JPS5840003B2 - binary cycle generator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is extremely useful for the utilization and recovery of thermal energy contained in air-water mixtures or hot water ejected from geothermal wells, and other hot water that is by-produced during production in chemical factories, etc. Regarding the binary cycle power generation equipment that is used efficiently, in particular, by installing equipment in the cycle to remove decomposition and polymerization products of the working fluid, operational efficiency can be increased, maintenance costs can be reduced, and by regeneration of the working fluid. This invention relates to a binary cycle power generation device that enables savings.

The general structure of the binary cycle power generation device is as shown in FIG.

That is, the hot water mixture or hot water 1 exchanges heat with the binary cycle working fluid 2 in the evaporator 11, and the working fluid is heated and evaporated to drive the turbine 12 and the generator 13 connected to the turbine. Electricity is generated by

The working fluid 2 is then condensed into a liquid by exchanging heat with cold water or air 3 in the condenser 14 and stored in the storage tank 15 .

The working fluid 2 is sent from the storage tank 15 to the evaporator 11 again by the pump 16 and is circulated in the above-described order.

The working fluid 2 used in this binary cycle power generation device is a low boiling point fluid such as isobutane or fluorocarbon, but fluorocarbon, which is a general term for many types of halogenated hydrocarbons, is nonflammable and has little toxicity. It is extremely convenient to use because it is chemically stable.

For example, Freon 114 (C (J'F2CC1F2)) has a vapor pressure of 14.3 kg/cwt (absolute) at 100°C.
, 1 at 20°C. s 5 kg/cti (absolute)
It is commonly used because it has properties that match well with binary cycle power generation.

However, these fluorocarbons are originally used as refrigerants, and although they are chemically extremely stable when used for that purpose, they are If it is constantly exposed to high temperatures, it may come into contact with the metal surface in the presence of moisture, oil, etc., causing a chemical reaction and decomposition.

That is, the fluorocarbons used decompose into hydrocarbons, chlorine, fluorine, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride, etc., which further react to form other fluorocarbons in a chemical reaction.

On the other hand, it is possible to produce fluorocarbon compounds that are difficult to decompose at high temperatures, but this may be expensive and binary
Since a large amount is used in cycle power generation, it cannot be said to be appropriate.

Rather, it is economically better to remove the decomposition products from time to time and use them for resynthesis even if they are slightly decomposed.

When the working fluid, Freon, decomposes, the following problems occur.

(1) Chemically active substances such as acids are generated, which causes corrosion of various parts of the equipment.

(2) Substances with lower boiling points than the CFCs used are produced and gases that are not condensed in the condenser accumulate in the condenser or storage tank, increasing condenser pressure and reducing turbine efficiency.

(3) Substances with a higher boiling point than the CFCs used are generated and adhere to the evaporator, causing fouling of the evaporator, or adhere to the turbine, causing turbine failure.

(4) Solid matter is generated and deposited in various parts, which tends to cause fouling of the heat exchanger and failure of the turbine.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a binary-cycle power generation apparatus which eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional binary-cycle power generation apparatus and prevents breakdowns and deterioration of heat exchanger fouling efficiency.

The present invention provides a gas-liquid separator attached to the condenser of a binary-cycle power generation device, or a gas-liquid separator is provided between the condenser and the storage tank to remove heavy components of the decomposition and polymerization products of the working fluid. If necessary, install a filter in this part to remove solids, and if necessary, install a gas-liquid separator attached to the evaporator or install a gas-liquid separator between the evaporator and the turbine. The above objective is achieved by providing a liquid separator to separate and remove heavy components.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a binary-cycle power generation device according to the present invention.

In the figure, a filter 31 and a gas-liquid separator 21 are installed between the condenser 14 and the storage tank 15, and a gas-liquid separator 41 is installed between the evaporator 11 and the turbine 12. There is.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the structure of the gas-liquid separator 21.

That is, the main body 22 of the gas-liquid separator 21 is divided into a lower chamber 24 and an upper chamber 25 by a partition plate 23, and the upper and lower compartments are connected by a pipe 26.

A gas-liquid mixture port 27 is provided at the top of the lower chamber 24, a liquid outlet 28 is provided at the bottom, and a gas outlet 29 is provided at the top of the upper chamber 25.

The gas-liquid mixture 27 is connected via a filter 31 to the condenser 14 by piping, and the liquid outlet 28 is likewise connected to the storage tank 15 by piping.

Further, the gas outlet 29 is connected to a processing device outside the power generation device by piping, and in the middle of the piping is a control valve 51 that opens and closes at a pressure slightly higher than the steam pressure at the cooling water or air temperature used in the condenser of the working fluid. is installed.

The structure of the gas-liquid separator 41 installed between the evaporator 11 and the turbine 12 is the same as that of the gas-liquid separator 21 described above.

However, its gas-liquid mixture inlet is connected to the evaporator 11 by piping, and its gas outlet is connected to the turbine 12 by piping.

Further, the liquid outlet is connected to a processing device outside the power generating apparatus by a pipe, and a control valve 52 that opens and closes at a predetermined level of the liquid level in the gas-liquid separator 41 is installed in the middle of the pipe.

Although it is sufficient for the filter 31 to be a filter made of a commonly used material such as a wire mesh, it is preferable to connect two filters in parallel so that they can be switched and cleaned even during operation.

The configuration of this embodiment other than the above-described portions is the same as that of the conventional binary-cycle power generation device described above, so a description thereof will be omitted.

In this embodiment, the heavy components generated as a result of decomposition and polymerization of the working fluid are not condensed in the condenser 13, and therefore accumulate in the upper chamber 25 of the gas-liquid separator 21.

When a certain amount or more accumulates and the pressure in the upper chamber 25 increases, the control valve 51 opens and the heavy fraction 4 is taken out to a processing device outside the system through piping.

Similarly, heavy components generated as a result of decomposition and polymerization of the working fluid accumulate in the lower chamber of the gas-liquid separator 41, and when the accumulation exceeds a certain level, the control valve 52 opens and the heavy components 5 are taken out of the system. Ru.

Further, solid matter produced as a result of decomposition and polymerization of the working fluid is collected by a filter 31 and taken out of the system.

Therefore, in this embodiment, corrosion of each part of the device is prevented, there is no reduction in the efficiency of the power generation device due to pressure increase in a part of the condenser, there is no fouling of the heat exchanger, and no failure of the turbine.

The embodiments described above describe cases in which a gas-liquid separator is installed between the evaporator and the turbine, and a filter is installed between the condenser and the storage tank, but these are not necessarily required, and the condenser and storage tank are The present invention can often be effectively carried out even when only a gas-liquid separator is installed between the two.

That is, as a result of the decomposition and polymerization of the working fluid, the greatest adverse effect on the binary cycle power generation device is the performance deterioration due to an increase in back pressure of the turbine.

As described above, the present invention eliminates all the various problems that occur when the performance deteriorates due to the alteration of the working fluid of a binary cycle power generation device, and makes a major contribution to the development of alternative energy in response to oil shortages. be.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a system diagram showing the outline of the conventional binary-cycle power generation system, Fig. 2 is a system diagram showing the outline of the binary-cycle power generation device according to the present invention, and Fig. 3 is the system diagram showing the outline of the interception of the binary-cycle power generation device according to the present invention. It is a figure showing the structure of a container. 1...Air-water mixture or hot water, 2...Working fluid, 3...Cold water or air, 4...
Heavy component, 5... Heavy component, 11... Evaporator, 12... Turbine, 13... Generator, 14...・Capacitor 15...
Storage tank, 16... Pump, 21...
・Gas-liquid separator, 31...Filter 41...
...gas-liquid separator.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An evaporator that heats and evaporates a working fluid using hot water or a mixture of hot water and steam, a turbine connected to a generator and driven by the working fluid steam, and a working fluid that exits the turbine. A binary cycle power generation device having a condenser that is cooled and condensed by water or air, a storage tank that stores the condensed working fluid, and a pump that supplies the working fluid in the storage tank to the evaporator. A binary-cycle power generation device characterized in that a heavy component is removed from decomposition polymerization products of a working fluid by providing a gas-liquid separator between the condenser and the storage tank. . 2. The binary-cycle power generation device according to claim 1, further comprising a filter provided between the condenser and the storage tank to remove solids generated by decomposition and polymerization of the working fluid. 3. A gas-liquid separator is provided attached to the evaporator or a gas-liquid separator is provided between the evaporator and the turbine to remove heavy components from the decomposition and polymerization products of the working fluid. A binary-cycle power generation device according to claim 1 or 2.