JPS5823044B2 - pruning machine - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to a pruning machine for cutting off branches of active trees during the growth process before they have grown much, mainly for the purpose of obtaining wood of the same size or no knots. .

For management purposes, it is necessary to remove branches of forest trees and cypress trees as early as possible to prevent pests and snow damage.

Conventionally, branches have been cut manually using saws, locks, etc., but cutting branches at high places requires climbing trees using ladders or tree trunks, making the work dangerous and tiring. is intense.

There is a strong demand for mechanization of this pruning work, but the proposed machines are all large-scale, with a diameter of 7 to 20 Cr.
Not suitable for cutting branches of trees as small as rL.

However, in order to obtain large-sized wood or knotless wood, it is not effective unless trees with small diameters are pruned.

Therefore, it is necessary to use smaller and lighter machines for pruning small trees.

Reducing weight is an important issue because the machine must be raised and lowered relative to the trees or brought into the forest.

In view of this, the inventors provided a cutting traveling device that is equipped with an annular guide that ascends and descends while surrounding the tree trunk and that runs and turns along the guide rail of the annular guide, and that the cutting traveling device is equipped with an engine. The authors propose a small and lightweight pruning machine equipped with a chainsaw and a traveling device driven by this engine.

However, in a structure in which the cutting traveling device is supported on the guide rail of such an annular guide, the guide rail is annular, so if the drive wheel and tension roller that roll in contact with the guide rail are structured to roll in contact with the upper and lower parts of the guide rail, it becomes a conical shape. It is necessary to use irregularly shaped gears, irregularly shaped rollers, or irregularly shaped racks, etc., which is not only troublesome to process, but even a slight amount of wear can easily cause accidents such as derailment.

Furthermore, it becomes difficult to support the drive wheels and tension rollers.

This invention has been made based on the above-mentioned circumstances, and the traveling device is in rolling contact with one side of the inner and outer arcuate surfaces of the guide rail.

It is equipped with a driving wheel and a tension roller that rolls into contact on the opposite side, and the rail is held between the inside and outside by this one driving wheel and the tension roller, and the traveling device runs on the guide rail with a relatively simple and durable structure. The aim is to make it possible to support it, thereby making it possible to achieve smaller size and lighter weight.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically explained based on illustrated embodiments.

In the figure, reference numeral A denotes an annular guide surrounding the tree trunk, and this guide A consists of a C-shaped arc-shaped fixed guide rail 1 and an arc-shaped movable guide rail 2 attached to it.

The movable guide rail 2 is pivotally attached to one end of the fixed guide rail 1 by a pivot pin 3, and is detachably attached to the other end by a locking mechanism 3a,
By opening the movable guide rail 2 around the pivot pin 3, a part of the annular guide A is opened, resulting in a convenient structure for attaching or removing the annular guide A from the tree trunk. ing.

The fixed guide rail 1 is provided with a pair of arms 4, 4 that protrude downward, and support brackets 5, 5 that protrude downward are connected to bolts 4b via horizontally long sulins 4a, 4a. .

By fixing it with 4b, it is suspended so that it can be adjusted back and forth.

A pair of upper and lower drum-shaped running bodies 6, 6 are pivotally supported by the support brackets 5, 5.

One of the brackets 5, 5 also serves as a chain case 7, and within this chain case 7, a sprocket wheel 8 is coupled to one shaft of the traveling body 6.

A drive sprocket wheel 10 that transmits power to the sprocket wheel 8 via an endless chain 9 is connected to the other running body 6 at the lower part of the chain case 7, and the drive sprocket wheel 10 is coaxially connected to a chain block mechanism. It is equipped with 11.

This cheno block mechanism 11 is well known, and by pulling the cheno hanging downward from the cheno case 7 in one direction, the driving sprocket wheel 10 is rotated in one direction.
The driving sprocket wheel 10 is rotated in the opposite direction by pulling the other chain hanging further downward in the other direction.

Further, a thrust block 12 is attached to one of the brackets 5, 5, and a slide rod 13 extending in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the axis of the traveling body 6 is inserted through the thrust block 12 so that it can slide in the longitudinal direction. has been done.

The slide rod 13 has a non-circular cross section, and the hole in the slide block 12 also has the same shape.

Therefore, the slide rod 13 can only slide in the longitudinal direction and cannot rotate.

A spring bearing 14 is provided at one end of the slide rod 13, and a coiled compression spring 15 is interposed between the spring bearing 14 and the slide block 12 so as to surround the slide rod 13.

The tip of the slide rod 13 is curved into an L-shape, and a drum-shaped floating roll traveling body 17 is pivotally supported there.

In order to prevent slipping of each of the traveling bodies 6, 6 and 17, a friction material such as hard rubber having a large frictional resistance may be attached or baked onto the surface.

The guide A has a channel-shaped cross section in this embodiment and is formed with rack teeth 18 on the outside.

The cutting traveling device B, which cuts branches while turning around the tree trunk along this guide A, has a cylindrical power transmission housing 200 equipped with a chenosaw 19 at the tip, and an engine 2 at the base.
1, and the above Chenosaw 19 is equipped with Chenosaw 19.
The shaft 19c of the wheel 19b is supported by a bearing 22 provided at the tip of the housing 20, and the shaft 19c has a bevel gear 23a forming a part of the transmission system 23. is the installation.

The bevel gear 23b that meshes with the bevel gear 23a is a part of the transmission system 23, and is fixed to a transmission shaft 23c that passes through the housing 20 and is pivotally supported.

A housing block 20a for fixing an engine case 21a is provided at the base of the housing 20, and in this housing block 20a, an output shaft 21b of the engine 21 is connected to the transmission shaft 23c via a centrifugal clutch mechanism 24. ing.

A worm 23d is formed on the transmission shaft 23c,
This worm 23d has a worm wheel 25 (drive system of the traveling device) pivotally supported within the housing block 20a.
are engaged.

A shaft 25a of the worm wheel 25 extends downward through the housing block 20a, and a traveling drive wheel 26 having flanges 26a on both sides is attached to the shaft 25a.

This drive wheel 26 has rack teeth 18 provided on the guide A.
A tooth row 26b that meshes with the teeth is provided.

Further, a V-shaped tension frame 28 is supported on the shaft 25a via a bearing 27.
At both ends of this frame, a flanged tension roller 29 and a tension rod 30 which are rolled into contact with the inside of the guide A are pivotally supported, and a flanged tension roller 31 similar to that described above is pivotally supported on the tension rod 30. It is.

A tension coil spring 32 is stretched between the free end of the tension rod 30 and the pivot portion of the frame 28.

Further, the rotation direction of the worm wheel 250 is set in such a direction that the reaction force thereof causes the transmission system, ie, the housing 20, to rotate around the shaft 25a, thereby bringing the chain saw 19 closer to the tree trunk.

An oil pump 33 is disposed at the tip of the housing 20, like a known chain, to supply oil to the chain saw 19 via appropriate piping (not shown).

The driving force of this oil pump 33 is obtained from the shaft 19c.

As shown in FIG. 9, the tension frame 28 has tension arms 34, 34 at both ends, respectively.
with a structure in which each tension arm 3
4 and 34 may be tensioned by a tension coil spring 35, and the tension rollers 36 and 36 provided at the tips of the tension arms 34 and 340, respectively, may be pressed against the inside of the guide A by this tension force.

Further, in this embodiment, the worm wheel 25 is used in the drive system for driving the traveling body to obtain relative rotation between the tooth row 26b and the rack teeth 18. Between 1. By providing a mechanism for switching the driving wheel 26 between forward and reverse directions and moving the cutting traveling device B backward with respect to the annular guide A, the chain saw 19 can be moved away from the tree trunk laterally.

In such a configuration, the movable guide rail 2 is first opened, and the annular guide A is attached to the tree trunk so as to surround it.

This attachment to the tree trunk is carried out by biasing the traveling body 17 against the traveling bodies 6, 6 by the elastic force of the spring 15, and holding the tree trunk between them.

In this state, the movable guide rail 2 is closed, the locking mechanism 3a is activated, and then the cutting traveling device B is moved to the rail 1.
Alternatively, attach it by placing it from above 2.

At this time, the space between the tension roller 31 and the seven drive wheels 26 is expanded against the tension coil spring 32.

Once mounted, the rail 1 or 2 is held between the tension roller 29.degree. 31 and the drive wheel 26, and the flanges abut against the upper and lower surfaces, achieving reliable retention.

In particular, the structure is such that the tension roller 29° 31 and the drive wheel 26 roll into contact with the outer peripheral arc surface of the rail 1 or 2, and the tooth row 26b of the drive wheel 26 meshes with the rack teeth 18. Unlike the case where rack teeth are formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the rail, the configuration of the rack teeth 18 and the tooth row 26b is easy, and even if there is wear during use, the meshing is reliably maintained and the service life is shortened. is long.

Therefore, when the engine 21 is driven, the clutch mechanism 2
Power is transmitted to the transmission shaft 23c through the transmission shaft 23c to drive the chain 19, and at the same time, the entire cutting traveling device B turns around the tree trunk along the guide A with 250 rotations of the worm wheel to perform pruning.

In this case, the tension roller 31 corresponding to the trailing side of the traveling device driven by the turning drive of the drive wheel 26 is biased against the inner peripheral surface of the rail 1 or 2 because the tension rod 30 is biased by the action of the tension coil spring 32. Pressure-welded,
Even if the chain saw 19 has unstable load fluctuations, the traveling device can be reliably run while being supported on the rail 1 or 2.

Further, the blade portion of the chain saw 19 is pressed against the tree trunk on its side surface.

In this state, the turning drive of the first drive wheel 26 is performed by the chainsaw 19.
Since the traveling device is towed and travels so as to perform a pulling operation, the branches can be cut from the root and a smooth cut surface can be obtained.

That is, in addition to the fact that the blade of the chainsaw 19 is bitten into the tree trunk due to its structure, when the worm wheel 25 is rotated around the shaft 25a, a driving reaction force is applied to the housing 20 at its supporting portion. acts, and as a result, the chainsaw 19 receives a force approaching the tree trunk from the side, thereby achieving root cutting.

However, the traveling direction of the traveling device by the drive wheels 26 is
Since the chainsaw 19 is oriented in the direction of the pulling motion, the cutting is smooth and smooth, and the tree trunk is not bitten hard.

In this state, by manually operating the chain block mechanism 11, the drive sprocket wheel 10 is driven, and by selectively operating the chain block mechanism 11, the running bodies 6, 6 rotate forward or reverse. It runs upwards or downwards against the tree trunk.

Then, in the process of upward travel, the chenosaw 19 uses its blade to cut off branches that have begun to grow laterally from the tree trunk.

When pruning is carried out sequentially while moving continuously from tree trunk to tree trunk, once the tree trunk has been pruned, the annular guide A is lowered to the worker's level by moving downward, and the engine 21 is stopped. The locking mechanism 3a is released again, the movable guide rail 2 is opened, and then the traveling bodies 6, 6 and 17 are opened, and by opening the movable guide rail, the tree trunk is removed from the opened area. Shift the hitting machine.

In this case, it is preferable to leave the cutting device B attached to the annular guide A.

Further, when the pruning work is completed, the cutting traveling device B is removed from the guide A before removing the annular guide from the tree trunk.

In this case, the cutting traveling device B is removed by moving the frame 28 against the spring force and pulling it up from the upper surface of the rail.

As described in detail above, the present invention is provided with a cutting traveling device that runs and turns along a guide rail of an annular guide that ascends and descends while surrounding a tree trunk, and the guide rail has an inner arc surface and an outer arc surface with a predetermined width. In addition to providing an arc surface, the cutting traveling device has an engine, a chenosaw driven by the engine, and a traveling device, and the traveling device is configured to cut into either one of the inner arc surface or the outer arc surface of the guide rail. It includes a drive wheel that is driven in rolling contact and a tension roller that is rolled in contact with another arc surface opposite to the drive wheel,
The drive wheel and the tension roller sandwich the guide rail from the inside and outside, and the cutting traveling device is supported on the guide rail so that it can run, so that the means for raising and lowering the annular guide relative to the tree trunk can be replaced by a separate means that has a simple lifting function. In addition, the structure of the traveling device in the cutting traveling device supported on the guide rail of the annular guide can be greatly simplified, and as a result, the overall size and weight can be reduced.

Naturally, such a pruning machine is easy to carry into the forest, and is convenient for promoting the creation of a tree growing environment within the forest.

[BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS] Fig. 1 is an overall perspective view showing one embodiment of the present invention;
The figure is a perspective view of the cutting traveling device, FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the annular guide and lifting means, FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the state of use, FIG. 5 is a partially cross-sectional plan view of the cutting traveling device, and FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of the Cheno block mechanism, FIG. 8 is a partially enlarged perspective view, and FIG. 9 is a plan view showing another embodiment of the traveling section of the cutting traveling device. It is a diagram. A... Annular guide, B... Cutting traveling device, 1... Fixed guide rail, 2...
Movable guide rail, 3...Pivot pin, 3a...
...Lock mechanism, 4...Arm, 4a...
...Slit, 4b...Bolt, 5...-
... Bracket, 6... Running body, 7...
...Cheno case, 8.°°°°° sprocket wheel, 9...Endless chino, 10.°°.5°° drive sprocket wheel, 11°°°°°° chain block mechanism, 12・・・－・・・Thrust block, 13・
...Slide rod, 14 ... Spring bearing seat, 15 ... Compression spring, 16 ... Arm, 17 ... Traveling body, 18. ...Rack teeth, 19...Chenosaw, 19a...
Cheno, 19b...°°°wheel, 19c...
...Shaft, 20...Housing, 20a...
...Housing block, 21...Engine,
21a...Engine case, 21b...
・Output shaft, 22...Paper bearing, 23...
- Transmission system, 23 a, 23 b...Bevel gear,
23c...Transmission shaft, 23d...Worm, 24...Centrifugal clutch mechanism, 25...
... Worm wheel, 25a ... Axis, 26.
... Drive wheel, 26a ... Flange, 26
b...Tooth row, 27...Bear link, 2
8°°°°°°Tension frame, 29...
・Tension roller, 30...Tension rod, 31...Tension roller, 32...
・・Spring, 33°°"・°°Oil pump, 34...
...Tension arm, 35...Hane, 36
・・・－・・・Tension roller.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A cutting traveling device is provided that travels and turns along a guide rail of an annular guide that ascends and descends while surrounding the tree trunk,
Further, the guide rail is provided with an inner arc surface and an outer arc surface with a predetermined width, and the cutting traveling device has an engine, a chain saw driven by the engine, and a traveling device, and the traveling device has an inner arc surface and an outer arc surface of a predetermined width. A drive wheel that is driven in rolling contact with either an arc surface or an outer arc surface, and a tension roller that is driven in rolling contact with another arc surface opposite to this drive wheel, the drive wheel and A pruning machine characterized in that the guide rail is held between the inside and outside by tension rollers, and a cutting traveling device is movably supported on the guide rail.