JPS5842454B2 - Human body photography lighting equipment and human body photography equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a lighting device for photographing and a human body photographing device having such a lighting device.

2. Description of the Related Art It is common practice to measure a person's body shape and use it to measure clothing, etc. or to measure health.

In this field, negative drawings (silhouettes) of the human body are used.
In order to be able to directly measure the body shape, a graph scale is also photographed on the photographic paper at the same time, so that the actual size of each part of the human body can be measured from this scale.

That is, if the scale of the photographed silhouette is determined in advance, the actual size can be obtained by subtracting the scale value read from the negative image by a magnification corresponding to the scale.

Therefore, a human body imaging device used as such a "measuring device" is required to have strict silhouette scaling accuracy.

This accuracy needs to be particularly strict when used for the above-mentioned health measurement.

This is because the correlation between the body shape of each part of the human body and motor function has been statisticized in advance through computer analysis down to very small numerical values, and even a slight measurement error can have a large effect on determining this correlation.

Furthermore, in this type of measurement, the human body is considered to be a "mass".
It is necessary to measure it three-dimensionally.

In the past, it was possible to one-dimensionally capture the outermost outline of the human body from the silhouette, but for example, the thickness of the base of the arm, the thickness of the thigh, or especially the three-dimensional measurement of the joints of each part of the human body cannot be accurately measured. I couldn't do it.

In view of this, the present invention has succeeded in photographing a human body from a negative image in a highly accurate and three-dimensional manner by improving the illumination device for the subject.

Furthermore, the present invention also provides a human body photographing apparatus having such an improved illumination device.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 to 3 show an entire human body photographing apparatus having an illumination apparatus 1 and a photographing device 50 according to the present invention. 3 The illumination apparatus 1 is basically a front wall that is stood upright on a flat base 3. The illumination box has a circumferential wall 4 with only a portion 2 open and a ceiling wall 6 that closes the upper part of the circumferential wall 4.

The peripheral wall 4 is formed by, for example, covering six poles 7 installed on the base 3 with vinyl leather.

The contour of the peripheral side wall 4 is not limited to that shown in the drawings, and for example, the cross section thereof may be U-shaped, polygonal, or arc-shaped.

A measuring table 5 is fixed at a fixed position on the base 3. The height of the lighting box should be about 2.5 m at most, assuming that the tallest person can enter the box.

There are four fluorescent lights 9 each on the left and right inside of the front opening 2.
The light cases 10 including the light cases 10 are stacked in three tiers.

A light case 10 with four fluorescent lamps 9 forms a flat light source.

Each light case 10 and therefore the fluorescent lamp 9 therein are inclined by α with respect to the optical axis LL of the camera 50, as shown in FIG.

When a commercially available 30W fluorescent lamp is used as the fluorescent lamp 9, it has been confirmed that when α is 30°, the unevenness of the person in the negative image becomes clearest and no shadows are produced, which is most preferable.

It has also been confirmed that the effects of the present invention can be fully expected up to the range of α-300±10°.

It has been confirmed through experiments that when the angle is α-30°, no shadow of the subject (person) appears not only on the back screen on the peripheral wall of the lighting box but also on the resulting negative image.

Preferably, a ring-shaped fluorescent lamp 11 is also arranged below the measuring table 5 to illuminate the person's feet.

The inner surface of vinyl leather, for example, forming the peripheral wall 4 is colored in a color complementary to the skin color of the person.

In other words, the skin color of a person is Munsell value, for example, 5YR8/2.
Since it is expressed as , its complementary color is Munsell value 5B8
/2 light bluish gray vinyl leather is used.

In this way, by making the back screen a complementary color of the human body or a color close to it, the outline of the human body becomes clear.

This is because the boundary line between two colored objects is generally the clearest when they have a complementary color relationship.

Incidentally, the person who is the subject generally stands on the measuring table 5 wearing only a swimsuit or half-naked.

Next, the reason for configuring the lighting device as described above will be explained.

First, considering the amount of light and the light source, it will be understood that if a single light source with a strong amount of light is used from in front of the subject, a shadow will be created on the back screen.

One possible solution to this problem of shadows is to use a back screen with a color tone that directs strong light from in front of the subject onto the subject and absorbs the excess light.

However, if the subject has a color tone that absorbs light similar to that of the back screen, it becomes difficult to distinguish that part from the back screen.

For example, if the hair part cannot be distinguished from the back screen, it becomes difficult to measure the height of the subject.

Another method for preventing shadows is to make the amount of light on the back screen exceed the amount of light coming from in front of the subject.

In this case, two methods are possible: one in which light from the front is reflected by the back screen, and the other in which light is also projected from the back screen side. In the former case, the relationship between the light source and the subject, the light source and the screen, and the screen and camera distance, Also, problems such as the reflectance of the screen have a subtle effect, and the amount of light on the screen side tends to be insufficient, resulting in shadows, although they are slightly fainter.

In addition, there is a contradictory problem in that the higher the reflectance of the screen, the more uneven the amount of light will occur depending on the direction of reflection if the screen is not perfectly flat.

In the latter case, a strong amount of light is emitted from behind the subject, resulting in a situation similar to "1 backlight", which is undesirable.

Ultimately, in order to solve the problem of shape, the relationship between the position of the light source, the material of the screen, and the color tone is important.

From the above results, it is necessary to provide stronger light from in front of the subject or from a direction where no shadow appears on the screen.

Also, if the direction of the light is such that a shadow appears on the screen, more powerful light is required on the screen side.

In order to make the unevenness of the subject clear, when the light is coming from the front of the subject, objects with almost uniform light reflectance, such as the human body, are photographed flat, making it difficult to clearly show the unevenness.

For this reason, considering the shadows, it is better to irradiate the light from the side, but if it is directly to the side, the central part of the subject, such as the chest or the inside of the legs, will be in an island shadow where no light will enter and will not be visible on the screen. It won't happen.

In this case, although it is possible to prevent shadows from appearing on the screen, the brightness of the screen decreases because the amount of light directed toward the screen is insufficient.

In this case, in order to increase the brightness of the screen, something like a reflective umbrella is required to direct light toward the screen, which is not preferable.

Furthermore, when considering the function as an anthropometric measuring device, it is inappropriate to use a device that cannot clearly show the center of the subject.

From the above, it is considered that the best way to maintain the amount of light at the center of the subject and on the screen side and to prevent shadows from appearing on the screen is to use a light source that projects diagonally from both directions in front of the subject.

Also, considering the amount of light, it is desirable for the subject to be close to the screen.

Therefore, as a result of experimenting with various angles, it was found that the best result was obtained when α=300.

Next, considering the type of light source, strobe light sources have generally been used in the past.

However, since a strobe is a point light source, it is not possible to maintain uniformity of light intensity, resulting in not only insufficient light intensity in areas off the center of the spot, but also significant unevenness in light intensity at the periphery depending on the irradiation direction.

Furthermore, when using a strobe, there is a charge time for the flash to emit light, resulting in a loss of shooting time, and the powerful light source has a significant physical impact on the subject.

From the above points, a spot-type light source is inappropriate, and a light source that has parallel rays on a surface wider than the surface of the subject is appropriate.

In consideration of these points, in the present invention, four vertically elongated bar-shaped fluorescent lamps 9 are arranged and housed in the light case 10 to form a flat light source.

In order to use a flat light source, at least three fluorescent lamps are required in one light case.

Furthermore, although the light case does not necessarily have to be divided into three layers and stacked, it is preferable to divide the light case into three layers in consideration of the ease of obtaining commercially available fluorescent lamps and the ease of replacement in the event of a failure.

In this manner, according to the present invention, a pair of flat light sources are arranged symmetrically at an inclination angle of 300±10° with respect to the optical axis.

At this time, the shadows that would be formed by the light from each light source cancel each other out, and no shadow is created on the back screen.

Next, considering the back screen, when a wide-area light source is used, reflection is important as mentioned above.

That is, a screen with good reflectance tends to have uneven reflection due to the unevenness of the screen, and also tends to have island shadows due to oblique light, so flatness is required.

Therefore, we repeated the following tests to examine the reflectance issue and material quality.

1. When using glossy aluminum plates, the reflection is good, but when using fluorescent lamps or spotlights, the reflection is partial and the light spreads poorly.

2. When using glossy aluminum leather The result is similar to that of aluminum plate.

3. In the case of milky white acrylic Since light is transmitted, the amount of light on the screen decreases.

Since the surface is glossy, if there is strong light (from a window, etc.) on the outer periphery, it will reflect and cause unevenness in the amount of light.

4. Blue-white vinyl decorative board (glossy surface) Good reflection due to no light transmission, but has the same drawbacks as 3.0 acrylic board.

5. Vinyl leather in the same color as the decorative board above Reflection is good.

As long as flatness is achieved, uneven reflection will not occur.

6. After testing materials with different color tones, it was found that color tones that absorb light and color tones that are not sensitive to photosensitive paper are not acceptable.

As a result of the above, a material that is blue-white and does not transmit light is considered to be optimal.

In addition, plate-shaped materials require cutting and joining in order to make them compact.

On the other hand, if it is cloth-like, it can be rolled up into a roll, but flatness must be maintained.

Considering all the above points, cloth-like materials such as vinyl leather are most suitable.

Furthermore, in order to eliminate uneven reflection on the surface, a material that transmits light and reflects it diffusely may be attached to the surface of the leather.

However, in the case of vinyl leather, it is important to achieve flatness.

As a reference material, the blue-white color (Munsell value 5B8/
2) Attach the vinyl leather.

In this case, since the subject is intended to be a nude person, it was concluded that a bluish-white or light bluish gray, which is a complementary color to the subject's skin tone (Munsell value 5YR8/2), is preferable, and the subject's color may be different. Naturally, the color of the back screen, that is, the complementary color, will also be different.

Below is Munsell value 5YR8/2. Also shown is a Munsell value correspondence table between human body colors in the vicinity, Munsell values 5B8/2 having a complementary color relationship, and back screen colors in the vicinity.

In practice, when coloring the back screen in the present invention, a satisfactory result can be obtained if the Munsell values in this table are used.

In addition, in the table above, the combination of human body color and back screen color is not limited to horizontally corresponding combinations. Substantially the same effect can be obtained by coloring with other colors such as Munsell value 5B8/1 or 5B8/4.

Next, the camera 50 will be explained.

The main body 51 of the camera 500 basically comprises a lens system 53, a shutter mechanism 57, a reflector or mirror 55, and a focusing glass 56, as shown in FIG.

That is, the light from the lighting device is reflected by the reflector 55 through the lens 53.
The image is formed on the focusing glass 56 through the lens.

The lens 53 is fixed to the main body 51, and the shutter mechanism 57 and reflection plate 55 are attached to the support frame 54.

Each camera component itself is well known and will not be described in detail.

Reference numeral 60 denotes an electrical device attached to the main body 51, and when a shutter switch 71 shown in FIG. 6 is pressed, a timer 72 causes the shutter to open for a predetermined period of time.

In FIG. 4, the lens system 53 is placed in front of the reflector 55, so the height of the camera body is higher than in the conventional system in which the light is refracted upward by the reflector 55 and then focused through the lens system onto the focusing glass. In other words, it is useful for downsizing the camera.

Since it is specified that a negative image formed on photographic paper is one-tenth the size of the actual image, the optical axis distance between the subject and the photographing device is determined to satisfy this requirement.

The camera body 51 is also preferably housed within a light-shielding case 61.

The light-shielding case 61 preferably has casters 62 at its lower part so that its relative position with respect to the lighting device 1 can be easily adjusted.

The case 61 has at its front a window (not shown) corresponding to the lens 53 and a window 63 through which an operator can look into the subject person inside the illumination device 1.

The window 63 is preferably made of red acrylic glass or the like to prevent the photographic paper from being exposed to light.

The focusing glass 56 is fixed to the upper surface of the main body 51, and has a measuring scale (graph scale) drawn thereon as shown in FIG.

Photographic paper (not shown) is placed on the top surface of the focusing glass 56.

For example, photographic paper has a pair of images from two directions, such as a front image of a person on the left half and a side view of the person on the right half, so you can take the front view of the subject, then have the subject turn to the side and take the photo in order to capture the side view. A device is required to move the paper.

This movement is accomplished in the present invention by rollers 74, as best shown in FIG.

The pair of rollers 74 are fixed to a rotating shaft 76 rotatably supported by the lid 75, and are rotated by turning a knob 77 attached to one end of the rotating shaft 76.

A pair of counter rollers 78 (FIG. 5) are provided on the main body 51 in correspondence with the rollers 74, and the photographic paper is rotated between these rollers 74.
, 78 while being held in parallel in the direction of the arrow in Figure 5 L3%tL6° Therefore, once the photographic paper is set in line with the squares of the focusing glass, it can be accurately moved in parallel while maintaining its predetermined position. It can be done.

The lid 75 is hinged to, for example, the main body 51 at one end and can be opened and closed.

Advantageously, one revolution of the knob 77 corresponds to the required parallel feed of the photographic paper.

When the knob 77 is further turned, the photographic paper on which the latent images photographed from two directions have been formed is fed onto the chute 69 (FIG. 1).

The latent image formed on the photographic paper is copied and developed by a known copying machine (eg Quick Copy) 80 (FIG. 1) to produce a negative image.

The center of the optical axis of the camera is set at the height shown by H in Figure 2. This H is the center of the subject's height, for example 180 cr.
In the case of a person with a height of rL, 90cIrL is selected.

This is because taking into consideration the fact that lens aberrations generally increase as the distance from the center of the optical axis increases, it is desirable to take photographs within a range where lens aberrations are as small as possible.

Therefore, it is preferable that the height position of the center of the lens can be adjusted according to the height of the subject.

Therefore, the main body 51 is supported on a slide column 80 (FIG. 6) that is fitted into the hollow post 52.

Although not particularly shown, the slide column 80 can be slid up and down within the hollow post 52 by, for example, a feed screw mechanism, a hydraulic mechanism, an air cylinder mechanism, a pinion-rack mechanism, or the like.

The slide column 80 is locked in one direction by suitable means, such as a lock pin, to prevent rotation relative to the hollow post 52.

A projection 81 and a long hole 82 are provided on the upper surface of the slide post 80.
The protrusion 81 is fitted into a corresponding hole (not shown) formed in the lower end surface of the sliding body 87 at the lower part of the main body 51.

A set screw 83 passes through the elongated hole 82 from below and connects the sliding body 87.
It is screwed into a corresponding screw hole (not shown) formed on the lower end surface of.

That is, the position of the main body 51 and thus the camera can be adjusted in the rotational direction by the length of the elongated hole 82.

Two sliding bodies 86 and 87 (FIG. 6) are attached to the lower part of the main body 51, and the upper sliding body 86 engages with the main body 51 in a dovetail groove and can be slid in the X direction by turning a feed screw 88. , and since the sliding body 86 and the sliding body 87 are similarly engaged in dovetail grooves, the main body 51 can be moved by turning the feed screw 89.
can be slid in the Y direction perpendicular to the X direction.

By configuring as described above, the camera can move up and down, left and right, and rotate, and the positional relationship of the optical axis with respect to the illumination device can be adjusted as desired.

Reference materials 2 and 3 are negative images showing a comparison between the prior art and the present invention, and reference material 2 shows the conventional technology in which a strobe was used as the light source and a normal white screen was used as the back screen.

According to this method, only the outermost contour of the silhouette can be clearly seen, but it cannot be used for anthropometric measurement because the unevenness of the human body is not captured three-dimensionally.

On the other hand, Reference Material 3 shows the present invention photographed using the apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 to 3. According to this, the unevenness of the human body can be clearly captured, and the difference in effect from the conventional technology is obvious.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 is a perspective view of a human body imaging device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a plan view of FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the camera body, and FIG. The figure is a partially cutaway top view of the camera body, and FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the camera body. 1...Lighting device, 2...Front opening,
4... Peripheral wall, 9... Fluorescent lamp, 50...
...Photographer, 51...Photographer body, 53.
... Lens system, 55 ... Reflection plate, 56.
...Printed glass.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. In a lighting device used when photographing a half-naked great figure located in an upright lighting box that has a peripheral side wall with only the front wall facing the camera open, Human body color (for example, skin color with Munsell value 5YR8/2)
It is colored with a complementary color (for example, pale blue gray with a Munsell value of 588/2) or a color close to it, and the inner left and right sides of the front surface of the opening are colored with a color that is approximately 30 mm relative to the optical axis of the photographing device.
An illumination device for human body photography, characterized in that a flat light source having an inclination angle of 0±1O0 is symmetrically erected with respect to the optical axis. 2. An upright lighting box having a circumferential side wall with only the front wall open, and a camera that is placed facing the open front wall of the lighting box and separated by a predetermined distance to photograph a half-naked great figure inside the lighting box. In the human body photographing apparatus, the inner surface of the circumferential wall of the illumination box is colored with a color complementary to the human skin color or a color close to the same, and the left and right inner sides of the front opening of the illumination box are approximately 30°±1 with respect to the optical axis of the photographing apparatus.
A flat light source with an inclination angle of 0° is placed upright symmetrically with respect to the optical axis, and a focusing glass with a scale is provided on the top of the camera body to direct incident light from the lighting box through a lens-reflector system. 1. A human body photographing device characterized in that a three-dimensional latent image of a person can be formed on photographic paper placed on a focusing glass by projecting the image onto the focusing glass.