JPS5842735B2 - Method for repelling and controlling winged aphids and other crop pests using a reflective strip - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention deals with virus disease infection, which is a serious problem in the cultivation of vegetables such as cucumbers, tomatoes, eggplants, melons, ichiko, green peppers, radish, potatoes, etc., and flower petals such as roses. We use photoluminescent materials that promote light reflection to repel and control pests such as fixed-term aphids that mainly transmit these viruses (CMV, TMV), cucurbit beetles, and ladybird beetles that damage leaves, and prevent virus infection from infecting plants. It is about how to provide more preventive protection.

In particular, the method of the present invention has good workability such as installation,
In addition, it is highly economical as the material cost is low, and it does not become an obstacle to management work throughout the cultivation period, making it an excellent product that can continuously and sufficiently maintain the desired effect of preventing virus infection and repelling insect pests. It is related to the method.

Conventionally, in the cultivation of cucumbers, tomatoes, eggplants, melons, strawberries, etc. both outdoors and in facilities, infection and disease caused by various viruses including Kirari Mosaic Virus (CMV) have caused severe problems such as poor growth and death of the plants. This often led to a decline in production yields.

These are mainly caused by metastatic infection and feeding damage of viruses by aphids, cucumber leaf beetles, Thurilaps, leaf mites, etc.

Currently, the main method of controlling and exterminating these insects is spraying pesticides, but the pesticides currently approved for use have problems such as the need to spray them every 7 days to maintain their effectiveness. However, due to various problems such as cost, labor, chemical damage, and residual pesticides, there was an urgent need to establish a control technology.

Under such circumstances, materials and methods for preventing pest control through repellency have been devised, taking advantage of the property of the above-mentioned seasonal aphids and other major pests that dislike the "shiny" shine.

Very recent experimental results at public research institutions have shown that it is quite effective.

An example of this is a mulching method in which the entire surface of the ridge 1 is covered with a reflective film, as shown in FIGS.

This type of material and method has an excellent repellent and control effect when the crop 3 is in the seedling stage, as it allows sufficient reflected light to be obtained.
In other words, it has an excellent planar effect, but as Crop 3 grows, the leaves become thicker and the shadows become thicker (as they begin to appear, the above effect gradually decreases, and by the mid-afternoon, its repellent and control effect is reduced). is almost completely gone.

However, this method creates other obstacles as follows. Depending on the season, sunburn can cause damage to the leaves of Organism 3 during the seedling stage, and it can also hinder gas exchange in the soil, and as a secondary problem, strawberries and other plants that produce runners to propagate vegetatively (plant division) In addition, it is necessary to perform work to attract runners each time, and in the process of managing crops 3, it is necessary to perform soil filling work in ridge 1, and in this case, there is a drawback that the film covering the entire surface gets in the way.

The same applies to the application of additional fertilizer.Furthermore, there is a risk that the workers themselves may suffer from eye irritation due to strong reflexes.An even bigger problem is the increased cost of materials, which is an economical problem.

As an alternative method to the above method, as shown in Fig. 3, reflective tapes 7.7 tied to supports 6, 6 are placed parallel to the ridges on both sides and above the crops 5, 5 planted in the ridges 4. There is a tape spreading method, but in this method, the reflective tape 7 is located above the ridges 4, so even after the stems and leaves of the crops 5 and 5 have grown thickly, the three-dimensional effect of the repellent control is better than the planar mulching method. Although it is excellent in terms of material efficiency and is inexpensive in terms of material economy, it has a notable drawback of being inferior to the planar effect at the seedling stage of crops 5 and 5 as an exception.

In addition, the mulching method has the disadvantage that it obstructs management work during the cultivation period, such as mulching, weeding, etc.

As another example, a reflective panel board 10 as shown in FIG.
There is a standing sign method in which signs are erected at appropriate locations on the ridges 8 or on both sides of the crop 9.

Although the effect is the same as that of the tape spreading method, it is not a preferable method because it creates shadows that greatly impede agricultural work, and furthermore, the cost of materials becomes very high.

Furthermore, there is a method of obtaining both a planar effect and a three-dimensional effect by combining the above-mentioned mulching method and tape spreading method, but this method has serious economic disadvantages such as further increase in material costs, and also has problems during management work. Disadvantages such as increased degree of hindrance become noticeable.

In view of the above-mentioned circumstances, the present invention provides a technology that sufficiently secures the repellent and control effect against pests such as fixed-term aphids, cucumber leaf beetles, and ladybird beetles, and satisfies various conditions of workability and economy. It was devised as a method.

The material to be used is a reflective string, which can be installed in a ring around each plant as a center point, or stretched out along the trunk leaf, or used as a support or with a tied string such as a bamboo support. It is installed and configured so that it also serves as a function.

This makes it possible to simultaneously exhibit both the planar effect and the three-dimensional effect over the entire period from the seedling stage of the crop to harvest.

In addition, it does not become an obstacle during the entire cultivation period, and the economic burden of materials is extremely low, making it extremely simple to use, making it suitable for repelling and controlling aphids and other pests. It provides an excellent method and technology that has the characteristics of obtaining sufficient effects.According to the experimental results, the material used was a flat (band-shaped) string that was more effective than a reflective bright string. .

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings from FIG. 5 onwards.

Reference numeral 11 shown in Fig. 5 is a reflective and glittering string used in the present invention, which is made of a polyester, polyethylene, or polypropylene film as a base, and is coated with aluminum by vapor deposition, aluminum foil, or aluminum scale powder. This is what I did.

In terms of brightness, economy, ease of use, etc., a polypropylene base film and vapor-deposited aluminum are the most suitable.In addition, in order to improve the reflective brightness and increase the diffuse reflection function, it is also suitable for binding. For ease of use, it is appropriate to emboss the surface of the base film, that is, to form very fine irregularities 12, to give it a slight roughness, and to make it into a string shape.

The string 11 with the diffused reflection function can be installed in a ring around the base of the stem of cultivated crops, or can be used as a hanging string or strut that extends close to the stems, stems, and leaves to control pests. Protecting cultivated crops from strong reflected rays It is possible to protect cultivated crops from sunlight and create a healthy cultivation environment.

The above-mentioned repellent control method using the reflective string 11 can be used, for example, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, in the seedling stage of each crop or in the case of strawberries, watermelons, open-field melons, leafy vegetables, etc. A reflective string 11 is installed in a circular shape near the trunk of a crop 13 that grows on the ground or has a short height, and the untied portion 15 beyond the knot 14 is made long and Open it upright and attach it to the crop 13, also Fig. 7 1
As shown in 6, it is tied to the main leaf of the crop 13 and the remaining part 15 is extended to the top.

This allows the annular part to reflect light to the base of the crop and the back side of the leaves, and also reflects light to the middle and upper parts of the stem and leaves and to the growth points (treetops) due to the untied 15.16. You can get .

That is, both the planar effect and the three-dimensional effect can be obtained over the entire period from the seedling stage to the harvest stage of strawberries, etc., and the repellent and pesticidal effect can be increased.

Furthermore, it does not get in the way during agricultural work, such as when collecting soil, and does not cause secondary work such as attracting runners, which is the case with strawberries, so it has a great advantage.

Depending on the type of crop, the effect can be obtained by simply tying it into a ribbon-like knot with both ends sticking out and attaching it to the main leaves of the crop, as shown in Figure 8.

The above method is a method configuration that can be used for short crops that grow up to about 50 to 60 cm above the ground.

Next, as a method for the seedling stage of each crop, for crops that grow in particular on the ground, such as watermelons and open-field melons, for crops with leaves that spread out in a radial pattern such as radish and turnips, or for crops where each leaf is small like vegetables, etc. As shown in Figure 9, stick pile 1
7 is placed close to the crop 18, and several reflective strings 11 are bundled and tied to the tip of this pole stake 17, making them flutter in the shape of a gohei.This method is highly effective. was completed.

In addition, during the experimental process, we newly discovered that using this method on potatoes, we can repel and control the ladybugs along with fixed-term aphids, and prevent them from being eaten.

The next method is to use a reflective string 11 as a support for crops 19 such as Kirari, tomatoes, and eggplants to lean on, as shown in FIG. 10, in in-house cultivation.

One end of the reflective string 11 is tied to the rhizome 20 of the crop 19, and the other end is tied to a wire 21 stretched over the top and pulled.

The remaining knots 22 and 23 are taken out and spread out so that they are each longer.

As a result, it was possible to increase the effect of repelling and controlling insects through reflection by serving as a support strut or support string.

For open-field cultivation of Kirari or tomatoes that are affected by headwinds, there is a method of supporting the crop 26 using pillars 24 and crossbars 25 made of bamboo materials, which have been used in the past, as shown in FIG. In some cases, the palm part 27 is tied with a reflective glittering string 11 and used as a string instead of a rope.In this case, the remaining ends of the knot are tied around the trunk and leaves of the crop 26 so that each end is long. In this way, it was possible to promote reflection on the front and back surfaces of the basal leaves and growth points of the upper and lower parts of the crop 26, and it was possible to obtain a great effect of repelling and controlling fixed-term aphids.

Furthermore, the 12th method is to make the work easier and more rational.
As shown in the figure, rods 28 may be erected on both the left and right sides, and ropes 29 having glittering strings 11 interposed between the stems may be strung on these rods.

According to the experimental results of the method configuration as described above, the present invention has an excellent planar effect like the mulching method, and also has an excellent three-dimensional effect like the tape spreading method, so it is effective against fixed-term aphids and other pests. On the other hand, the repellent and control effect continued throughout the cultivation period of the crops without decreasing, and the effect of preventing virus infection could be sufficiently ensured.

In addition, there is no need for troublesome secondary work due to installation, and there is no obstruction, and the installation method is simple, workability is good, and the material cost is low. The method and structure according to the present invention can be said to be truly practical and excellent technical techniques.

In addition, the string itself has irregularities formed by embossing, etc., and has a diffuse reflection function, which softens the sunlight reflected on the string and prevents extremely strong reflected rays from hitting the crops (protecting cultivated crops from sunburn). It is possible to obtain a healthy cultivation environment.

Furthermore, since the workers are not exposed to strong reflected light, they will not suffer from extreme sunburn or health problems such as eye damage.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 to 3 show the current method technology. Figure 1 is an explanatory diagram of the mulching method in the seedling stage, Figure 2 is an explanatory diagram of the mature stage, and Figure 3 is the spreading method using reflective tape. The explanatory diagram, FIG. 4, shows the standing sign method using reflective panels. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a reflective glitter string used in the present invention, and the drawings in FIGS. 6 to 11 are views showing embodiments of the method configuration according to the present invention. To explain these in terms of methods, Figure 6 shows the ring method in which reflective glitter strings are provided in a ring shape, and Figure 8 shows the ribbon method in which reflective glitter strings are tied directly to the trunk of the crop. This is an explanatory drawing, and Fig. 7 is a diagram of a method using a combination of the ring method shown in Fig. 6 and the ribbon method shown in Fig. 8. Fig. 9 shows a method using a combination of the ring method shown in Fig. 6 and the ribbon method shown in Fig. 8. Figure 10 is a diagram of the Gohei method installed in a gohei-like manner in a greenhouse facility, with reflective strings tied to each of the wires stretched overhead and the roots of the lower part of the crop stems. Figure 11 is a diagram of the post method used instead. Figure 11 shows the shibari-kumi method, in which the palms of the bamboo posts used in open field cultivation are used as ropes, and are attached to the trunk leaves and stretched out. It is a diagram. FIG. 12 shows another embodiment in which a rope with a glittering string is interposed and stretched. 13.18,19,26... Cultivated crops, 11.
...Reflective glitter string.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In plant cultivation, a ring-shaped installation centered around the base of the cultivation operation using a band-shaped edge with diffused reflection and brightness formed by embossing etc. for the purpose of repelling and controlling pests such as seasonal aphids, cucumber leaf beetles, and ladybird beetles. And, it uses a reflective bright band-shaped edge that extends close to the stem, stem, and leaves, or doubles as a tying string and a post hole to aim for a repellent/controlling effect, to prevent fixed-term aphids and other crop pests. How to prevent repellents.