JPS5834705B2 - metal gasket - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a metal gasket used as a flange gasket or a radial gasket for an internal combustion engine cylinder.

Conventionally, a gasket for a flange, a cylinder head gasket, etc. is installed between the joining surfaces of two relatively fixed members, and the leakage of fluid from between the opposing holes provided in each of the two members has been conventionally performed. Most of the metal gaskets used to prevent this are mainly made of asbestos.

Most of the binders used are synthetic rubbers, which are kneaded and then formed into a sheet to form a gasket.

To explain such a conventional asbestos sheet gasket with drawings, Fig. 1 shows a flange gasket.Sheet gasket 01, which is made of asbestos as a main ingredient and kneaded with synthetic rubber as a binder, has a flange A gasket hole 02 is provided which corresponds to the hole in the member that is to be sealed.

The periphery of this gasket hole 02 is covered with a thin metal liner 03 for reinforcement.

Further, a bolt hole 04 is formed in the periphery of the gasket 01, and two opposing flange members are fixed relative to each other by bolts passed through the bolt hole 04, and the gasket 01 is sandwiched between them. It is now compressed.

Figure 2 shows a cylinder head gasket for internal combustion engines.This gasket 05 is made of a sheet material made of asbestos, a binder, and synthetic rubber. It is formed by covering 06.

This gasket 05 includes a gasket hole 07 corresponding to the cylinder hole, and a hole 08 corresponding to the through hole for cooling water, lubricating oil, etc.
, bolt holes 09, etc. are provided, and the peripheries of the holes 07 and 08 are further coated with a thin metal liner 010.

This gasket 05 is compressed while being sandwiched between a cylinder and a cylinder head that are fixed to each other by bolts.

Furthermore, FIG. 3 shows a cylinder head gasket similar to that shown in FIG. Using steel plate 011 as the core material,
This is coated with a mixture of asbestos and synthetic rubber,
A gasket 012 formed into a sheet is shown.

All of these conventional gaskets utilize their compressibility to seal.

Asbestos is fibrous and has good compressibility, so it was considered to be a suitable material for such gaskets.

Furthermore, since asbestos has extremely high heat resistance, asbestos gaskets have been used in most cases where high-temperature fluids come into contact with gaskets.

However, asbestos has limited resources as an underground resource, and it has become a problem that asbestos has an adverse effect on the human body during the manufacturing process of its products.

Furthermore, the use of asbestos products in automobiles and the like has caused the problem that asbestos abrasion particles are dispersed into the air, causing pollution.

In addition, in conventional asbestos gaskets, although asbestos itself, which is the main raw material, has high heat resistance, the synthetic rubber used as a binder deteriorates at about 150 degrees Celsius at most, so its strength rapidly decreases in high temperature conditions. The disadvantage was that it deteriorated.

For example, in the case of a cylinder head gasket, high-temperature, high-pressure gas acts on the gasket due to combustion and explosion of fuel within the cylinder.

Therefore, it is reinforced with a thin metal plate 06 as shown in Fig. 2 or a porous iron plate 011 as shown in Fig. 3, but these also have gaskets (05, 012). The strength of the periphery of the hole 07 was reduced, and gas sometimes blew through.

When trying to scale up by increasing the diameter of the cylinder hole, or when trying to make an internal combustion engine lighter and more compact, especially in the case of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine, the spacing between the cylinders must be narrowed. However, if gas were to blow through this gasket part, it would be a problem.

Even if an attempt was made to increase the width of the liner 010 in order to further reinforce the peripheral edge portion of the hole 07, there was a limit to preventing the liners 010 from overlapping each other.

Furthermore, when the spacing between the cylinders is narrowed, extremely high temperatures of 230 to 250"C are transmitted to the gasket, so the gasket itself must have good thermal conductivity. However, with conventional asbestos gaskets, Another drawback was that the synthetic rubber used as a binder had poor thermal conductivity.

From the above, it has been difficult to scale up the internal combustion engine by increasing the diameter of the cylinder hole or further reduce the weight and size of the internal combustion engine using a conventional asbestos cylinder rad gasket.

In view of the above, the present invention provides a metal gasket which eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks by forming the gasket mainly from a single metal material, and obtains a sealing effect by concentrated stress applied to the periphery of the hole to be sealed. This is what we are trying to provide.

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 4 and 6 show a metal gasket according to the invention, FIG. 5 shows a flange joint equipped with the metal gasket, and FIG. 7 shows a flange joint equipped with the metal gasket. 1 shows the state of molding in the manufacturing process of the metal gasket according to the present invention.

In FIG. 4, gasket 1 is integrally formed of a metal plate such as aluminum or stainless steel.

Gasket 1 is provided with gasket holes 2 that correspond to holes in the member to be sealed.

At the periphery of this gasket hole 2, a thickened portion 3 that slightly protrudes from both surfaces of the metal plate is formed, and on both surfaces including the thickened thickened portion 3, a uniform and non-directional protrusion base pattern 17 is formed. is formed.

Furthermore, a coating 18 formed of an adhesive paint solution such as a synthetic rubber solution is provided on both surfaces of the protrusion ground pattern 17.

A plurality of bolt holes 4 are formed in the periphery of the gasket 1.

When such a metal gasket 1 is used as a flange gasket, as shown in FIG. Align gasket hole 2 of gasket 1 with holes 7 and 8 to be sealed.

Next, tightening bolts 9 are passed through the bolt holes of each flange member 5, 6 and the bolt hole 4 of the gasket 1, and then tightened.

These tightening bolts 9 fix the flange members 5 and 6 to each other, and the gasket holes 2 of the gasket 1
The inner end portions 1 of the flange members 5 and 6 are attached to the peripheral thickened portion 3.
Concentrated stress is applied from 0.11.

This concentrated stress brings the surface of the thickened portion 3 of the gasket 1 into close contact with the inner end portions 10.11 of the flange members 5, 6.

In this case, the surface area of the thickened portion 3 is small, and the unevenness of the protrusion ground pattern digs into the directional roughness of the contact surfaces of the flange members 5 and 6, and furthermore, due to the countless unevenness, the surface of the gasket 1 The surfaces of the flange members 5 and 6 come into contact at numerous points, and the tightening pressure acts effectively to ensure close contact between the thickened portion 3 and the inner ends 1o and ii of the flange members 5 and 6. Furthermore, the coating 18 made of synthetic rubber solution or the like improves the compatibility between the contact surfaces of the gasket 1 and the flange members 5 and 6, thereby obtaining a significantly greater sealing effect and preventing leakage of fluid from between the flange members 5 and 6. can be completely prevented.

Such a metal gasket 1 is very suitable as a rad gasket for a cylinder for an internal combustion engine.

That is, since it is integrally formed of metal, it has good heat resistance and thermal conductivity.

In particular, if aluminum is used as the material, the material will be almost the same as the material of the internal combustion engine itself, so the thermal conductivity will be extremely high.

Furthermore, when used as a rad gasket for the cylinders of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine, as shown in Fig. 6, the distance H between the holes 2 corresponding to the cylinder holes becomes small, and as described above, with a normal asbestos cylinder gasket, the gas Blow-through is likely to occur, causing a reduction in the output of the internal combustion engine, but this is also due to the fact that the metal liner for reinforcing the periphery of the gasket hole 2 overlaps, forcing the width to be narrowed.

In the present invention, such conventional drawbacks can also be overcome. In other words, in the metal gasket of the present invention, the above-mentioned mold-matching portions can be integrated as the enlarged wall thickness parts 3, 3, so that even if the width of the above-mentioned H is Even if it is small, it maintains sufficient strength and prevents gas from blowing through.

Therefore, it is possible to cope with scale-up based on the increase in the diameter of the cylinder holes of an internal combustion engine and with the closer proximity of the cylinder holes due to the reduction in weight and size.

The coating 18 formed on the surface of the metal gasket 1 used as a cylinder gasket can be formed from a synthetic rubber solution such as fluororubber or silicone rubber, or it can also be formed by applying or covering a fluororesin solution. be done.

These have high heat resistance, and since their coatings are as thick as a thin solution film, they do not impede heat conduction.

Next, the method for manufacturing a metal gasket according to the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG. 7. First, a soft metal plate 14 such as an aluminum plate is punched out into the area shape required for the gasket.

Next, a hole 15 with a slightly smaller diameter than the hole to be sealed is punched out.

At the same time, a restriction is applied to the peripheral edge 16 of the hole, and the peripheral edge 16 is bent as shown in FIG. 7A.

Other holes such as bolt holes are also punched out.

Next, the bent peripheral edge part 16 is formed by pressing, and as shown in FIG. 7B, the thickened part 3 slightly protrudes from both surfaces of the metal plate 14 and the gasket hole 2 corresponding to the hole to be sealed. form.

The formed metal plate 14 shown in FIG. 7B is then sandblasted to form a uniform and non-directional protrusion pattern 17 on its surface as shown in FIG. 7C.

In order to form such a protrusion ground pattern 17, a chemical surface treatment method such as etching can also be used.

Further, after forming the protrusion ground pattern 17 in this way, an adhesive paint solution such as a synthetic rubber solution is applied or coated to form a film 18 made of a synthetic rubber solution or the like.

According to such a manufacturing method, the metal gasket 1 can be manufactured by continuous pressing work, protrusion ground pattern formation work, and film formation work, so mass production is high, and when punching out the metal plate 14, there is no need to worry about parts or waste. Even if a good product is produced, it can be melted down and reused, resulting in lower manufacturing costs.

As described above, according to the present invention, a metal gasket with a high sealing effect can be obtained without using any asbestos, so the gasket can be made to have good heat resistance, good thermal conductivity, and pressure resistance. .

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 shows a conventional flange gasket.
2 is a plan view of a conventional cylinder rad gasket for an internal combustion engine, and FIG. 3 is a longitudinal section showing a part of another conventional cylinder rad gasket for an internal combustion engine. 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the metal gasket of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the metal gasket of the present invention used in a flange joint, and FIG. 6 is a cylinder for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention. FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a part of the Herad gasket, and shows the state of molding in the manufacturing process of the metal gasket according to the present invention, where A shows the state in which the hole has been punched out, and B shows the state in which the hole and its periphery have been formed. State and C are partial vertical cross-sectional views showing the state where surface treatment has been performed. 1... Gasket, 2... Gasket hole, 3...
Thickness enlarged portion, 14... Metal plate, 15... Hole, 16.
...Peripheral part, 17...Protrusion ground pattern, 18...Coating.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Installed between the joint surfaces of two relatively fixed members,
In a metal gasket that prevents fluid from leaking between opposing holes provided in each of the two members, a gasket hole 2 corresponding to the hole is provided, and only the peripheral edge of the gasket hole 2 is exposed from both surfaces. A thickened portion 3 that slightly protrudes is formed, and a uniform and non-directional protrusion ground pattern 17 is formed on both surfaces of the thickened thickened portion 3, and is synthesized on both surfaces of the protruded ground pattern 17. A metal gasket consisting of a metal plate provided with a coating 18 formed from a sticky paint solution such as a rubber solution.