JPS583145B2 - gear system - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to eliminating backlash due to back clearance in a gear train.

A gear train engaged in series is used for the purpose of transmitting a rotation angle signal or transmitting power.

For example, it is implemented in a tuning device in a telecommunications device, a turning drive of an antenna device, and so on.

By the way, if such rotation transmission rotates only in one direction, there is a back gap that exists in the meshing part of the teeth between the gears, but if it rotates in the forward and reverse directions, it may cause angular errors or shocks. This may cause inconvenience.

Therefore, in order to eliminate this backlash and configure gear meshing, as shown in Fig. to the (nth
-1) Axis n-1 is provided with a large gear and a small gear, and the large gears and small gears of the respective adjacent shafts are meshed, and the large gear 1' of the first shaft is further meshed with the small gear 1'. The gear 01 is configured to be used as a driving gear to transmit rotation to the n-th axis while being decelerated, and the meshing large gear and small gear are each a pair of gears having the same number of teeth, and the gear 01 is configured to transmit rotation to the n-th axis while being decelerated. Tension springs (or compression springs, torsion springs, etc. may also be used) so that torsional force acts on each other.
There is one in which a pinion gear on the (n-1)th axis n1 is meshed with an integral gear n' on the nth axis with gears 9 interposed therebetween.

Alternatively, one of the gears on the same shaft may be integrated without a spring.

According to this configuration, the gears meshing with the final stage gear n' are always pressed against the tooth surface of the gear n' by the torsional force of the spring 9, so that the gears are pinched or pressed against each other, so that the first shaft The torsional force of the spring causes a pressure contact force in the opposite direction to be applied to the tooth surfaces of each pair of meshing gears of the (n-1)th axis.

Since this state is continuously maintained during rotation transmission of the gear, backlash caused by forward and reverse rotation between the first axis and the nth axis is eliminated.

By the way, if the rotation transmission is simply the transmission of angular information, there is not much problem, but when the power from the drive motor (manual rotation means may also be used) 03 of the drive gear 01 is transmitted while decelerating it, that is, while increasing the rotational torque for each axis. In addition, when such a process is performed in multiple stages, the torque on the n-1th axis becomes extremely large, and a spring 9 is required to eliminate backlash by exceeding the required rotational force in the forward and reverse directions. It is extremely complicated and difficult to install the inside of a pair of gears.
In some cases, this may not be possible, and the cost of parts, processing, and assembly of the spring and attached parts increases.

As another means, as shown in FIG.
The first axis 1 to the (n-1)th axis n- that mesh with the gear 01 of
1 are all gear pair trains of 2 series, and the gear 02 of the braking motor 04, which can add a reverse torque that balances the rotational force required for the other gears that mesh with the motor gear of the other gear series, is meshed, and the gear train is operated in forward and reverse directions. In order to prevent backlash from occurring when the vehicle is moving or at rest, the braking motor 04 applies a counter torque that is counterbalanced and counterbalanced.

As a result, the tooth surfaces of the pair of small gears on the (n-1)th axis act on the tooth surfaces of the integral gear n on the n-th axis to exert narrow pressure or tension as described above, thereby eliminating backlash.

Although this method eliminates the difficulties shown in Figure 1, it requires a braking motor, a drive motor that generates an extra motor output corresponding to the reverse torque of this motor, a control power supply device for them, and electric power. There was a problem that it was necessary.

In view of the above-mentioned points, the present invention provides a gear device with an extremely simple configuration that does not require a means for applying reverse rotational force such as a spring or a braking motor capable of applying reverse torque to the gears of each shaft. For this purpose, the present invention provides a combination of tooth number ratios that increases from the second axis to the (n-1th)
) shaft with a plurality of gears on at least one shaft,
Each of the gears from the first axis to the (n-1)th axis is a gear pair having the same number of teeth, and the (n-1)th axis
a pair of gears on the shaft are engaged with an integrated gear on the n-th shaft, the gear pair on the first shaft has elastic means therebetween for applying rotational forces in mutually opposite directions with respect to the rotational direction, and the same shaft The gear train is characterized in that one of each pair of a plurality of gears is integrated to eliminate backlash in the gear train.

With this configuration, no additional structure or load power source is required for each gear to eliminate backlash, so a gear device with less torque loss can be achieved.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 3 shows a schematic system diagram of the gear device of the present invention.

In the figure, between the first axis 1, the second axis 2, ... the n-th axis n, there is a small gear consisting of a pair of gears with the same number of teeth on each of the first axis 1 to the (n-1)th axis n-1. A gear train including a large gear is configured in series, and the small gear pair and the large gear pair of adjacent shafts are meshed with each other.

That is, the small gear pair 10, 11 on the first shaft 1 and the large gear pair 20, 21 on the second shaft 2 are meshed, and the small gear pair 22, 23 on the second shaft 2 and the large gear pair 30 on the third shaft 3 are meshed. , 31 are engaged.

Then, in the case of the pinion pair 32, 33 of the third shaft 3 and the
n-1) With axis n-1 as the fourth axis 4, the large gear pair 4 of this axis 4
0 and 41, and a coaxial pair of small gears 42 and 43. In the figure, the n-th axis is designated as the fifth shaft 5, and is meshed with an integrated large gear 50 of that shaft.

A large gear 13 is integrally connected to the shaft 1, and a small gear 01 that meshes with this gear is formed on the shaft of a servo motor 03.

Among the gears in the gear train, one gear 10 of the small gears on the first shaft is integrated with the shaft 1, and the other gear 11 is loosely fitted on the shaft 1, and this gear 11 is connected to the shaft 1 or one of the gears. 10
An elastic means, for example, a torsion coil spring 12 (this may be a tension spring, a compression spring, or other elastic acting body, such as rubber, etc.) is provided between the gears to apply torsional forces in opposite rotational directions to the gears. and apply an appropriate torsional force between them.

One gear 20 of the pair of large gears and one gear 22 of the pair of small gears on the second shaft are integrated via the shaft 2, and the other large gear 21 and small gear 23 are coaxially integrated. It is loosely fitted onto the shaft 2.

The gear pairs of the third and fourth shafts are also formed in the same configuration as the second shaft.

Therefore, two gear transmission systems are constructed for each gear pair from the first axis 1 to the (n-1)th axis, that is, in the case of the figure, the fourth axis 4.

That is, gear trains 10, 20, 22, 30, 32, 40, 42
and 11, 21, 23, 31, 33, 41, and 43 are formed.

In this way, the meshing teeth of the pinion pair gears 42 and 43 of the fourth shaft 4 come into contact with the same teeth of the integrated gear 50 of the fifth (n) shaft in a manner such that they are in narrow pressure contact or in pressure contact with adjacent teeth.

This contact pressure is caused by the fact that the two systems of gear trains are biased by a spring 12 acting between the gears 10 and 11 of the pinion pair of the first shaft 1.

The torsional force of the spring 12 is such that the gear train is sequentially decelerated from the first axis to the fifth (n) axis, so the torsional force between the gear pairs on each axis will naturally increase proportionally. There is no need to explain this, and it is easily understood.

However, by determining the torsional force of the lever spring 12 to maintain a sufficient amount of torque against the load rotational force of rotation transmission, taking into account the inertia force required for forward and reverse rotation, etc., backlash can be eliminated. Small gear 0 of servo motor 03 in configuration
1 is transmitted to the large gear 13 of the first shaft 1, and the rotation of the shaft 1 is transmitted to the fifth shaft by the rotation transmission of the gear train.

In this case, the backlash of rotation between the first axis and the fifth axis is eliminated, and when the servo motor 03 rotates in the forward and reverse directions or when it is stationary, the rotation of the fifth axis is the same as that of the first axis. The relationship is guaranteed.

As explained above, according to the gear device of the present invention, by providing the torsion means for removing backlash only on the first shaft on the side where the rotational torque is least, the torsion force is amplified on each of the following gears. As a result, the effect extends to the tooth surface of the gear on the final shaft, and there is no need for additional components for each gear, and the torsional force acts relatively between the gears of each pair of gears. Since it is only a rotor, it exhibits features such as no loss of rotational force during transmission and no need for extra rotational force.

Although the gear device of the present invention does not use a gear pair between the first shaft and the drive means (servo motor) in the above-described embodiment,
In order to eliminate backlash in this part, the problem of using the first shaft as the driving means shaft is solved.

Further, in the embodiment, the gear structure between the third shaft and the n-th (fifth) shaft can be made to have more stages, and even if this is done, there is no change in the operation and effect.

Furthermore, although the present invention uses two pairs of gears for each shaft in the above embodiment, it is also possible to provide multiple pairs of gears and perform branch transmission to other shafts (not shown). Needless to say, it can be realized as a series with gear pairs, or by combining these gears.

In addition, even when the n-th axis is used as the drive axis, the same effect can be achieved with the same configuration according to the present invention.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 and 2 schematically show a conventional gear device, and FIG. 3 schematically shows a system diagram of an embodiment of the gear device of the present invention. In the figure, 01 is a small gear, 03 is a servo motor, 1 is a first axis, 2 is a second axis, n-1 is the (n-1)th axis, n is the nth axis, 13 is a large gear, 10, 11, 22, 23, 32,
33, 42, 43 are small gears. Gear pair, 20, 21, 3
0, 31, 40, 41 are gear pairs of large gears, and 50 is an integrated large gear.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A combination of gear ratios that increases when viewed from the first axis is configured by providing a plurality of gears on at least one axis from the second axis to the (n-1)th axis, and from the first axis to the (n-1)th axis. The gears up to the (n-1) axis are made into a gear pair having the same number of teeth, and the gear pair of the (n-1) axis is engaged with the integrated gear of the n-th axis, and the gear of the first axis The gear pair has elastic means for applying rotational force in mutually opposite directions with respect to the rotational direction between the pairs, and one of the pairs of the plurality of coaxial gears is integrated to eliminate backlash of the gear train. A gear device characterized by: