JPS5836123B2 - sand pile creation equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a sand pile construction device for constructing sand piles in soft ground in order to improve the soft ground.

There have been various types of sand pile construction equipment for creating sand piles in soft ground, one of which is a double pipe structure consisting of an outer casing and an inner casing, and is capable of creating high quality sand piles. There is a sand pile creation device that can do this.

Such a sand pile construction device includes a hollow outer casing, an exciter disposed above the outer casing so as to be movable up and down via an air spring, an upper end of which is fixed to the exciter, and a portion below the upper end of the exciter. an inner casing suspended in the outer casing, the air spring is filled with pressurized air to integrally fix the exciter and the outer casing, and the The outer casing (including the inner casing) penetrates into the ground due to directional vibration.

Then, the pressurized air in the air spring is gradually released and the edge between the exciter and the outer casing is cut to prevent the vibration of the exciter from being transmitted to the outer casing. To prevent the ground from being agitated by the vibrations transmitted to the surrounding ground, only the inner casing is moved up and down by the vibration of the exciter to compact the sand in the outer casing, and the pressurized air is pumped into the air spring to the extent that it does not become one with the outer casing. The inner casing is moved up and down independently of the up-and-down movement by the vibrator, and the compacted sand off the outer casing is pushed out from the outer casing into the ground.

Next, the air spring is again filled with pressurized air to propagate the vibrations of the exciter to the outer casing, and the outer casing is pulled out, and the above-mentioned operations are repeated to create a sand pile in the ground.

However, in the conventional sand pile construction equipment described above, the stroke of the air spring that moves the inner casing up and down separately from the vibrator is short, so when the outer casing is penetrated into the ground to the required depth, the outer casing If soft earth and sand get into the air spring at a height higher than the stroke length of the air spring, it becomes impossible to create a sand pile.

In other words, if dirt gets into the outer casing higher than the stroke length of the air spring, the height of the dirt that got into the outer casing is higher than the lifting stroke length of the inner casing, so the air spring is actuated to move the inner casing away. Even if the sand tamping and extruding part at the lower end of the inner casing is raised and lowered, it only moves up and down in the earth and sand that has entered the outer casing.

Therefore, not only the sand thrown into the outer casing, but also the earth and sand that has entered the outer casing cannot be discharged from the outer casing, and as a result, it becomes impossible to construct sand piles.

Such intrusion of the above-mentioned earth and sand into the outer casing can occur even if an opening/closing shoe is provided at the lower end of the outer casing, or a point sand is applied in which sand is previously introduced into the outer casing offshore before intrusion. It is something.

This is a sand pile construction device that penetrates the outer casing into the ground by the vertical vibration of the vibrator, so the opening/closing shoe repeats opening and closing due to the vertical vibration of the vibrating machine, and when the opening/closing shoe is in the open state, it is possible to create sand piles. The sand gets into the outer casing, and the point sand flows due to the vertical vibration of the exciter, causing the dirt to get into the outer casing.

This problem is a fateful problem of the above-mentioned sand pile construction device in which the outer casing penetrates into the ground by the vertical vibration of the exciter.

The height of the earth and sand that enters the outer casing described above varies depending on the soil quality, but is usually about 500 to 1000 mm, while the stroke length of the air spring is 200 to 300 mm. The reality is that it is not possible to create.

In addition, even if the height of the dirt and sand that has entered the outer casing is lower than the stroke length of the air spring and it is possible to discharge the dirt and sand from the outer casing by raising and lowering the inner casing, the stroke length of the air spring is short, so The amount of compacted sand off the coast of Kasink is small, so workability is poor, and it is difficult to further compact the compacted sand.

The present invention aims to provide a sand pile construction device that improves the above-mentioned drawbacks.

The present invention relates to a sand pile construction device in which earth and sand enters the outer casing due to the vertical vibration of an exciter during penetration. In view of the fact that the stroke length is lower than the height of the earth and sand that has entered the outer casing, the earth and sand in the outer casing cannot be discharged, and furthermore, the sand cannot be compacted and pushed out firmly and efficiently.
It is characterized by using a long stroke air spring with bellows stacked vertically in multiple stages, and configured to move the inner casing up and down over a long stroke.

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, one embodiment of the sand pile construction apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The sand pile building device of the present invention in this embodiment includes an outer casing 1, a support 2 fixed to the outer casing 1, an exciter 3 attached to the support 2 so as to be able to rise and fall, and an exciter 3 attached to the support and the outer casing 1, an inner casing 5 fixed to the exciter 3 and suspended in the outer casing 1, and an air spring 4 interposed in the middle of the support 2. A shock absorber 6 is provided.

The outer casing 1 has a cylindrical shape, and a short pipe 10 having a similar cylindrical shape is fixed to the upper end thereof, and hoppers 11 for feeding sand are fixed on both left and right sides of the short pipe 10, and the outer casing 1, The short pipe 10 and the hopper 11 are communicated with each other.

The pillars 2 are fixed to the four corners of the upper surface of the short pipe 10 and the hopper 11, and the four pillars 2 are extended upward from the upper end of the outer casing 1 in the direction of the central axis of the outer casing 1. To enable a long vertical expansion/contraction stroke of an air spring 4.

A rectangular fixing plate 70 is fixed to the lower end of the column 2, and a similarly rectangular elevating plate 71 is attached to the column 2 so as to be movable up and down.

A cylindrical air spring protector 72 is fixed on the fixed plate TO, and the exciter 3 is mounted on the elevating plate 71.

Two air springs 4 are interposed between the fixed plate 70 and the elevating plate T1, and a guide pipe 73 is installed on the elevating plate 71.
The upper end of the guide pipe 73 is fixed to the fixing plate 7.
0, and a stopper 74 is attached to the lower end of the guide pipe 73.

As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the air spring 4 is of a so-called four-ring type, and has two circular end plates 41 and a circular shape with a diameter slightly smaller than the diameter of the end plates 41. It is provided with an appropriate number of intermediate plates 42, for example three, and an appropriate number of bellows 43, for example four, and a cushion ring 430, which are made of an elastic member such as rubber and have a four-line bellows shape.

An engaging claw 410 that closely engages the end of the bellows 43 is protruded in an annular shape on one surface of the end plate 41, and a mounting hole 411 is appropriately provided at a location outside the engaging claw 410 of the end plate 41. establish.

Engagement claws 420 that closely engage the ends of the bellows 43 are protruded on both sides of the intermediate plate 42 in an annular shape having the same diameter as the engagement claws 410 of the end plate 41, and the engagement claws of the intermediate plate 42. 42
A through hole 421 for air circulation is provided in the center inside the 0,
On the other hand, two sets of guide arms 44 are provided at the outer peripheral end of the intermediate plate 42.

This guide arm 44 includes a substantially rectangular fixed plate 440 fixed to the outer peripheral end of the intermediate plate 42 and a substantially triangular sliding plate 44.
1, a semi-annular guide member 442 fixed to the slide plate 441, a fixing bolt 443 and a nut 44.
4, and the fixing bolt 44 is attached to the fixing plate 440.
3 are provided, and elongated holes 446 through which the fixing bolts 443 can be inserted in the slide plate 441 correspond to the through holes 445 of the fixing plate 440,
Two elongated holes 446 are provided so that the longitudinal direction of the intermediate plate 42 coincides with the radial direction of the intermediate plate 42, and the fixing bolts 443 and nuts 444 are inserted between the through holes 445 of the fixed plate 440 and the elongated holes 446 of the slide plate 441. , and the slide plate 441 is attached to the fixed plate 440 so as to be able to slide slightly in the radial direction of the intermediate plate 42.

Then, the two end plates 41 are placed facing each other with an appropriate gap between them with the engaging claws 410 inside, and the three intermediate plates 42 are arranged between the two end plates 41, and Board 4
The four bellows 43 are arranged between the end plate 41 and the intermediate plate 42 and between the intermediate plate 42 and the intermediate plate 42, and both ends of the bellows 43 are engaged with the engaging claw 410 of the end plate 41 and the intermediate plate Matching claw 4
20 or the engaging claws 420 of the intermediate plate 42 and the engaging claws 420 of the intermediate plate 42, respectively, and a cushion ring 430 is fitted into the valley of the bellows 43, and the lower end plate 41
A through hole 412 for air circulation is provided in the center.

The upper and lower end plates 41 of the air spring 4 thus formed are fixed to the fixing plate 70.
and the lifting plate 71 respectively, and the guide members 442 of the air spring 4 are respectively engaged with the guide struts 73, and the branches from the air circulation pipe are inserted into the through holes 412 for air circulation in the lower part 7HH1 of the air spring 4. Connect tubing (not shown).

An air hose or the like (not shown) from a compressor (not shown) is connected to an air inlet and an air outlet provided in this air distribution pipe via a solenoid valve or the like (not shown).

By switching the solenoid valve or the like, air from the compressor is compressed into or released from the air spring 4, causing the air spring 4 to expand or contract, thereby causing the vibrator 3 and the inner casing 5 to rise and fall. .

The stroke length of the air spring 4 mentioned above is made longer than the height of the earth and sand that has entered the outer casing during penetration.

For example, it is 1,200 to 1,500. The inner casing 5 has a cylindrical shape, and its upper end is connected to the elevating plate T1.
The jet nozzle 50 is fixed to the lower end, and the jet air supply pipe is fixed to the inner surface. A compressor (
Connect an air hose etc. (not shown) from the
Air is injected from the jet nozzle 50, and a tamping body 52 is fixed to the lowermost end of the inner casing 5.

This tamped body 52 has three ribs 520 implanted from the outer peripheral side of the inner casing 50, and a short pipe 52 is attached to the ribs 520.
The inner peripheral side surface of 1 is fixed.

The shock absorber 6, as shown in FIG.
The lower end of a hollow cylindrical tube 60 is fixed to the upper end of the support column 2, and the shaft member 6 is inserted into the cylindrical tube 60 from the upper end of the cylindrical tube 60.
A spring receiver 62 is attached to the lower end of the shaft member 61, and a compression spring 63 is interposed between the spring receiver 62 and the cylindrical tube 60. The connecting member 64 is fixed, and the sheave 65 is mounted on the connecting member 64.

The sand pile building apparatus of the present invention in this embodiment has the above-mentioned configuration, and its construction work will be explained below with reference to FIG. 8.

(a) First, the sand pile construction device of the present invention is suspended from a leader (not shown) via the sheave 65, and positioned at a predetermined position on the soft ground G to be improved.

Next, the air is compressed in the air spring 4 and the guide pipe 13 is
By engaging the stopper 74 with the fixing plate TO, fixing the outer casing 1 and the exciter 3 integrally, and operating the exciter 3, the forced vibration of the exciter 3 in the vertical direction is caused. It is transmitted to the outer casing 1, and the outer casing 1 (including the inner casing 5) penetrates into the ground G.

At this time, the shock absorber installed in the middle of the pillar 2
6 absorbs vibrations propagated from the exciter 3 via the guide pipe 73, the fixed plate 70, and the support column 2.

Therefore, while the outer casing 1 is being penetrated, the vibration of the vibrator 3 is not transmitted to the leader.

Further, even if the air is compressed in the air spring 4 and the outer casing 1 and the exciter 3 are integrated, the air spring 4 is not a completely rigid body.

Therefore, the air spring 4 always expands and contracts during the penetration of the casing in addition to the expansion and contraction due to the press-in and release of air, and the outer casing 1 is constantly moving up and down due to the expansion and contraction of the air spring 4.

Therefore, even if the tip of the outer casing 1 hits hard ground, the outer casing 1 can break through the hard ground and penetrate deeper due to its vertical movement, that is, dynamic friction.

As a result, the sand pile construction device of the present invention can efficiently penetrate the casing etc. into the rock.

For example, when comparing the penetration efficiency with a vibrator with the same capacity mounted directly on the top of the outer casing, it was found that the long-stroke air spring interposed between the outer casing and the vibrator of the present invention A sand pile making device can penetrate casing etc. about 1.5 times faster.

(b) Once the outer casing 1 has penetrated into the ground G to a predetermined depth, sand is poured into the outer casing 1 from the hopper 11.
Throw it inside.

(C) Then, remove the air from the air spring 4, release the stopper 14 of the guide pipe T3 from the fixed plate 70,
Cut the connection between outer casing 1 and exciter 3? , while preventing vibrations from the vibrator 3 from being transmitted to the outer casing 1, only the inner casing 5 is moved up and down by the vibrator 3, and air is introduced into the air spring 4 by the stopper 14 of the guide pipe 13.
is compressed or removed to such an extent that it does not engage with the fixed plate 70, and the inner casing 5 is moved up and down separately from the up and down movement by the vibrator 3.

Then, the ground G around the outer casing 1 is protected from being stirred by the outer casing 1, and the sand in the outer casing 1 is compacted by the inner casing 5 and pushed out from the tip of the outer casing 1.

At this time, the telescopic lifting stroke length of the air spring 4 is extremely long compared to the air spring of conventional sand pile construction equipment, and is also longer than the height of the earth and sand that enters the outer casing 1 during penetration. ), the outer casing 1
Even if soft earth and sand enters the outer casing 1 when the earth and sand penetrate to the required depth, the earth and sand in the outer casing 1 can be discharged out from the outer casing 1 by raising and lowering the inner casing 5. .

In addition, since the inner casing 5 can be moved up and down over a long stroke, the inner casing 5 can sufficiently tamp down the compacted sand in the outer casing 1, and also If you extrude a large amount at once, W
FC and work efficiency is improved.

Then, while the sand in the outer casing 1 is being compacted by the inner casing 5, the outer casing 1 is gradually pulled out.

By doing this, the sand comes out well and there is no need to stop pulling out the outer casing 1, so the work efficiency can be improved.

Furthermore, by injecting air from the jet nozzle 50, the sand is pushed out from the tip of the outer casing 1, and together with the pushing out and tamping of the inner casing 5, a stronger sand pile can be quickly built. can.

Furthermore, if the outer casing 1 cannot be pulled out easily at first, air can be press-fitted into the air spring 4 to integrate the outer casing 1 and the vibrator 3 to transmit vibration to the outer casing 1. The resistance of the ground G around the outer casing 1 is reduced, and the outer casing 1 can be pulled out.

Then, after pulling out the outer casing 1 a little (about 1 to 2 m), remove the air from the air spring 4 and remove the outer casing 1.
The outer casing 1 is pulled out while compacting the sand with the inner casing 5.

Cd) Strong sand piles are constructed in the soft ground G as described above.

As is clear from the above examples, the sand pile construction device of the present invention is designed to move the inner casing up and down over a long stroke using a long stroke air spring, so that the sand pile construction device of the present invention is designed to move the inner casing up and down over a long stroke. Even if it gets into the outer casing, the earth and sand in the outer casing can be discharged from the outer casing by raising and lowering the inner casing, and therefore a sand pile can be created.

In addition, since the inner casing has a long lifting stroke, the compacted sand in the outer casing can be compacted even more thoroughly, and a large amount of compacted sand in the outer casing can be pushed out at once, resulting in a strong Not only can sand piles with high quality be obtained, but also workability is improved.

Furthermore, since the entire device is suspended via a shock absorber, vertical vibrations of the exciter when penetrating the outer casing etc. can be absorbed and prevented from being transmitted to the reader etc.

Furthermore, since a long-stroke air spring is interposed between the outer casing and the exciter, the outer casing constantly moves up and down due to expansion and contraction other than the expansion and contraction caused by press-in and release of air from this air spring. That is, dynamic friction allows the casing etc. to penetrate into the ground very efficiently.

Note that, as a matter of course, the sand pile construction apparatus of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The attached drawings show an embodiment of the sand pile building apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a front view, and FIGS.
-■ line sectional view and I-1 line sectional view, Fig. 4 is a partial sectional view of the air spring, Fig. 5 is a view in the direction of the ■ arrow in Fig. 4,
The drawings are a view taken in the direction of the ■ arrow in FIG. 5, FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the shock absorber, and FIGS. 8a, b, c, and d are explanatory diagrams of the construction work of the sand pile building apparatus of the present invention. 1...Outer casing, 2...Strut, 3
...Exciter, 4...Air spring, 5...
...Inner casing, 6...Shock absorber.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A fixed plate, a column installed on the upper surface of the fixed plate, an exciter mounted on the prop so that it can be raised and lowered, an air spring interposed between the exciter and the fixed plate, and the fixed plate. an outer casing whose upper end is fixed to the lower surface of the plate and suspended; an inner casing whose upper end is fixed to the vibrator and suspended within the outer casing; and means for suspending the support and the entire apparatus. a shock absorber interposed therebetween; the air spring is extended to integrate the exciter and the outer casing; the exciter is operated to penetrate the outer casing and the inner casing into the ground; In the sand pile construction device, the air spring is expanded and contracted while operating a vibrator, and the sand in the outer casing is tamped and pushed out by the inner casing while pulling out the outer casing and the inner casing to create a sand pile in the ground. The air spring has an upper end plate fixed to the vibration exciter, a lower end plate fixed to the fixed plate, one or more intermediate plates arranged between the upper end plate and the lower end, and the upper end plate fixed to the fixed plate. A bellows is extendably and airtightly interposed between the lower surface and the upper surface of the intermediate plate, between the upper surface of the lower end plate and the lower surface of the intermediate plate, or between the intermediate plates, and A through hole for air circulation is provided inside the bellows, and an air chamber surrounded by the upper and lower end plates and the bellows is communicated with an air supply section, and air is supplied into the air chamber. A sand pile making device characterized in that the air spring is expanded and contracted by dipping and pulling, so that the inner casing can be raised and lowered over a long stroke.