JPS5832484B2 - Condenser capacitor - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention has an enclosing member, in which a capacitor element and a disconnection device responsive to internal overpressure of the capacitor element are provided, and when overpressure occurs, a line disconnector is provided. relates to a capacitor that interrupts the electrical connection to the external terminals of the capacitor.

In known capacitors of this type, deformations of the housing or additional parts, such as elongation of recesses as a result of overpressure in the metal housing, are used to interrupt the current path.

In the case of this known safety disconnection device, the current path is therefore interrupted indirectly by the component.

However, the deformation of the component is accompanied by a considerable time delay.

Additional construction and construction measures are also required, which increases the volume of the capacitor and increases manufacturing costs.

Furthermore, in the case of this type of known shut-off device, the response time of the shut-off device is delayed, so even if high-pressure gas is generated in the capacitor case and the shut-off device responds, the case expands and explodes before that, resulting in a huge explosion. Risk of injury.

The object of the present invention is to propose a capacitor that is simple in construction, reliable in operation, and guarantees irreversible shut-off irrespective of the shape and material of the case.

According to the present invention, the above-mentioned problem is solved in a device of the type mentioned at the beginning, which has an enclosing member, in which a capacitor element and a cutoff device responsive to internal overpressure of the capacitor element are provided. In a capacitor in which a line disconnection device interrupts the electrical connection to the external terminal of the capacitor when a line disconnection occurs, the disconnection device is actuated by deformation of the capacitor element inside the enclosing material, in which case the capacitor element is fixedly enclosed within the casing. partially embedded in the material to form a predetermined area on the surface of the capacitor element to support the isolating device, and further providing a region of deformable material between the isolating device and the surrounding material; If overpressure occurs in the capacitor element,
The solution is that the predetermined region and the region of deformable material are deformed in order to actuate the blocking device.

Since the interruption of the current flowing through the capacitor element is carried out directly by deformation of the element due to poor insulation or overload, the aforementioned drawbacks of known interruption devices are avoided.

According to the present invention, the capacitor element is disposed inside the case so that a predetermined area is formed on the surface of the capacitor element, or is partially embedded in a fixed enclosing material, and this predetermined area is deformed by internal overpressure of the capacitor element, resulting in a disconnection device. to operate.

It is particularly advantageous if the capacitor element is implemented in the form of a flat coil or with a dielectric arranged in layers.

This is because, in this embodiment, the effective deformation portion is perpendicular to the surface of the rolled layer or the surface of the stratified layer.

A particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention is constructed as follows: an insulating plate of brittle inelastic material is provided with a conductive metal support piece, either a vapor-deposited metal layer or a pasted metal strip, and this insulating plate is attached to the deformed part of the capacitor element. It makes contact.

This metal support piece is cut when the insulating plate breaks.

In this case, since the insulating plate is hardly elastically deformed, it is preferable to provide a notch or a groove in the insulating plate to provide a predetermined breaking point.

When a capacitor element with a cut-off device is installed in a housing, it is advantageous if the cut-off device rests on the capacitor element with a fixed filler via an intermediate layer of elastic material.

With this configuration, the area necessary for deforming the capacitor element can be sufficiently secured within a predetermined range, and it is guaranteed that the insulator having the metal support piece will be completely deformed and broken at the time of dielectric breakdown.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail using figures.

In FIG. 1, numeral 10 indicates an insulating plate, and numeral 11 indicates a strip-shaped metal support piece as shown.

One end of this metal support piece is connected to the capacitor connection line, and the other end is connected to the capacitor plate.

Reference numeral 12 indicates a predetermined fracture location on the insulating plate 10 made of brittle material.

Since the predetermined breaking point is provided, the insulating plate hardly undergoes elastic deformation.

FIG. 2 represents a capacitor element 13 implemented in the form of a flat roll.

This capacitor element has three connecting lines 14, 15, 16.

The connecting wire 15 is connected to a metal support piece 17 attached to the insulating plate 10.
The part is soldered.

The metal support piece consists of a member having a pasted metal foil.

Instead of this pasted metal foil, a metal layer may be deposited on the insulating plate 10 to form the metal support piece 11.

If a vapor-deposited metal layer is used, interruption of the current path is guaranteed even if the metal support piece is slightly deformed.

The free ends of the connecting wires 14, 15, 16 are inserted into the recesses 18 of the support plate 19.

FIG. 3 shows the curvature of the free flat surface 20 of the capacitor element 13 in a direction perpendicular to the wound layer surface of the capacitor element 13, which is configured as a flat winding.

This figure also applies to the case of a capacitor element having a layered dielectric material.

The direction of deformation of the free side of the element is then also perpendicular to the layer surface.

The force caused by internal overpressure is shown by arrows 21, 22゜23.24
Indicated by

Inside the case 25, both end faces 26.2 of the capacitor element
7 and the left flat surface 28 are embedded in a fixed plastic enclosure 29 such that a defined area of the surface of the capacitor element 17 occurs only on the flat surface 20 .

This predetermined area is deformed by the internal overpressure in the capacitor element 13, activating the device consisting of the insulating plate 10 and the metal support piece 11.

If the case 25 is constructed sufficiently rigidly, both end surfaces 26.
27 and the surrounding member 29 on the left flat surface 28 can also be omitted.

In this case, if the case is made of an insulating material or if the case is insulated from the capacitor element 13 by another method,
This case is subjected to deformation forces only in three lateral directions, such that a predetermined deformable region remaining on the flat surface 20 of the entire surface of the capacitor element 13 is cut off in the event of an internal overpressure in the capacitor element 13. Activate the devices 10, 11.

FIG. 4 shows a capacitor element 13 embedded in a plastic enclosure 29 in a case 25.

In this figure, a disconnection device consisting of an insulating plate 10 with a metal support piece 11 is embedded via an intermediate layer of elastic material 30.

This isolating device is fixedly attached to the capacitor element with an injection material.

As the elastic material, any foam material containing cells can be used.

When the plastic material of the enclosure 29 is injected or poured, it is ensured that it does not penetrate into the foam material.

This is because when the plastic material of the enveloping material penetrates, the foam material loses at least some of its elasticity.

For example, as explained in FIG. 2, this interrupting device is composed of an insulating plate 10 made of a brittle, inelastic material.

This insulating plate 10 is brought into contact with the deformable portion of the flat surface of the capacitor element 13.

The entire surface of the capacitor element, except for the elastic material 30, is surrounded by a plastic enveloping material 29 to sufficiently protect the element from external influences such as moisture.

Mechanical influences do not reach the capacitor element 13 because of the case 25 and the enclosure 29.

The insulating plate 10 with the elastic material 30 and the metal support piece 11 is suitably attached to the capacitor element in a special working step before the final stage of manufacture.

Portions in FIG. 4 other than those described above are given the same numbers as in FIGS. 1 to 3.

FIG. 5 shows the process of shutting off the capacitor of FIG. 4.

If an internal overpressure occurs in the capacitor element 13, this element deforms only in the direction of the flat surface 20.

This is because the position and shape of the end faces 26, 27 and the left flat surface 28 are fixed by the plastic enclosure 29.

When the capacitor element 13 expands in the direction of the elastic material 30,
A predetermined break point 12 of the insulating plate 10 is broken.

Therefore, the metal supporting piece is cut and the lower end surface 2 of this flat roll is cut.
The electrical connection from 7 to connecting line 15 is cut off.

Since FIG. 5 and FIG. 4 are the same except for the blocking area, the explanation will be omitted again.

As is clear from the foregoing description, the present invention relates to a capacitor with a disconnection device.

This disconnection device is designed to irreversibly disconnect the capacitor element built into the outer fixed enclosure from an externally connected power source (not shown) when the surface of the capacitor element expands due to a defect in the element or an electrical or thermal overload. to block the target.

Damage to the case and associated damage can thereby be avoided.

The present invention can be used with capacitor cases of almost any shape and material.

For example, if a known shutoff device is used in a case made of thermoset plastic, the case will be damaged because the thermoset plastic is difficult to deform, but the shutoff device of the present invention can also be used with this thermoset plastic.

The construction of a capacitor with a disconnection device according to the invention allows an extremely reliable operation and an economical manufacturing method.

This is because the mechanical action of the element itself is directly applied to the interrupting device, thereby interrupting the current flowing through the capacitor element.

The capacitor element is designed to deform when the inside of the capacitor element becomes electrically or thermally overloaded due to defects in the material, or when the dielectric insulation inside the capacitor element ages.

Furthermore, the gas decomposition products are prevented from being discharged at that time, and the dielectric breakdown process of the capacitor element is completed before the gas is discharged from the capacitor element.

When the capacitor element is deformed in this way, at least a portion of the volume of the winding increases. At this time, the capacitor element is assembled into an appropriate shape so that volumetric expansion occurs at a predetermined location, and this volumetric expansion is compensated for. is used to activate the shutoff device.

This condition can be achieved very easily if the capacitor element is formed into a flat wound body or a dielectric material arranged in layers.

This is because in the flat plane the least resistance to curvature occurs in the direction perpendicular to the roll layer surface or stratified layer surface.

In the event of dielectric breakdown of the oxidized capacitor element, forces are generated in particular on this flat surface, which actuate the disconnection device quickly and reliably.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The figures show an embodiment of a capacitor having a cut-off device according to the present invention. Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a metal support piece and an insulating plate having predetermined breaking points, and Fig. 2 shows a capacitor having a cut-off device attached to a flat winding. Fig. 3 is a partially cutaway side view showing the curved state of the capacitor element on the free plane, and Fig. 4 shows the capacitor element shown in Fig. 2 housed in a case and the disconnection device part filled with elastic material. FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the capacitor of FIG. 4 in a cut-off state. 10...Insulating plate, 11...Metal support piece, 12...Predetermined breaking point, 13...Capacitor element, 14゜15.16... ...connection line,
21, 22, 23, 24...force caused by internal overpressure, 25...case, 29...enveloping material.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. The capacitor element has an enclosing material, and in the enclosing material there is provided a capacitor element and a disconnection device that responds to internal overpressure of the capacitor element, and in the event of overpressure, the line disconnection device disconnects the electrical connection to the external terminal of the capacitor. In a capacitor for isolating a capacitor, the isolating device 10.11 is actuated by deformation of the capacitor element 13 inside the enclosure 25.29, with the capacitor element 13 being partially embedded within the casing 25 in a fixed enclosure. the cutoff device 1 on the surface of the capacitor element 13.
0.11, and a region 30 of deformable material is provided between the isolation device 10.11 and the enclosure 25.29 to prevent overpressure in the capacitor element. Capacitor, characterized in that, if this occurs, said predetermined area and said area of deformable material are deformed in order to actuate an isolation device 10.11.