JPS5826997B2 - Human waste processing method and device - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for treating human waste.

In order to incinerate the human waste filtrate in a concentrated state, when the exhaust gas from the incinerator is supplied as a heating medium to an indirect heating heat exchanger (scrubber concentrator, evaporator, etc.) for concentrating the human waste filtrate,
If exhaust gas from an incinerator is directly fed into a heat exchanger, the inorganic salts contained in the exhaust gas will adhere to and accumulate on the heat transfer surface inside the heat exchanger due to the temperature drop in the exhaust gas, causing a rapid decrease in heat exchange efficiency. A problem arises.

In addition, because the heat exchange between exhaust gas and urine filtrate is a liquid gas method,
When scale adheres to the gas side, the overall heat transfer coefficient suddenly decreases, not only does the heat exchange efficiency decrease, but also the heat exchanger is susceptible to corrosion and burnout due to the oxidizing effect of salts.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adds water spray to the exhaust gas generated in the incinerator to reduce the temperature to the freezing point of the inorganic salts and turn it into a humid gas, and also solidifies the vapor and fume of the inorganic salts by reducing the temperature. After removing inorganic salts, the humid exhaust gas with a reduced inorganic salt content is introduced into a concentrator for filtrate concentration as a heat transfer medium, and the foul-smelling gas generated in the concentrator is incinerated in a deodorizing furnace to reduce the inorganic salt content. The exhaust gas from the deodorizing furnace, which has almost no gas, is directly introduced as a heating medium into the evaporator for concentrating the filtrate, and the malodorous gas generated in the evaporator is incinerated in the deodorizing furnace, thereby effectively recovering heat. It is characterized by
Next, it will be explained with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1, the concentrated filtrate receiving tank 3 includes a first chamber 1 and a second chamber 2, and the first chamber 1 is always supplied with human waste filtrate up to a certain level from a pipe 4.

The human waste filtrate in the first chamber 1 is pressurized by a pump 5 connected to the bottom, and is supplied to the chamber 8 of the scrubber concentrator 7 through a vibro.

This scrubber concentrator 7 is equipped with a large number of water pipes 11 whose upper and lower ends are open at the upper and lower headers 9 and 10, and the water pipes 11 communicate with the chamber 8 at the header 9 and at the lower end of the header 10. The chamber 12 is connected to a mist separator 13.

The main body of the concentrator 7 includes a humid exhaust gas outlet 14 and an exhaust gas outlet 15 so as to communicate with the bottom of the external space of the group of water pipes 11.
and a concentrated water outlet 16 are provided, and a partition wall 17 that divides the space outside the water pipe 11 into left and right sides projects upward from the lower header 10.

Wash water spray nozzles 18, 19 are installed in the upper part of the bulkhead 17 and in the inlet 14, and these nozzles are connected to the outlet of the pump 23 through pipes 20, 21, 22,
The suction port of the pump 23 communicates with the bottom of the condensate receiving tank 24 .

The inlet 14 is connected to a humid exhaust gas outlet 27 of a temperature-reduced inorganic salt coagulation separator 26 through a duct 25 having a cyclone 74, and the exhaust gas outlet 15 is connected to an exhaust pipe 71 through a duct 28 and a blower 29 to collect condensed water. The outlet 16 is connected to the receiving tank 24 through a pipe 32.

The bottom of the first chamber 1 is connected via a pump 34 and a pipe 35 to an inlet 37 of an evaporator 36, and the filtrate outlet 38 of the evaporator 36 communicates via a pipe 39 to the second chamber 2 and thus the second Inside chamber 2 is a concentrated filtrate.

The bottom of the second chamber 2 is connected to an atomizer 43 of an incinerator 42 through a pump 40 and a pipe 41, and a separate line 44 to an air compressor is connected to the atomizer 43, thus concentrating human waste. Filtrate is atomizer 4
The spray 45 is ejected from the part 3 into the incinerator 42.

A burner 47 that forms a flame 46 surrounding the spray 45 is attached to the incinerator 42, and this flame 46 causes the incinerator 4 to
2 becomes an atmosphere of 700° C. or higher, and the inorganic salts contained in the spray 45 evaporate and become fume-like.

The bottom of the incinerator 42 forms a residue incinerator 48,
The residue introduced from the inlet 49 is incinerated by the descending flame.

The outlet 50 of the incinerator 42 is still at a high temperature of about 750°C, and the inorganic salts are present in the form of a fume, but this fume-like salt is solidified by the reduced-temperature inorganic salt coagulation separator 26 in the next step. separated.

The separator 26 is equipped with a liquid reservoir 51 and a salt reservoir 52 at the bottom, and a passage that meanders up and down as shown by the arrow is formed by a partition wall 53 rising upward from the bottom wall and a partition wall 54 projecting downward from the earthen wall. Cooling water spray nozzles 56,57 are installed in the upper part of the liquid reservoir 51 and in the inlet 55, and each spray nozzle 56,57 is connected to the outlet of the pump 23 through the pipe 22.

The high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator 42 is cooled at the separator 26 by water ejected from the spray nozzles 56, 57, and at the outlet 27 the temperature drops to about 140° C. and at the same time becomes humid exhaust gas.

When the temperature of the exhaust gas rapidly decreases within the separator 26 and the temperature drops below 220 to 250°C, the inorganic salts solidify and fall into the salt reservoir 52 as shown by the broken line arrow.

The accumulated salts are discharged onto a conveyor 58 as appropriate.

59 is a conveyor for discharging scum.

A low-temperature, humid exhaust gas containing almost no inorganic salts is discharged from the outlet 27 of the separator 26, and this humid exhaust gas passes through a cyclone 74, in which the solid content is removed and then heated by the scrubber concentrator 7. As a medium, it enters the bottom of the outside space of the water pipe 11 from the population 14, easily ascends into the many water pipes 11, changes direction by the partition wall 17 and descends, and passes from the outlet 15 through the duct 28 and the blower 29 to the exhaust pipe. 7
Sent to 1.

The human waste filtrate supplied from the first chamber 1 flows down into the water pipe 11, and as it flows down, it receives the latent heat of steam condensation from the humid exhaust gas passing outside the water pipe and evaporates. is supplied to the deodorizing furnace 30 through a duct 61, and in order to increase efficiency, a vacuum device (for example, a blower 75) is provided in the middle of the duct 61 to evaporate at a low temperature.

The concentrated liquid is returned to the first chamber 1 through the vibro 2, and if the degree of vacuum in the tube is large, a pump is provided between the vibro 2 to send the concentrated filtrate to a receiving tank 3.

By repeating such a cycle, the concentration of the human waste filtrate in the first chamber 1 increases.

The general structure of the deodorizing furnace 30 and the evaporator 36 will be explained.

The deodorizing furnace 30 has roughly the same structure as the incinerator 42,
64 is a burner, 65 is a foul-smelling gas nozzle, and 66 is an exhaust gas outlet, which is connected to the exhaust gas inlet 68 of the evaporator 36 through a duct 67.

The exhaust gas outlet 69 of the evaporator 36 is connected to the vibro 9a and the exhaust fan 7.
0 to an exhaust pipe 71, and the malodorous gas (steam) output lower 2 is connected to a nozzle 65 via a duct 73.

The evaporator 36 in FIG. 1 has a built-in preheater in a case 77, a pipe 35 is connected to the preheater 37, and the outlet lower 9 passes through a pipe 80 to a plurality of spray ports 81 provided on the upper wall of the case.
It is connected to the spray nozzle 97 inside.

A horizontal drum 82 is fixed inside the case 77, and inside the drum 82, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a shaft 84 having a large number of stirring impellers 83 connects an end wall 85 of the drum 82 to keep it liquid-tight. The end of the shaft that penetrates the drum 82 while being held and projects outside the drum 82 is rotatably supported by a bearing 86, and a drive chain 88 is hooked around a sprocket 87 fixed to one end of the shaft 84.

The other end of the chain 88 is connected to a sprocket of a deceleration motor (both not shown).

Each impeller 83 includes a plurality of radial support plates 89 fixed to a shaft 84 and a cylindrical rim plate 9 fixed to the outer edge of the support plates 89.
0 and a large number of radial blades 91 fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the rim plate 90, and facing the inner peripheral surface of the drum 82 with a slight gap.

A spiral fin 92 is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the drum 82, and the outer peripheral edge of the spiral fin 92 contacts the case inner cylinder 93 to form a spiral passage 94 between the case inner cylinder 93 and the drum 82. One end of this passage 94 is connected to the exhaust gas inlet 68 and the other end is connected to the exhaust gas outlet 69.

A heat insulating material 95 is filled in the lower half of the space between the case 77 and the case inner cylinder 93, which is partitioned by a partition wall 94a as shown in FIG. A spray nozzle 97 projects downward from the spray port 81.

The lower end of the space 96 communicates with the inside of the drum 82 via a pipe 98.

During operation of the device, high-temperature exhaust gas flowing in from the inlet 68 passes through the spiral passage 94 while swirling and is discharged from the exhaust gas outlet 69, giving heat to the drum 82 and the case inner cylinder 93 during the operation.

On the other hand, the filtrate injected from the nozzle 97 into the space 96 adheres to the case inner cylinder 93, forms a liquid film and flows down, receives heat from the case inner cylinder 93 and evaporates, and the concentrated filtrate vapor is transferred to the pipe. 98 and enters the drum 82.

Since a plurality of impellers 83 are rotating at high speed inside the drum 82, the filtrate rotating together with the blades 91 is pressed against the inner surface of the drum 82 by centrifugal force, forming a liquid film, and the drum 8
It receives heat from 2, evaporates, and reaches the outlet 38 in a concentrated state.

The malodorous gas generated within the drum 82 is supplied from the outlet lower 2 to the deodorizing furnace 30.

As explained above, the concentrated filtrate of human waste in the second chamber 2 is injected from the atomizer 43 into the incinerator 42 and incinerated there, and the generated high-temperature exhaust gas is directly supplied to the scrubber concentrator 7. Instead, it enters the temperature-reduced inorganic salt coagulation separator 26, where the spray nozzles 56, 5
By cooling water supplied from 7, approximately 75
Since the temperature is rapidly reduced from 0°C to about 140°C at the outlet 27, when the temperature drops below 220 to 250°C, the inorganic salts in the exhaust gas become solid F and the salt reservoir 5
Accumulates to 2.

Therefore, the exhaust gas supplied to the indirect heating scrubber concentrator 7 has a low temperature of approximately 140°C and is humid.
Combined with the action of the cleaning water added from the spray nozzle 1819, the water quickly condenses on the outer surfaces of the numerous water pipes 11,
The heat exchange in the concentrator 7 approaches a liquid-liquid type, and the overall heat transfer coefficient increases greatly) and the heat exchange efficiency improves.

Furthermore, since inorganic salts do not adhere to the surface of the water pipe 11, it is possible to reliably prevent staining and corrosion of the heat transfer surface and the resulting decrease in heat exchange efficiency.

Furthermore, since the temperature of the exhaust gas supplied to the concentrator 7 is sufficiently low,
There is no fear of burnout of the concentrator 7, and the durability of the device is improved.

The foul-smelling gas generated in the concentrator 7 is transferred to the mist separator 13.
Vibro 1 from the part. The malodorous gas (steam) generated in the evaporator 36 is supplied to the deodorizing furnace 30 through the blower 75 (pressure reducing device), and the malodorous gas (steam) generated in the evaporator 36 is also supplied to the deodorizing furnace 30 through the duct 73, so the malodorous gas is treated in a completely closed system. This eliminates the risk of odor pollution.

In addition, the heat in the exhaust gas from the incinerator 42 is transferred to the concentrator 7 and the deodorizing furnace 3.
Since the heat in the zero exhaust gas is recovered by the evaporator 36, thermal efficiency is improved.

According to the present invention, soot and dust are generated all at once in the incinerator 42, and the generated soot and dust is transferred to the separator 26 and the concentrator 7.
The gas is treated cleanly in the concentrator 7, the heat is recovered in the concentrator 7, and the foul-smelling gas is treated in the deodorizing furnace 30.
Moreover, since the heat of the deodorizing furnace 30 is recovered by the evaporator 36, human waste can be efficiently processed without causing foul odor pollution.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram showing a main part of the apparatus according to the present invention in longitudinal section, FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the evaporator of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view. 3... Concentrated filtrate receiving tank, 7... Scrubber concentrator, 26... Temperature-reduced inorganic salt coagulation separator,
3o... Deodorizing furnace, 36... Evaporator, 4
2... Incinerator, 72... Offensive gas outlet.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. After incinerating the concentrated filtrate of human waste and removing solidified salts by adding water spray to the exhaust gas and reducing the temperature to the freezing point of inorganic salts, a humid exhaust gas with a reduced salt content is obtained. is introduced as a heating medium into a concentrator for concentrating the filtrate, the malodorous gas generated by the concentrator is incinerated in a deodorizing furnace, and the exhaust gas from the deodorizing furnace is introduced as a heating medium into an evaporator for concentrating the filtrate. A method for treating human waste, characterized in that the malodorous gas generated in the deodorizing furnace is incinerated. 2 A concentrated filtrate receiving tank, an incinerator that incinerates the concentrated filtrate in the filtrate receiving tank, a temperature-reducing inorganic salt coagulation separator that sprays water on the exhaust gas from the incinerator, and a humid exhaust gas from the separator. The evaporator is equipped with a concentrator for concentrating the filtrate that uses solar heating medium, a deodorizing furnace that incinerates the foul-smelling gas generated by the concentrator, and an evaporator for concentrating the filtrate that uses the exhaust gas of the deodorizing furnace as the heating medium. A human waste processing device characterized in that a foul-smelling gas outlet is connected to a deodorizing furnace.