JPS5820917B2 - Dust prevention method for crushed rice husks - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a dust prevention method for crushed rice husks that suppresses dust.

In recent years, intensive grain processing facilities such as rice centers and country elevators have spread rapidly, and along with this, large amounts of rice husks are generated in concentrated quantities at these facilities. I was having a hard time doing that.

This is due to the fact that the outer skin of the rice husk is covered with silicic acid, which has poor moisture absorption.
In response to this, attempts have been made to increase the hygroscopicity of the rice husks by crushing them, making them easier to decompose, and using them as substitute materials for rice straw, sawdust, etc., as livestock bedding, as a culture medium for mushrooms, etc.

However, when the rice husk is crushed, it generates a large amount of dust, so when it is used, for example, as livestock bedding, it not only has a negative effect on fattening, such as inhaling this dust and damaging the bronchial tubes, but also has a negative effect on human beings who handle it. This also caused problems in terms of health management.

In addition, since the crushed rice husks are mainly transported using pneumatic transport equipment and blown into the rice husk storage, the dust leaking from the rice husk storage is scattered in the neighborhood and causes dust pollution. was.

Furthermore, the above dust easily forms dust clouds in the air,
This often caused dust explosions, which posed a major problem in terms of storage and management.

This invention was made in view of the above points, and aims to safely and effectively utilize a large amount of crushed rice husks. The present invention provides a method for producing crushed rice husks in which fine particles, which are the source of dust, are suppressed by the action of microorganisms by developing microorganisms.

The present invention will be described in detail below.Water alone or water and fermented nutrients such as urea are added and mixed to rice husks that have been crushed into pieces of about 3.5 mm or less to produce a homogeneous rice husk with a moisture content of about 18 to 30%. Keep it humidified.

This makes it possible to temporarily prevent dust from forming due to humidification.

When this humidified crushed rice husk is further deposited and stored, 24 to 48 hours after deposition, the temperature rises by about 30 to 50 degrees Celsius due to the action of microorganisms such as Aspergius, Trichoderma, and Bacillus, and due to the fermentation heat. Fermentation stops as the water evaporates.

When microorganisms proliferate in this way, the adhesiveness caused by microbial action and the development of hyphae contain fine particles, which are the source of dust, and can prevent dust.

Thereafter, the fine particles are attached due to the adhesive action of microorganisms and hyphae, so the dust suppression effect continues even after the moisture content decreases due to exothermic transpiration, and crushed rice husks with suppressed dust can be produced extremely easily.

In addition to urea, additives containing starch or protein, which serve as nutritional sources for microorganisms, may be used as the fermented nutritional material, or water alone may be used without using fermented nutritional materials, depending on the storage conditions and fermentation conditions. It is selected as appropriate depending on conditions and the like.

Next, an example of the manufacturing apparatus used in the method of this invention is as follows.
To explain based on FIG. 1, unpulverized rice husks A stored in a rice husk storage 1 are sent to a crusher 4 via a packet elevator 3 by a screw conveyor 2 or the like, where the grain size is 3.5. ,.

It is crushed to a certain degree.

Next, in the humidifier 5, it is uniformly mixed with water supplied from the outside, humidified to a moisture content of about 18 to 30%, and air-transported as it is into the reservoir 7 by a turbo blower 6, etc.
The microorganisms are deposited and stored here, and microorganisms are developed within this reservoir 7.

The humidifying means for the crushed rice husks is installed at an appropriate position in the box 12, for example, as shown in FIG. Water or a mixture of water and fermented nutrients is sprayed from the nozzle 13, and the rotating shaft 11 is rotated by a drive device (not shown), and the blades 11a, 11a attached to appropriate positions on the rotating shaft 11 mix the water or the like. Alternatively, the crushed rice husks may be uniformly adhered to and absorbed into the rice husks and taken out from the discharge port 12b (as shown in the opening in Figure 2, the rotary shaft 1
It is also possible to introduce the mixture to the discharge port 12b while mixing it with the rotation of the rotary shaft 11 by means of a screw blade 11b fixedly attached to the rotary shaft 11.

Furthermore, in cases where the above-mentioned equipment is not available or in situations where the above-mentioned equipment cannot process the treatment, as shown in Fig. 2 1X,
The accumulated crushed rice husks 14 may be sprayed with the water or the water and fermented nutrients from the hose port 15, and the mixed china husks may be manually placed on the conveyor 16 and transported by the transport means 18 to a subsequent process.

Table 1 shows the degree of dust levitation of the crushed rice husks treated in this manner measured for one minute using a digital dust indicator, and it is clear that all dust is suppressed.

As detailed above, according to the present invention, by adding water alone or water and fermented nutrients to crushed rice husks,
Since the humidification condition is about 30% and the humidification is stored to develop microorganisms, dust can be suppressed by humidifying at 18-30% immediately after humidification, and it is a low level of humidification that prevents blockage of air transport pipes. It can be easily transported by air.

In addition, after the microorganisms have developed, even if the water content evaporates and the moisture content decreases, the adhesion between the microorganisms and mycelia suppresses the generation of dust, so it is used for silicosis and bedding by those who handle it. This eliminates bronchial disorders, etc. in domestic animals that may occur, and allows work to be carried out with peace of mind.

In addition, the humidified rice husks begin to be decomposed by microorganisms, which reduces the inherent water repellency of the rice husks and improves the initial water absorption, making it much easier to use them effectively later, such as by composting, and improving their effectiveness as bedding. .

Table 2 shows the results of measuring this initial water absorption amount using the Hilgert method.

Furthermore, since the crushed rice husks according to the present invention can easily suppress dust, there is no generation of dust clouds, dust explosions caused by this can be prevented, and safety in terms of storage and management is guaranteed. It is possible to achieve the following effects.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view showing an embodiment of the manufacturing apparatus used in the present invention, and FIGS. 2A to 2C are views showing humidifying means. 1... Rice husk storage, 2... Screw conveyor, 3... Packet elevator, 4...
...Crushing machine, 5... Humidifier, 6...
Turbo blower, 7... storage.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Water alone or water and fermented nutrients such as urea are added to the crushed rice husks, kneaded, and stored to develop microorganisms and contain fine dust through the stickiness of the microorganisms and the development of hyphae to suppress dust. A method for preventing dust from crushed rice husks.