JPS582703B2 - Extinguishing agent for water-soluble flammable liquids - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a novel extinguishing agent for use in extinguishing fires of water-soluble flammable liquids having hydrophilic properties, such as alcohols, ketones, etc.

In recent years, with the development of the chemical industry, the production and use of hydrophilic flammable liquids such as alcohols and ketones has been enormous, and methanol in particular has been used as a raw material for the chemical industry and as a non-polluting fuel in general. Needless to say, he is in the spotlight.

However, it is ineffective to use conventionally known fire extinguishing agents as they are as extinguishing means for these liquid fires.

This is because conventional protein foam fire extinguishing agents, surfactant-based foam fire extinguishing agents, and water-based film fire extinguishing foams are designed to be effective against fires involving flammable liquids that are insoluble in water, such as gasoline, light oil, or heavy oil. If this is used to extinguish a fire involving a hydrophilic flammable liquid, the moment the foam of the foam comes into contact with the hydrophilic flammable liquid, the foam moisture will turn into the flammable liquid. This is because the foam film of the extinguishing agent cannot be formed on the surface of the flammable liquid because it is dissolved and cannot maintain its foam state and disappears.

In order to improve this point, the present inventors have subsequently conducted various experiments and research.

For example, the main ingredient is hydrolyzed and concentrated protein, and a large amount of metal soap is added to this, and water and alcohol are devised to cover the foam with unnecessary metal soap to prevent the foam from disappearing. This is also one of the results achieved by the present inventors.

This has made it possible to extinguish water-soluble flammable liquid fires, which was previously considered impossible.

However, the production of such foam fire extinguishing agents requires various complicated processes such as hydrolysis of animal and plant proteins, gives off a bad odor, and quality-wise, the animal and plant proteins used as raw materials vary depending on the season and production area. It is unstable.

In addition, the product itself deteriorates, deteriorates, and separates after 3 to 5 years, and the fluidity of the foam deteriorates significantly.
Performance deteriorates and it becomes ineffective as a fire extinguishing agent.

In particular, during use, the concentrated liquid and water are mixed at a certain ratio to form an aqueous solution, which is then turned into foam using a foamer. However, if it takes a long time to foam, the metal soap will separate and suspend, causing the original fire extinguishing effect to disappear. There is a drawback that performance cannot be achieved.

Furthermore, the disposal of old fire extinguishing foam also causes problems in terms of pollution.

Then, instead of the animal and plant hydrolysis concentrate, it was developed to use a hydrocarbon-based surfactant as the main ingredient, and to add metal soap to this to provide alcohol resistance.

In addition, alcohol resistance has been improved by adding starch hydrolyzate and water-soluble polymer compounds (carboxymethylcellulose, mannan, gum arabic, casein, polyvinyl alcohol, pectin, sodium acrylate, and sodium alginate). However, it was not put to practical use due to problems with separation of metal soap, precipitation, non-foaming due to seawater, and heat resistance.

Therefore, the present invention maintains alcohol resistance without using animal and plant hydrolysis concentrates, metal soaps, or starch hydrolysates, and maintains foam water retention and transit time properties (
The longer the time until foaming is achieved in an aqueous solution of a certain concentration, the better), and has succeeded in developing a fire extinguishing agent for water-soluble flammable liquids that can improve foam stability and heat resistance. Specifically, one or more water-soluble polymer compounds such as carboxymethyl cellulose, mannan, gum arabic, casein, polyvinyl alcohol, pectin, sodium acrylate, and sodium alginate are treated with fluorine-based surfactants. Among them, carbon number is 7-8, fluorine number is 15-17
A foaming agent with excellent water and oil repellency is added, and if necessary, one or more of guanidine salts, sulfates, and phosphates are added to improve the heat resistance of the foam.
It is characterized by improved fire extinguishing ability.

In other words, fire extinguishing foam is generally a foamed aqueous solution of a certain concentration, which dissolves infinitely in alcohol, and as a result, the foam disappears instantly.

For these reasons, additives are infinitely soluble in water, but desirably are dehydrated to form insoluble substances in alcohols.

In addition, the foam itself has water retention properties, has good foam stability and adhesion to combustible materials, and has excellent foaming properties as a main agent, and if the foam has good heat resistance, it can extinguish fire. Ideal as a drug.

Water-soluble polymer compounds such as carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) are suitable for meeting the above requirements.

That is, the above-mentioned water-soluble polymer compound such as CMC is soluble in water but insoluble in alcohols, and forms a gel-like film (pseudo-plastic film) on the surface of the alcohol solution, and at the same time foams. Water-retention properties of foam (contains and retains water in its freshly formed state),
Very good in terms of foam stability (foam particles remain freshly formed for a long time) and foam stickiness.

In addition to the above-mentioned CMC, examples of this type of water-soluble polymer compound include mannan, gum arabic, casein, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium acrylate, and sodium alginate.

All of the water-soluble polymer compounds mentioned above are alcohol-resistant, and by adding one or more of them, it is possible to form a gel-like film on the liquid surface.

However, there are some problems with heat resistance, and if the temperature of the flammable liquid rises extremely in the event of a fire, it may not be effective in extinguishing the fire.

Therefore, in preparation for such a case, the heat resistance can also be improved by adding a certain type of salt.

In other words, although salts generally improve heat resistance by adding salts, many of them tend to inhibit the foaming function of the blowing agent. As a result of experiments, we selected guanidine salts, sulfates, and phosphates as salts without
By adding one or more of them, we succeeded in not only improving heat resistance but also promoting the adhesive action of the water-soluble polymer compound.

Next, as blowing agents, as mentioned above, general animal and plant hydrolysis concentrates have problems in terms of long-life stability, and hydrocarbon surfactants have problems with heat resistance and water usage. Among the foaming agents using general fluorine-based surfactants, foaming agents with particularly excellent water and oil repellency, as well as compatibility and stability with the above-mentioned water-soluble polymer compounds and guanidine salts, sulfates, and phosphates, A fluorine-based surfactant that is extremely good and has an arrangement of oil-repellent groups toward the outside and hydrophilic groups toward the inside, especially those containing 7 to 8 carbon atoms and 15 to 17 fluorine atoms. Use.

An example of the above-mentioned fluorine-based surfactant is as follows.

CCs F,7 SO2 NH(CH2)3N (
CH3 )3 1:l+1-CC7F1,CONH(C
H2)3N(C'H3)3:)+l-C 7F15CO
NH (CH2)3 N+(CH3)2 CH
2 CH2 C 00C8F,7S02N(C2H,)
C■]2COOK( (CFs)2 CFO (
CF2 ) 5 CONH ( CH2 ) 3 N (
CH3)3 1) '-1-? Furthermore, as a hydrocarbon surfactant, C1H2,N+(CH3)2CH2C00-C18■{
It is also conceivable that only the foamability is improved by adding 100 liters of 37N(CH3)3.

The fluorine-based surfactant used in the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned examples, but those that can obtain substantially the same effect as the fluorine-based surfactant include those having at least 7 to 8 carbon atoms;
It must have a fluorine number of 15 to 17.

The above blowing agents have extremely good alcohol resistance and compatibility with water-soluble polymer compounds, additives such as guanidine salts, etc., and are also excellent in long-term stability, and have a long transit time that is sufficient for practical use. 1 Example Composition 1 The extinguishing agent having each of the above compositions is used as a conventional extinguishing agent, that is, an alcohol-resistant foam extinguishing agent containing animal and plant protein as the main component and mixed with metal soap is used as an example of a conventional extinguishing agent. The contrast was tested by the following method.

(1) Foamability and Foam Stability Test The nozzle used in this test was a standard nozzle for water-forming foam extinguishing agents with a discharge pressure (7 kg/cm) and discharge volume (10 l/cm), and the foam collection method was used. This was done using a single form collector.

Moreover, the fire extinguishing agents of Examples 1 to 4 were used in the form of a bremix.

For the alcohol-resistant extinguishing agent shown in the conventional example, a line proportioner with a mixing ratio of 6 parts was used.

(2) Fire extinguishing experiment The nozzle used in this experiment was the same as the standard nozzle used in the foamability and foam stability tests.

However, for the alcohol-resistant extinguishing agent shown in the conventional example, a line proportioner with a mixing ratio of 6 parts was used.

The fire was extinguished using the Gooznet method by pouring 100 liters of methanol and acetone into an oil pan B-1o (based on the fire test) and pre-burning for 2 minutes.

The experimental results for (1) and (2) above are as follows.

In the above experiments, in all cases of compositions 1 to 4, a pseudo-plastic film (oblate effect) was formed on the surface of methanol or acetone, and the fluidity, stability, and alcohol resistance of the foam produced were extremely good. This was confirmed.

Furthermore, when one or more of quanidine salts, sulfates, and phosphates are added to the above composition, the extinguishing ability especially for A fires (ordinary fires such as wood) is improved without inhibiting the foaming function of the foaming agent. It was also confirmed that it was possible to lower the freezing point, ideally expanding the range of capabilities as a so-called fire extinguisher.

As is clear from the above examples, water-soluble polymers such as CMC, mannan, gum arabic, casein, polyvinyl alcohol, pectin, sodium acrylate, and sodium alginate can be used instead of conventional animal and plant protein hydrolysates and metal soaps. By adding a foaming agent with excellent water and oil repellency containing 7 to 8 carbon atoms and 15 to 17 fluorine atoms among fluorine-based surfactants to one or more compounds, alcohol, etc. A pseudo-plastic film can be formed on water-soluble flammable liquids, and an ideal hydrophilic extinguishing agent for flammable liquids can be obtained that has excellent water and oil repellency, heat resistance, and long-lasting effects. .

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Fluorine-based surfactant for one or more water-soluble polymer compounds of carboxymethyl cellulose, mannan, gum arabic, casein, polyvinyl alcohol, pectin, sodium acrylate, and sodium alginate. A fire extinguishing agent for water-soluble flammable liquids, characterized in that a foaming agent containing 7 to 8 carbon atoms and 15 to 17 fluorine atoms and having excellent water and oil repellency is added. 2 For one or more water-soluble polymer compounds of carboxymethyl cellulose, mannan, gum arabic, casein, polyvinyl alcohol, peyatine, sodium acrylate, and sodium alginate, a fluorine-based surfactant with 7 carbon atoms ~8. A water-soluble foam containing a foaming agent with excellent water and oil repellency containing fluorine numbers 15 to 17, and further adding one or more of guanidine salts, sulfates, or phosphates to improve the heat resistance of the foam. Extinguishing agent for flammable liquids.