JPS5822246B2 - High exhaustion - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Waste liquid and exhaust gas discharged from a power plant are a cause of pollution due to the substances contained therein, and conventional coagulation methods have been used to remove them.

Multiplicative methods, adsorption methods, activated sludge methods, catalyst methods, etc. are used.

However, for example, in the flocculation method, the use of a flocculant causes an increase in aggregates, and in the adsorption method, there are problems such as the difficulty of handling the adsorbent and the sustainability of its effectiveness.

There were some problems.

The present invention provides a new synthesis medium that can effectively and efficiently remove these contaminants simply by contacting them.

That is, this medium is α) clay with high A/203 content such as kaolinite and hydrated hallosite, (2) rock with high CaCO3 content such as limestone and limestone dolomite, (3)
Si02 is the generated component, and trace amounts of Fe2O3 and Fe
d, to 20. Three types of soil and stone powders, including volcanic ash (lava powder) containing Na2O, MgO, titanium, etc., are mixed in equal or close proportions, and after adding water, knead well and mold, and dry thoroughly by natural drying or infrared drying. , in the firing furnace 1
It is fired at a high temperature of around 000°C.

Of course, it is known that certain types of naturally occurring rocks are used as lachrymal aids in the purification of liquids, and as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 30-1538, These natural products include liquid-temperature peptizing substances such as clay, or easily soluble substances such as lime, magnesia, and other alkali metal salts. A method of making it insoluble was also used, but no satisfactory results were obtained, so using very high quality materials, adding and kneading an alkaline soap solution in a concentrated state at room temperature or heating (medium temperature), then adding sulfuric acid to the bone and kneading it. By adding, kneading, drying and pulverizing the solution, a product suitable for limited uses such as filtration of viscous liquids was finally obtained.

However, the present inventor selected three specific types of these natural stones, kneaded them in approximately equal amounts, and heated them at a high temperature (1000°C).
By using a simple method of firing with (before and after C), it is possible to take advantage of the drawbacks of each and obtain for the first time a product suitable for multiple purposes, especially for decolorizing and purifying waste liquids and exhaust gases containing various substances. This led to the invention of the subject synthetic medium that exhibits groundbreaking performance.

Clay and volcanic ash in the ingredients provide solidification and robustness, and limestone provides porosity in the fired product through gasification of CO2.

However, with this limestone, care must be taken because if the mixing ratio exceeds the above-mentioned mixing ratio, excessive fusion of silica, alumina, etc. will cause the product to absorb carbon dioxide gas in the air and turn into calcium carbonate, causing deterioration.

Furthermore, the firing temperature was set at around 1000°C in order to sufficiently melt and bond the mixed earth and stone since the melting temperatures of volcanic ash are about 960°C and about 1100°C, respectively.

Thus, this medium has adsorption properties due to Al2O3, CaO
It also has ionic properties due to 5i02 and catalytic properties due to chemical action during calcination of 5i02.

It also has thermal conductivity, which eliminates the heat insulating properties found in ceramics and improves thermal efficiency when regenerating media after it is used up.

As mentioned above, among the various components, the mixing ratio of Ca
Since the mixing ratio of CO3 should not cause deterioration of the medium after firing, the content of this component should be limited to around 20 parts of the entire medium.

Due to the above-mentioned properties, this medium separates contaminants simply by contacting it as described above, and the amount of SSO separated, for example, is incomparable to that obtained by the flocculation method.

Further, the amount of precipitate during use is extremely small (and the mechanical scale for removing the separated precipitate can also be small).

Furthermore, depending on the waste, a very small amount of an accelerator such as sulfuric acid, acetic acid, hydrochloric acid, iron sulfate, etc. can be added to the waste liquid depending on the purpose of its color before contact with the medium, causing a rapid reaction to occur. It is also possible to reuse it by heating it, but it is also possible to increase its durability by applying vibration when it comes into contact.

This will be explained in detail below using examples.

Example kaolin) (clay with high A/203 content) was imported kaolin from Kagoshima Prefecture (component ratio 25i0254.15, A120330.60%, N201.80, Fe2
031.21%, Mg00.25%, K2O0.20%, Ca00.03%, water and other 11.76%)
(7) 1.1 kQ of powder, 1 kg of marble powder and whitebait from Kagoshima prefecture as volcanic ash (component ratio: 5iQ270
．． 54 section, At20, 13.10 section, K2O3, 60 section, N2O2, 95%, Fe2032.32%, Mg0
0.48%, titanium, water and other 7.01%) 1
kt), added moisture, stirred, taken out, kneaded in a vacuum clay kneader, molded into a sphere with a diameter IQff* of 20 mm and a cylindrical shape with a diameter of 40 mm and a length of 45 mm, and dried.
A medium was obtained by firing at 0° C. for 8 hours.

The composition ratio of the generation medium is 'SiQ, 52.26% CaO21,
50%A/20318.24 Section Fe2O32,51
Mg0 2.41 K2O1, 62 N20
1.26 Section Others 0.2 Section.

Examples of how this medium was used were as follows.

1) A 2e capacity cylinder was filled with 1.61 liters of the medium formed into a spherical shape with a diameter of 10 mm and applied to the dye waste liquid 21. The reaction started after 15 minutes, and precipitation and decolorization occurred along with separation of the dyeing agent. After 30 minutes, only a very faint chromaticity remained, and the separation was completed in 1 hour.

This waste liquid had a BOD of 1900 ppm and a transparency of 0 degrees, but after treatment it had a BOD of 357 ppm, a transparency of 28 degrees, and a BO
The removal rate was D.

Similarly, when medium was applied to brown waste liquid with transparency of 0 degrees and COD of 175 ppm, the results were as follows: transparency of 28 degrees and COD of 23.4 ppm.
The COD removal rate was 86.6L01).

2) A medium formed and fired into a spherical shape with a diameter of 20sytt is
1.2i in the capacity cylinder! As a result of filling the product and applying it to 2 tons of seafood processing waste liquid, a separation phenomenon was observed after about 30 minutes.

This waste liquid contains blood and fatty acids, has a foul odor, and has a visibility of 0 degrees.

Although it is usually difficult to remove blood in the waste liquid treatment process, separation and precipitation were completed 3 hours after this medium was applied, and the fatty acids were saponified and precipitated together with the blood.

The BOD in the waste liquid at this time was 6320 ppm with a transparency of 0, and after treatment the BOD was 2270 ppm, the transparency was 25 degrees, and the BO
The D removal rate was 64.

Also, the bad odor was reduced by half.

3) A medium molded and fired into a cylindrical shape with a diameter of 40111M and a length of 45M was put into a plastic capacity of 306 to 121, and the result of applying it to the waste liquid of the school lunch center was approximately 20
A separation phenomenon was observed after a few minutes.

This waste liquid contained oils and fats, vegetable pigments, and detergents and had an odor and had a transparency of 8 degrees, but the separation and precipitation were completed after about 30 minutes.

The vegetable pigments were completely separated and the visibility was 30 degrees.

The BOD of the waste liquid at this time ranged from 257 ppm to 32.
8 ppm, and the BOD removal rate was 87.24%.

4) The same cylindrical fired medium used in 3) was
It was crushed into 0 to 15 mm size, made into an amorphous shape, and filled into a 21-capacity cylinder at 1.8 mm, and applied to electrodeless nickel plating waste liquid.
A separation phenomenon occurred after 1 hour.

This waste liquid mainly contains nickel phosphate and contains more than one part of methanol, but when it is converted to nickel hydroxide to remove the nickel, phosphate remains and Ca (OH) is produced.
When the agglomeration method according to No. 2 was carried out, a large amount of nickel dioxide agglomerates was produced, making filtration extremely difficult.

However, by providing this medium, a separated precipitate occurred after 2 hours, and it was easy to filter, and the amount was small after 88 minutes.

The plating waste liquid, which had a COD of 35,000 ppm and a transparent colored line, was colorless and transparent with a COD of 22,578 ppm in the aggregation method, but was colorless and transparent with a COD of 17,800 ppm in this medium separation method.

Although it is not easy to purify because it contains methanol, the removal rate was 35.5% in the coagulation method, whereas the removal rate was 50% in this media separation method.

In addition, even if the primary treated water by the coagulation method is neutralized and activated rock adsorption is performed, the COD value is 20,580 ppm, and this medium CO
It did not reach the level of D removal.

5) The same cylindrical firing medium used in 3) was filled into 81 plastic containers of 301 and applied to the bean paste waste pond and cleaning waste liquid in the food processing waste liquid. The results of filling test tubes with the medium and applying it were as follows: 20 minutes for bean-making waste liquid and 30 minutes for cleaning waste liquid.
The pig human waste was separated in 5 hours.

By adding a small amount of promoter to each waste liquid, the reaction can be started in about 5 minutes and the separation can be completed in 30 minutes.

6) A 100cc beaker was filled with 80cc of spherical firing medium with a diameter of 10mm, and the result was that the brown ferric sulfate solution started to react after 5 minutes, and desulfurization occurred. and the separation of iron occurred.

This reaction seems to be based on the ionic nature of the medium itself;
The separated substance was completely separated from water and a precipitation phenomenon occurred.

7) Regarding exhaust gas purification ability, tests were conducted under the following conditions to see if the synthetic medium could exert a catalytic effect on exhaust gas.

C3H, CO, and NOx were selected as exhaust gases, and their concentrations were C3H62410ppm, CO5, 1st part, and N
Ox content was 47 ppm.

Among them, for C3H6 and CαCλ, the amount of synthesis medium in this case is 24 tttl, and the amount of passing gas is 16 t.
The purification ability was measured while changing the temperature conditions at /rnirt.

For C8H, a purification reaction occurred when the catalyst inlet gas temperature was 350°C, and a rapid effect reaction occurred from around 600°C, but when the temperature reached 700°C, C3H was 100%, and C
O showed a removal rate of 65.

For Nox, catalyst amount 24vtl gas flow rate 16
/! /m1tt is the same as above, but the temperature condition is 6.
The purification ability was measured by keeping the temperature constant at 80°C and changing only the air-fuel ratio.

At an air-fuel ratio of 15.0, a reaction occurs at an air-fuel ratio of 14.7.
At the catalyst inlet gas air-fuel ratio of 14.0, a rapid catalytic reaction occurred, and the NOx removal rate was 65 cm.

In contrast to the above, for reference, imported kaolin alone and CaO produced by calcining marble exhibit decolorizing properties, but it takes a long time and there are many aggregates, and marble and shirasu do not exhibit decolorizing properties when used alone. .

In addition, kaolin and silicate lime were heated to 700℃ under the same conditions.
1) A mixture of kaolin and marble powder fired at 700°C, and 2) A 5:5:1 mixture of kaolin, whitebait, and iron oxide fired at 1000°C. Regarding the decolorizing effect of the colored liquid, (■) showed a decolorizing effect after 24 hours, but the decolorizing rate was poor and no separation of the colorant was observed.
At 8 to 20 degrees, there was little separation of the colorant.

Further, (C) showed no reaction or decolorization at all.

Next, the results of examining the sustainability of the medium's efficacy were as follows.

That is, when 2 drops of aluminum sulfate were added as an accelerator to 300 cc of dyeing waste liquid, 30 tubes of 1 Q cc were lined up in a test tube, and a medium was poured into one of the tubes to near the liquid surface to perform a reaction and decolorization test, separation occurred in 2 minutes. Although the degree of precipitation and decolorization was 85, the once-used medium was repeatedly introduced into the next test tube, and all 30 tubes were decolorized in the same 2-minute reaction.

Furthermore, this medium was taken out and heated to incinerate the adhering matter and reused, but the same result was obtained.

On the other hand, in the case of activated carbon, it adsorbed well at first, but its adsorption properties decreased with each use, and it completely lost its effectiveness after 13 times.

As can be seen from the above, this medium is useful in treating various waste liquids, and is also effective in removing nitrogen oxides, carbon oxides, etc. from exhaust gases, as shown in the example 7) above.

Moreover, raw materials are easy to obtain and process, and even if the medium becomes obsolete due to clogging inside the medium or adhesion to the surface as described above, it is economical because it can be easily reused by simply heating it.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Approximately equal amounts of clay with a high alumina content, rock with a high calcium carbonate content, and volcanic ash powder containing silicon dioxide as the main component and trace amounts of iron oxide, potassium oxide, sodium oxide, magnesium oxide, and titanium are used. Synthetic medium for decolorizing and purifying waste liquid and exhaust gas, which is obtained by kneading the mixture and firing at a high temperature of around 1000°C.