JPS5817148B2 - Nannenseigouseijiyushidannetsuzai Oyobisono Seizouhouhou - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention The present invention provides a flame-retardant foamed layer that is flammable but has high heat insulation properties and excellent workability, and is protected by a dense fire-resistant layer made of inorganic porous particles and a non-combustible plate member. Regarding synthetic resin insulation materials.

Recently, it has become lightweight, has excellent insulation properties, and is easy to construct.
Synthetic resin foams, which have excellent adhesive properties, are widely used as heat insulating materials.

However, the biggest drawback of this synthetic resin foam is that it is a heat-generating substance, melts and thermally decomposes at 200 to 300°C, easily burns, and sometimes generates toxic gas.

Therefore, while the demand for heat insulating materials continues to grow, there is a need for some kind of flame retardant method.

Taking the case of polyurethane foam as an example, countermeasures include: ■Flame retardation by raw material components, ■Additive flame retardant, ■Low melting point method, ■Post-treatment method, ■Introduction of heat-resistant structure, and ■Specific treatment. Flame retardant methods have been proposed.

However, all of the above flame retardant methods not only have drawbacks such as a decline in insulation performance, roughness of the foam structure, and increased costs, but also have the fatal drawback that they do not create a structure that guarantees flame retardancy. was there.

In other words, in the case of uncertain factors such as (1) above, it was not possible to reliably guarantee uniform dispersion because the organic or inorganic flame retardant was dispersed in the synthetic resin foam by addition and mixing.

Of course, if a large amount is added, the flame retardant will be the main material and the synthetic resin foam will end up being used simply as a binder, and while flame retardance will improve considerably, the insulation performance will drop significantly and the specific gravity will increase. However, disadvantages such as an increase in the temperature of the synthetic resin foam become noticeable, and the most important feature of the synthetic resin foam is sacrificed, and the function as a heat insulating material is no longer exhibited.

In addition, all of the other flame retardant methods only increase the heat resistance temperature of synthetic resin foams by about 100 to 200° C. compared to conventional methods, and their reliability is also questionable.

In order to eliminate these drawbacks and difficulties, the present invention securely provides a fireproof layer consisting of inorganic porous particles, inorganic powder particles distributed (filled) between the particles, and a kama between the noncombustible plate member and the net-like material. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a heat insulating material having excellent heat insulating properties and flame retardancy by integrating these constituent materials with a synthetic resin foam layer.

The flame retardant synthetic resin heat insulating material according to the present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to the drawings.

Note that corresponding parts are given the same reference numerals.

FIG. 1 corresponds to the first invention of the heat insulating material, and in the figure, numeral 11 is a noncombustible plate member that mainly functions as a surface material, and examples of the material include metal plates, stones, etc. Consists of board, cement mortar board, and wood wool cement board.

Reference numeral 2 denotes a backing material, which is added as necessary, and suitable materials include, for example, waterproof paper, synthetic resin film, asbestos paper, and metal foil.

3 is a synthetic resin foam layer that mainly functions as a heat insulating layer, and on at least one of the layers, the following net-like material, fireproof layer, and noncombustible plate member 1 or back material 2 are laminated in this order, and all the constituent materials are foamed and cured. It also has a secondary function as a binder that integrally binds.

As the material for the synthetic resin foam layer, polyurethane resin, epoxy resin, Metamitsu resin, urea resin, polystyrene resin, polyethylene resin, acrylic resin, ABS resin, etc. are used.

4 is a net-like material that is used to securely form lightweight, high bulk specific gravity inorganic porous particles and inorganic powder particles of the fireproof layer between the noncombustible plate member 1 and the synthetic resin foam layer 3, or It functions as a filter.

To explain further, as described above, when forming the synthetic resin foam layer 3, the inorganic porous particles etc. are prevented from being displaced or moved from the initial position due to the fluidity and foaming pressure during foaming, and the non-flammable board A dense inorganic refractory layer is formed between the member and the net-like material to obtain an inorganic refractory layer free of defects.

Of course, a reinforcing effect can also be expected as a secondary effect.

The net-like material 4 is made of one or more organic or inorganic substances, and specific examples include synthetic resin,
They have various configurations such as knitting cotton, hemp thread, wire mesh, glass fiber, etc., forming them into non-woven fabrics, pressing them into a net shape using a press, or fusing them.

Further, the size of the mesh of the net-like material 4 varies depending on the size of the inorganic porous particles and the inorganic powder/grain material, but at least the size is such that the inorganic porous particles do not pass through the mesh of the net-like material 4.

5 is an inorganic fireproof layer formed between the nonflammable plate member 1 and the net-like material 4, and a synthetic resin foam layer 3 that becomes combustible at high temperatures by forming an inorganic heat insulating layer consisting of an inorganic foam layer with a skeleton of inorganic porous particles. This provides reliable protection from high temperatures.

This inorganic fireproof layer 5 is composed of inorganic porous particles 6 densely laid on one side 1a of a noncombustible plate member, and a layer 7 made of inorganic powder particles distributed (filled) in the voids between the particles.

The inorganic porous particles 6 include pearlite particles, shirasu balloons, glass balloons, fireproof stones, coke, artificial porous stones, and improved pearlite particles or inorganic powder particles obtained by further fireproofing and heat-resistant treatment of these particles. This is a so-called granulated refractory material made by granulating one or more of the following.

In addition, the layer 7 made of inorganic powder and granules releases water vapor at high temperatures and melts, gradually foaming and expanding. It is composed of a so-called inorganic substance 7b that does not foam when heated, which is dispersed so as to partially suppress the foaming and improve the strength of the inorganic foam layer when it is formed.

The inorganic substance 7a is, for example, a borate, a borate, a phosphoric acid salt, or a mixture of two or more thereof.

Specifically, borax, sodium metaborate, sodium silicate, sodium metasilicate, dibasic sodium phosphate, potassium borate, potassium silicate, and a mixture of sodium metasilicate, borax, silicate, and magnesium acetate, etc. be.

In addition, sodium silicate and sodium borate are those that have controlled crystallization water, or are heated to a temperature that does not destroy their molecular structure, such as room temperature to 125°C, and the water content is increased to 10 to 20% without melting. The so-called reduced
It also includes processed sodium borate and processed sodium silicate.

Non-foaming inorganic substances 7b include carbonates, calcium salts, sulfates, clay minerals, and more specifically, soda carbonate, calcium carbonate, calcium silicate, sodium sulfate, gypsum, slaked lime, antimony trioxide, and magnesium. , aluminum hydroxide, talc, bentonite, kaolin, and borax.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a flame-retardant synthetic resin heat insulating material according to the second invention. It is more securely held and fixed via the adhesive layer 8 provided on one side 1a.

In the case of this heat insulating material, the fireproof layer 5 is formed so that it is lightweight, has a large bulk specific gravity, and does not displace or move at all even when forming a synthetic resin foam layer of inorganic porous particles with a large surface area. This shows a thermal insulation material that almost prevents formation.

Materials for the adhesive layer 8 include water glass, CMC, P
V.A.

One or more types of starch, glue, etc. are used.

Next, an example will be explained.

Example 1 Compounding ratio Polyurethane resin 100 parts by weight Sodium metaborate (30 mesh) 20 parts by weight Borax (60-100 parts by weight)
mesh) 10 parts by weight pearlite grains (average particle size 5i
iφ) 40 parts by weight plaster 5
Part by Weight Therefore, the noncombustible plate member 1 has a plate thickness of 0.2.7 m.
Pearlite grains 6 are densely laid on one side of a color iron plate of 16 mm, and inorganic powder particles of borax 7a, sodium metaborate 7a, and gypsum 7b are distributed (filled) in the spaces between the grains, and 16 mesh A synthetic resin net-like material 4 is stretched,
On top of that, unfoamed polyurethane resin (hard) is cured, and then a backing material 2 made of kraft paper and aluminum foil is layered on top of it, cured using a caterpillar molding machine, and the cross section shown in Figure 1 is A flame-retardant synthetic resin insulation material was obtained.

Of the synthetic resin raw materials, the resin layer that has passed through the net-like material 4 mainly functions as an adhesive.

Then, when observing this cross section, it was found that each constituent material was fixed together by the polyurethane resin, and the pearlite grains 6 and inorganic powder particles 7a and 7b were located in the predetermined place with almost no movement as they were scattered. On top of that, a highly foamed synthetic resin foam layer (insulating layer) was formed.

Next, in order to confirm this flame retardancy, the surface of the noncombustible plate member 1 was exposed to a direct flame at 900° C. for 5 minutes, and no smoke or ignition was observed.

After this, when the insulation material was cut and observed, the synthetic resin 3a of the skin layer that came into contact with the noncombustible plate member 1 was partially melted, but the spaces between the pearlite grains 6 were bridged by the inorganic foam layer of borax and sodium metaborate. The inorganic foam layer was filled with gypsum powder, which served as a filler and reinforcement for the foam layer.

In other words, a highly refractory granular material such as pearlite particles is used as a skeleton, and this is bridged with an inorganic foam layer to ensure that an inorganic heat insulating layer with high heat insulation performance is provided between the noncombustible plate member 1 and the synthetic resin foam layer 3. was formed.

Furthermore, the nonflammable plate member 1 was peeled off and heated with a direct flame at 900° C. for 10 minutes.

At first, the inorganic substance 7a foamed and bridged between the pearlite grains, forming a completely thick inorganic refractory layer, and then the surface gradually became ceramic and did not change in any way.

Example 2 Mixing ratio Polyurethane resin Sodium metaborate Borus Sand Perlite grains same as in Example 1 Gypsum water glass Adhesive 10 parts by weight Noncombustible plate member Colored iron plate with a plate thickness of 0.27 mm This was used to construct the structure shown in Figure 2 A flame-retardant synthetic resin insulation material was formed.

The surface of this heat insulating material was also exposed to a direct flame at 900° C. in the same manner as above.

In this case, when the heat insulating material is cut, the pearlite grains and the colored iron plate 1 are integrally formed with water glass foam, and an inorganic heat insulating layer made of an inorganic foam layer with higher fire resistance is formed on top of this. was.

Furthermore, no defective particles that could reach the synthetic resin foam layer 3 were observed in this inorganic heat insulating layer.

What has been described above is only one embodiment of the present invention, and the back material may be formed of the same material as the surface material, or the fireproof layer 5 and the net-like material 4 may be provided on the back material side as well.

Furthermore, the noncombustible plate member or the backing material can be formed into a shape suitable for the purpose, such as a roughly gutter shape.

As described above, according to the flame-retardant synthetic resin heat insulating material of the present invention, at least one of the combustible, high-insulating-performance, lightweight synthetic resin foam layer is reliably protected by the non-flammable plate member and the inorganic fire-resistant layer. It has the characteristic of greatly improved flame retardancy.

Further, there is an advantage that flame retardancy can be sufficiently achieved without any reduction in the heat insulation performance of the synthetic resin foam layer.

Furthermore, since inorganic porous particles such as pearlite particles, which have oil-absorbing properties, are formed on at least one surface layer of the synthetic resin foam layer, the foam structure can be formed homogeneously without damaging it, allowing effective use of the resin and greatly increasing its economic efficiency. It can be improved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIGS. 1 and 2 are longitudinal sectional views showing a flame-retardant synthetic resin heat insulating material according to the present invention. 1... Noncombustible plate member, 2... Back material,
3...Synthetic resin foam layer, 4...Net-like material, 5...Inorganic fireproof layer.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A net-like material, an inorganic fireproof layer, and a noncombustible plate member are laminated and integrated in this order on at least one of the synthetic resin foam layers, and the inorganic fireproof layer is distributed between the inorganic porous particles and the voids between the particles. A flame-retardant synthetic resin heat insulating material comprising two types of inorganic powder and granular material: an inorganic material that foams when heated and an inorganic material that does not foam when heated. 2. The flame-retardant synthetic resin heat insulating material according to claim 1, wherein at least inorganic porous particles are fixed to the non-flammable plate member via an adhesive layer.