JPS5843603B2 - Boosting device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a pressurizing device that pressurizes liquid in a cylinder by an input piston portion of an actuating body and extracts a pressure greater than the pressurizing force applied to the actuating body from an output piston.

Conventionally, in order to obtain a large pressurizing force, an air cylinder with a large diameter or a hydraulic cylinder has been used, but when using an air cylinder with a large diameter, the device becomes larger and There are drawbacks such as high air consumption and the need for a large near compressor, which increases equipment costs.Also, when using a hydraulic cylinder, the diameter of the hydraulic cylinder is small, but the hydraulic pressure generator is expensive and the piston The moving speed of the piston is slower than that of an air cylinder, and if the piston has a long stroke, it takes a long time to move.

That is, for example, when a movable body of a vise that clamps an article is moved by a cylinder, the movement of this movable body until it comes into contact with the article is performed with a small pressing force that is sufficient to cope with the sliding resistance of the movable body. However, the moving speed is required to be fast, and after the movable body contacts the article, the moving speed of the movable body may be small, but it is required to generate a large pressing force. In the above-mentioned air cylinder and hydraulic cylinder, the pressurizing force during the movement of the piston is always large, so the air cylinder consumes a large amount of air, and the hydraulic cylinder moves at a slow speed.

In the present invention, like the above-mentioned vise, a small pressing force is sufficient for the movement of the movable body until it comes into contact with the article, but it is desired that the movement speed be fast; For moving from the ground up, a small moving speed is sufficient, but a large pressing force is required, and a larger air cylinder or The object of this invention is to provide a pressure booster that can be manufactured inexpensively and compactly without the need for an expensive hydraulic pressure generator.

An embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a vice will be described below with reference to the drawings.

Reference numeral 1 designates a base having a rectangular mounting seat 1a, and one end of a substantially cylindrical outer cylinder 2 serving as a base body is hermetically fitted into a boss portion 1b protruding from the side surface of the base through an 01J ring 3. It is worn.

Reference numeral 4 denotes an actuating body in which a piston 6 (diameter d 2 ti) that slides airtightly on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 2 via an O-ring 5 is integrally provided at one end of a large-diameter shaft portion 4a (diameter 61 mπ). , a small diameter shaft portion 4b (diameter d) is attached to the other end of the large diameter shaft portion 4a.
3it) are integrally extended, and the step portion formed at the boundary between the large diameter shaft portion 4a and the small diameter shaft portion 4b is used as the input piston portion 7.

Reference numeral 8 denotes a substantially cylindrical cylinder, one end of which is slidably supported in a sealed manner around the outer periphery of the large-diameter shaft portion 4a via an O-ring 9.

10 is an output piston, and a substantially cylindrical auxiliary cylinder portion 11 (diameter d: 4 mm) is extended from one end of the output piston. The cylinder B is fluid-tight and slidably supported through the cylinder B, and is filled with oil A.

Reference numeral 13 denotes a through hole passing through the output piston 10, into which the tip of the small diameter shaft portion 4b of the actuating body 4 is inserted fluid-tightly and slidably through an O-ring 14, and is prevented from coming out by a stop ring 15. has been done.

Reference numeral 16 denotes an output shaft having an escape hole 16a at one end, which is fitted into a fitting hole 10a provided at the other end of the output piston 10, and is connected and fixed by pins 17, 17.

The output shaft 16 passes through a through hole 18 formed in the end plate 2a at the other end of the outer cylinder 2 via an 01J ring 19 in an airtight and slidable manner.

20 is an annular push plate inserted around the outer periphery of the large diameter shaft portion 4a;
A compression spring 21 is arranged between the push plate 20 and the input piston portion 7 so as to surround the large diameter shaft portion 4a, and the compression spring 21 causes the push plate 20 to come into contact with one end of the cylinder 8. , the cylinder 8 is always biased in the direction of arrow B.

Reference numeral 22 denotes an annular tapered surface formed around the outer periphery of one end of the cylinder 8 so that the diameter increases successively toward the other end. A plurality of balls 23 are arranged at predetermined intervals.

24 is an annular push plate inserted around the outer periphery of the small diameter portion 8a formed at one end of the cylinder 8; 25 is an annular push plate disposed between this push plate 24 and the push plate 20; Steel ball 23 through
The tapered surface 22, the steel ball 23, the push plate 24, and the compression spring 25 constitute a one-way clutch mechanism 26.

In the original position shown in FIG. 1 where the other end of the cylinder 8 is in contact with the end face of the output piston 10 by the urging force of the compression spring 21, the tip of the auxiliary cylinder part 11 is in contact with the steel ball 2.
The distal end of this auxiliary cylinder portion 11 serves as a release mechanism 27.

Then, the release mechanism 27 causes the steel ball 23 to move away from the arrow B.
In the state where the steel ball 23 is displaced in the direction, it is impossible for the steel ball 23 to bite between the tapered surface 22 and the inner periphery of the outer cylinder 2, and the one-way clutch 26 is in an inoperative state.

Reference numeral 28 denotes an oil supply cylinder having one end open to the piston 6, which communicates with the inside of the cylinder 8 via a check valve 29 and an oil feed hole 30.

31 is a piston that also serves as a lid for storing oil A in the oil supply cylinder 28 for replenishing the cylinder 8, and is disposed liquid-tightly and slidably inside the oil supply cylinder 28 via an O-ring 32. ing.

Reference numerals 33 and 34 are air vent holes provided to communicate with the oil supply cylinder 28 and the cylinder 8, and both of these holes are closed by screw-in plugs 36 via O-rings 35.

37 is a vent hole formed in the base 1 so as to communicate with the inside of the outer cylinder 2; 38 is a vent hole formed on the other end side of the outer cylinder 2 (this is also a vent hole formed so as to communicate with the inside of the outer cylinder 2); .

Reference numeral 39 denotes a vice machine frame to which the base 1 is fixed, in which a movable body 40 fixed to the tip of the output shaft 16 and a receiving part 39a formed at one end of the vice machine frame 39 face each other at a predetermined interval. The article C is placed between the movable body 40 and the receiving portion 39a.
It is designed to hold the

Note that 41 is a dust seal provided on the end plate 2a.

Next, the operation of this embodiment configured as above will be explained.

When air compressed by a near compressor (for example, 5 kg/crit) is supplied from the vent hole 36, the piston 6 (diameter d: 2 mm) is moved 0 in the direction of arrow B by the air pressure.

In this case, until the movable body 40 comes into contact with the article C, the output shaft 1
Since no load is applied to 6, the compression spring 21, the push plate 20,
Piston 6 via cylinder 8 and output piston 10
move together at high speed.

When the moving body 40 comes into contact with the article C and a load is applied to the output shaft 16, and its movement is restricted, the piston 6 moves in the direction of arrow B against the compression spring 21ζ, and the input piston portion 7 presses the oil A in the cylinder 8.

In this state, the movement of the output cylinder 0 in the direction of the arrow B is restrained by the article C, so that the reaction force causes the cylinder 8 to move in the opposite direction of the arrow B against the spring 21.

When the cylinder 8 is moved by a predetermined distance in the direction opposite to arrow B, the release mechanism 27 is relatively moved in the direction of arrow B, and the steel ball 23 is relatively moved in the direction of arrow B by the compression spring 25. As a result, the steel balls 23 can be wedged between the tapered surface 22 and the inner surface of the outer cylinder 2, and the one-way clutch mechanism 26 is activated (see FIG. 2).

When the one-way clutch mechanism 26 is activated in response to the reaction force of the output piston 10 in this way, the air pressure πd (=5 It acts on oil A inside.

Therefore, the area of the output piston 1 is smaller than the area of the input piston portion 7.
Since the area of the piston 0 is large, the pressing force applied to the oil A by the input piston portion 7 is increased in proportion to the area and acts on the output piston 10.

That is, when the air pressure is increased by dζ □ times I and 2-dX supplied to the ventilation hole 370 is 5 to 9/- as described above, mold generation
2 dζ Pressure force of 5×□× − on stone 10 4d7-d
The lid acts, and the article C is held between the receiving part 39a of the vice machine frame 39 and the movable body 40 by the pressure applied thereto.

Now, when the article C is to be removed from the vise machine frame 39, the air is exhausted from the ventilation hole 37 and compressed air from the near compressor is supplied to the ventilation hole 38.

Then, the pressing force acting on the piston 6 in the direction of arrow B disappears, and the spring force of the compression spring 21 causes the piston 6 and the input piston portion 7 to move in the opposite direction of arrow B relative to the output piston 10. , the cylinder 8 moves relative to the output piston 10 in the direction of arrow B.

Then, the steel ball 23 is released from the compression spring 25 by the release mechanism 27.
, the one-way clutch mechanism 26 is automatically released, and the air pressure O acting on the large diameter shaft portion 4a side of the piston 6 causes the piston to 6 is moved in the opposite direction of arrow B, and the output piston 10 and output shaft 16 are moved through the stop ring 15.
Then, the movable body 40 is returned in the opposite direction of arrow B.

Therefore, the oil A in the cylinder 8 is
4, the input piston part 7 moves back in the opposite direction of the arrow B relative to the output piston 10, and the cylinder 8 moves in the direction of the arrow B relative to the output piston 10. When moving back in direction B ζ
When the oil A in the cylinder 8 becomes negative pressure, the oil A flows into the oil supply cylinder 2 through the check valve 29 and the oil supply hole 30.
Oil A in cylinder 8 is supplied into cylinder 8.

By the way, conventionally, in order to obtain a large pressing force, it has been done to use an air cylinder with a large diameter or a hydraulic cylinder, but as mentioned above, when using an air cylinder with a large diameter, the equipment This has the disadvantage of increasing the size of the compressor, consuming a large amount of air, and requiring a large near compressor, which increases equipment costs.Also, when using a hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic pressure generator is expensive and the piston It has the disadvantage of slow movement speed.

However, in this embodiment, until the movable body 40 comes into contact with the article C, the input piston 4, the cylinder 8, and the output piston 1
0 and the output shaft 16 move together by the air pressure applied to the piston 6, the movement speed of the output shaft 16 is faster than that of a hydraulic cylinder, and when the moving body 40 comes into contact with the article C, the one-way clutch mechanism 26 reacts with the reaction force applied to the cylinder 8 from the output piston 10, and the cylinder 8 is locked against the outer cylinder 2 so that it cannot move.
The pressurizing force applied to the piston 6 is increased by the oil A in the cylinder 8 according to the area ratio of the input piston part 7 and the output piston 10 and acts on the output piston 10. Therefore, the diameter of the outer cylinder 2 can be changed from that of a conventional air cylinder. It is possible to hold the article C with a large holding force without increasing the diameter as in the case of using
It can be manufactured compactly, consumes little air, and can be driven by a small compressor, resulting in low equipment costs.

Then, the output shaft 16 can be adjusted without using an expensive hydraulic system.
It is possible to obtain the same pressing force as when using a hydraulic device.

Although the above embodiment has been described as being applied to a vise, various other applications such as a small press, a spot welding gun, etc. You may also use

In addition, the one-way clutch mechanism 26 can use a method using a cam other than the method using the steel balls 23.
Various formats can be applied.

As explained above, in the present invention, when the load is small, the output piston moves quickly, so even objects that have a long movement distance can be moved in a short time, and when the load becomes large, the output piston generates a large pressing force. The overall movement speed is fast, and the amount of air consumed is lower compared to those that use large air cylinders. Also, expensive equipment such as conventional hydraulic pressure generators is not required, and it can be manufactured in a small size. In addition, it is possible to reduce the overall equipment cost and provide a highly economical booster.

[BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS] The drawings show an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a vice, and FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view, and FIG. be. In the drawing, 2 is an outer cylinder (base body), 4 is an operating body, 6 is a piston, 7 is an input piston part, 8 is a cylinder, and 10
is the output piston, 16 is the output shaft, 21 is the compression spring, 22
is a tapered surface, 23 is a steel ball, 26 is a one-way clutch mechanism, 27 is a release mechanism, 39 is a vice machine frame, 40 is a moving body,
A is oil.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An actuating body 4 having a cylinder 8 that is reciprocatably provided on a base body, and an input piston portion 7 that is slidably provided on this cylinder 8 and pressurizes the liquid in the cylinder 8; An output piston 10 which is slidably provided on the cylinder 8 and has a larger pressure receiving area than the input piston part 7 so as to respond to the liquid pressurized by the input piston part 7; A pressurizing device comprising: a one-way clutch mechanism 26 that locks the cylinder 8 immovably relative to the base body in response to a reaction force applied thereto. 2. The boosting device according to claim 1, wherein the one-way clutch mechanism 26 has a release mechanism 27 that is activated when the output piston 10 is returned to the counteractuation direction. 3. The base body is constituted by a cylindrical outer cylinder 2, and the input piston portion 7 is driven by a piston 6I sliding inside this outer cylinder 2. The booster according to item 2.