JPS5832194B2 - Method of feeding carbon to pressurized reactor - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION When coal is carbonized and gasified under pressure, a rock hopper is used to feed the coal to a pressurized reactor.

The present invention relates to a method of using a liquid such as water or light oil to purge air inside a lock hopper and replace product gas from a reactor.

Gasifying coal under pressure has the advantage of increasing the amount of gas produced per unit volume of the device.

Furthermore, in gasification where coal and hydrogen are directly reacted to produce methane, ethane, etc., the higher the reaction pressure, the more the reaction progresses.

For example, when the furnace temperature is about 750°C, the methane content in the produced gas is about 5% at a reaction pressure of 1 kg/aft, 1
It becomes about 15% at 0 kg/crj, about 30% at 30 kg/cr7t, and about 50% at 70 kg/crtf.

Therefore, in order to obtain a high-calorie gas containing a large amount of methane or ethane, a reaction pressure of a certain value or higher is required.

In order to carry out the reaction under pressure continuously, coal must be fed to the pressurized reactor from a normal pressure hopper.

One way to feed this coal is to mix coal with liquid such as oil to form a slurry and feed it with a pump, but a rock hopper has traditionally been used to feed only coal. There is.

In conventional rock hoppers, air gets mixed in when coal is fed into the rock hopper at normal pressure, so after filling with coal, close the upper gate valve and purge the air with generated gas or inert gas. There is a need.

Next, the inside of the lock hopper must be pressurized to the reaction pressure using the produced gas, the lower gate valve must be opened to introduce coal into the reactor, and the lower gate valve must be closed to reduce the pressure of the generated gas within the lock hopper to normal pressure. Nara L.

Next, the inside of the lock hopper is replaced with inert gas, the upper gate valve is opened, and coal is charged into the lock hopper.

The above operations are repeated continuously, but this involves the consumption of a large amount of inert gas and produced gas, and the loss of power required to pressurize the produced gas discharged from the lock hopper to the supply pressure is also large.

For example, to purge the air in a lock hopper,
It requires an inert gas or generated gas that is more than three times the volume of the rock hopper, and the released gas contains air, so it has no choice but to be used as private fuel or discarded.

Further, the power cost for raising the pressure of the gas discharged from the mouth hopper to the reaction pressure increases in proportion to the reaction pressure.

The present invention relates to a coal feeding method characterized by using liquid instead of purge gas in order to eliminate waste of purge gas in a lock hopper and to minimize power loss.

In other words, after dropping coal from the rock hopper, the upper part,
Liquid is fed into the lock hopper with the lower gate valve closed, and the generated gas inside is replaced with the liquid.

The expelled generated gas is transferred to the generated gas tank while maintaining the reaction pressure.

Once the lock hopper is filled with liquid, open the upper gate valve and feed a predetermined amount of coal into the lock hopper.

At this time, the lock hopper is filled with liquid, so
No air can enter the lock hopper.

Next, the upper gate valve is closed, and the generated gas is introduced into the lock hopper under pressure from the generated gas tank, and the liquid inside is extracted from the lower part of the lock hopper.

Once the lock hopper is filled with generated gas at the reaction pressure, open the lower gate valve and drop the coal.

The dropped coals pass through a rotating steel cylinder to remove liquid adhering to the coals, and then are sent into the reactor.

By repeating such operations, coal is fed into the pressurized reactor.

In the present invention, the liquid from the liquid tank is pressurized to the reaction pressure by a pump and pushed into the lock hopper, and the gas in the lock hopper is moved to the produced gas tank, so that much power is required.

However, liquids are incompressible and require far less power to increase pressure than gases.

Furthermore, since the coal is placed in a lock hopper filled with liquid, air does not enter the lock hopper, so there is no need to purge the air.

This prevents wastage of the generated gas and inert gas, and prevents the inert gas from being mixed into the generated gas and reducing the calorific value of the generated gas.

In addition, since the generated gas corresponding to the volume of the lock hopper is simply transferred between the lock hopper and the generated gas tank using the reaction pressure, there is no need for waste of generated gas due to pressure reduction in the lock hopper and the need for power for recompression. .

You may request the liquid used as long as it can be easily separated from coal.

Typical examples include water and light oils.

Also, when the coal is fed into the rock hopper, a small amount of surfactant may be added to quickly remove air bubbles on the surface of the coal and improve the separation of liquid from the surface of the coal. .

When the particle size of coal is very small, it takes time to separate the liquid and coal, so the particle size of 150 mesh or more (
>0.1 mm), the effect of the present invention is greater.

The particle size of the coal used in a normal pressurized reactor is approximately 3n or less in a fluidized bed system, and 3mm to 15mm in a fixed bed system.
Therefore, if the present invention is applied, the effect will be significant.

As the coal dropped from the rock hopper rolls through the rotating gold-copper, any liquid adhering to the surface is shaken off, so even if it is sent into the reactor, it will not cause any malfunction.

Next, the present invention will be explained in detail based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a diagram of an apparatus showing a preferred embodiment of the method of feeding coal to a pressurized reaction apparatus according to the present invention. Coal is fed from a coal storage yard to a coal input port 2 by a conveyor 1.

The operation is controlled so that the amount of coal fed at one time is constant.

The lock hopper 4 is equipped with an upper gate valve 3, a lower gate valve 5, a lower gate valve drive equipment 6, a liquid tank 8, a liquid pump 9, a liquid inlet valve 10, a liquid outlet valve, and a produced gas inlet/outlet valve 11. There is.

The opening and closing of the upper and lower gate valves and each valve, the liquid level control of the liquid tank, and the operation of the liquid pump are all controlled by the automatic operating device C so that they are performed systematically and rationally.

Coal dropped from the rock hopper passes through the chute 12, is driven by a motor 29, is fed into a rotating metal cylinder 14 rotating around a shaft 13, and is shaken off from adhering liquid valves.

The shaken off liquid accumulates in the lower receiver 16, moves with the liquid level detection and adjustment equipment 17, and is discharged into the liquid tank 8 through the discharge valve 18.

On the other hand, the coals sent out from the rotating steel cylinder 14 pass through the raw material reservoir 15 in the upper part of the device, and are evenly shaken down into the furnace by the distribution fitting 19.

20 is a coal reaction tank, 21 is a rotating grate, 29 is a grate drive motor, 22 is a lower bottom of the furnace, 26 is a reaction residue receiver, 23 is a crude product gas cleaning tower, 24 is a product gas tank,
25 is a produced gas transport pipe.

Further, 27 is a liquid replenishment port to the liquid tank.

The operating procedure is as follows: ■ Close the lower gate valve 5 for feeding gas in the lock hopper, operate the liquid pump 9 with the upper gate valve 3 closed, and generate gas while feeding the liquid into the rock hopper. Open the gas inlet/output valve 11 and transfer the generated gas in the lock hopper to the generated gas tank 24 while keeping it pressurized.

When the inside of the lock hopper is filled with liquid, the produced gas inlet/output valve 11 is closed to stop the liquid supply.

■ Inputting coal Open the upper gate valve 3, Coal is dropped into the lock hopper from input port 2.

Close the upper gate valve 3.

At the same time as opening the displacement product gas inlet/output valve 11 in the lock hopper, the liquid extraction valve 7 is opened to let the product gas into the lock hopper.

The liquid discharge valve 7 is equipped with a filter to prevent coal from getting mixed into the liquid, and the discharged liquid is stored in a liquid tank 8 and used for circulation.

When the inside of the lock hopper is replaced with the generated gas, the liquid extraction valve 7 is closed.

The inside of the lock hopper is filled with generated gas at reaction pressure.

■ Dropping coal Open the lower gate valve 5 Coal is discharged by falling.

If the coal has not fallen sufficiently, the liquid pump 9 and the liquid feed valve 10 are operated to wash away the coal adhering to the lock hopper.

When the lock hopper is empty, return to the operation in ■.

In this way, the four stages of operations from (1) to (2) form one cycle, and by repeating this cycle, coal is continuously fed from the coal stockyard to the reaction tank.

This cycle is all centrally controlled by an automatic operation device C, and the liquid level is controlled using various pre-measured times, such as the time it takes to input the coal, the time required for the coal to fall from the lock hopper, etc. Automatic operation is performed by integrating detection equipment, pressure measurement equipment, etc., program protection relays, time switches, equipment start/stop circuits, hydraulic equipment circuits, failure elimination circuits, etc.

For reference, when water is used as the liquid, the total moisture content of each type of coal that has been shaken off in a coal storage yard and in a rotating steel cylinder is 2.38. Examples of test measurements include 11.5% and 19.2% for mm to 5.6 mm.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the method for supplying coal to a pressurized reactor according to the present invention. 1...Conveyor, 2...Coal input port,
3... Upper gate valve, 4... Lock hopper, 5... Lower gate valve, 7... Liquid extraction valve, 8...・Liquid tank, 10...Liquid inlet valve, 11...Produced gas inlet/outlet valve, 14...
...Rotating metal cylinder, 24...Produced gas tank,
C... Automatic operating device.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 When supplying coal to a reactor under pressure, a liquid is used as a displacing agent for the generated gas inside the lock hopper, and after the coal is introduced into the lock hopper filled with liquid, the lock hopper upper gate valve is Close the lock hopper, draw out the liquid in the lock hopper, and introduce the generated gas from the reaction device into the lock hopper at the reaction pressure to replace the liquid with the generated gas at the reaction pressure. Then, open the lock hopper lower gate valve to remove coal. is fed into the reactor, the lock hopper lower gate valve is closed again, and while liquid is fed into the lock hopper, the generated gas inside the lock hopper is returned to the generated gas tank at the reaction pressure, filling the lock hopper with liquid. A method for feeding coal into a pressurized reactor, which comprises: opening the lock hopper upper gate valve and charging coal into the lock hopper again.