JPS5816607B2 - electromagnet device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention comprises a coil wound around a core, a magnetic movable piece, and a return means, and when the coil is not energized, the return means urges the magnetic movable piece to return to the return state. keep
The present invention relates to a single stable type electromagnet device that attracts or repulses a magnetic movable piece to transition to an operating state when a coil is excited.

In this single stable type electromagnet device, when the coil is excited, the attractive force or repulsive force that acts on the magnetic movable piece must overcome the urging force of the return means, so the magnetic flux generated from the coil must be suppressed. It is necessary to make it a thing.

Therefore, conventionally, it has been difficult to make the coil or core smaller or to reduce the current flowing through the coil.

As a result, it has been difficult to reduce the size and power consumption of an electromagnetic relay constructed using this electromagnet device.

In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a single stable type electromagnet device that is small and consumes low power.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, the core 1 is formed into an H-shape consisting of a central portion 11 and both end portions 12, 13, and a coil 2 is wound around the central portion 11.

The movable piece 3 consists of two magnetic pieces A1. A2 are connected by a non-magnetic material (omitted in FIGS. 1 and 2 for convenience of explanation) and are rotatably held around a rotation center axis 31 passing through this central connection portion.

The rotation center axis 31 is parallel to the axis of the coil 2.

A permanent magnet Mr for return is attached to one of the magnetic pieces A2.

An auxiliary permanent magnet M1 is arranged on the other magnetic piece A1.

FIG. 3 is a symbol of the electromagnet device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 as a magnetic circuit, and FIG. 4 is an equivalent circuit diagram obtained by redrawing FIG. 3 in a plan view.

In these FIGS. 3 and 4, C represents the magnetic flux source by the coil 2, Gr and Or represent the magnetic resistance based on the gap between the core 1 and the magnetic piece A2, and Gs, Gs
represents the magnetic resistance based on the gap between the core 1 and the magnetic piece A1.

The magnetic resistances Or, Or, Gs, and Gs change with the size of the gap, so they are shown using variable resistance symbols.

First, when the coil 2 is de-energized, the magnetic flux from the auxiliary permanent magnet M1 flows through the magnetic piece A1 on the side thereof, so it is short-circuited and does not act on the core 1. The magnetic piece A2 is attracted and comes into close contact with the end portion 12.13 of the core 1.

If this return state is represented by an equal number of circuits, it will be as shown in FIG. 5a.

In FIG. 5a, the magnetic flux from the auxiliary permanent magnet M1 is shown as φ1°, and the magnetic flux from the return permanent magnet Mr is shown as φ1°.
It is shown as r.

This magnetic flux φr flows through the central portion 11 of the core 1 via the magnetic resistances Or, which have become smaller due to the smaller gap.

At this time, since the gap between the magnetic piece A1 and the core 1 is large, the magnetic resistances Gs and Gs are drawn large, and the magnetic resistances Gr and Or are drawn small.

When the coil 2 is energized, the magnetic flux source C is connected to the central part 11 of the core 1.
As shown in FIG. 5, the magnetic flux φr from the returning permanent magnet Mr passing through the central portion 11 is in the opposite direction to the magnetic flux φC from the magnetic flux source C. At the same time, the magnetic piece A2 and the core 1 are in a repulsive state.

In addition, the magnetic flux φ1o flowing through the magnetic piece A1 from the auxiliary permanent magnet M1 is in the opposite direction to the direction of the magnetic flux φC flowing from the magnetic flux source C through the magnetic piece A1, so a short-circuit magnetic path is created. The magnetic flux of the magnet M1 is interrupted and the magnetic flux of the magnet M1 reaches the central part 11 of the core 1.
The magnetic flux passing through is φ1.

At this time, the magnetic flux φC formed by the coil 2 acts on the magnetic piece A1 and attracts the magnetic piece A1, causing the movable piece 3 to rotate and enter the operating state.

Since the magnetic flux φ11 from the auxiliary permanent magnet M flows in the same direction as the magnetic flux φC of the coil 2 in the central part 11, the magnetic flux of this auxiliary permanent magnet M1 also acts in the direction of attracting the magnetic piece A1. Become.

Therefore, the attractive force during operation is determined by the sum of the magnetic flux φC and the magnetic flux φ11.

Immediately after the excitation of the coil 2 is stopped, the magnetic piece A1 is connected to the core 1.
Since the magnetic flux source C is removed while the auxiliary permanent magnet M1 is in close contact with the
From the magnetic flux φ1□ that was formed to pass through the magnetic piece A1
The magnetic flux φ1o passes through the short-circuit magnetic path formed in the
Thereafter, the state returns to the state shown in FIG. 5a.

In this way, the attraction force by the auxiliary permanent magnet M□ is
Since it acts between the magnetic piece A1 and the core 1 only when the coil 2 is excited, it assists the attractive force caused by the excitation of the coil 2.
Moreover, the attractive force of the returning permanent magnet Mr toward the magnetic piece A2 at the time of returning is not weakened.

In this way, the attractive force by the coil 2 is applied to the auxiliary permanent magnet M1.
As a result, the portion of the coil 2 (including the central portion 11) can be downsized, and the power consumption of the coil 2 can be reduced.

6 and 7 show a second embodiment, in which the auxiliary permanent magnet M2 is attached to the attraction side of one end 12 of the core 1, which is different from the first embodiment. The same numbers are given because the other points are the same as those of the embodiment.

The equivalent circuit diagram of this second embodiment is shown in FIG.

At the time of return, the magnetic flux of the auxiliary permanent magnet M2 flows through the end 12 on the side of this magnet M2, so the end 1
A short circuit magnetic path is formed in 2.

Therefore, the magnetic flux of this magnet M2 does not affect others.

Therefore, the magnetic piece A2 is in a state where it is attracted to the core 1 by the action of the returning permanent magnet Mr.

When the coil 2 is excited, the magnetic flux acts in the direction of blocking the magnetic path formed on the side of the magnet M2, so the magnetic flux generated from the magnet M2 attempts to flow in the magnetic path passing through the magnetic piece A1, causing the magnetic body to Aspirate piece A.

Since the magnetic flux of this coil 2 is in the opposite direction to the magnetic flux of the return magnet Mr, the magnetic piece A2 is in a repulsive state and the magnetic piece A1 is in an attractive state.

Therefore, the movable piece 3 rotates, and the magnetic piece A1 becomes attracted to the core 1.

At this time, the force that attracts the magnetic piece A1 is the sum of the magnetic flux of the coil 2 and the magnetic flux of the auxiliary permanent magnet pigeon.

9 and 10 show a third embodiment, in which an auxiliary permanent magnet M3 is further added to the second embodiment.

This auxiliary permanent magnet M3 is attached to the attraction side of the other end 13 of the core 1.

The equivalent circuit diagram is shown in FIG.

In this case as well, the auxiliary permanent magnet M29M3 is short-circuited by the ends 12 and 13 when the coil 12 is not excited.

When coil 2 is excited, its short circuit magnetic path is interrupted and magnet M
Since the magnetic flux of 29M3 acts on the magnetic piece A1, the force of the coil 2 to attract the magnetic piece A1 is assisted by the auxiliary magnets M2, M3.

At the time of return, the auxiliary permanent magnet M29M3 is short-circuited, so this magnet M29M3 does not act on anything else and the magnetic piece A2
is attracted to the core 1 by the action of the returning permanent magnet Mr.

; FIGS. 12 and 13 show a fourth embodiment.

This embodiment is, so to speak, a combination of the first embodiment and the second embodiment.

The circuit is as shown in FIG.

FIGS. 15 and 16 show a fifth embodiment.

In this embodiment, the core 4 is formed into an E-shape, and the coil 2 is wound around the central portion 41 of the core 4.

A U-shaped magnetic movable piece 5 is rotatably supported and biased in a direction away from the core 4 by a spring or the like (not shown).

An auxiliary permanent magnet M2 is placed near the tip of the central part 41 of the core 4.
is installed.

When the coil 2 is not excited, the magnet M2 is short-circuited by the magnetic path formed in the central portion 41, so it does not act on the magnetic movable piece 5, and the magnetic movable piece 5 is in the return state. .

The equivalent circuit of this first embodiment is as shown in FIG.

When the coil 2 is energized, the coil 2 generates magnetic flux in the direction in which the short-circuit magnetic path of the magnet M2 is interrupted, so the magnetic flux of the magnet M2 tends to flow through the magnetic movable piece 5, causing the magnetic movable piece 5 to flow. Acts in the direction of suction.

This force is added to the force that attracts the magnetic movable piece 5 due to the excitation of the coil 2.

According to this invention, when the coil is energized, the magnetic flux of the auxiliary permanent magnet works in a direction to supplement the magnetic flux of the electromagnet to reduce the load on the coil, and when the coil is not energized, the magnetic flux of the auxiliary permanent magnet is short-circuited by a magnetic short circuit. Since it does not contribute to the adsorption of the movable piece, it is possible to provide a single stable type electromagnetic device that is small and has low power consumption.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing the first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the same, FIG. 3 is a magnetic circuit diagram symbolically representing the same embodiment, and FIG. 4 is the same. Equivalent circuit diagram of the embodiment, Figures 5a, b, and c are equivalent circuit diagrams for explaining the operation, Figure 6 is a perspective view showing the outline of the second embodiment, and Figure 7 is an exploded perspective view of the same. , FIG. 8 is an equivalent circuit diagram, FIG. 9 is a perspective view schematically showing the third embodiment, FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view of the same, and FIG.
Figure 1 is an equivalent circuit diagram, Figure 12 is a perspective view showing the outline of the fourth embodiment, Figure 13 is an exploded perspective view of the same, Figure 14 is an equivalent circuit diagram, and Figure 15 is a diagram of the fifth embodiment. FIG. 16 is an exploded perspective view of the same example, and FIG. 17 is an equivalent circuit diagram. 1...H-shaped core, 2...Coil, 3
, 5...Magnetic material movable piece, A1. A2...
...Magnetic piece, C...Magnetic flux source, Mr...
・Permanent magnet for return, Mo, M2. M3...
Auxiliary permanent magnet, 4...E-shaped core.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Consists of a coil wound around a core, a magnetic movable piece, and a return means, and when the coil is not energized, the return means urges the magnetic movable piece to return to the return state. In a single stable type electromagnet device that maintains the magnetic material movable piece and moves it to an operating state by attracting or repelling the magnetic movable piece when the coil is energized, the magnetic flux generated from the coil passes through the magnetic path when the coil is energized. an auxiliary permanent magnet arranged so that its own magnetic path is short-circuited when the coil is de-energized, and forms its own magnetic path in the core and the magnetic movable piece in the same direction as the magnetic path of the coil when the coil is energized; An electromagnetic device characterized by being provided with. 2. The electromagnetic device according to claim 1, wherein the return means comprises a permanent magnet. 3. The core is formed in an H-shape, and a coil is wound around the center thereof, and the magnetic movable piece connects two magnetic pieces with a non-magnetic material to connect the two magnetic pieces at the center. The auxiliary permanent magnet is attached to one of the magnetic pieces. Claim 1 or 2 characterized in that
Electromagnetic device as described in section. 4. The core is formed into an H-shape, and a coil is wound around the center thereof, and the magnetic movable piece connects two magnetic pieces with a non-magnetic material to connect the two magnetic pieces at the center. The auxiliary permanent magnet is attached to one end of the core on the attraction side. An electromagnet device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: 5. The core is formed in an H-shape, and a coil is wound around the central portion of the core, and the magnetic movable piece connects two magnetic pieces with a non-magnetic material to form a central connecting part between both magnetic pieces. The auxiliary permanent magnets are each attached to both ends of the attraction side of the core. An electromagnet device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: 6. The core is formed into an H-shape, and a coil is wound around the central portion of the core, and the magnetic movable piece connects two magnetic pieces with a non-magnetic material to form a central connecting portion between both magnetic pieces. The auxiliary permanent magnet is attached to one of the magnetic pieces and is arranged so that the central axis of rotation passes through the coil, and the central axis of rotation is parallel to the axis of the coil. 3. The electromagnet device according to claim 1, wherein the electromagnet device is attached to one end of the core on the suction side. 7. The core is formed into an H-shape, and a coil is wound around the central portion of the core, and the magnetic movable piece connects two magnetic pieces with a non-magnetic material to form a central connecting portion between both magnetic pieces. The auxiliary permanent magnet is attached to one of the magnetic pieces and is arranged so that the central axis of rotation passes through the coil, and the central axis of rotation is parallel to the axis of the coil. Claims 1 or 2 are attached to both ends of the core on the suction side, respectively.
Electromagnetic device as described in section.