JPS5826294B2 - Seedling bed soil using purified water waste soil, etc. - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention is directed to silt washing in water purification plants (hereinafter referred to as water washing).

) is used as a bed for raising seedlings, and the present invention relates to a bed for raising seedlings, which is made by blending a specific mixture with the above-mentioned washing with purified water.

At present, after washing with water, it is disposed of in the discharged state, or after drying, it is disposed of by methods such as sea dumping, landfilling, etc., and is hardly utilized.

Of course, various attempts have been made in various fields to use purified water-washed soil as a bed for raising seedlings, but compared to general soil, it lacks viscosity, water retention, and inferior fertilizing ability. In addition to common drawbacks such as lack of crop micronutrients, those that use water glass as a flocculant for washing have an abnormally high degree of base saturation, and those that use acrylamide as a flocculant In some cases, the amount of ammonia nitrogen derived from this flocculant becomes abnormally high, and there is a high risk of problems such as salinity problems, which require the most attention when raising crop seedlings, so it has not been put into practical use. .

Therefore, it is only used as part of the raw material for general seedling beds after being heat sterilized and granulated before being pulverized.

The lack of viscosity when washing with purified water is a fatal drawback when used on beds for raising seedlings.

In box-raised paddy rice seedlings, after the seedlings have been raised, the seedlings are removed from the seedling box, placed in a rice transplanter, and then transplanted. However, the seedling mats tend to fall off the floor, causing the seedling mats to crumble and hinder rice transplanting.

On the other hand, in the case of horticultural crops such as vegetables, flowers, tobacco, etc., the pot is generally called a pot, which is placed on a bed that allows the roots to adhere to it when transplanted.

The soil on the floor spills out of the pot, making the pot easy to collapse and resulting in poor rooting.

The present invention explains that the cause of this problem is that the clay and humus are originally rich in quality clay and humus during washing with water, but during drying, the clay etc. were quenched and the characteristics of clay and humus were lost. This is based on the knowledge that there is.

The problem with crop growth was that, although the country was blessed with excellent clay and humus, the content of bases such as sodium derived from water glass used as a flocculant increased, and the base content of clay and humus increased. It was found that because the substituents were saturated and the clay and humus were denatured or lost due to the effects of heating and drying, the fertilizer retention ability was poor and fertilization problems such as salt concentration problems were likely to occur.

As mentioned above, there are various problems with water purification due to the lack of good clay and humus due to acquired causes, but furthermore, in such soil, crops are They are either deficient in trace metal elements such as manganese and iron that are essential for growth, or they have been made inaccessible.

For the above reasons, it is almost impossible to immediately use the water-washed surface as a bed for raising seedlings, even if it has been sterilized by heat and granulated. The only effective way to use it is to use it as a.

The present invention relates to a bed for growing and raising seedlings containing a specific mixture in order to make a bed for raising seedlings using purified water, which is a household or industrial waste, as a bed for raising seedlings.

And, the washing which is the object of the present invention is the washing with purified water of domestic industrial waste, and its characteristic is that the particle size should be 37 nm or less, and even if it is in the form of powder, there is no problem.

Of course, if the particle size is large, it can be used after being crushed.

The types of raw materials and their blending ratios for the mixture in the present invention are determined by detailed investigation of the characteristics on water purification, and the effects thereof are as shown in the examples.

The contents of the mixture are as follows.

B. High-quality clay: Measure the base displacement capacity of the washing surface and the type and content of the substituted bases contained, determine the degree of base saturation, and further include the amount of base to be fertilized to ensure that the degree of base saturation on the seedling bed is 80%.
Make it as follows.

On the other hand, since there are many types of high-quality clay, it is necessary to determine the type and amount to be added by examining the base substitution capacity, substitutable base, and base saturation.

And, as a type of superior clay, base displacement capacity is 30 m
E or more is suitable, and the addition amount is 30 to 80 parts.

In this example, one with a base substitution capacity of 100 me was used.

B. Nutrient humus: The amount added is determined by referring to the humus content of natural soil.

Since there are many types of nutritional humus, the appropriate amount to add is 10 to 70 parts.

The nutrient humus used in this example is the most common peat moss.

C. The purpose of using the two polymer compounds for promoting agglomeration is to form agglomerates on the floor, and the amount to be added and whether or not to add them are determined by the type of washing and the type of bed soil.

Further, regarding the type and amount of the polymer compound to be added, refer to known literature.

In this example, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA
)It was used.

2. Trace elements: These materials come in a variety of varieties, including those with single ingredients, those with complex ingredients, and those with integrated ingredients.

Considering the characteristics of being on a bed for raising seedlings, it is preferable to use a product with comprehensive ingredients and fast-acting properties.

In this example, mine slag is used as a raw material, and the amount added is 0.1 to 0, with Mn as a reference, based on natural soil.
．． It was set as part 01.

E. pH adjuster: Sulfuric acid, sulfur powder, and peat moss are suitable as the pH adjuster when changing alkalinity to acidity.

In addition, various lime materials are suitable for adjusting acidic soil to slightly acidic soil.

How to adjust the pH on the bed depends on the type of crop, so the type and amount of the pH adjuster to be added must be determined depending on the type of washing and the type of crop.

In this example, a pH 7 purified water wash was used and peat moss was added, so no pH adjuster was used.

F. Fertilizer nutrients: Crop nutrients other than trace elements must be determined depending on the washing type, crop type, and seedling raising method.

For example, in washing using acrylamide as a flocculant, the nitrogen content is high and there is often no need to fertilize with nitrogen components.

Furthermore, in terms of crop types, fertilization is applied more to paddy rice, and less to vegetables, flowers, etc.

Furthermore, even for paddy rice, a large amount of fertilizer is sufficient for raising seedlings in cold weather, while a small amount is sufficient for raising seedlings in warm weather.

Therefore, it is preferable to know the content of fertilizer components in the washing process and determine the amount of fertilizer applied according to cultivation practices.

The amount of the above-mentioned mixture of the present invention added to the wash is determined by the type and amount of superior clay in the mixture.

The appropriate amount of the mixture to be added to 95 to 70 parts of waste soil is 5 to 30 parts.

In addition, washing and blending the mixture are extremely easy.
For small quantities, a combination machine can be used, and for large quantities, various blending machines can be used.

In addition, the water purification washing top, which is the main raw material on the floor of the present invention, is not limited to the washing top of a water purification plant as the wording says, but also the washing top having the same form and properties as this, such as those listed as reference examples in the examples. It goes without saying that this includes the washing up of silica sand extraction sites and the waste dry soil.

Example 1 The mixture according to the present invention was blended and manufactured by the method described above.

This is Sample A, the one obtained by removing the high quality clay and replacing it with nutritive humus is Sample B, and the one obtained by removing the nutritive humus and replacing it with high quality clay is Sample C1. Samples were taken after replacing with humus, and all trace elements were removed.

The sample in which this was replaced with nutritive humus was called Sample E.

The blending ratio etc. are as shown in Table 1.

10 parts of the above mixture was mixed with 90 parts of purified water, and seedlings of paddy rice for rice transplanters were raised according to the conventional method. Table 2 shows the results of observing the growth status of the seedlings 14 days after sowing. Shown below.

According to the results of this example, the water purification alone section is as follows:
Although the plants were growing vigorously, they were clearly getting longer.

Furthermore, both the germination rate and the seedling growth rate are poor, and the root development is poor, making it difficult to put it to practical use.

Group A, in which the mixture was added to the washing, had both germination rate and seedling growth rate equal to or slightly superior to the standard group.

It showed vigorous growth, but no tendency to grow taller was observed.

The results showing vigorous growth reflected the influence of the raw materials for the first surface bone, as shown in the figure.

Next, if washing was used and the seedling mat taken out from the seedling nursery box was placed on the rice transplanter and rice transplanted, dropping the seedlings on the floor would be a problem, so the seedlings raised in this example were placed in the rice transplanter. We cut it out and measured the amount it would fall on the floor.

The results are shown in Table 3.

In addition, the cutting of seedlings using a rice transplanter is 1 crrL x 1c.
IrL, the thickness above the bed was approximately 3 CIrL.

Based on the above results, 40% of the floor falls during washing,
With mixture addition A, there was almost no dropout, and with the addition of other mixtures, the results clearly showed the influence of each raw material.

Example 2 Washed with purified water and pulverized material, and as a reference example, washed silica sand collection site, pulverized waste dry soil, and air-dried powder from mountain sand collected and washed. Ten parts of the mixture corresponding to sample name A of Example 1 were added to 90 parts of each sample to prepare a bed, and rice seedlings were raised in boxes, and the effects were compared with those of commercially available granular beds.

From the above results, when manufacturing a mixture, it is most preferable to decide the type and blending ratio of raw materials by considering the type of washing. However, the mixture used in this example is suitable for various washing This shows that it has wide adaptability.

Example 3 Vegetable seedlings were raised using the purified water waste bed (grain) prepared in Example 2 and the silica sand washed (grain) bed as a reference example.

It was used first as a seed bed and then as a pot for raising pots.

Judging from the above results, there are substances that inhibit germination in purified water waste soil, and when the mixture is added and placed on the bed, the germination inhibition disappears. It is speculated that there is.

The tomato seedlings grown in the germination test were transplanted into 500 cc soft vinyl pots.

The pots were placed on a bed similar to that used for the germination bed, and compared with standard soil.

Compared to other vegetables, tomato seedlings are a crop whose growing period is relatively long and the quality of the seedlings is easily influenced by the seedling growing conditions.

According to this example, compared to the conventional nursery bed, the performance of water purification and washing itself is inferior, but when the mixture of the present invention is added to the water purification and the bed is placed on the bed, the performance is as good as that of the general practice bed soil. The results were comparable.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. 70 to 95 parts of purified water washing top, a. Base replacement capacity 30
30-80 parts of superior clay of me or higher, 10 parts of nutritive humus
~70 parts, C. 0 to 30 parts of a polymer compound to promote soil agglomeration, 2. Comprehensive micronutrients necessary for crop growth, at least 0.1 to 0.01 part of Mn; A bed soil for raising seedlings, which is made by blending 5 to 30 parts of a mixture consisting of: (1) an appropriate amount of a soil pH adjuster; and (2) an appropriate amount of fertilizer nutrients necessary for the growth of seedlings.