fastening configuration involves the gypsum board being screwed only to the studs, not to the joint batten, and the joint batten being sandwiched between the gypsum board and the studs and fixed at the horizontal joint position. On the other hand, another screw fastening configuration involves the gypsum board being screwed to the studs and also to the joint batten with separate screws, and the joint batten being sandwiched between the gypsum board and the studs and fixed at the horizontal joint position.

Japanese Patent Publication No. 2009-191494 International Publication No. 2020/070938

According to the partition wall described in Patent Document 2, the amount of facing material can be minimized to improve workability, and fire resistance can be improved by suppressing hot air leakage from horizontal joints. However, the partition wall described in Patent Document 2 has two types of screw fastening configurations as described above. In the former configuration, where the joint batten material is not fastened to the gypsum board at all, there is a concern about reduced workability when constructing the partition wall with the joint batten material sandwiched between the studs and gypsum board. On the other hand, in the latter configuration, where the joint batten material is screwed to the gypsum board at a position away from the intersection of the gypsum board, studs, and joint batten material, the two upper and lower back pieces of the joint batten material are screwed to the upper and lower gypsum boards, resulting in a large number of screw fastening points, raising concerns about an increase in the number of parts and reduced workability.

This disclosure provides a fire-resistant partition wall that suppresses hot air leakage from horizontal joints, offers excellent fire resistance, and has excellent workability.

A fire-resistant partition wall according to one aspect of this disclosure is
Multiple studs arranged at predetermined intervals,
A pair of walls sandwiching a plurality of the aforementioned studs, comprising a first wall and a second wall having vertical and horizontal joints, formed by a surface material consisting of a plurality of gypsum boards adjacent to each other in the horizontal and vertical directions, respectively, a fire-resistant partition wall made of a single sheet on both sides,
The stud is located on the back of the vertical joint.
In the aforementioned horizontal joint, a joint base material is provided which has a T-shaped cross-section perpendicular to its longitudinal direction, a back piece that contacts the back surface of the surface material, and an overhanging piece that extends from the back piece in the thickness direction of the surface material, and which has flame-retardant properties.
All of the aforementioned surface materials are fastened to the studs by first fixing members.
At least one end of two adjacent surface materials in the vertical direction is fastened to the protruding piece by a second fixing member.

According to this disclosure, it is possible to provide a fire-resistant partition wall that suppresses hot air leakage from horizontal joints, offers excellent fire resistance, and has excellent workability.

This is a perspective view showing an example of a fire-resistant partition wall according to an embodiment, with a portion of the wall broken off. This is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in Figure 1, showing the cross section where the facing material and the studs are fastened together by the first fixing member. This is a perspective view of the joint and base material. This is a perspective view showing the first wall, where the joint filler material is installed on the back side of the horizontal joint, and the face material, joint filler material, and studs are not fastened together by a fixing member at the three-way intersection. This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a fire-resistant partition wall according to an embodiment, showing a cross-section where the facing material and studs are fastened together by a first fixing member. This is a perspective view showing an example of an overhanging piece of joint-underlayment material and a second fixing member. This is a perspective view showing another example of a protruding piece of jointing material. Figure 7A shows a perspective view of another example of the protruding piece of the joint base material, indicating the state in which the second fixing member has been formed. This perspective view shows yet another example of a protruding piece of jointing material. Figure 8A shows a perspective view of another example of the protruding piece of the joint base material, indicating the formation of the second fixing member. This perspective view shows yet another example of a protruding piece of jointing material. Figure 9A shows a perspective view of another example of the protruding piece of the joint base material, indicating the formation of the second fixing member. This is a perspective view showing yet another example of the protruding piece of the joint subfloor material and the second fixing member.

The fire-resistant partition wall according to the embodiment will be described below with reference to the attached drawings. Note that in this specification and the drawings, substantially identical components may be denoted by the same reference numerals to avoid redundant explanations.

[Fire-resistant partition wall according to an embodiment]
An example of a fire-resistant partition wall according to the embodiment will be described with reference to Figures 1 to 10. In the following description, a fire-resistant partition wall in which reinforced gypsum board is used as the gypsum board forming the facing material will be discussed, but other types of gypsum board may be used in the fire-resistant partition wall according to the embodiment. Here, Figure 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a fire-resistant partition wall according to the embodiment, and is partially cut away. Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in Figure 1, showing the facing material and studs fastened together by the first fixing member. Figure 3 is a perspective view of the joint lining material. Figure 4 is a perspective view showing the state in the first wall where the joint lining material is arranged on the back side of the horizontal joint, and shows the state where the facing material, joint lining material, and studs are not fastened together by the fixing member at the three-way intersection. Furthermore, Figure 5 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the fire-resistant partition wall according to the embodiment, showing the state in which the facing material and studs are fastened together by the first fixing member.

The fire-resistant partition wall 100 shown in Figure 1 is applicable to steel-frame buildings, reinforced concrete (RC) buildings, wooden buildings, etc., and is suitable for general detached houses, apartment buildings, factories, warehouses, etc.

The fire-resistant partition wall 100 is a double-sided, single-layer fire-resistant partition wall having a plurality of studs 10 arranged at predetermined intervals u, and a pair of first walls 30A and second walls 30B flanking the plurality of studs 10. Here, the interval u at which the studs 10 are arranged may be constant or may change midway; for example, the interval u can be set to 303 mm.

Multiple studs 10 are fitted into the grooves of the upper runner 15 and lower runner 16, thereby forming a frame structure consisting of the studs 10, the upper runner 15, and the lower runner 16. In the illustrated example, the studs 10 are made of channel steel with lips, and the upper runner 15 and lower runner 16 are also made of channel steel. Note that the studs 10 may also be made of square steel pipes. Examples of channel steel or square steel pipes applicable to the studs 10 include those with dimensions of width x height x thickness as specified in JIS A 6517, for example, 45 x 45 x 0.4 mm or larger. Examples of channel steel applicable to the upper and lower runners 15 and 16 include those with dimensions of 45 x 30 to 40 x 0.4 mm or larger.

Both the first wall 30A and the second wall 30B are formed by arranging multiple reinforced gypsum boards 20 (an example of a facing material) with a thickness s of 25 mm on the top, bottom, left, and right sides. That is, by using multiple reinforced gypsum boards 20 with a thickness of 25 mm, both the first wall 30A and the second wall 30B can be formed with a single layer of fire-resistant covering material. Therefore, the fire-resistant partition wall 100 as a whole is formed with two layers of reinforced gypsum boards 20, resulting in a fire-resistant partition wall with a single layer on both sides. Here, the fire-resistant partition wall 100 shown in Figure 1 illustrates a configuration in which multiple rectangular reinforced gypsum boards 20 are arranged vertically to form the first wall 30A and the second wall 30B. However, the multiple reinforced gypsum boards 20 may also be arranged horizontally to form the first wall 30A and the second wall 30B.

Reinforced gypsum board 20 is formed by mixing inorganic fiber material into the core of gypsum board, and is a board with higher fire resistance than ordinary gypsum board. According to JIS A 6901, the specifications for reinforced gypsum board 20 specify thicknesses of 12.5, 15.0, 16.0, 18.0, 21.0, and 25.0 mm (thickness tolerance 0 to +0.5 mm).

Since the fire-resistant partition wall 100 consists of both the first wall 30A and the second wall 30B, both are formed from a single layer of reinforced gypsum board 20, it is preferable to use reinforced gypsum board 20 with a maximum thickness of 25 mm.

For this reinforced gypsum board 20, "Tiger Board (registered trademark) Type Z, 25mm thick," manufactured by Yoshino Gypsum Co., Ltd., can be used. Tiger Board Type Z (25mm thick) has planar dimensions of 606mm width x 1820mm length and features a beveled edge.

Thus, since the fire-resistant partition wall 100 consists of only two layers of reinforced gypsum board 20 on both sides, its constructability is significantly improved compared to a fire-resistant partition wall with four or more layers of fire-resistant coating material on both sides.

In the fire-resistant partition wall 100, reinforced gypsum board 20 is applied, having a width spanning the distance between the centers of three studs 10 (the width between the centers of the left and right studs 10) that are arranged at a predetermined interval u (for example, 303 mm).

Furthermore, the arrangement of reinforced gypsum boards 20 in the upper, lower, left, and right directions forms multiple vertical joints 60 and horizontal joints 70. Steel studs 10 are present on the back of the vertical joints 60. Therefore, for example, if a fire occurs from the side of the first wall 30A, there is no risk of hot air leaking into the fire-resistant partition wall 100 through the vertical joints 60 of the first wall 30A. Here, while steel members are shown as the base material for studs, etc., wooden members may also be used as long as they meet the fire resistance requirements.

On the other hand, since the back of the horizontal joint 70 can be hollow except at the positions corresponding to the studs 10, there is a possibility that hot air may leak into the inside of the fire-resistant partition wall 100 through the horizontal joint 70. Therefore, a joint filler material 40 with fire-resistant properties is installed on the back side of the horizontal joint 70.

Here, "flame-blocking performance" refers to the ability to block the leakage of hot air and flames. This includes materials that inherently possess fire-resistant properties, materials that harden with heat to become fire-resistant, and materials that, even if they burn due to heat, leave behind ash-like masses, thereby achieving flame-blocking performance.

Materials that exhibit flame-retardant properties include metals, thermosetting resins, and wood. Examples of metals include steel, aluminum, and stainless steel (SUS). Examples of thermosetting resins include phenolic resin (PF), epoxy resin (EP), melamine resin (MF), urea resin (UF), unsaturated polyester resin (UP), alkyd resin, polyurethane resin (PUR), and polyimide resin (PI). Examples of wood include cedar, pine, spruce, rosewood, oak, and beech, and can be either solid wood or laminated wood. When wood burns, it turns to ash and remains as a solid mass, thus exhibiting flame-retardant properties.

The fire-resistant partition wall 100 has a fire resistance performance of 1 hour. A fire-resistant partition wall with a 1-hour fire resistance performance is a partition wall that has passed a 1-hour fire resistance test involving 1 hour of heating. In this fire resistance test, the temperature of the unheated surface is set to the temperature at which flammable materials in contact with that surface may ignite, and it is required that the temperature not rise above this reference temperature.

More specifically, the requirements are that heating does not cause damage that could result in flames (including hot air) on the unheated surface, that heating does not cause damage that impairs structural integrity, and that heating does not cause significant smoke on the unheated surface. Furthermore, the temperature on the unheated surface must not exceed an average temperature of the initial temperature plus 140°C, and the maximum temperature must not exceed an initial temperature plus 180°C.

As shown in Figure 1, the joint base material 40 has a T-shaped cross-section, and at the location of the stud 10, as shown in Figure 5, the reinforced gypsum board 20 and the stud 10 are fastened together with screws 50 (an example of a first fixing member). Applicable screws include those with a diameter of 3.5 mm or more and a length of 35 mm or more, and the upper and lower screws 50 can be fastened together with a distance of 200 mm or less between them. On the other hand, as shown in Figure 4, at the intersection of the three components of the reinforced gypsum board 20, joint base material 40, and stud 10, they are not fastened together with screws 50, and the reinforced gypsum board 20 is fastened to the stud 10 with screws 50 at a location outside the intersection of the three components. In other words, as shown in Figure 4, the reinforced gypsum board 20 and the studs 10 are fastened with screws 50 in a manner in which no screws 50 are present in the area enclosed by the joint base material range and the stud range. At the three-way intersection, the joint base material 40 is sandwiched between the reinforced gypsum board 20 and the studs 10 without being fastened with screws 50.

As shown in Figure 4, because the joint base material 40 is not fastened to the studs 10 with screws 50, the deformation due to thermal expansion of the studs 10 and the deformation due to thermal expansion of the joint base material 40 do not interfere with each other during a fire. The reinforced gypsum board 20, which is fastened to them with screws, can follow both deformations, thereby reducing the stress on the reinforced gypsum board 20 due to the thermal expansion deformation of the steel members. As a result, cracks that could form in the reinforced gypsum board 20 can be suppressed.

In the fire-resistant partition wall 100, the reinforced gypsum board 20, the joint base material 40, and the studs 10 may be fixed together with a common fixing member. However, to improve fire resistance, it is preferable that the reinforced gypsum board 20 and the joint base material 40 are not screwed together at the intersection of the three components, as described above. On the other hand, as will be explained in detail below, in areas outside the intersection of the three components, at least one end 21, 22 of two vertically adjacent reinforced gypsum boards 20 is fastened to the protruding piece 42 of the joint base material 40 by a second fixing member 55 or the like.

As shown in Figure 3, the joint underlayment 40 is formed by bending a single sheet of material (for example, a metal plate). In the illustrated example, the joint underlayment 40 has two protruding pieces 42 extending from two back pieces 41 via two first bent portions 43, and the protruding pieces 42 have a U-shape with a second bent portion 44.

Furthermore, the joint-underlayment material 40 has a predetermined angle θ of less than 90 degrees between the back piece 41 and the overhanging piece 42. Here, this predetermined angle θ of less than 90 degrees can be approximately 60 to 88 degrees.

Because the back piece 41 and the overhanging piece 42 have a predetermined angle θ of less than 90 degrees, when the joint underlayment 40 is installed by inserting the overhanging piece 42 between the upper end surface 21 (edge) and the lower end surface 22 (edge) of the upper and lower reinforced gypsum boards 20, as shown in Figure 4, the end of the back piece 41 can be tightly attached to the back surface of the reinforced gypsum board 20 without any gaps.

Furthermore, by fixing the reinforced gypsum board 20 to the stud 10 with the back surface of the joint base material 40 pressed against the stud 10, the joint base material 40 ensures reliable gap prevention (sealing) of the horizontal joint 70. Therefore, the leakage of hot air into the interior of the fire-resistant partition wall 100 through the horizontal joint 70 is effectively eliminated.

As shown in Figure 3, the joint-underlayment material 40 has a total width t1 (width in cross-section) of 40 mm or more between its two back pieces 41. Furthermore, an overhanging piece 42 is provided at the center of the two back pieces 41, and the overhang length of the overhanging piece 42 is set in the range of 5 mm to 20 mm. In addition, the longitudinal length t3 of the joint-underlayment material 40 can be set to approximately 1815 mm, spanning six spans, for example, when the spacing u between the studs 10 is approximately 303 mm.

Thus, because the joint underlayment 40 has an overall width of 40 mm or more and a total length of approximately 1815 mm, resulting in a high aspect ratio, it is prone to bending during transportation and construction, and if the joint underlayment 40 is made of metal, there is a risk of plastic deformation. However, since the joint underlayment 40 has a protruding piece 42 along its entire length at the center of its width, this protruding piece 42 provides bending rigidity, making it possible to suppress or prevent bending and plastic deformation during transportation and construction.

As shown in Figure 5, the reinforced gypsum board 20 has a chamfered portion 24 at the corner on the back side of the lower end surface 22 (edge). The length t4 of this chamfered portion 24 in the thickness direction of the reinforced gypsum board 20 is set in the range of 7 mm to 23 mm.

Therefore, when the joint underlayment 40 is installed on the back of the upper and lower reinforced gypsum boards 20, the overhanging piece 42, whose overhang length t2 is set in the range of 5 mm to 20 mm, can be accommodated within the chamfered portion 24.

In this way, with the protruding piece 42 completely housed within the chamfered portion 24, as shown in Figure 5, the lower end surface 22 (edge) of the upper reinforced gypsum board 20 and the upper end surface 21 (edge) of the lower reinforced gypsum board 20 can abut without any gaps, eliminating gaps in the horizontal joint 70.

The above explanation pertains to the chamfering process when installing reinforced gypsum board vertically. In contrast, when installing reinforced gypsum board horizontally, the edges of the boards, where the sides are covered with gypsum board paper, are butted together (edge shapes include beveled edges and square edges). However, when the edge angle (the angle of the side of the board edge covered with gypsum board paper) is less than 90 degrees, it may be possible to accommodate the protruding piece of joint underlayment without chamfering. In this case, care should be taken to prevent gaps in the horizontal joint. Even in the case of horizontal installation, chamfering should be performed if necessary.

Next, an example of the protruding piece 42 of the joint-underlayment material 40 and the second fixing member will be described with reference to Figures 6 to 10. Here, Figures 6 to 10 are all perspective views showing an example of the protruding piece of the joint-underlayment material and the second fixing member.

In the fire-resistant partition wall 100, the reinforced gypsum board 20, the joint base material 40, and the studs 10 may be fixed together with a common fixing member. However, in order to improve fire resistance, it is preferable that, as described above, the reinforced gypsum board 20, the back piece 41 of the joint base material 40, and the studs 10 are not fastened together with a common fixing member (for example, nails or screws, and the same applies hereinafter) at the three intersection points. On the other hand, in areas outside the three intersection points, at least one end piece 21, 22 of two vertically adjacent reinforced gypsum boards 20 is fastened to the protruding piece 42 of the joint base material 40 with a second fixing member of various forms. Here, "at least one end 21, 22 of two vertically adjacent reinforced gypsum boards 20 is fastened to the protruding piece 42 of the joint base material 40" includes both a configuration in which the protruding piece 42 is fastened to only one end of the two vertically adjacent reinforced gypsum boards 20 and a configuration in which the protruding piece 42 is fastened to both ends of the two vertically adjacent reinforced gypsum boards 20.

The example shown in Figure 6 involves a configuration in which multiple guide holes 45 are provided at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction of the protruding piece 42 of the joint base material 40. Screws 55 (an example of a second fixing member) are inserted through each guide hole 45 and driven into the end of a reinforced gypsum board 20 (not shown). Here, the second fixing member 55 may be a nail, screw, or the like, in addition to a screw.

The second fixing member 55 in the illustrated example is fastened to one of the edges 21, 22 of two vertically adjacent reinforced gypsum boards 20.

In actual construction, multiple studs 10 are installed at predetermined intervals u on the upper and lower runners 15 and 16, and then the lower reinforced gypsum board 20 is fastened to the studs 10 with screws 50.

Next, the lower back piece 41 of the joint filler material 40 is inserted into the back side (stud 10 side) of the upper end surface 21 (edge) of the reinforced gypsum board 20 located below. The protruding piece 42 is then hooked and secured to the upper end surface 21 (edge), and the second fixing member 55 is driven into the upper end surface 21 through the guide holes 45, thereby fixing the protruding piece 42 to the upper end surface 21 of the reinforced gypsum board 20.

Next, the lower end surface 22 (edge) of the upper reinforced gypsum board 20 is placed on the upper end surface 21 (edge) of the lower reinforced gypsum board 20, sandwiching the protruding piece 42 between them, and the upper reinforced gypsum board 20 is fastened to the stud 10 with screws 50.

In this way, by fastening the protruding piece 42 of the joint base material 40 to the edge 21 of the reinforced gypsum board 20 with the second fixing member 55, and then fastening the upper and lower reinforced gypsum boards 20 to the stud 10 with the first fixing member 50, it is possible to prevent the joint base material 40 from falling off or shifting position from the edge of the reinforced gypsum board 20 during installation, thereby improving the constructability of the fire-resistant partition wall 100. Furthermore, compared to, for example, fastening both the upper and lower back pieces 41 of the joint base material 40 to the upper and lower reinforced gypsum boards 20 with screws, the number of screws can be significantly reduced, and the number of fastening points can be reduced, thereby lowering construction costs and further improving constructability.

On the other hand, the example shown in Figure 7A is a configuration in which multiple bent notches 46 are made at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction of the protruding piece 42 of the joint-underlayment material 40. Here, the bent notches 46 in the illustrated example are V-shaped.

As shown in Figure 7B, the bent notch 46 is bent and erected via the third bent portion 46a (an example of a bent portion), thereby forming the second fixing member with the erected notch 46.

In actual construction, transporting the joint filler material 40 to the site in the unbent state shown in Figure 7A prevents injuries from the notches 46 during handling. After transporting the joint filler material 40 to the site, during installation, workers bend the notches 46 to erect it, and then, for example, push it into the end 21 of the reinforced gypsum board 20 below. This causes each notch 46 to pierce the end 21, securing the joint filler material 40 to the reinforced gypsum board 20 below.

Here, multiple bent notches 46 may be provided on both the upper and lower surfaces of the protruding piece 42 of the joint base material 40, and the joint base material 40 may be fixed to both the upper and lower edges 22 and 21 of the reinforced gypsum board 20 by the notches 46 on both the upper and lower surfaces.

By applying the joint-underlayment material 40 shown in the illustration, a portion of the protruding piece 42 becomes a second fixing member through bending. This eliminates the need for a second fixing member made of a separate component such as screws, further reducing construction costs and improving workability.

On the other hand, the example shown in Figure 8A is a configuration in which multiple bent notches 46 are continuously formed in the longitudinal direction of the protruding piece 42 of the joint-underlayment material 40, creating a single notch unit 47, and multiple notch units 47 are opened at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the protruding piece 42.

As shown in Figure 8B, in this configuration as well, the notched unit 47 is bent and erected via the third bending portion 47a (an example of a bending portion), thereby forming the second fixing member. In this configuration as well, multiple notched units 47 may be provided on both the upper and lower surfaces of the overhanging piece 42 of the joint-underlayment material 40.

On the other hand, the example shown in Figure 9A is a configuration in which multiple bent notches 48 are adjacent to each other to form a single unit, and multiple units are opened at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the protruding piece 42. Here, the bent notches 48 in the illustrated example also exhibit a V-shape.

As shown in Figure 9B, when each notch 48 is folded through the third bending portion 48a (an example of a bending portion), the lines connecting each third bending portion 48a form a closed polygon (a hexagon in the illustrated example). In this configuration as well, multiple units consisting of multiple notches 48 may be provided on both the upper and lower surfaces of the protruding piece 42 of the joint-underlayment material 40.

Furthermore, the example shown in Figure 10 is a configuration in which second fixing members 49, formed by double-sided tape, are provided at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction of the protruding piece 42. Here, the double-sided tape may be provided continuously along the longitudinal direction of the protruding piece 42. In addition to double-sided tape, the second fixing member 49 may also be an adhesive. Furthermore, for example, multiple double-sided tapes 49, as shown in the illustrated example, may be provided on one side of the protruding piece 42 (e.g., the bottom surface), and the other side of the protruding piece 42 (e.g., the top surface) may be provided with curved notches 46, 48, or continuous curved notches 47, as shown in Figures 7 to 9.

The illustrated fire-resistant partition wall 100 is formed with as few facing materials 20 as possible, resulting in good workability. Furthermore, since at least one end 22, 21 of two vertically adjacent facing materials 20 is fastened to the protruding piece 42 of the joint base material 40 with a second fixing member, the detachment and displacement of the joint base material 40 are suppressed, further improving workability. In addition, the joint base material 40 effectively suppresses hot air leakage from the horizontal joints 70 in the fire-resistant partition wall 100, resulting in a fire-resistant partition wall with excellent fire resistance.

Furthermore, because the joint base material 40 is fastened to at least one end 22, 21 of two vertically adjacent panel materials 20 with a second fixing member, when the first wall 30A and the second wall 30B of the fire-resistant partition wall 100 deform during an earthquake, the multiple panel materials 20 constituting each wall deform together as a single unit, for example, into a parallelogram. This suppresses the occurrence of wrinkles in the wallpaper or other materials (not shown) applied to the interior surface of the first wall 30A and the second wall 30B.

Furthermore, because the stud 10, the reinforced gypsum board 20, and the back piece 41 of the joint base material 40 are not fixed together by a common fixing member at the intersection of the three, more specifically, because the back piece 41 of the joint base material 40 is held between the stud 10 and the reinforced gypsum board 20 and is not fixed together, the influence of strain stress on the reinforced gypsum board 20 from the deformation caused by the thermal expansion of the stud 10 and the deformation caused by the thermal expansion of the joint base material 40 during a fire can be reduced. This effectively suppresses cracks that may occur in the reinforced gypsum board 20 during a fire.

Furthermore, other embodiments may exist in which other components are combined with the configurations described in the above embodiments, and this disclosure is not in any way limited to the configurations shown herein. In this regard, modifications are possible without departing from the spirit of this disclosure, and can be appropriately determined according to the application.

10: Stud 15: Upper runner (runner)
16: Lower runner (runner)
20: Surface materials (reinforced gypsum board, gypsum board)
21: Upper end surface (edge)
22: Lower end surface (edge)
23: Side end face 24: Chamfered portion 30A: First wall 30B: Second wall 40: Joint base material 41: Back piece 42: Overhanging piece 43: First bent portion 44: Second bent portion 45: Guide hole 46: Bent notch (notch)
46a: Third folding section (folding section)
47: Continuous curved cuts (cutting unit)
47a: Third folding section (folding section)
48: Curved cut (cut)
48a: Third folding section (folding section)
49: Double-sided tape 50: Screws (first fixing member)
55: Screw (second fixing member)
60: Vertical joint 70: Horizontal joint 100: Fire-resistant partition wall

Claims (11)

Multiple studs arranged at predetermined intervals,
A pair of walls sandwiching a plurality of the aforementioned studs, comprising a first wall and a second wall having vertical and horizontal joints, formed by a surface material consisting of a plurality of gypsum boards adjacent to each other in the horizontal and vertical directions, respectively, a fire-resistant partition wall made of a single sheet on both sides,
The stud is located on the back of the vertical joint.
In the aforementioned horizontal joint, a joint base material is provided which has a T-shaped cross-section perpendicular to its longitudinal direction, a back piece that contacts the back surface of the surface material, and an overhanging piece that extends from the back piece in the thickness direction of the surface material, and which has flame-retardant properties.
All of the aforementioned surface materials are fastened to the studs by first fixing members.
A fire-resistant partition wall in which at least one end of two vertically adjacent panels is fastened to the protruding piece by a second fixing member. The aforementioned facing material, the aforementioned joint base material, and the aforementioned studs are not fastened together by a common fixing member.
The fire-resistant partition wall according to claim 1, wherein the protruding piece is fastened to only one end of two vertically adjacent facing materials. The aforementioned facing material, the aforementioned joint base material, and the aforementioned studs are not fastened together by a common fixing member.
The fire-resistant partition wall according to claim 1, wherein the protruding piece is fastened to the ends of both of the two adjacent facing materials in the vertical direction. The fire-resistant partition wall according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second fixing member is a member driven into the wall from the side of the protruding piece toward the end. A fire-resistant partition wall according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein a guide hole is provided in the protruding piece and the second fixing member is driven in through the guide hole. The fire-resistant partition wall according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the second fixing member is a member formed by bending a curved notch provided in the protruding piece and then erecting it. The fire-resistant partition wall according to claim 6, wherein multiple bent notches are adjacent to each other, and the lines connecting each bent portion form a closed polygon. The fire-resistant partition wall according to claim 6, wherein the multiple curved notches are continuous in the longitudinal direction of the protruding piece. The fire-resistant partition wall according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second fixing member is an adhesive or double-sided tape. The fire-resistant partition wall according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second fixing member is a member driven in from the side of the protruding piece toward the end, and one of several types of adhesive or double-sided tape. The fire-resistant partition wall according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the facing material is reinforced gypsum board and has a thickness of 25 mm.