JP7839716B2 - simple structure - Google Patents

Description

This invention relates to simple structures such as carports.

Simple structures such as carports installed on residential properties have been known for some time. In such simple structures, there is a need for simplified construction.

In view of the circumstances described above, the present invention aims to provide a simple structure that can simplify construction.

To achieve the above objectives, the simple structure according to claim 1 comprises a girder, a gutter section, and an auxiliary gutter, wherein the girder has a cover plate attached to its lower part, the gutter section is provided on the inner circumference side of the girder, and the auxiliary gutter is provided on the lower part of the girder near the column and is hidden by the cover plate , and water flows from the gutter section to the auxiliary gutter through a hole provided on the side of the gutter section, and water flows from the auxiliary gutter to a downpipe provided along the column.

The simple structure according to claim 1 comprises a girder, a gutter section, and an auxiliary gutter. The girder has a cover plate attached to its lower part, the gutter section is provided on the inner circumference of the girder, and the auxiliary gutter is provided on the lower part of the girder near the column and is hidden by the cover plate . Water flows from the gutter section to the auxiliary gutter through holes provided on the side of the gutter section, and from the auxiliary gutter to a downpipe provided along the column. This makes the installation of the rain gutter easy and simplifies the construction process.

This is a front view showing a first embodiment of a simple structure. This is a plan view of the simplified structure. This is a side view of the same simple structure. This is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in Figure 1. This is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in Figure 2. This is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an enlarged view of the right side of Figure 5. This is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C in Figure 2. (a) is a cross-sectional view taken along line E-E in Figure 2, and (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line F-F in Figure 2. (a) is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D in Figure 2, and (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line G-G in Figure 9(a). This is a cross-sectional view taken along line H-H in Figure 9(a). (a) is a vertical cross-sectional view (cross-sectional view D-D in Figure 2) showing another embodiment of the rain gutter section, and (b) is a cross-sectional view I-I in Figure 11(a). This is a cross-sectional view taken along line J-J in Figure 11(a). This is a cross-sectional view showing an example where wall material is installed between the front and rear columns. (a) is a plan view showing an enlarged view of the corner between the front girder and the side girder, and (b) is a cross-sectional view of Figure 14(a) taken along the line K-K. This is a magnified longitudinal cross-section showing the lower part of the side girder. This is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the steps involved in installing the stopper plate. (a) is a front view of the stopper part, and (b) is a side view of the same. This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the simplified structure of the first embodiment, illustrating an example where a column is attached to the front girder. This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the simple structure of the first embodiment, illustrating an example where no ceiling material is installed below the roof. (a) is a plan view showing a second embodiment of the simple structure, (b) is a side view of the same simple structure, and (c) is a front view of the same simple structure. This is a cross-sectional view taken along line M-M in Figure 20(c). This is an N-N cross-sectional view in Figure 20(a). This is a cross-sectional view taken along line O-O in Figure 20(a). This is a front view showing a third embodiment of the simplified structure. (a) is a longitudinal section view showing the connection between the right-side column of one structure and the left-side girder of another structure, (b) is a side view thereof, and (c) is a P-P cross-section of Figure 25(a). This diagram shows the steps involved in connecting the right-hand column of one structure to the left-hand side beam of another structure. This is a front view showing a fourth embodiment of the simplified structure. This is a plan view of the simplified structure. This is a front view showing an enlarged view of the left side of the simple structure. This is a cross-sectional view taken along the line Q-Q in Figure 29.

The embodiments will be described below with reference to the drawings. Of the first to fourth embodiments described later, the embodiment of the invention described in claim 1 is the first embodiment, and the description relating to this invention is given in paragraphs [0019] to [0022].
Figures 1 to 15 show a first embodiment of the simple structure. As shown in Figure 1, this simple structure is applied to a carport for two passenger cars.
As shown in Figure 2, this simple structure forms a rectangular frame 4 by framing the front girder 1, rear girder 2, and left and right side girders 3, 3 around the perimeter. This frame 4 is supported by four columns 5, which are positioned towards the front and rear of the left and right side girders 3, 3, respectively. As shown in Figures 1 and 3, the front girder 1, rear girder 2, and left and right side girders 3, 3 are all arranged horizontally, and the four columns 5 are of the same length.
As shown in Figures 2 and 5, a central girder 6 is installed at the longitudinal center of the front girder 1 and rear girder 2, and a roof 7 is provided in the opening between the central girder 6 and the left and right side girders 3, 3. A ceiling 8 is provided below the roof 7.

The left and right side beams 3 are formed by cutting extruded aluminum alloy profiles to a predetermined length. As shown in Figures 6 and 9, they have a rectangular hollow section 9 and a U-shaped recess 10 with an open bottom, which is continuous in the longitudinal direction. Except for the portion where the column 5 is inserted, the recess 10 is closed by fitting a cover plate 11 from below. The bottom wall 10a of the recess 10 has a backing plate 13 for attaching the column fixing bracket 12 (see Figure 9) and a groove 15 for slidably holding the head of the bolt 14 in the longitudinal direction.

As shown in Figure 15, the side wall 15 that forms the recess 10 of the side girder 3 has a rectangular groove 16 formed at the top and a recessed groove 17 formed below it. The recessed groove 17 has a horizontal step 18 on the lower side and an inclined surface 19 that slopes inward on the upper side.
The fascia plate 11 has a locking portion 21 that protrudes outward from the upper end of the side wall 20, and a groove 22 is formed below it. When the fascia plate 11 is fitted into the recess 10 of the side girder 3 from below, the upper end of the side wall 20 is pressed against the inclined surface 19 of the side wall 15 of the side girder 3 and elastically deforms so that it bends inward. Once it overcomes the inclined surface 19, it returns to its original position and the locking portion 21 locks into the rectangular groove 16 of the side wall 15 of the side girder 3. In this way, the fascia plate 11 is fitted into the recess 10 of the side girder 3 so that it does not easily come off.

Furthermore, in this simple structure, a joint plate fall prevention component 23 is provided between the side wall 15 of the side girder 3 and the side wall 20 of the joint plate 11 to prevent the joint plate 11 from falling. The joint plate fall prevention component 23 is formed by pressing a thin stainless steel plate, and as shown in Figure 17, it is formed in a roughly I-shape with a vertical piece 24 and an inwardly inclined locking piece 25.
The joint plate fall prevention component 23 is inserted from below into the gap between the side wall 15 of the side girder 3 and the side wall 20 of the joint plate 11 after the joint plate 11 has been attached to the recess 10 of the side girder 3, as shown in Figure 16(a). When inserted, the joint plate fall prevention component 23 elastically deforms so that the locking piece 25 is almost vertical, as shown in Figure 16(b). When the locking piece 25 reaches the space between the groove 17 of the side wall 15 of the side girder 3 and the groove 22 of the side wall 20 of the joint plate 11, the locking piece 25 returns to an inclined state, as shown in Figure 16(c). The upper end of the locking piece 25 locks into the upper step portion 26 of the groove 22 of the side wall 20 of the joint plate 11, and the lower end of the locking piece 25 locks into the lower step portion 18 of the groove 17 of the side wall 15 of the side girder 3, thereby preventing the joint plate 11 from falling. This reliably prevents the joint plate 11 from falling. Multiple sill plate fall prevention parts 23 are provided at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the sill plate 11.

As shown in Figure 15, this simple structure comprises a girder (side girder) 3, a joint plate 11, and a joint plate fall prevention component 23. The girder 3 has a recess 10 on its lower side, and the joint plate 11 is fitted into the recess 10 of the girder 3. The joint plate fall prevention component 23 is inserted from below between the side wall 15 of the girder 3 and the side wall 20 of the joint plate 11. Its upper end engages with a stepped portion 26 provided on the side wall 20 of the joint plate 11, and its lower end engages with a stepped portion 18 provided on the side wall 15 of the girder 3, thereby preventing the joint plate 11 from falling. Therefore, by simply fitting the joint plate 11 into the recess 10 and then inserting the joint plate fall prevention component 23 from below between the side wall 15 of the girder 3 and the side wall 20 of the joint plate 11, the joint plate 11 can be reliably prevented from falling, simplifying construction.
The fascia plate fall prevention component 23 has a locking piece 25 that engages with the fascia plate 11 and the stepped portions 26 and 18 of the side beam 3. When the locking piece 25 is inserted between the side beam 3 and the side walls 15 and 20 of the fascia plate 11, it is almost vertical, and once inserted, it engages with the fascia plate 11 and the stepped portions 26 and 18 of the side beam 3 in an inclined state. This makes it easy to install the fascia plate fall prevention component 23 and reliably prevents the fascia plate 11 from falling.
Furthermore, the invention relating to the top plate fall prevention component 23 described above is also applicable to the second to fourth embodiments described later.

As shown in Figure 5, the central girder 6 is formed from an extruded aluminum alloy profile with the same cross-sectional shape as the side girders 3. As shown in Figures 2 and 8, the central girder 6 has its longitudinal end faces in contact with the rear surface of the front girder 1 and the front surface of the rear girder 2, and is fixed using U-shaped connecting fittings 27.

As shown in Figure 7, the front girder 1 and rear girder 2 are formed from extruded aluminum alloy profiles with substantially the same cross-sectional shape as the side girder 3, and have a rectangular hollow section 9 and a U-shaped recess 10 with an open bottom, which are continuous in the longitudinal direction. Furthermore, covers 28 are attached to the outer circumferential sides of the front girder 1 and rear girder 2. The covers 28 are formed from extruded aluminum alloy profiles and cover the outer circumferential sides of the front girder 1 and rear girder 2. The covers 28 are attached by engaging hook-shaped locking pieces 29, which are provided on the back side at vertical intervals, with grooves 30 formed on the outer circumferential sides of the front girder 1 and rear girder 2, and by placing an inward-facing piece 31 provided at the upper end on the upper surface of the front girder 1 and rear girder 2 and fixing it with screws 32.
As shown in Figure 2, the front girder 1 and the rear girder 2 have their longitudinal end faces in contact with the inner circumferential surfaces of the left and right side girders 3, 3, and are fixed using U-shaped connecting fittings (not shown) similar to the central girder 6.
The covers 28 attached to the outer periphery sides of the front girder 1 and rear girder 2 protrude laterally beyond the longitudinal end faces of the front girder 1 and rear girder 2, and the longitudinal end faces of the left and right side girders 3, 3 are hidden by the covers 28.

As shown in Figure 14, resin caps 33 are attached to the corners between the front girder 1 and the side girder 3, and between the rear girder 2 and the side girder 3. These caps 33 cover the edges of the cover 28. The caps 33 are fitted onto the corners from the outside and secured with screws 34 from above.

As shown in Figure 2, this simple structure comprises a frame 4 comprising a pair of side girders 3, 3, a front girder 1, and a rear girder 2, and a cover 28. The front girder 1 and rear girder 2 have their longitudinal end faces in contact with the inner circumferential surfaces of the side girders 3, 3. The cover 28 is attached to the outer circumferential surfaces of the front girder 1 and rear girder 2. Because the longitudinal end faces of the side girders 3, 3 are concealed by the cover 28, there is no need to individually attach caps to the longitudinal end faces of the side girders 3, 3, thus simplifying construction. The continuous coverage of the longitudinal end faces of the side girders 3, 3 and the outer circumferential surfaces of the front girder 1 and rear girder 2 by the cover 28 also improves aesthetic appeal.

In the above-described embodiment, the cover 28 was attached only to the outer periphery sides of the front beam 1 and rear beam 2. However, the cover 28 can also be attached to the outer periphery sides of the left and right side beams 3, 3 in the same way as the front beam 1 and rear beam 2, so that the entire periphery of the frame 4 is surrounded by the cover 28. Furthermore, the aesthetic appeal can be further enhanced by applying a laminate sheet with a wood grain pattern or the like to the cover 28.
Furthermore, the invention relating to the cover 28 described above is also applicable to the second to fourth embodiments described later.

The column 5 is formed from an extruded aluminum alloy profile and, as shown in Figure 9, consists of a column body 36 having rectangular groove-shaped recesses 35 along its longitudinal direction on its front and rear surfaces, a cover plate 37 fitted into the recesses 35, and a downpipe cover 38 attached to the front surface of the column body 36. Note that the downpipe cover 38 is attached only to the rear column 5 (see Figure 4).
As shown in Figures 9 and 10, a roughly U-shaped column fixing bracket 12 is attached to the side beam 3 by a backing plate 13, bolts 14 and nuts 39, and abuts against the bottom wall 10a of the recess 10. The column 5 is connected and fixed to the underside of the side beam 3 by inserting the column fixing bracket 12 into the hollow part of the column body 36, while the upper end of the column body 36 is swallowed into the recess 10 of the side beam 3, and the upper end surface of the column body 36 abuts against the bottom wall 10a of the recess 10 of the side beam 3, and screws 40 inserted from the front and rear are screwed into the female screw holes formed in the column fixing bracket 12. The screws 40 are hidden by the cover plate 37.
The mounting position of column 5 can be changed along the longitudinal direction of the side beam 3. Furthermore, column 5 can be attached to either the front beam 1 or the rear beam 2.

As shown in Figures 2, 5, and 7, the roof 7 is installed at an angle so that the side of the side beams 3 is lower at each opening between the central beam 6 and the left and right side beams 3, 3. Specifically, as shown in Figure 5, rafter hangers 41 are attached to the higher positions on the left and right sides of the central beam 6, gutter members (gutter sections) 42 are attached to the lower positions on the inner sides of the left and right side beams 3, 3, gable rafters 43 and rafters 44 are installed between the rafter hangers 41 and gutter members 42 at intervals in the left-right direction (see Figure 2), and resin roof panels 45 are installed between the gable rafters 43 and rafters 44, and between the rafters 44 themselves.
As shown in Figure 8(a), locking members 46 are attached to the left and right sides of the central beam 6 with screws in order to attach the rafter hangers 41, and the rafter hangers 41 are hooked onto the locking members 46 and fixed below the locking members 46 with screws 47. The locking members 46 are long members formed from extruded aluminum alloy profiles.
Furthermore, as shown in Figure 9, a locking member 46 is similarly attached to the inner circumferential surface of the side girder 3 with screws in order to attach the gutter member 42, and the gutter member 42 is hooked onto the locking member 46 and fixed above the locking member 46 with screws 48.

As shown in Figures 9 and 10, an auxiliary gutter 49 is provided in a recess 10 at the bottom of the side girder 3 near the rear column 5. The auxiliary gutter 49 is a flat rectangular tubular member formed from an extruded aluminum alloy profile, with open sides on both sides facing the side walls 15, 15 of the recess 10 of the side girder 3, and has screw insertion grooves 50 on the front and rear walls (see Figure 10). As shown in Figure 9, the auxiliary gutter 49 has its open right side in contact with the outer wall of the gutter member 42, and a cover 51 is placed on the left side, and it is fixed to the outer wall of the gutter member 42 with screws 52 inserted through the screw insertion grooves 50. A horizontally elongated rectangular hole 53 is formed in the outer wall of the gutter member 42 (see Figure 10), and rainwater accumulated in the gutter member 42 flows from the hole 53 into the auxiliary gutter 49. The inner side wall 15 of the recess 10 of the side girder 3 and the inner side wall 20 of the cover plate 11 have notches in the parts that interfere with the auxiliary gutter 49. The auxiliary gutter 49 is hidden from view by the cover plate 11 when viewed from below.
As shown in Figure 9, a drainage component 54 is attached to the lower surface of the auxiliary gutter 49, and the outlet of the drainage component 54 is inserted into the upper end of a downpipe 55 that is installed along the front side of the column 5. Therefore, rainwater that flows from the gutter member 42 to the auxiliary gutter 49 flows through the drainage component 54 to the downpipe 55 and is drained through the downpipe 55. The downpipe 55 is housed inside the downpipe cover 38 of the column 5, and the downpipe 55 is not visible from the outside.

Figures 11 and 12 show another embodiment of the rain gutter section. The column 5 is composed of a column body 36 having recesses 35 on its front and rear sides, and a cover plate 56 that is fitted into the recesses 35 of the column body 36. The cover plate 56 is formed in a hollow shape and also serves as a downspout.
In the recess 10 at the bottom of the girder 3 near the rear column 5, an auxiliary gutter 49 is provided, similar to the embodiment described earlier. The auxiliary gutter 49 is a flat, rectangular tubular member formed from an extruded aluminum alloy profile. Its left and right sides, which face the side walls 15, 15 on both sides of the recess 10 of the girder 3, are open, and it has tapping holes 57 on the inside of the front and rear walls (see Figure 12). As shown in Figure 11, the auxiliary gutter 49 is fixed by a screw 58 that is screwed into the tapping hole 57, with its open right side in contact with the outer wall of the gutter member 42. The left side of the auxiliary gutter 49 is covered with a lid 51. A horizontally elongated rectangular hole 53 is formed in the outer wall of the gutter member 42 (see Figure 12), and rainwater accumulated in the gutter member 42 flows from the hole 53 into the auxiliary gutter 49. The auxiliary gutter 49 is hidden from view by the cover plate 11 when viewed from below.
As shown in Figures 11(b) and 12, a drainage component 54 is attached to the rear wall of the auxiliary gutter 49 facing the column 5, and the outlet of the drainage component 54 is inserted into the upper end of a cover plate 56 attached to the front side of the column 5. Therefore, rainwater that flows from the gutter member 42 to the auxiliary gutter 49 flows through the drainage component 54 to the cover plate 56 and is drained through the cover plate 56.

Figure 13 shows an example where wall materials (decorative boards) 59, 59 are installed on the inside and outside between the front and rear columns 5, 5. The downpipe 55 is installed along the front side of the rear column 5, similar to the embodiments shown in Figures 9 and 10 described earlier, and the downpipe 55 is hidden by the wall materials 59, 59.

As shown in Figures 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13, this simple structure comprises a girder (side girder) 3, a gutter section (gutter member) 42, and an auxiliary gutter 49. The gutter section 42 is provided on the inner circumference side of the girder 3, and the auxiliary gutter 49 is provided on the lower part of the girder 3 near the column 5. Water flows from the gutter section 42 to the auxiliary gutter 49 through a hole 53 provided on the side of the gutter section 42, and from the auxiliary gutter 49 to a downpipe (downpipe 55, cover plate 56) provided along the column 5. This makes the installation of the rain gutter easy and simplifies construction.
Furthermore, since the gutter section 42 is provided on the inner circumference side of the beam 3, the gutter section 42 is not exposed to the outside, and the auxiliary gutter 49 is also housed in the recess 10 at the bottom of the beam 3 and hidden by the cover plate 11. The downpipes 55 and 56 are housed inside the column 5 (see Figures 9 and 11), or installed between the wall materials 59 and 59 provided on the inside and outside between the columns 5 and 5 (see Figure 13), so the rain gutters are not exposed to the outside, resulting in a clean and neat exterior design.
In the embodiment shown in Figures 11 and 12, the column 5 has a recess 35 along its longitudinal direction on its side, and the downpipe (cover plate) 56 is housed in the recess 35, so the column 5 does not become thicker, and the design is further improved.
Furthermore, the invention relating to the auxiliary gutter 49 described above is also applicable to the second to fourth embodiments described later.

As shown in Figures 5-7, under the roof 7, base materials 61 for attaching the ceiling material 60 are provided at intervals in the front-to-back direction. The ceiling material 60, as shown in Figure 5, is a panel formed from an extruded aluminum alloy profile. The panel 60 is arranged parallel to the side beams 3 and installed between the pair of side beams 3, 3 in a line along the longitudinal direction of the front and rear beams 1, 2 (see Figure 4). The panels 60 are installed sequentially from right to left.

As shown in Figure 7, the ceiling material 60 extends below the front beam 1 and rear beam 2, concealing the front beam 1 and rear beam 2. A trim piece 62 is attached to the recess 10 of the front beam 1 and rear beam 2, along the outer side wall, concealing the end of the ceiling material 60.

Figure 18 shows an example where the column 5 is attached to the front beam 1 or rear beam 2 (see Figure 27). In this case, the ceiling material 60 is cut in front of the column 5, and the end of the ceiling material 60 is concealed by a trim piece 62 attached to the inner surface of the column 5. The recess 10 of the front beam 1 or rear beam 2 is closed by attaching a cover plate 11. The trim piece 62 can also be attached to the inner side surface of the front beam 1 or rear beam 2.

As shown in Figures 4, 5, and 7, this simple structure comprises a frame 4 that frames a pair of side beams 3, 3, a front beam 1, and a rear beam 2 on all four sides, a roof 7 provided on the inner side of the frame 4, and ceiling material 60 attached to the underside of the roof 7. The ceiling material 60 is arranged parallel to the side beams 3, 3 and is installed between the pair of side beams 3, 3 in the longitudinal direction of the front and rear beams 1, 2. This reduces the number of ceiling materials 60 required compared to when the ceiling material 60 is arranged parallel to the front and rear beams 1, 2, thus simplifying construction. This is particularly effective for single-car carports and walkway shelters, where the depth dimension is longer than the width dimension.
The ceiling material 60 extends below the front beam 1 and rear beam 2 (see Figure 7), so when the ceiling 8 is viewed from below, the front beam 1 and rear beam 2 are hidden by the ceiling material 60 and are not visible, resulting in a good aesthetic appearance.
Furthermore, a column 5 is attached to either the front beam 1 or the rear beam 2, and a trim piece 62 is attached to the inner perimeter of the beam 1 or 2 to which the column 5 is attached, or to the inner perimeter of the column 5, and the end of the ceiling material 60 is hidden by the trim piece 62 (see Figure 18), so even when the column 5 is attached to either the front beam 1 or the rear beam 2, the design is aesthetically pleasing.
Furthermore, the invention relating to the ceiling material 60 described above is also applicable to the third and fourth embodiments described later.

The panels 60 of the ceiling 8 are installed sequentially from right to left. As shown in Figure 6, the rightmost panel (the other panel) 60b of the two adjacent panels 60, 60 has a mounting portion 63 to the base material 61, a contact portion 64 located to the right (other side) of the mounting portion 63, and a locking portion 65 located to the left (one side) of the mounting portion 63, all continuous at its left end (one side end) 106. The contact portion 64 is an inclined surface that slopes downward toward the right. The leftmost panel (the first panel) 60a has a locking portion 66 provided on the base material 61 side, and a projection (contact portion) 104 located spaced apart from the locking portion 66 and to the right (other side) of the locking portion 66 at its right end (other side end) 105. The projection 104 is located at the right end (other side end) of the leftmost panel 60a. The left panel 60a is then attached by locking its locking portion 66 to the locking portion 65 of the right panel 60b from the left side, and then bringing the tip of the projection 104 into contact with the contact portion 64 of the right panel 60b, before fixing the mounting portion 63 to the base material 61 with screws 67.

Thus, as shown in Figure 6, the ceiling (ceiling structure) 8 of this simple structure comprises one panel (left panel) 60a and another panel (right panel) 60b, and the other panel 60b has an attachment portion 63 to the base material 61, a contact portion 64 located on the other side of the attachment portion 63, and a locking portion 65 located on one side of the attachment portion 63 at one end 106, and the contact portion 64 is an inclined surface, and the first panel 60 Panel a has a locking portion 66 on the base material 61 side and a contact portion (protrusion) 104 on the other side of the locking portion 66 at the other end 105, and the locking portion 66 of one panel 60a is locked to the locking portion 65 of the other panel 60b, and the contact portion 104 of one panel 60a is in contact with the contact portion 64 of the other panel 60b, so that the panel 60 can be attached easily and stably, thus simplifying the construction.
In other words, because the locking portion 65 of the other panel 60b is located on one side of the mounting portion 63, it is easier to lock the locked portion 66 of one panel 60a to the locking portion 65 of the other panel 60b when mounting the first panel 60a. Furthermore, because the contact portion 64 of the other panel 60b is an inclined surface, the contact portion 104 of the first panel 60a comes into contact with the inclined surface and is pulled downward, which restricts the vertical flapping of the other end portion 105 of the first panel 60a. As a result, the panel 60 can be mounted easily and stably.
The other panel 60b has a mounting portion 63 for attachment to the base material 61, a contact portion 64 located on the other side of the mounting portion 63, and a locking portion 65 located on one side of the mounting portion 63, all connected to one end portion 106. This simplifies the shape of the one end portion 106, making it less likely for water and debris to accumulate.
Furthermore, since the contact portion 104 of one panel 60a is spaced apart from the locking portion 66 on the other side, it is easy to lock the locking portion 66 to the locking portion 65 of the other panel 60b and to bring the contact portion 104 into contact with the contact portion 64 of the other panel 60b, thereby improving the mountability and stability of the panel 60.
Furthermore, the invention relating to the ceiling 8 described above is also applicable to the second to fourth embodiments described later.

As shown in Figure 6, an end panel 68 is provided on the right side of the ceiling 8. The end panel 68 has a starter 69 and an adjustment 70. The starter 69 is positioned to the right of the rightmost panel 60, which is the first to be installed, and has a mounting portion 63 for attachment to the base material 61, a contact portion 64, and a locking portion 65, similar in shape to the left end of the panel 60.
The adjustment member 70 is positioned on the other side (right side) of the start member 69 and has an attachment portion 71 to the base material 61 and a side wall 72 extending to the left from the lower edge of the attachment portion 71. The side wall 72 overlaps the start member 69 and the lower edge of the rightmost panel 60, which is attached by locking into the locking portion 65 of the start member 69, so that the start member 69 and the edge of the panel 60 are hidden by the side wall 72. The attachment portion 71 is formed in the shape of a U-shaped groove with the lower side open. The attachment portion 71 is screwed to the base material 61 from below with screws 73, and a cover plate 74 is attached to close the groove of the attachment portion 71.
A cover material 75 is attached to the underside of the gutter member 42. The cover material 75 conceals the gutter member 42 and also seals the gap between the end panel 68 and the joint plate 11 of the side girder 3. The cover material 75 is made of the same shape as the adjustment material 70 of the end panel 68 and is attached in a symmetrical orientation.
As shown in Figure 5, an adjustment member 70 is also attached to the left end of the ceiling 8, and the side wall 72 of the adjustment member 70 overlaps below the left edge of the leftmost panel 60, which is the last to be installed, so that the edge of the panel 60 is hidden by the side wall 72. By providing adjustment members 70 at both the left and right ends in this way, the ceiling 8 has a symmetrical design.

Next, we will explain the construction procedure for the ceiling 8. First, the underlayment material 61 is installed under the roof 7.
Next, the starter material 69 is screwed to the base material 61 and attached to the designated position on the right side.
Next, the locking portion 66 formed on the right end of the panel 60 is locked from the side to the locking portion 65 of the start material 69, the right end of the panel 60 is brought into contact with the contact portion 64 of the start material 69, and the mounting portion 63 formed on the left end of the panel 60 is screwed to the base material 61 to attach the panel 60.
After that, panels 60 are sequentially attached to the left side of the installed panel 60 in the same manner.
Once all panels 60 are installed, attach the adjustment piece 70 to the right side of the start piece 69, concealing the edges of the start piece 69 and the rightmost panel 60 with the adjustment piece 70. Also, attach the adjustment piece 70 to the left side of the leftmost panel 60, concealing the edge of the leftmost panel 60.
After that, a cover material 75 is attached to the bottom of the gutter member 42.

As shown in Figure 6, the ceiling (ceiling structure) 8 of this simple structure comprises panels 60, 60, ... that are installed in a row, and an end panel 68. The end panel 68 has a starter 69 and an adjustment member 70. The starter 69 is positioned on the panel 60 side and locks onto the edge of the end panel 60. The adjustment member 70 is positioned further towards the end than the starter 69 and hides the starter 69 and the edge of the end panel 60 that is locked onto the starter 69. This allows for flexible adaptation to differences in dimensions in the direction in which the panels 60 are arranged, thus simplifying construction.
In other words, even if the dimensions of the roof 7 change, or if there are dimensional errors in the panels 60, or if there are construction errors in the installation of the panels 60, these dimensional differences can be absorbed by changing the overlap between the end panels 60 and the adjustment material 70, making it easier to construct the ceiling 8.
The adjustment material 70 has a good aesthetic appearance because the mounting screws 73 are hidden by the cover plate 74.
Furthermore, the invention relating to the ceiling 8 described above is also applicable to the second to fourth embodiments described later.

Figure 19 shows a modified example of the simplified structure of the first embodiment, illustrating a case where no ceiling 8 is provided below the roof 7. The recess 10 at the bottom of the side beam 3 is closed with a cover plate 11, except for the portion where the column 5 is embedded. The cover plate 11 is lower in height than that used when a ceiling 8 is provided, and its underside is flush with the lower edge of the side beam 3. A lighting fixture 76 is attached to the cover plate 11, utilizing the space within the recess 10 for wiring. The recesses 10 of the front beam 1 and rear beam 2 are also closed with cover plates 11, similar to the side beam 3. Note that the same lighting fixture 76 can also be attached to the cover plate 11 when a ceiling 8 is provided.

Figures 20-23 show a second embodiment of the simple structure. This simple structure is applied to a carport for one passenger car.
As shown in Figure 20, this simple structure is constructed by framing the front girder 1, rear girder 2, and left and right side girders 3, 3 around the perimeter to form a rectangular frame 4, with an intermediate girder 77 installed at a position towards the rear between the side girders 3, 3. The intermediate girder 77 is supported by a single column 5 at its longitudinal middle section, and the left and right side girders 3, 3 are each supported by a single column 5 at a position towards the front. In other words, this simple structure is supported by a total of three columns: two columns 5, 5 positioned at the front and one column 5 positioned at the rear. The rear column 5 can be moved in the longitudinal direction of the intermediate girder 77 within a range that maintains strength as a carport. When a ceiling 8 is attached below the roof 7, the column 5 is attached at approximately the center of the longitudinal direction of the intermediate girder 77 due to the shape of the ceiling 8's panel 60, but when there is no ceiling 8, the column 5 can be moved to the left or right relative to the longitudinal center of the intermediate girder 77. The front column 5, like the rear column 5, can also be moved to a position along the longitudinal direction of the side beam 3, as long as it does not maintain the strength of the carport.

As shown in Figure 20, this simple structure has only one column 5 at the rear, and since the position of each column 5 can be moved, even if there are obstacles on the ground that prevent the erection of four columns 5, the structure can be installed by positioning the columns 5 to avoid the obstacles, thus enabling efficient use of the site.

Within the frame 4 enclosed by the front beam 1, the rear beam 2, and the left and right side beams 3, 3, the roof 7 is installed with a slope such that the left side beam 3 is lower, as shown in Figure 23. Specifically, as shown in Figure 23, a rafter hanger 41 is attached to a high position on the side of the right side beam 3, and a gutter member 42 is attached to a low position on the left side beam 3. As shown in Figure 22, gable rafters 43 are attached to the rear side of the front beam 1, the front and rear sides of the intermediate beam 77, and the front side of the rear beam 2. Rafters 44 are installed between the front beam 1 and the intermediate beam 77, spanning between the rafter hanger 41 and the gutter member 42, at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the side beams 3. Resin roof panels 45 are installed between the gable rafters 43, between the gable rafters 43 and rafters 44, and between the rafters 44. In this way, by attaching the gable rafters 43 to the front and rear sides of the intermediate beam 77, the roof 7 can be easily constructed in the opening of the frame 4 partitioned by the intermediate beam 77.

As shown in Figure 22, the pitch P between the center of the rear beam 2 and the center of the intermediate beam 77, the pitch P between the center of the intermediate beam 77 and the center of the adjacent rafter 44, the pitch P between the center of the front beam 1 and the center of the rafter 44, and the pitch P between the centers of the rafters 44 are all the same. In other words, the intermediate beam 77 is positioned where the rafters 44 would normally be attached. This simplifies construction because the processing of the members does not change significantly even when an intermediate beam 77 is installed.

Below the roof 7, a ceiling 8 is provided, similar to the first embodiment, as shown in Figures 22 and 23. The panels 60 of the ceiling 8 are arranged parallel to the side girders 3, 3, and are mounted between the pair of side girders 3, 3 in a longitudinal direction along the front and rear girders 1, 2. Notches 78 are provided at the positions of the columns 5 that support the intermediate girder 77 (see Figure 21).

As shown in Figure 20, this simple structure comprises a pair of side girders 3, 3, a front girder 1, a rear girder 2, an intermediate girder 77, and columns 5, 5, 5. The pair of side girders 3, 3 and the front girder 1 and rear girder 2 form a framework around the four sides, with the intermediate girder 77 installed between the side girders 3, 3 on one side in the longitudinal direction, and rafters 43, 44 installed at intervals between the side girders 3, 3. The middle section of the intermediate girder 77 in the longitudinal direction is supported by one column 5, and the other side of the pair of side girders 3, 3 in the longitudinal direction is supported by one column 5 each. This reduces the number of columns 5, thus simplifying construction. Furthermore, even if there are obstacles on the ground, the simple structure can be installed by positioning the columns 5 to avoid those obstacles, thus enabling effective use of the site.
In this simplified structure, the pitch P between the rafters 44 is the same as the pitch P between the intermediate beam 77 and the rafters 44, and the intermediate beam 77 can be freely attached to the position where the rafters 44 are attached, thus simplifying the construction when an intermediate beam 77 is installed.

Figures 24 and 25 show a third embodiment of the simple structure. This simple structure comprises one structure 79 and another structure 80 arranged side by side in the width direction. The first structure 79 is a carport for one passenger car, while the other structure 80 is a multi-roof used as an approach to the entrance or as a terrace roof. The heights of the first structure 79 and the other structure 80 are adjusted according to their respective uses and the conditions of the installation location, resulting in different heights for the beams 1, 2, 3, 3 from the ground G and the roofs 7 attached to the beams 1, 2, 3, 3.

The first structure 79 and the other structure 80 can be used as a carport, bicycle port, approach, or gate roof. The heights of the first structure 79 and the other structure 80 are adjusted according to their respective uses, and may also be adjusted depending on the difference in ground level G on which they are installed. For example, if the approach in front of the entrance is elevated by stairs or similar, and the ground level G is higher than the parking space, the roof of the approach may be higher than that of the carport.

In the first structure 79, similar to the first embodiment, a rectangular frame 4 is formed by framing the front beam 1, the rear beam 2, and the left and right side beams 3, 3 around the perimeter, and a roof 7 is installed within the frame 4, sloping so that the left side beam 3 is lower. The left and right side beams 3, 3 are supported by two columns 5, respectively, located at the front and rear positions.
The other structure 80 has a rectangular frame 4 formed by framing the front beam 1, rear beam 2, and left and right side beams 3, 3 around its perimeter, and a roof 7 is installed within the frame 4, sloping so that the right side beam 3 is lower. The right side beam 3 is supported by two columns 5 located at the front and rear positions, and the left side beam 3 is supported by a bracket 81 on the side of the column 5 that supports the right side beam 3 of the first structure 79. As a result, this simple structure requires a total of eight columns 5, four for the first structure 79 and four for the other structure 80, but by supporting the left side beam 3 of the other structure 80 with the column 5 that supports the right side beam 3 of the first structure 79, it requires only six columns 5.

As shown in Figure 25, the bracket 81 has a bracket body 82 attached to the side of the column 5 and a back plate 83 provided inside the column 5. Inside the column 5, a back plate holding portion 84 is provided to hold the back plate 83 so that it can slide in the longitudinal direction of the column 5. A screw (locking portion) 85 is attached to the side of the column 5, protruding into the column 5 from the outside. The back plate 83 is positioned by locking its lower edge to the screw 85. As shown in Figure 25(b), the back plate 83 has a notched lower portion 86 into which the screw 85 engages. This ensures that the screw 85 fits within the space where the bracket body 82 is attached and does not protrude from the bracket body 82.

The bracket body 82 is formed by bending a metal plate into a roughly U-shape and has an upper horizontal wall 87, a lower horizontal wall 88, and a vertical wall 89. The bracket body 82 is attached to the side of the column 5 by bolts 90 that are screwed into a back plate 83, with the vertical wall 89 abutting against the side of the column 5.
The left-side girder 3 of the other structure 80 is inserted from the side between the upper side wall 87 and the lower side wall 88 of the bracket body 82, the upper side wall 87 is fixed to the upper wall of the girder 3 with bolts 91 from above, and the lower side wall 88 is fixed to the bracket body 82 by a backing plate 13 held in the bottom wall 10a of the recess 10 of the girder 3 with bolts 14 and nuts 39. The vertical wall 89 of the bracket body 82 has its side edge bent toward the girder 3 to form a wall 92, which closes the gap between the column 5 and the girder 3 and hides the heads of the bolts 90 that fix the bracket body 82 to the column 5.
The bracket 81 can be freely positioned to be attached to the column 5 in the longitudinal direction.

Next, the procedure for attaching the bracket 81 to the column 5 and for holding the side beam 3 of another structure 80 to the bracket 81 will be explained.
First, as shown in Figure 26(a), a screw 85 for positioning the backing plate is attached to the side of the column 5, and then the backing plate 83 is inserted into the column 5 by engaging it with the backing plate holding portion 84 of the column 5 from the upper end of the column 5. The inserted backing plate 83 is held by the backing plate holding portion 84 and slides downward by its own weight, and the locking portion 86 provided at the bottom engages with the screw 85, thereby positioning it at a predetermined height.
Next, the vertical wall 89 of the bracket body 82 is pressed against the side of the column 5, and the bolt 90 inserted from the side is screwed into the back plate 83 to fix the bracket body 82 to the side of the column 5.
Subsequently, as shown in Figure 26(c), the side beam 3 is inserted between the upper side wall 87 and the lower side wall 88 of the bracket body 82, the upper side wall 87 is fixed to the upper wall of the side beam 3 with bolts 91, and the lower side wall 88 is fixed to the bottom wall 10a of the recess 10 of the side beam 3 with a backing plate 13, bolts 14 and nuts 39.

As shown in Figure 24, this simple structure comprises one structure 79 and another structure 80, which are of different heights and are arranged side by side in the width direction. Each has girders 1, 2, and 3 and a roof 7. The girders (side girders) 3 of the lower structure 80 are attached to the sides of the columns 5 that support the girders (side girders) 3 of the higher structure 79. By adjusting the heights of the first structure 79 and the other structure 80 according to their respective uses and the conditions of the installation site, it is possible to construct a simple structure that suits the shape of the site, the layout of the building, and the purpose of installation. Moreover, since the number of columns 5 can be reduced compared to installing the two structures individually, construction can be simplified.
The structures 79 and 80 are either carports, bicycle ports, approaches, or gate roofs, and by freely combining these structures 79 and 80 with adjustable heights, a simple structure suited to the purpose of installation can be provided. Furthermore, by adjusting the height of each structure 79 and 80 according to the difference in ground level G at the installation site between one structure 79 and the other structures 80, a simple structure suited to the conditions of the installation site can be provided.
This simplified structure comprises one structure 79 and another structure 80 arranged side by side, and a bracket 81 connecting the two structures. The first structure 79 is taller than the other structure 80, and both the first structure 79 and the other structure 80 have beams 1, 2, and 3 and a roof 7, respectively. The bracket 81 is attached to the side of the column 5 that supports the beam 3 of the first structure 79, and the beam 3 of the other structure 80 is held by the bracket 81, thereby simplifying the construction of the two structures 79 and 80, which are of different heights.
Since the bracket 81 can be freely attached to the column 5 of one structure 79 in the longitudinal direction, it can flexibly accommodate changes in the height of other structures 80.

As shown in Figures 25 and 26, this simple structure comprises a column 5 and a bracket 81 for connecting another structure 80 to the column 5. The bracket 81 has a bracket body 82 attached to the side of the column 5 and a backing plate 83 provided inside the column 5. The backing plate 83 is held so as to be slidable in the longitudinal direction of the column 5 and is positioned by engaging with a locking part (screw) 85 that protrudes from the outside of the column 5 into the column 5. This allows the backing plate 83, which is placed inside the column 5, to be easily positioned in the predetermined location, thus simplifying the installation of the bracket 81 and streamlining construction.
The back plate 83 has a notch at the bottom where the locking portion 86 engages with the locking portion 85, so that the locking portion 85 fits into the space where the bracket body 82 is mounted and the locking portion 85 does not protrude from the bracket body 82.
Furthermore, since the bracket body 82 has a wall 92 that hides the bolts 90 used to fix the bracket body 82 to the column 5, the bolts 90 are not exposed, improving the aesthetic appearance.

Furthermore, the method for positioning the backing plate 83 within the column 5 described above can also be used to position backing plates placed within girders 1, 2, and 3 in the longitudinal direction of girders 1, 2, and 3. For example, in the first embodiment, as shown in Figure 8, backing plates 93 for the connecting fittings 27 for attaching the central girder 6 are slidably held inside the front girder 1 and rear girder 2 in the longitudinal direction of the front girder 1 and rear girder 2, with screws 85 protruding from the outside of the front girder 1 and rear girder 2 into the interior of the front girder 1 and rear girder 2. The backing plate 93 is then inserted from the end of the front girder 1 and rear girder 2 and slid, and the locking portion 86, which is provided by cutting out the side edge of the backing plate 93, is locked onto the screws 85, thereby positioning the backing plate 93 at a predetermined position in the longitudinal direction of the front girder 1 and rear girder 2.

Figures 27-30 show a fourth embodiment of the simple structure. This simple structure combines a carport 94 and a screen (decorative material) 95.
As shown in Figures 27 and 28, this simple structure has a gate-shaped frame at the front, with a front beam 1 supported at both ends by columns 5, 5. A U-shaped frame in plan view, consisting of a pair of side beams 3, 3 and a rear beam 2, is connected to the right side of the rear surface of the front beam 1. A roof 7 is attached to the opening formed by the front beam 1, the rear beam 2 and the pair of side beams 3, 3 to form a carport 94. The pair of side beams 3, 3 are supported by columns 5 at the rear.

The front beam 1, as in the embodiments described above, has a rectangular hollow section 9 and a U-shaped recess 10 with an open lower section, continuous in the longitudinal direction, as shown in Figure 30. The upper end of the column 5 is fitted into the recess 10 of the front beam 1 and secured with a column fixing bracket 12 (see Figures 9 and 10).

As shown in Figure 27, the screen 95 is installed adjacent to the left column 5, extending from below the front beam 1 towards the ground G. As shown in Figure 29, the screen 95 is constructed by arranging two lattice units 96, 96 side by side.
Each lattice unit 96 has five vertical lattices 97 spaced apart in the left-right direction. The upper end of each lattice 97 is abutted against the upper horizontal member 98 and fixed with a screw 99, and the lower end is abutted against the lower horizontal member 100 and fixed with a screw 99. The lattices 97, 97, ... are positioned to the right of the upper and lower horizontal members 98, 100. As a result, when multiple lattice units 96 are installed side by side, the spacing between the lattices 97, 97, ... is all the same.
As shown in Figure 30, the upper horizontal member 98 is fitted into the recess 10 of the front beam 1 from below and serves as a cover plate 11 that closes the recess 10. The portion of the recess 10 of the front beam 1 other than the portion to which the upper horizontal member 98 is attached is closed off by attaching the cover plate 11. In other words, the recess 10 of the front beam 1 is closed off by attaching the cover plate 11 except for the portion into which the column 5 is inserted, and a part of the cover plate 11 becomes the upper horizontal member 98 of the lattice unit 96.

The lattice unit 96 is assembled with the upper and lower horizontal members 98, 100 and the lattices 97, 97, ... and is attached to the underside of the front beam 1 by fitting the upper horizontal member 98 into the recess 10 of the front beam 1 from below. The lower horizontal members 100 of adjacent lattice units 96 are connected by connecting members 101 with their side end faces abutting against each other. The lower part of the lattice unit 96 is inserted into a hole 102 formed in the ground G and fixed with mortar 103 (see Figure 29).

As shown in Figures 29 and 30, this simple structure comprises a girder (front girder) 1 and columns 5 that support the girder 1. The girder 1 has a recess 10 along its longitudinal direction on its underside, and the columns 5 are fixed to the underside of the girder 1 by having their upper ends fitted into the recess 10. This makes it easy to connect the upper ends of the columns 5 to the girder 1, thus simplifying construction. Moreover, the recess 10 of the girder 1 is covered with a cover plate (cover plate 11, upper horizontal member 98) except for the part into which the column 5 is fitted, resulting in a good aesthetic appearance.
This simple structure has a portion of the girder 1 in the longitudinal direction where a decorative material (screen) 95 is attached to a recess 10 instead of a cover plate 11. Since the decorative material 95 is installed from below the girder 1 toward the ground G, the installation of the decorative material 95 can be simplified by utilizing the recess 10 of the girder 1.
In this simple structure, grids 97 are attached at intervals to a crossbar (upper horizontal member) 98, forming a grid unit 96. Therefore, multiple grids 97, 97, ... can be installed under the girder at once as a grid unit 96, thus simplifying construction compared to installing grids one by one under the girder.
Furthermore, the invention relating to the joint boards (joint board 11, upper horizontal member 98) and decorative material 95 described above is also applicable to the second and third embodiments.

As described above, the simple structure according to claim 1 (first embodiment) comprises a girder (side girder) 3, a gutter section (gutter member) 42, and an auxiliary gutter 49. The gutter section 42 is provided on the inner circumference side of the girder 3, and the auxiliary gutter 49 is provided on the lower part of the girder 3 near the column 5. Water flows from the gutter section 42 to the auxiliary gutter 49 through a hole 53 provided on the side surface of the gutter section 42, and from the auxiliary gutter 49 to a downpipe (downpipe 55, cover plate 56) provided along the column 5 (see Figures 9-12). As a result, the installation of the rain gutter is easy and the construction can be simplified.
Furthermore, since the gutter section 42 is provided on the inner circumference side of the beam 3, the gutter section 42 is not exposed to the outside, and the auxiliary gutter 49 is also housed in the recess 10 at the bottom of the beam 3 and hidden by the cover plate 11, and the downpipes 55 and 56 are housed inside the column 5 (see Figures 9 and 11), or provided between the wall materials 59, 59 provided on the inside and outside between the columns 5 (see Figure 13), the rain gutters are not exposed to the outside, resulting in a clean and neat exterior design.
Since the column 5 has a recess 35 along its longitudinal direction on its side, and the downpipe (cover plate) 56 is fitted into the recess 35 (see Figures 11 and 12), the column 5 does not become thicker, and the design is further improved.

This simplified structure (second embodiment) comprises a pair of side girders 3, 3, a front girder 1, a rear girder 2, an intermediate girder 77, and columns 5. The pair of side girders 3, 3, the front girder 1, and the rear girder 2 form a frame around the four sides, with the intermediate girder 77 installed between the side girders 3, 3 on one side in the longitudinal direction, and rafters 43, 44 installed at intervals between the side girders 3, 3. The intermediate girder 77 is supported by one column 5 in the longitudinal direction, and the other side of the pair of side girders 3, 3 is supported by one column 5 each (see Figure 20). This reduces the number of columns 5, thus simplifying construction. Furthermore, even if there are obstacles on the ground, the simplified structure can be installed by positioning the columns 5 to avoid those obstacles, thus enabling effective use of the site.
In this simplified structure, the pitch P between the rafters 44 is the same as the pitch P between the intermediate beam 77 and the rafters 44, and the intermediate beam 77 can be freely attached to the position where the rafters 44 are attached (see Figure 22), thus simplifying the construction when an intermediate beam 77 is installed.

This simple structure (third embodiment) comprises one structure 79 and another structure 80, which are of different heights and are arranged side by side in the width direction, each having girders 1, 2, and 3 and a roof 7, with the girders 3 of the lower structure 80 attached to the side of the column 5 that supports the girders 3 of the higher structure 79, and by adjusting the heights of the one structure 79 and the other structure 80 according to their respective uses and the conditions of the installation site (see Figure 24), it is possible to construct a simple structure that suits the shape of the site, the layout of the building, the purpose of installation, etc. Moreover, since the number of columns 5 can be reduced compared to installing the two structures individually, construction can be simplified.
The structures 79 and 80 are either carports, bicycle ports, approaches, or gate roofs, and by freely combining these structures 79 and 80 with adjustable heights, a simple structure suited to the purpose of installation can be provided. Furthermore, by adjusting the height of each structure 79 and 80 according to the difference in ground level G at the installation site between one structure 79 and the other structures 80, a simple structure suited to the conditions of the installation site can be provided.
This simple structure comprises one structure 79 and another structure 80 arranged side by side, and a bracket 81 connecting the two structures. The first structure 79 is taller than the other structure 80, and both the first structure 79 and the other structure 80 have girders 1, 2, and 3 and a roof 7, respectively. The bracket 81 is attached to the side of the column 5 that supports the girder 3 of the first structure 79, and the girder 3 of the other structure 80 is held by the bracket 81 (see Figure 24), thereby simplifying the construction of the two structures 79 and 80, which are of different heights.
Since the bracket 81 can be freely attached to the column 5 of one structure 79 in the longitudinal direction, it can flexibly accommodate changes in the height of other structures 80.

This simplified structure (first and second embodiments) comprises a frame 4 that frames a pair of side girders 3, 3, a front girder 1, and a rear girder 2 on all four sides, a roof 7 provided on the inner side of the frame 4, and ceiling material 60 attached to the underside of the roof 7. The ceiling material 60 is arranged parallel to the side girders 3, 3 and is attached in a line along the longitudinal direction of the front and rear girders 1, 2 between the pair of side girders 3, 3 (see Figures 4 and 21). This reduces the number of ceiling materials 60 required compared to when the ceiling materials 60 are arranged parallel to the front and rear girders 1, 2, thus simplifying construction.
The ceiling material 60 extends below the front beam 1 and rear beam 2 (see Figure 7), so when the ceiling 8 is viewed from below, the front beam 1 and rear beam 2 are hidden by the ceiling material 60 and are not visible, resulting in a good aesthetic appearance.
Furthermore, a column 5 is attached to either the front beam 1 or the rear beam 2, and a trim piece 62 is attached to the inner perimeter of the beams 1 and 2 to which the column 5 is attached, or to the inner perimeter of the column 5, and the end of the ceiling material 60 is hidden by the trim piece 62 (see Figure 18), so even when the column 5 is attached to either the front beam 1 or the rear beam 2, the design is aesthetically pleasing.

This ceiling structure (ceiling 8 of the simple structure in the first embodiment) comprises one panel (left panel) 60a and another panel (right panel) 60b, the other panel 60b has an attachment portion 63 to the base material 61, a contact portion 64 located on the other side of the attachment portion 63, and a locking portion 65 located on one side of the attachment portion 63 at one end 106, the contact portion 64 is an inclined surface, and the first panel 60a is attached to the base material 6 The other end 105 has a locking portion 66 on one side and a contact portion (protrusion) 104 on the other side of the locking portion 66, and the locking portion 66 of one panel 60a is locked to the locking portion 65 of the other panel 60b, and the contact portion 104 of one panel 60a is in contact with the contact portion 64 of the other panel 60b (see Figure 6), so that the panel 60 can be attached easily and stably, thus simplifying the construction.
The other panel 60b has a mounting portion 63 for attachment to the base material 61, a contact portion 64 located on the other side of the mounting portion 63, and a locking portion 65 located on one side of the mounting portion 63, all connected to one end portion 106. This simplifies the shape of the one end portion 106, making it less likely for water and debris to accumulate.
Furthermore, since the contact portion 104 of one panel 60a is spaced apart from the locking portion 66 on the other side, it is easy to lock the locking portion 66 to the locking portion 65 of the other panel 60b and to bring the contact portion 104 into contact with the contact portion 64 of the other panel 60b, thereby improving the mountability and stability of the panel 60.

This ceiling structure (ceiling 8 of the simple structure in the first embodiment) comprises panels 60, 60, ... that are installed side by side, and an end panel 68. The end panel 68 has a starter 69 and an adjustment member 70. The starter 69 is positioned on the panel 60 side and locks onto the edge of the end panel 60. The adjustment member 70 is positioned further towards the end than the starter 69 and hides the starter 69 and the edge of the end panel 60 that is locked onto the starter 69 (see Figure 6). This allows for flexible adaptation to differences in dimensions in the direction in which the panels 60 are arranged, thus simplifying construction.
The adjustment material 70 has a good aesthetic appearance because the mounting screws 73 are hidden by the cover plate 74.

This structure (the simplified structure of the first and fourth embodiments) comprises girders (front girder 1, rear girder 2, side girder 3) and columns 5 that support the girders 1, 2, and 3. The girders 1, 2, and 3 have recesses 10 along their longitudinal direction on their undersides, and the columns 5 are fixed to the undersides of the girders 1, 2, and 3 by having their upper ends fitted into the recesses 10 (see Figure 9). This makes it easy to connect the upper ends of the columns 5 to the girders 1, 2, and 3, and simplifies construction. Moreover, the recesses 10 of the girders 1, 2, and 3 are covered with cover plates 11, except for the portion into which the columns 5 are fitted, resulting in a good aesthetic appearance.
This structure (the simplified structure of the fourth embodiment) has a portion in the longitudinal direction of the girder (front girder 1) where a decorative material (screen) 95 is attached to a recess 10 instead of a cover plate 11, and the decorative material 95 is installed from below the girder 1 toward the ground G (see Figures 29 and 30), so the installation of the decorative material 95 can be simplified by utilizing the recess 10 of the girder 1.
In this structure (the simplified structure of the fourth embodiment), grids 97 are attached at intervals to the crossbar (upper horizontal member) 98, forming a grid unit 96 (see Figures 29 and 30). Therefore, multiple grids 97, 97, ... can be installed under the girder at once as a grid unit 96, thus simplifying construction compared to the case where grids 97 are installed under the girder one by one.

This simplified structure (first embodiment) comprises a frame 4 that frames a pair of side girders 3, 3, a front girder 1, and a rear girder 2, and a cover 28. The front girder 1 and the rear girder 2 have their longitudinal end faces in contact with the inner circumferential surfaces of the side girders 3, 3, and the cover 28 is attached to the outer circumferential surfaces of the front girder 1 and the rear girder 2. Since the longitudinal end faces of the side girders 3, 3 are hidden by the cover 28 (see Figure 2), there is no need to attach individual caps to the longitudinal end faces of the side girders 3, 3, thus simplifying construction. The design is also improved because the longitudinal end faces of the side girders 3, 3 and the outer circumferential surfaces of the front girder 1 and the rear girder 2 are continuously covered by the cover 28.
By attaching covers to the side girders 3, 3, the appearance around the frame 4 can be unified, and the same profile material can be used for the girders 1, 2, and 3 on all four sides.
Furthermore, the aesthetic appeal can be enhanced by applying a laminate sheet to the cover 28.

This simple structure (first embodiment) comprises girders (front girder 1, rear girder 2, side girder 3), a joint plate 11, and a joint plate fall prevention component 23. Girders 1, 2, and 3 have recesses 10 on their lower surfaces, the joint plate 11 is fitted into the recesses 10 of girders 1, 2, and 3, and the joint plate fall prevention component 23 is inserted from below between the side walls 15 of girders 1, 2, and 3 and the side wall 20 of the joint plate 11, with its upper end attached to the side wall 20 of the joint plate 11. The cover plate 11 is secured to the provided stepped portion 26, and its lower end is secured to the stepped portion 18 provided on the side walls 15 of the girders 1, 2, and 3, thereby restricting the fall of the cover plate 11 (see Figure 15). Therefore, after fitting the cover plate 11 into the recess 10, the cover plate fall prevention component 23 can be inserted from below between the side walls 15 of the girders 1, 2, and 3 and the side wall 20 of the cover plate 11, thereby reliably preventing the cover plate 11 from falling and simplifying the construction process.
The joint plate fall prevention component 23 has a locking piece 25 that engages with the joint plate 11 and the stepped portions 26 and 18 of the girders 1, 2, and 3. When the locking piece 25 is inserted between the girders 1, 2, and 3 and the side walls 15 and 20 of the joint plate 11, it is almost vertical, and once inserted, it engages with the joint plate 11 and the stepped portions 26 and 18 of the girders 1, 2, and 3 in an inclined state (see Figure 16). As a result, the joint plate fall prevention component 23 can be easily installed and the joint plate 11 can be reliably prevented from falling.

This simplified structure (third embodiment) comprises a column 5 and a bracket 81 for connecting another structure 80 to the column 5. The bracket 81 has a bracket body 82 attached to the side of the column 5 and a back plate 83 provided inside the column 5. The back plate 83 is held so as to be slidable in the longitudinal direction of the column 5 and is positioned by engaging with a locking part (screw) 85 that protrudes from the outside of the column 5 into the column 5 (see Figure 25). As a result, the back plate 83 placed inside the column 5 can be easily positioned in a predetermined location, making it easy to install the bracket 81 and simplifying construction.
The back plate 83 has a notch at the bottom where the locking portion 86 engages with the locking portion 85, so that the locking portion 85 fits into the space where the bracket body 82 is mounted and the locking portion 85 does not protrude from the bracket body 82.
Furthermore, since the bracket body 82 has a wall 92 that hides the bolts 90 used to fix the bracket body 82 to the column 5, the bolts 90 are not exposed, improving the aesthetic appearance.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. The shape and material of the girders, gutter sections, and auxiliary gutters can be modified as appropriate. The gutter section may be integrally formed on the inner circumference of the girders. The downpipes may be exposed outside the columns. The present invention can be applied not only to carports but also to any simple structure such as garden rooms and walkway shelters.

1. Preceding digit (digit)
2. Last digit (digit)
3. Side girder (girder)
4. Frame 5. Columns 7. Roof 8. Ceiling (ceiling structure)
10 Recess 11 Cover plate 23 Cover plate fall prevention part 42 Gutter member (gutter section)
43. Gable rafter 44. Rafter 49. Auxiliary gutter 55. Downpipe 56. Cover board (downpipe)
60 Ceiling materials (panels)
60a Panel 1 60b Other panel 61 Base material 63 Mounting part 64 Contact part 65 Locking part 66 Locked part 68 End panel 69 Start material 70 Adjustment material 77 Intermediate beam 79 Structural element 80 Other structural element 81 Bracket 82 Bracket body 82 Backing plate 85 Screw (locking part)
95 Screen (decorative material)
96 Grid Unit

Claims (1)

A simple structure comprising a girder, a gutter section , and an auxiliary gutter, wherein the girder has a cover plate attached to its lower part, the gutter section is provided on the inner circumference of the girder, and the auxiliary gutter is provided on the lower part of the girder near the column and is hidden by the cover plate , and water flows from the gutter section to the auxiliary gutter through a hole provided on the side of the gutter section, and from the auxiliary gutter to a downpipe provided along the column.