JPS5832319B2 - Condenser with built-in gas-liquid separator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an apparatus for separating a two-phase flow into gas and liquid and condensing the separated vapor.

A gas-liquid separator that separates steam from a two-phase flow and a condenser that condenses the separated steam have different purposes. A two-phase flow is introduced, gas and liquid are separated by a gas-liquid separator, and the separated steam is supplied to a demand outside the system.If there is no need to supply steam outside the system, the A water heater condenses the steam to maintain system pressure and keep the system on standby.

In such a case, the gas-liquid separator and the condenser will be designed for different purposes, and if the system pressure is high, if they are designed separately, two pressure vessels will be needed. In addition to this, additional connecting piping is also required, making the device economically expensive.

Furthermore, there are factors that complicate operation, such as fluctuations in the liquid level between the gas-liquid separator and the condenser.

From this point of view, it has been required to house the gas-liquid separator and the condenser in one container and provide it with the necessary functions.

FIG. 1 is a schematic system diagram showing an example of the use of a condenser with a built-in gas-liquid separator based on the above-mentioned requirements.

At the lower end of the condenser 1 with a built-in gas-liquid separator, which houses a gas-liquid separator and a condenser in one container, piping is provided to lead out saturated water etc. separated by the gas-liquid separator. A pump 2 is interposed in the piping, and one side is connected to a heat input device 3 via a valve, and one closed cycle is carried out from the heat input device 3 to the condenser 1 with a built-in gas-liquid separator. and the other is pump 2.
It is connected to the heat exchanger 4 via a valve and returns to the condenser 1, forming a closed cycle.

In addition, a pipe is provided at the top of the condenser 1 to send the steam separated by the condenser 1 with a built-in gas-liquid separator from the condenser 1 to the steam consumption device 5 via a valve 6. A spray flow rate regulating valve, which detects the pressure inside the condenser 1 and is regulated via a pressure detector 7, is installed in the spray water introduction pipe.

Thus, the two-phase flow generated in the heat input device 3 is guided to the condenser 1 with a built-in gas-liquid separator, where steam is separated and sent to the steam consumption device 5.

If it is not necessary to send steam to the steam consumption device 5,
The valve 6 is closed, and in order to maintain the system pressure at a constant value in the condenser 1, the subcooled water is returned to the condenser 1 via the heat exchanger 4, where it is sprayed and the steam is condensed.

The condensed steam, spray water and separated saturated water are sent by the pump 2 to the heat input device 3 and the heat exchanger 4, leaving the system on standby as a closed cycle.

If it becomes uneconomical in terms of operating costs during long standby periods, measures such as cutting off heat input to the heat input device may be taken.

As shown in FIG. 2, the conventional condenser with a built-in gas-liquid separator used in this way is provided with an inlet nozzle 11 for introducing a two-phase flow at the outer lower end of the outer shell 10. 10 is connected to a gas-liquid separator 13 disposed on the inner lower support 12, and a top part of the gas-liquid separator 13 is provided to prevent spray water from directly entering the gas-liquid separator 13. A baffle plate 14 is provided.

Further, a liquid outlet nozzle 15 is provided on the outer lower end surface of the outer shell 10 to allow saturated water and spray water to flow out.

Furthermore, a condensing device is configured in the upper inner part of the outer shell 10, and includes a spray device 16 connected to a spray water introduction pipe on the upper end surface of the outer shell 10, and a thermal sleeve 17. A plurality of equally spaced outlet nozzles 18 are arranged on the outer periphery of the system to guide the steam out of the system.

Therefore, the two-phase flow generated in the heat input device flows through the artificial nozzle 1.
1 and enters a gas-liquid separator 13, where the liquid is separated.

The steam leaving the gas-liquid separator 13 flows into the inside of the thermal sleeve 11, where steam condensation takes place if spray water is flowing out from the spray device 16.

When there is no need to condense the steam, the steam flows out of the system through the outlet nozzle 18, and the saturated water and spray water separated by the gas-liquid separator 13 flow out from the liquid outlet nozzle 15.

When the spray device 16 is operated, subcooled water is scattered from the spray nozzle as shown by the broken line a in FIG.
A part of the liquid was provided to prevent it from hitting the pressure wall.
It collides with the thermal sleeve 17.

The thermal sleeve 17 has a structure that allows thermal expansion to escape, and the temperature difference between the inner and outer walls of the thermal sleeve 17 is made as small as possible to reduce thermal stress.

However, in this conventional condenser with built-in gas-liquid separator,
Since the flow of steam and the flow of spray liquid are opposed to each other when the spray device 16 is operated, there is a drawback that the steam flow is not uniform and local temperature differences are likely to occur.

There is no problem when the liquid level is at the line shown in the figure, but if the liquid level rises transiently and the gas-liquid separator 13 is completely submerged, the vapor flow will be submerged in the liquid. At low vapor flows, hammering or pressure oscillations occur due to the agglomeration of vapor bubbles, which has a negative effect on the internal structure of the condenser.

The present invention has been made in view of these points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a condenser with a built-in gas-liquid separator that equalizes the steam flow and prevents hammering due to transient water level fluctuations. With the goal.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. 3 attached hereto.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a condenser with a built-in gas-liquid separator according to the present invention, and the same parts as in FIG. 2 are given the same reference numerals and explanations are omitted.

A vapor collecting section 19 is formed at the top of the gas-liquid separator 13 disposed in the lower part of the outer shell 10.
9 is communicated with the outer circumferential gap of the thermal sleeve 17 through a steam outlet pipe 20 .

Thus, the two-phase flow that has flowed into the gas-liquid separator 13 through the inlet nozzle 11 is separated into vapor here, and the separated vapor is collected in the vapor collection section 19 and collected in the vapor outlet pipe. 2
0, the steam is guided to the outer peripheral gap of the thermal sleeve 17, and when there is no need to condense the steam, it is guided out of the system via the steam outlet nozzle 18.

- When there is no need to supply steam outside the male system, the steam passes through the outer circumferential gap of the thermal sleeve 17, reaches the spray device 16, where it is mixed with the spray stream, and at the same time, the spray stream causes the steam to flow. is driven downward to ensure uniform and smooth vapor condensation.

Furthermore, by guiding the steam to the outer peripheral gap of the thermal sleeve 17 through the steam outlet pipe 20, the liquid level rises to the position of line C where the gas-liquid separator 13 is completely submerged, as shown in the figure. Even if the surface rises, the upper end of the steam outlet pipe 20 is located above where it will not be submerged in water, so steam will not be released into the liquid and no hammering will occur.

Furthermore, as mentioned above, since the steam flow and the spray flow are oriented in the same direction, the spray flow flowing out from the spray nozzles that are uniformly distributed on the circumference spreads out as shown by the broken line d in the figure, and the steam is condensed. Condensed liquid and gas-liquid separator 1
The saturated liquid separated in step 3 is led to the pump via the liquid outlet nozzle 15.

As explained above, according to the present invention, in a condenser with a built-in gas-liquid separator, the steam flow and the spray flow do not oppose each other, and the steam can be uniformly and smoothly condensed. This has effects such as being able to prevent the occurrence of hammering due to vapor bubble condensation in water when the liquid level rises.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic system diagram showing an example of the use of a condenser with a built-in gas-liquid separator, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a conventional condenser with a built-in gas-liquid separator, and FIG. 3 is an implementation according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a sectional view of an example condenser with a built-in gas-liquid separator. 1... Condenser with built-in gas-liquid separator, 2...
・Pump, 3...Heat input device, 4...Heat exchanger, 8...Adjusting valve, 10...Outer shell, 13... ... Gas-liquid separator, 14 ... Baffle plate, 16 ... Spray device, 17 ... Thermal sleeve, 19 ... Vapor collection section, 20・
...Steam outlet pipe.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A built-in type with a gas-liquid separator, which is equipped with a gas-liquid separator in the lower part of the outer shell of the condenser, and a spray device and a condensing device consisting of a thermal sleeve in the upper part of the gas-liquid separator. The condenser is characterized in that a vapor collecting section is formed at the top of the gas-liquid separator, and the vapor collecting section is communicated with the outer peripheral gap of the thermal sleeve through a vapor outlet pipe. Condenser with built-in gas-liquid separator.