JPS5835660B2 - Method of manufacturing animal feed - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for producing animal feed by treating white wine distillation residue using microorganisms, and to the animal feed obtained thereby.

It is known that the distillation slag of white wine is an extremely strong pollutant.The reason for this is that the slag physically has a high temperature of 80℃ or more, the presence of suspended substances with a low pH of about 3.3, At the same time, chemically, it has a low content of dissolved oxygen, a high chemical oxygen demand of about 40,000, and a high biological oxygen content of about 30,000,02/A'. This is because it has the required amount and organic and inorganic substances in the solution.

Until now, only tartaric acid has been recovered from these residues, and these residues have not been effectively utilized in practice.

Furthermore, the production of tartaric acid using chemical synthesis became a strong competitor, and it became no longer profitable to produce it from white wine residue.

These residues were then sprinkled on the vineyards to be used as fertilizer to replenish the soil with organic matter.

The residue from the first distillation of white wine accounts for about two-thirds of the processed wine in the still, and contains suspended matter such as grape pulp, wine-brewing yeast, and various waste materials. , and dissolved substances such as carbohydrates and various nitrogen oxides.

Abandoning such polluting residues to nature is a problem for wine distillers who are subject to heavy fines for doing so.

Under these circumstances, it is an object of the present invention to treat the distillation residue of white wine, recover valuables, and solve the problem of residue disposal.

Here, the present inventor has determined that the residue from the first distillation of white wine can constitute an excellent culture medium for culturing nitrogen-rich microorganisms, and can be used effectively as a nitrogen component supply source for feed for various livestock. It has now been discovered that the process can reduce highly contaminated residue by about 30% or more.

In fact, the distillation residue of white wine is rich in carbon and nitrogen components, and as a result of chemical analysis and culture tests in the laboratory,
It has been found that such media do not inhibit the growth of microorganisms.

Furthermore, after removal of yeast from the residue, an average of approximately 32
% of protein is extremely suitable as feed for livestock such as rabbits and calves, and the growth of livestock fed with feed containing such yeast is at least as good as that of conventional commercially available feed. It was found that it can be comparable to that of livestock raised on feed.

As described above, yeast constitutes an important protein source for livestock feed, and has no toxicity.

In addition, the low tannin content of white wine, especially brandy wine, is an important factor that allows the residue after processing to be used as animal feed without any danger.

The present invention relates to a method for treating white wine distillation dregs, and its features include centrifuging sludge containing fermenting yeast from grape pulp, cooling the medium from which the yeast have been removed, and medium, for example a culture formed in the same medium by a suspension of freeze-dried spores (
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method comprising inoculating a primary culture medium), separating and recovering the produced biomass from the medium, and treating and purifying the liquid medium.

For carrying out the invention, it is possible to use any of the residues produced by acidifying white wine.

For example, the liquid after removing yeast from the residue produced by distillation of wine for brandy has the following average composition per 1000 g of water.

Total dry matter 25g Total inorganic matter 3g Total organic matter 25. ! i2 Total nitrogen-containing substances 376■ Reducing sugars 1,089■ Total sugars 1,280■ Total organic acids 160 milliequivalent amino acids
850■ Chemical oxygen demand 35,000■, 02/1 Biological oxygen demand 23,000■, 02/A'S =
421n9P = 1041n9Ca = 198171
Mg=851rI9K=808111fl
Na = 6”?Fe2 32■ View = 2
■ Cu = 6m9 Zn = 3 ■ A carbon component or a nitrogen component, mineral vitamins, or a mixture thereof may be added to these residues as necessary.

For example, nitrogen components can be supplied by adding ammonium salts, urea, blood meal, soluble substances obtained from fish, etc.

The method of the present invention utilizes the special growth of microorganisms in the distillation residue of white wine to produce a product containing more than 20% protein.
This includes the formation of biomass of 9,713 or more.

The resulting decontamination is proportional to the production of fungi, and the more produced, the stronger it is.

The culture selected can be any species of actinomycetes or fungi (including yeast) that can be grown adequately in white wine stillage.

For example, actinomycetes, ascomycetes, Siphomycetes
tes (cyhomycetes), Septomycetes
(Septomycetes) and they are Lecheva
``The Microbe'' by Lier and Rramer.
s J (1941, Freidelphia, USA, Lip
pincott version), and A Lexopon los
Author: “Introductory Mycology J
(2nd edition, New York, Wiley edition), and of course in more specialized surname literature.

Although the fungi used in the present invention are not limited to any particular type, the following microorganisms are preferred.

Penicillium Spinulosum strain 129 (Feikoken Bacteria No. 4086, ATCC22O465) Penicill
iu Expansum (Penicillium expansum) strain 127 (Feikoken Bibori No. 4087, ATCC2
0466) Penici Illium Commune
(Penicillium commune) strain 125 (Feikoken Bacteria No. 4085, ATCC 20464).
It can be effectively carried out by either continuous or discontinuous methods.

However, regardless of the method, the medium becomes acidic and 1
．． The pH must be maintained between 5 and 5, preferably between 1.5 and 3.

When the automatic method is adopted, foam formation is observed.

Agitation and evacuation of the medium are carried out throughout the cultivation period.

These two factors are determined by the incubation time, the functionality of the microorganisms used and the maximum possible decontamination, e.g. biological oxygen demand of 6,500 μl/l, and biosynthesis, such as the synthesis of proteins and amino acids. This is also an extremely important factor.

The amount of biomass produced is between 4 and 10 El/13.

This biomass is composed of 20% protein.

The present invention may be better understood by studying a representative example of a processing apparatus according to the invention illustrated in the drawings, which are representative process flow sheets.

To explain the process according to the drawings, the residue sent from the distiller 1 is sent to the centrifugal separator 3 by the pump 2, and then to the heat exchanger 5.
and transported to the fermentation tower 6.

ALF equipped with automatic cleaning means that work during operation
The A-LAVAL type centrifugal separator 3 separates sludge present in suspension in the liquid.

This sludge is collected in a plastic tank 4.

The heat exchanger 5 is used as a cooler and brings the liquid to a temperature of about 40° C. in the duct and the PVC fermentation column.

Stainless steel containers 7 and 8 are used for producing nutrient solution and culturing seeds (1
(subculture medium).

These are connected to air and steam lines, and are also cultivated by pumps! connected to the base.

(None of these are shown.) A culture medium (fermentation tower) 6 having a capacity of 100 microorganisms is used for culturing microorganisms, and is preferably provided with a perforated ring 16 at the bottom for introducing air. , a shaft 17 with blades 18 moved by a motor is preferably provided for stirring the medium.

The air introduced into the fermentation tower comes from a compressor 9 equipped with a preliminary filter 10, which removes coarse particles in the air.

Furthermore, the compressor 9 is equipped with a bacterial filter to remove fine particles and contaminants.

The duct and equipment are located on the outlet side of the distiller, are at high temperature, and are made of stainless steel.

Their sterilization is carried out by steam from a steam generator (not shown).

In the same way, the containers for culture seeds (primary culture medium) 7 and nutrient solution 8 are also sterilized.

The remaining ducts and fermentation tower 6 are made of polyvinyl chloride,
The sterilization is carried out by flowing an aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution prepared in a container (not shown) along the duct and the fermentation tower wall.
3 contains hydrochloric acid and silicone used to adjust pH and control foam formation. 14 and a drum type filter 15.

After sterilizing the operating process circuit and fermentation column of the continuous process, the residue from the first distillation was introduced into the fermentation column.

A pump 2 and a valve (not shown) suitably feed the residue to the centrifuge 3 by adjusting the flow rate such that yeast is most effectively removed from the residue.

The separated liquid was cooled and then reached the fermentation tower 6, filling about 415 volumes.

An antifoam agent consisting of sterile silicone oil was then added from container 13.

The pH was adjusted with sterile hydrochloric acid from container 12.

Addition of antifoaming agents and pH regulators can be carried out during the culturing process, if necessary.

The air from the compressor 9 that has passed through the filter 11 is introduced into the fermentation tower through the perforated ring 16.

Air flow is regulated by valves as necessary.

At the same time, the shaft 18 with stirring blades 17 is connected to the motor 1
Driven by 9.

A nutrient solution 8 is then introduced into the fermentation tower 6 by a pump and the solution is inoculated with culture seeds.

During the fermentation process, the process is controlled by analyzing and observing samples taken from a valve (not shown) in the middle section of the side of the fermentation column.

After the fermentation culture process is finished, open the valve (
(not shown) is opened.

The recovered biomass is separated from the medium by a separation device such as a strip filter.

The collected mycelium is mixed into animal feed.

Example Residue 1001 from the first distillation of a white wine factory in the Conique region (France) was taken.

The characteristics of the medium are as follows.

Temperature 87℃ PH3.2 Suspended solids 3.29/l Chemical oxygen demand 36,400■, 02/l Biological oxygen demand
23,000■, 0□/l total dry matter
25.1E//l! Inorganic substances 2.8
g/it organic matter 22.3. ! iI/
13 Total nitrogen substances 4651r19/l Reducing sugar 1,4701r1g/l Total sugar content
2,145 m9/13 This medium was centrifuged to obtain a sludge weighing 320 g in the dry state consisting essentially of wine-producing yeast.

This sludge contained approximately 32% protein.

When this sludge was added to animal feed and the animals were fed with the animal feed, their growth was similar to or better than that of animals fed with normal animal feed.

The yeast-free medium was then cooled to 20-25°C.

Cooling was performed by a sheet heat exchanger.

The cooled medium was introduced in a sterile state into a fermentation column which had already been sterilized.

The medium was enriched with sterile urea solution at a rate of 1 g/11 total medium.

The pH of the medium was adjusted to 2, and the medium was stirred and carbonated during the cultivation period.

Thereafter, the material in the fermentation column was freed from a culture formed in the same medium inoculated with a suspension of freeze-dried spores of Penicillium spinulosum strain 129 (Feikoken Bibori No. 4086, ATCC 20466). Inoculated.

After a maximum of 120 hours, the microorganisms were separated from the culture medium by means of a strip filter.

9,800 kg (dry weight) of mycelium was recovered, which contained 31% protein.

Further, the content of nitrogenous substances consisting of proteins and amino acids was 40 to 45%.

This amount was comparable to 40 to 50% of the nitrogen content when molasses, fruit juice, etc. are treated with yeast.

This mycelium was then mixed with animal feed. When animals were raised using this animal feed, they showed similar growth or better growth than when raised with normal animal feed.

As a result of analyzing the liquid phase, the chemical oxygen demand was 6.3001.
11fl, 02/l tear, biological oxygen demand 5, 7
00rv, 02/l! Te Atsuta.

Therefore, decontamination was not yet complete at this stage.

The liquid medium is then filtered through a diatomaceous earth filter,
Suspended particles were removed and then subjected to reverse osmosis.

As a result, legal standards (40■, 02
A completely decontaminated liquid was obtained, satisfying a chemical oxygen demand of less than ,4'.

Concentrates containing organic substances were mixed into animal feed.

When animals were raised using this animal feed, they showed similar growth or better growth than when raised with normal animal feed.

The present invention has the following advantages.

First, the present invention can substantially reduce the environmental pollution caused by distillation residues.

Depending on the culture adopted for processing the distillation residues, it is possible to produce proteins that can be used as a source of protein for animal feed or human food, or in two cases to process said residues more cheaply. We were able to obtain a source of microorganisms that made this possible.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawing is a flow sheet showing typical steps of the present invention. 1... Distiller, 2... Centrifugal separator, 6
...Fermentation tower.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A step of centrifuging a sludge containing wine-brewing yeast from the distillation residue of white wine, a step of cooling the medium from which yeast has been removed to a temperature of 20 to 25°C, and a step of separating actinomycetes inoculating said medium with a culture tank produced by inoculating said same medium with a suspension containing a microbial species selected from the group consisting of: and fungi; and growing said microorganisms; A step of separating and recovering bimass generated from a medium, and a step of separating the recovered liquid after separating the biomass into purified water and a biosynthetic substance by filtering it with a diatomaceous earth filter and subjecting it to reverse osmosis treatment. A method for producing animal feed consisting of: 2. Animal feed obtained by separating and drying the sludge containing yeast collected by the method set forth in claim 1. 3. Animal feed obtained by drying the biomass obtained by the method according to claim 1.