JPS5823436B2 - Additive for pulverized coal-oil mixture - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to agents that improve the properties of pulverized coal-oil mixtures.

Conventionally, although pulverized coal has a low price per calorific value, it has disadvantages such as difficulty in transportation, difficulty in controlling combustion, low calorific value, and large storage space. There was a problem with fuel.

A mixture of pulverized coal and oil does not have the above-mentioned drawbacks and has high practical value because it has a lower price per calorific value than oil alone.

However, simply mixing pulverized coal and oil does not yield a satisfactory pulverized coal-oil mixture because the pulverized coal particles settle and separate due to the difference in specific gravity, coagulate, and lose fluidity.

Therefore, it is important to find additives that improve stability, and the present inventors have already succeeded in overcoming the above problems and finding effective additives, making it possible to put pulverized coal-oil mixtures into practical use. (Japanese Patent Application No. 51-125947, Japanese Patent Application No. 51-125948, Japanese Patent Application No. 51-126406, Japanese Patent Application No. 51-130239).

The present inventors have conducted extensive research to obtain a pulverized coal-oil mixture that is stable for a longer period of time and is more economical.As a result, the present inventors have found that by pulverizing coal in oil, it is preferable to By applying heat and strong stirring at this point and using a small amount of the agent according to the present invention, an excellent pulverized coal-oil mixture was successfully obtained.

The present invention improves stability by more than twice that of conventional methods, and even when stored for long periods at room temperature or high temperature, pulverized coal hardly settles, and even if it does occur slightly, due to the excellent action of this drug, Since there is almost no aggregation of the settled pulverized coal, it can be re-fluidized with only simple stirring.

Of course, stirring is not necessary for a short period of time (about 15 days).

This has made it possible to safely transport pulverized coal-oil mixtures over long periods in tankers, and to transport them through pipelines and piping.

In addition, the amount of this agent used was smaller than that of the conventional method, and from an economical point of view, it was possible to further promote the practical application of pulverized coal-oil mixtures.

The coal used in the pulverized coal-oil mixture includes various types of coal, such as anthracite, bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, and lignite, regardless of its type and origin, as well as its chemical composition and moisture content. ,Wear.

The coal is put into oil either as it is or after being crushed,
It may be pulverized directly in oil using various wet pulverizers.

Moisture in coal may be removed before wet pulverization, during wet pulverization, or after pulverization, and there is no problem even if coal containing a small amount of moisture is not removed.

Judging from the combustibility, the particle size of pulverized coal is usually preferably 200μ or less, and even smaller particle size of 100μ or less is preferable, but as far as physical properties such as stability of the pulverized coal-oil mixture are concerned, even larger particle size is preferable. There is no problem with anything.

The content of this pulverized coal is 20 to 70% by weight based on the final mixture. If the pulverized coal is contained in an amount of 70% or more, the viscosity becomes extremely high and fluidity is lost, which is not preferable.
If it is less than 20%, it is not preferred because the cost advantage of containing pulverized coal is small.

Therefore, 20-70% can be mixed, but 30-60%
is even more preferable.

In addition, the oil used in the pulverized coal-oil mixture includes petroleum crude oil, various fractions obtained from crude oil, such as kerosene, light oil, A heavy oil,
Oils and waste oils commonly used as fuel such as B heavy oil, C heavy oil, ethylene decomposition residual oil, creosote oil, anthracene oil, various blended oils, etc., such as gas station waste oil (automobile lubricating oil, cleaning oil), iron works waste oil ( Mixed oil (machine oil, cutting oil, cleaning oil, etc.), waste oil from oil tankers and other ships,
Refers to general chemical factory waste oil, etc., and also includes mutual mixtures thereof.

Among these, it is particularly preferable to use petroleum crude oil, B heavy oil, or C heavy oil.

Water may be mixed into the pulverized coal-oil mixture or added by the manufacturer, but the volume of water increases transportation costs, storage costs, and other general and administrative costs. ,
Furthermore, it is not preferable because it steals the heat of evaporation and increases heat loss, so the smaller the amount, the better.

On the other hand, since water has the property of improving the stability of the pulverized coal-oil mixture and has the effect of reducing NOx and bidine in the exhaust gas during combustion, a small amount of water is allowed.

Therefore, the total water content is preferably 7% by weight or less, and there is no problem even if it is not contained at all.

Since it is not necessary to actively add water, the amount of water added should normally be 3% by weight or less.

The additive for pulverized coal-oil mixture according to the present invention has a molecular weight of 3
000 to 100,000 polyether or its derivative as an essential component.

The polyether mentioned here can be represented by the general formula 4), where Z is a starting material residue for the reaction having various functional groups, and various alkylene oxides, such as ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, etc. Oxides and the like may generally be subjected to an addition reaction under pressure using a catalyst such as an alkali or an acid.

Epichlorohydrin, enalene carbonate, and tetrahydrofuran can also be reacted.

R is an alkylene oxide residue, such as ethylene, propylene, butylene group, and n is the number of moles of alkylene oxide.

RO may be a single substance or two or more types, and the arrangement order thereof may be a block copolymerization type or a random copolymerization type.

However, if the surfactant is a copolymer type, it is generally a block copolymer type, and preferably ethylene oxide is added to make the terminal a hydrophilic group.

Examples of the starting materials for Z include aliphatic alcohols, alicyclic alcohols, aromatic alcohols, aliphatic amines, alicyclic amines, aromatic amines, the above polyhydric alcohols, the above polyhydric amines, and phenol. Amides, aliphatic carboxylic acids, alicyclic carboxylic acids, aromatic carboxylic acids, derivatives of the above drugs containing one or more functional groups in the molecule, water, ammonia, urea, dicyandiamide,
It may be a halogenated organic substance, a cyanate compound, etc., as long as it has one or more functional groups capable of reacting with alkylene oxide in its molecule.

Further, m in the general formula is a number that is the same as or smaller than the functional number of the starting material, and means that the alkylene oxide may be bonded to all the functional numbers or only to a part of the functional numbers.

The amount of the starting material and alkylene oxide to be charged may be adjusted so that the above-mentioned polyether has a molecular weight of 3,000 to 1,000,000.

Further, the average molecular weight can be easily determined by measuring the OH value of the reaction product.

Furthermore, a polymer having a molecular weight of 3,000 to 100,000 is more preferable.

Further, derivatives of the above polyethers are also effective.

However, the present invention is not limited to the above.

Further, the additive for pulverized coal-oil mixtures of the present invention can provide a stable pulverized coal-oil mixture by adding a very small amount of 1% by weight or less.

The upper limit was set to 1% by weight for economic reasons; for example, even if the content is 0.5% by weight or less, excellent effects can be achieved.

Further, this essential component may be used in combination with an anionic, cationic, nonionic, or amphoteric surfactant, but it must be present in an amount of 5% or more, preferably 20% or more of the total amount of additives.

The agent of the present invention is produced by pulverized coal with an average particle size of 200μ or less obtained by pulverizing coal in oil, preferably by heating and vigorous stirring at any point in the production process.
When used in pulverized coal-oil mixtures containing at least 0% by weight, the above-mentioned outstanding effects are achieved.

The mechanism by which these agents can exhibit outstanding effects even with a small amount of added O is that these agents are adsorbed onto the surface of the powdered coal particles in the oil, and their molecular weight is large and bulky. It is assumed that this is in a place where aggregation can be prevented.

In addition, the surface of coal particles is hydrophilic and polar organic compounds are easily adsorbed, but when coal is ground in oil, the surface of the powdered coal particles does not come into contact with air, compared to the surface of particles produced by dry grinding. Easy to stay active.

The drug of the present invention strongly binds to the surface of the above-mentioned highly hydrophilic and highly active fine powder particles, and exhibits its outstanding effects even under various severe conditions.

Further, the reason why it is preferable to apply heating and strong stirring at any point in the manufacturing process is to increase the activity of the particle surface and the adsorption of the drug.

Strong stirring is usually 2 m/Se or more, preferably 10 m/Se.
This refers to adding a shear with a linear velocity higher than SeC, and stirring can be done by any type of propeller, turbine, etc. This strong stirring increases the activity of the powdered coal particle surface and increases the chance of contact between the chemical and the particle surface. do.

In addition, heating is preferably 50°C, preferably 70°C or higher,
The temperature may be raised to around 200°C.

Strong stirring or heating may be applied at any time, such as when coal is crushed in oil, when a chemical is added after crushing, during storage, or when transported through a pipe.

Although this drug is effective even without heating or strong stirring, the effect increases approximately twice when these conditions are added.

Since this mixture utilizes the additive of the present invention, it is extremely stable for more than 3 months at room temperature and more than 1 month at 70°C, with almost no difference in performance between the upper and lower layers. Even when burned with other liquid fuels, the combustion can be similar to that of ordinary liquid fuels.

Furthermore, the water in this mixture exhibits positive effects such as improving flammability, reducing byzine, and reducing NOx.

It is not a problem to use rust preventive agents, anti-pollution agents, combustion improvers, etc., if necessary.

Typical examples using the additive for pulverized coal-oil mixtures of the present invention are described below.

Example

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A pulverized coal-oil mixture containing at least 20 to 70% by weight of pulverized coal obtained by pulverizing coal in oil. An additive for pulverized coal-oil mixtures, which is used to improve properties and is characterized by containing as an essential component a polyether or a derivative thereof having a molecular weight of 3,000 to 100,000.