JPS5827995B2 - Japanese succulents - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for simultaneously adsorbing and treating inorganic and organic contaminants in water.

Conventionally, an adsorption method using activated carbon has been adopted as a method for adsorbing organic pollutants in water.

Adsorption treatment using activated carbon is particularly effective when the concentration of pollutants in water is relatively low, and the treated water not only satisfies discharge standards as highly purified water but also can be used for wastewater reuse. It's almost possible.

However, even activated carbon, which has such excellent adsorption ability, has no adsorption ability at all for inorganic pollutants, with the exception of very few substances such as mercury.

Therefore, substances other than activated carbon, ie, various ion exchange materials, especially synthetic organic polymer ion exchangers, are used for the adsorption treatment of pollutants in water.

However, these ion exchange materials have no or very low processing ability for uncharged organic substances.

Currently, a method using reverse osmosis membranes is known as a method for simultaneously removing organic and inorganic contaminants from water, but treatment using this method is currently extremely expensive, and the amount of contaminants in water is sufficiently low. It is difficult to remove to a high concentration.

Furthermore, not only is membrane regeneration difficult, but there is also the problem of how to deal with concentrated contaminants produced by reverse osmosis processing.

Therefore, at present, the combination of activated carbon and ion exchange material is considered to be an advantageous method for removing organic and inorganic contaminants from water and obtaining sufficiently purified water.

However, in this case, the treatment with activated carbon and the treatment with an ion exchange material must be carried out in separate treatment towers, and the regeneration must be carried out using different regeneration apparatuses and different regeneration methods.

This is because the method for regenerating active 1<L coal and the method for regenerating ion exchange materials are completely different.

If activated carbon and ion exchange material are mixed and used in the same treatment tower, it is necessary to separate the two before regeneration, but as a practical matter, it is extremely difficult to separate the two, so Mixed use is currently not possible.

When a mixture of activated carbon and ion exchange material is regenerated using the conventional activated carbon regeneration method, the ion exchange material softens and melts due to the high temperature during regeneration, closing the pores of the activated carbon and impairing the adsorption capacity of the activated carbon. Not only is the ion-exchange material degraded, but the ion-exchange material is also damaged and loses its ion-exchange ability.

Furthermore, when a mixture of the two is treated by a regeneration method for ion exchange materials, the adsorption capacity of activated carbon is not recovered at all, except in very special cases, such as when phenols are adsorbed.

Therefore, in order to remove both organic and inorganic contaminants from water and obtain sufficiently purified water, treatment with activated carbon and treatment with ion-exchange materials are carried out in separate treatment towers, and regeneration is also carried out separately. The current situation is that complicated and expensive processing is required, which is performed using different methods.

As a result of intensive research to solve these problems, the inventors of the present invention discovered that carbonaceous materials having an infusible ion-exchange ability that can be transformed into activated carbon without softening or melting by treatment using conventional activated carbon regeneration methods. The present invention has been completed by discovering that the above-mentioned difficulties can be overcome by adding substances to activated carbon or using them in combination.

That is, the gist of the present invention resides in a method for simultaneously adsorbing and treating inorganic and organic pollutants in water, which is characterized by using an adsorbent made of activated carbon and an infusible carbonaceous substance having ion exchange ability. .

It goes without saying that the activated carbon part, which is one component of the adsorbent used in the method of the present invention, is a part that performs adsorption treatment for organic pollutants in water, and ordinary activated carbon can be used as desired. can.

As the infusible carbonaceous material having ion exchange ability which is another component of the adsorbent used in the method of the present invention, coal or wood material as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 47-6474.3 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 4917395) can be used. Carbonaceous materials obtained by treating petroleum-based heavy materials with sulfuric acid, such as Japanese Patent Application No. 4764744 (Japanese Patent Application No. 49-23795), Carbonaceous materials obtained by treating petroleum-based heavy materials with sulfuric acid, Japanese Patent Application No. 47-92551. (Unexamined Japanese Patent Publication No. 49-49892
) is obtained by reacting a petroleum-based heavy material with a sulfonating agent in the presence of a reaction medium as a dispersion medium; Carbonaceous material obtained by treating a carbonaceous material with a sulfonating agent other than sulfuric acid or a mixture of this sulfonating agent and sulfuric acid, Japanese Patent Application No. 4896413 (Japanese Patent Application No. 50-45799)
A carbonaceous material obtained by treating waste plastic or waste rubber with a sulfonating agent, or patent application No. 48134
091 or Japanese Patent Application No. 49-54148, by dissolving and/or dispersing a petroleum-based heavy substance in a reaction medium and sulfonating it while stirring in the presence of an insoluble, infusible substance and/or a powdery carbonaceous substance. A granular insoluble and infusible carbonaceous material obtained by reacting with the agent can be used.

That is, woody carbonaceous materials such as coconut shells and sawdust, bituminous coal,
Coal-based carbonaceous substances such as lignite, petroleum-based heavy residues obtained during distillation or decomposition of crude oil, carbonaceous polymer substances such as waste tires and waste plastics, or mixtures of two or more of these are treated with sulfuric acid, A thermally infusible carbonaceous material having an ion exchange capacity obtained by treatment with a smoke value acid, sulfuric anhydride or chlorosulfonic acid is used.

These are substances that can be easily activated and converted into excellent activated carbon in one step simply by activation treatment during a normal activated carbon production process without being carbonized.

In addition, these sulfonated products mentioned above become carbonaceous substances through oxidative dehydrogenation polycondensation, and at the same time undergo a sulfonation reaction with a sulfonating agent.
q/′? Therefore, these sulfonated products have an excellent adsorption ability for inorganic substances in water, especially inorganic contaminants carrying IIN charges such as various metal ions.

These are then heated to 700 °C or higher and treated with a gas containing water vapor, which is the usual regeneration method for activated carbon, to convert them into activated carbon that has an amazing ability to adsorb organic pollutants in water, and which can be used in the method of the present invention. It continues to be used as is as another component of the adsorbent.

And during this regeneration process, the activated carbon originally present is fully regenerated and restores its original excellent adsorption capacity for organic pollutants in the water.

That is, in the method of the present invention, when the activated carbon that is one component of the adsorbent is regenerated, the ion exchange material that is the other component of the adsorbent is simultaneously converted into activated carbon by the regeneration treatment of the activated carbon. By adding only the above-mentioned ion-exchangeable substance during the next use, it becomes possible to adsorb organic and inorganic contaminants at the same time during the next treatment.

That is, in other words, the present invention is to compensate for the loss of activated carbon due to normal regeneration methods with an infusible carbonaceous material having ion exchange properties that can easily become excellent activated carbon under normal regeneration conditions for activated carbon. This can be said to be a method for simultaneously adsorbing and treating organic and inorganic pollutants in water.

The addition ratio of activated carbon and carbonaceous material having infusible ion exchange properties varies depending on the regeneration yield of the activated carbon used and the proportion of organic and inorganic pollutants in the water to be treated, and is generally stipulated. However, the amount of activated carbon used is WA, the regeneration yield is A% (usually 80-90%), and the amount of infusible ion exchange carbonaceous material with 1□L used is wI. , Another method is to determine WA and wI as follows, assuming that the activation yield when activating this to produce activated carbon is B% (usually 30 to 0%).

There are no restrictions on the method of adding activated carbon and infusible carbonaceous substances with ion exchange ability.
Any method of addition may be used, for example, the two may be mixed and used, or they may be added in layers separated into the upper and lower parts of the treatment tower.

The present invention will be further explained below with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples, but these are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Example 1 Specific surface area 1200〆/'? , methylene blue adsorption power 30
5 m, 9/? The heavy residue obtained by further vacuum distillation of the residue obtained by under-distilling kraate crude oil on 80 parts of activated carbon having the properties of 80 parts of activated carbon having the properties of 3 obtained by processing
9 m eq /? 20 parts of an infusible carbon material having an ion exchange capacity of 20% was mixed.

This mixture 107 was filled into a glass tube with an inner diameter of 177rt7n, and contained phenols of 1100pp and 30pp.
A yellow colored waste water 41 of Hazencollar 500 with an evaporation residue of 250 m was passed downwardly at a flow rate of 1/h.

Table 1 shows the water quality before and after treatment. As described above, the method of the present invention showed excellent adsorption effects on both organic and inorganic pollutants.

The mixed adsorbent after the above water passage treatment is heated to 800'C,
10 by passing water vapor so as to exhibit a fluid state.
Played for minutes.

As a result, 82 recycled activated carbons were obtained.

The specific surface area of this regenerated activated carbon is 1150〆/Z, and the methylene blue adsorption power is 295■/'? It had properties comparable to those of the activated carbon used initially.

Comparative Example 1 The same activated carbon 10' as used in Example 1. The same wastewater was treated in the same manner as in Example 1.

Table 2 shows the water quality before and after treatment.

As is clear from Table 2, it had excellent treatment ability for organic contaminants, but had almost no treatment ability for inorganic contaminants.

Comparative Example 2 Infusible carbonaceous material 10' having the same ion exchange capacity as used in Example 1? The same wastewater was treated in the same manner as in Example 1.

Table 2 shows the water quality before and after treatment.

As is clear from Table 2, it had excellent treatment ability for inorganic contaminants, but had almost no treatment ability for organic contaminants.

Comparative Example 3 8 grams of activated carbon used in Example 1 and 2? commercially available cation exchange resin. The same wastewater was treated in the same manner as in Example 1 using a mixture of the following.

The phenol concentration in the treated water was less than 0.1 ppm, the Hazen color was reduced to 10, and the vapor residue was reduced to 4 ppm.

When the mixed adsorbent used in this water flow treatment was regenerated under the same conditions as shown in Example 1, a regenerated product was obtained with a yield of 8.22.

This material had a specific surface area of 780 square meters and an adsorption power of 150 square meters, which was extremely inferior to the activated carbon used initially.

Examples 2 to 5 Using the same mixed adsorbent 11' as used in Example 1, various metals as shown in Table 3 were added to the same wastewater as used in Example 1, and the same as in Example 1 was used. processed.

The water quality before and after treatment is summarized in Table 3.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A method for simultaneously adsorbing and treating inorganic and organic pollutants in water, which is characterized by using an adsorbent made of activated carbon and an infusible carbonaceous substance having ion exchange ability.