JPS5843356B2 - Manufacturing method of multilayer cured body - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention allows the hydraulic binder to maintain appropriate fluidity and viscosity so that the breathing phenomenon and aggregate separation phenomenon occur in an appropriate state before hardening begins.
A layered state of two or more layers is created and cured to obtain a multilayered cured product.

Conventionally, in order to obtain a multilayer cured product, each layer has been molded and cured individually, and the layers have been bonded together using an adhesive, or a surface layer has been applied to a base layer.

However, in these methods, the process to obtain a multilayer cured product is complicated and the manufacturing cost is high, and even the obtained multilayer cured product is resistant to repeated drying and wetting or changes in temperature. It has the disadvantage of causing warping and peeling.

In the manufacturing process of cement paste, mortar, or concrete, increasing the fluidity causes breathing and aggregate separation, which significantly deteriorates the quality of the paste, mortar, and concrete, and care must be taken to prevent this phenomenon as much as possible. has been created.

The present invention obtains a multilayer hardened body by actively utilizing the breathing phenomenon and aggregate separation, which are considered to be harmful.

That is, the present invention adds water or/and a polymer emulsion to a hydraulic binder to maintain high fluidity and low viscosity, and utilizes the breathing phenomenon and aggregate separation phenomenon that occur before hardening begins. This is a method for producing a multilayer cured body, which is characterized by simultaneously creating two or more layers of cured bodies with different elasticities.

According to the present invention, as kneading water using a hydraulic binder,
By using a polymer emulsion or adding the polymer emulsion to the kneading water, it is possible to form a single layer of polymer in the upper layer and a layer mainly consisting of the hydraulic binding material in the lower layer.

In addition, by using aggregates with different specific gravity,
A light aggregate layer can be produced in the upper part and a heavier aggregate layer in the lower part.

Furthermore, by combining breathing and aggregate separation, a useful multi-layered hardened body can be easily obtained by one casting.

Traditionally, factory floors and building rooftops that require chemical resistance, impact resistance, and waterproofing have been coated with epoxy or urethane paints, asphalt-based methods, or bonded with polymer sheets. has been used.

These methods have the disadvantage that they require advanced technology for construction, lengthen the construction period, and increase costs.

Furthermore, peeling of the surface layer may occur.

The method of using polymer cement mortar has been widely used because of its good workability, but it cannot be said to have sufficient chemical resistance, impact resistance, and waterproofness.

According to the present invention, by breathing a polymer emulsion in kneading water, it is possible to easily obtain a hardened product consisting of multiple layers having a polymer film on the surface layer and polymer cement paste, mortar, or concrete in the lower layer. I can do it.

This cured product is chemical resistant, impact resistant, waterproof, has excellent adhesion to the lower layer, has high fluidity, and has good workability, making it possible to shorten the number of days required for construction.

By using Nanatsumer or Orikomer alone or in combination in the emulsion, breathing as described above, and then heating and curing, a layer with a plastic layer on the surface and mainly a hydraulic binder in the lower layer is produced. It is also possible to do so.

It is also possible to make interior and exterior materials using this material.

When a mixture of lightweight aggregate and commonly used aggregate is used as aggregate, by separating the aggregates, it is easy to create a hardened body consisting of multiple layers with lightweight aggregate in the upper layer and normally used aggregate in the lower layer. can be obtained.

This hardened material is created by the floating of lightweight aggregate on the surface layer.
It can be used as interior and exterior materials.

Furthermore, since the lower layer has a cement paste, mortar, or concrete layer made of ordinary aggregate, sufficient strength can be obtained even when lightweight aggregate is used.

Conventionally, in order to give concrete elasticity, urethane rubber was applied to the concrete surface, latex or elastic material with urethane rubber as a binder was applied to rubber chips, and rubber sheets or PVC plates were bonded together. Pasting methods using materials have been used.

These methods have the disadvantage that they require advanced technology, take a long time to complete, and are expensive.

Polymer cement mortar has been widely used to impart elasticity due to its ease of construction, but since the polymer emulsion is dispersed throughout, a large amount of polymer emulsion is used, resulting in high costs and the use of expensive polymers. There was a drawback that the elasticity of the emulsion could not be used effectively and sufficient elasticity could not be obtained.

According to the present invention, by using a polymer emulsion as the kneading water and using rubber chips as the aggregate, it is possible to easily produce a hardened product consisting of a multilayer having rubber chips and a polymer in the upper layer and a polymer cement paste in the lower layer. Obtainable.

This cured product has excellent elasticity, and since the lower layer is made of polymer cement paste, it has excellent adhesion.

By floating an expensive polymer emulsion on the surface layer, it has excellent elasticity even in a range where the polymer cement ratio is quite small, and the polymer emulsion can be used effectively.

Furthermore, it is also possible to change the elasticity and layer thickness of the upper layer by changing the amount of polymer latex or emulsion or the amount of rubber chips.

That is, water or a polymer emulsion is used as the kneading water, a hydraulic binder and aggregate, and if necessary, the mixing materials and admixtures described below are used for kneading under conditions that cause material separation, and during the initial curing process. The present invention relates to a method for producing cement paste, mortar, or concrete, which is characterized in that hardened bodies with different physical properties are obtained in an upper layer portion and a lower layer portion by utilizing the resulting breathing and separation of aggregates and mixed materials.

A detailed explanation of the present invention will be given below.

The material that can be used as the kneading water is water, a polymer emulsion, or a mixed solution thereof, and it is also possible to add an admixture to the kneading water if necessary.

Polymer emulsions include rubber emulsions (latex) and plastic emulsions.

The former latex includes natural rubber, neoprene, acrylonitrile-butadiene, methyl methacrylate-butadiene, styrene-butadiene, isoprene, etc., and the latter plastic emulsion includes acrylic ester, vinyl acetate, ethylene-vinyl acetate, Emulsions of vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, polyethylene, polybutene, and silicone resins are used.

It is also possible to use asphalt emulsions.

Also, reactive monomers can be used in place of the polymer emulsion.

That is, it is also possible to use an emulsion of monomers that are precursors of each of the above polymers.

When using these, an initiator or catalyst is used.

Furthermore, a catalyst can be added to the kneading water so that acrylate or a condensate of furfuryl alcohol, phenol formaldehyde, or urea-formalin can be crosslinked.

Incidentally, these are used by adding a surfactant to improve chemical stability and, if necessary, adding an antifoaming agent by a method known for polymer cement mortar.

Hydraulic binders include ordinary Portland cement, early strength Portland cement, medium heat Portland cement, ultra early strength Portland cement, sulfate resistant Portland cement, white Portland cement, super quick hardening cement, alumina cement, blast furnace cement, silica cement,
Fly ash cement, semi-aqueous layer cement, anhydrite cement, etc. can be used.

Aggregates used for ordinary concrete include
Heavy aggregates, lightweight aggregates, rubber chips, plastic chips, plastic foam, waste rubber, waste plastic chips, wood flour, lime powder, rice hulls, as well as mixed materials such as steel fiber, glass fiber, inorganic fibers such as asbestos, or polypropylene, etc. organic fibers can be used.

In particular, it is necessary to cause material separation by utilizing the difference in specific gravity of aggregates or mixed materials.

According to the present invention, kneading water is added to 100 parts by weight of cement, from 20 to 150 parts by weight, preferably from 40 to 100 parts by weight,
When a polymer emulsion is used as the kneading water, the polymer solid content ratio is 1 for 100 parts by weight of cement.
-100 parts by weight, preferably 5 to 50 parts by weight.

At this time, the fluidity of the mortar part is measured using J load according to the prestress concrete design and construction guidelines.

That is, mortar is placed in the J-funnel shown in FIG. 1, and its flowing time is measured.

The types and amounts of kneading water and aggregate are adjusted so that the flowing time is within 40 seconds, preferably within 20 seconds.

In addition, if aggregate such as rubber chips is used as aggregate, the J-funnel may become clogged with the aggregate. The types and amounts of kneading water and aggregate are adjusted so that the mixing time is within 15 seconds, preferably within 10 seconds.

When using polymer emulsion as kneading water,
If the polymer-cement ratio is too high, it is disadvantageous because the polymer emulsion is expensive, and if it is too low, a sufficient polymer layer cannot be expected in the surface layer.

Therefore, it is particularly preferable for the polymer emulsion to have a polymer solid content in the range of 5 to 50% based on the cement.

If the amount of aggregate is too large, the fluidity will deteriorate and extra mixing water will be required, and if the amount of mixing water is too large, the physical properties of the cement paste, mortar or concrete in the lower layer will deteriorate.

The amount of aggregate is O~5 for 100 parts by volume of cement.
00 parts by volume is preferred.

If an appropriate mixture is made within the above range and kneaded, the system immediately after kneading will be almost uniform, but if it is left stationary after pouring, freezing and aggregate separation will cause the upper layer to have a low specific gravity. A hardened body with a high specific gravity is formed in the lower layer.

It is also possible to form a film and color the surface by spraying polymer latex or emulsion before the surface layer hardens.

Furthermore, for items that do not fall within the above liquidity range,
Vibration can also be applied to force separation.

In particular, it is good to use this when the difference in specific gravity of the mixed materials is small.

The advantages of the present invention are listed below.As mentioned above, compared to conventional construction methods, mortar and concrete with a multi-layer structure can be easily produced, and workability is good.An elastic surface layer and a hard lower layer. However, because they are continuously bonded, the surface layer and lower layer adhere well, making it difficult for peeling to occur.
Furthermore, this mortar can be placed directly on top of the concrete slab, or
When concrete is poured, the lower layer is mainly made of cement paste, so it should adhere well to the concrete slab.
The mortar and concrete of the present invention have very good fluidity before hardening, so even when poured onto a concrete slab that is quite uneven, it is possible to easily obtain a horizontal surface just by performing appropriate compaction. In order to adjust the degree of slippage and abrasion, the surface roughness can be changed by adjusting the particle size of the aggregate on the surface. Although emulsions or latex are expensive, according to the present invention it is possible to obtain elasticity at a fairly low polymer-cement ratio, and recycled products from waste tires and waste plastics can be used as the elastic material, making it inexpensive. be economical;
It is also superior from the standpoint of actively utilizing waste.

The present invention can be used as an elastic material for tennis courts, playground floors, gymnasium floors, factory floors, and residential floors, and as a material with a polymer coating on the surface, it can be used for roofing. It can be used for waterproof materials and flooring materials.

Furthermore, it can be used for decorative panels, blocks, and roof tiles.

Example 1 400 g of chloroprene latex (Neoprene-950, manufactured by Showa Neoprene Co., Ltd., solid content 50%) was mixed with 6 g of an amphoteric surfactant (Enadicol CNS, manufactured by Lion Oil Co., Ltd.) and a nonionic surfactant (polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether). n = IO.

Stabilized with 1.6 g of silicone antifoaming agent (TSA7341, manufactured by Toshiba Silicone Co., Ltd.)
Add c.

Put this latex in a mixer, add 1000.9 g of ordinary Portland cement and 150 g of water, add 501' of waste tire rubber chips, and mix.
The height of the formwork is 5cIrL and the bottom is 15crIL x 1.
Pour into a 5crn square formwork with a height of 1α.

When the first mold is removed, the cured products are as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, with the upper layer being an elastic layer made of rubber chips and a polymer made from latex, and the lower layer being a polymer cement paste layer 2.

These cured bodies had good adhesion between the elastic layer 1 and the paste layer 2, and sufficient elasticity was obtained in the elastic layer.

Example 2 500 lI of Neoprene-950 is stabilized using an amphoteric, nonionic surfactant according to Example 1, and a silicone antifoaming agent is added.

Add 500g of ordinary Portland cement and 25m of
Add river sand tooog of rIL or less, mix it with a mixer, and make a square with a bottom surface of 15 crfL x 15 CIIL and a height of 1
Pour into crIl formwork.

When left to stand still, the breathing water containing latex gradually floats up, and after one day, when the mold is removed, the result is as shown in Figure 5.The surface layer becomes rubber (elastic) layer 1, the middle layer becomes polymer cement paste layer 2, and the lower layer is the polymer cement mortar layer 3.

In other words, it is mortar whose surface is covered with a rubber film, and can be used for floors that require waterproofness and impact resistance.

Example 3 432g of natural lightweight aggregate made of volcanic rubble, 800g of river sand
Put 800g of ordinary Portland cement into a mixer, add water 400.9 and a water-reducing agent (Mighty 150,
Add 8cc (manufactured by Kao Soap Co., Ltd.) and knead until the bottom surface is 15CI.
Pour into a square mold of rL x 15 crIL and 3 cIrL in height.

When the first hole is removed from the mold, the specimen is as shown in Figure 6, with the upper layer being a mortar layer 4 made of lightweight aggregate, the middle layer being a cement paste layer 5, and the lower layer being a cement mortar layer 6 made of river sand.
It becomes.

By selecting an appropriate combination of aggregates, it can be used as interior and exterior materials.

Example 4 River sand soo, y, ordinary portland cement 800g,
Water 344.9. Mighty 150.16cc and steel fiber (fiber length 25, made by Sumitomo Metals) were mixed in a mixer, and the bottom surface was 16αX4 (11771
Pour into a rectangular mold with a height of 4 cIrL.

When the first stitch is removed from the mold, the specimen is as shown in Figure 7, with the upper layer being a cement paste layer 5 and the lower layer being a cement mortar layer 6.
It is a layer in which steel fibers 7 are dispersed.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a J funnel, Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a modified J funnel, Figures 3~
7 is a sectional view of the multilayer cured body of the present invention. In the figure, 1... elastic layer, 2... polymer cement paste layer, 3... polymer cement mortar layer, 4...
Mortar layer made of lightweight aggregate, 5... Cement paste layer, 6... Cement mortar layer, 7... Steel fiber.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 By adding water or/and a polymer emulsion to a hydraulic binder to maintain high fluidity and low viscosity, and by utilizing the breathing phenomenon and aggregate separation phenomenon that occur before hardening begins, it is possible to create a material with different elasticity. A method for producing a multilayer cured product, characterized by simultaneously creating two or more layers of cured products.