JPS5843883B2 - electromagnet device - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention The present invention provides an iron core at the center of an excitation coil, a yoke is fixed to one end of the iron core, an armature is supported as a fulcrum on the iron core or the yoke, and the armature is The purpose of the oscillating electromagnet device is to provide an electromagnet device that operates stably in proportion to current and has high durability and reliability.

In particular, when applied as a valve, it has quick response and can be controlled remotely, making it extremely useful industrially.

Fig. 1 is a basic configuration diagram of a conventional example that is not a proportional electromagnet device but is considered to be structurally similar to the present invention, in which 101 is an iron core;
02 is an excitation coil, 103 is a yoke, 104 is an armature, 1
05 is an arm, 106 is a valve, 10γ is a valve seat, 108 is a body, 109 is a housing, 110 is a gasket, 1
11 is a spring.

In operation, by turning off a predetermined current to the excitation coil 102, the armature 104 is attracted to or released from the iron core 101, swinging, and opening/closing the valve 106 relative to the valve seat 107. , it was difficult to obtain proportional behavior.

The present invention aims to stably obtain proportional operation, whereas conventional electromagnetic devices operate in a so-called ON-OFF manner.

As a configuration for this purpose, the present invention includes an iron core provided with an excitation coil, a yoke that fixes the iron core, a return spring supported via a fulcrum at one end of the yoke, and an attractive force of the iron core. An armature operated by acting force is provided, and the suction surface of the iron core is inclined with respect to the circular arc tangent of the tip of the armature at the operation start position, and the direction of the inclination is such that the armature is made of iron. An inclined surface is provided in such a direction that the gap between the tip of the armature and the iron core magnetic pole surface gradually narrows when the armature rotates in the core attracting direction, and the inclined iron core magnetic pole surface and the tip of the armature A main operating gap is formed between the iron core and the armature, and the attractive force acting surface of the iron core or armature is made convex.

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

In Figures 2 and 3, 1 is an iron core with a notch A at one end, 2 is an excitation coil, and 3 is an L-shaped yoke with one end fixed to the iron core 1 and the other end shaped like a moon. , and is housed in a case 12.

Reference numeral 4 denotes an armature, which has a recess B in a part thereof and forms a fulcrum by engaging with the moon-shaped part of the yoke 3, and a valve 5 can be freely tilted through a valve fitting 6 in a part close to the iron core 1. and a spring hook 7 on the other end. Return spring 8. Spring force adjustment screw9. Natsu 10
It has a structure in which the spring force acting on the armature 4 can be adjusted, and the sealing material 11 is filled after adjustment.

13 and 14 are stoppers made of non-magnetic material.

The notch A of the iron core 1 is inclined so that when the armature 4 rotates in the direction in which the iron core 1 is attracted, the gap between the magnetic pole face C of the armature and the iron core magnetic pole face gradually narrows. It is important to be present.

Further, the magnetic pole surface C of the armature is formed in an arcuate convex shape as shown in FIG. 2, which is a plan view when viewed from the axial direction of the iron core 1.

Next, the operation will be explained.

The state shown in FIG. 3 is when the excitation coil 2 is not energized, and the valve 5 is pressed against the valve seat indicated by the phantom line by the initial load of the return spring 8.

As the current of the excitation coil 2 is gradually increased, the magnetic attraction force is also gradually increased, and the valve 5 eventually rises above the valve seat.

Then, until the tip of the armature 4 comes into contact with the stop 14, the magnetic attraction force due to the current of the excitation coil 2 and the force of the return spring 8 are anastomosed and operate proportionally and continuously, so to speak, the valve 5 operates proportionally and continuously. change the opening degree of the valve seat.

The same applies when reducing the current, and of course the opening degree of the valve can also be maintained at an arbitrary position.

The most important point that made this proportional operation possible is that a notch A is formed in the magnetic pole part of the iron core 1, which is slightly inclined with respect to the armature 4, and the tip of the armature 4 is approximately located in the notch A. The reason is that it works inside the .

In other words, when the armature 4 rotates in the direction that the iron core 1 attracts, the iron core magnetic pole face is inclined so that the air gap with the armature magnetic pole face C gradually narrows, and this inclined magnetic pole of the iron core 1 is provided. Since the main operating gap is formed between the face and the magnetic pole surface of the armature, even if the rotational position of the armature 4, that is, the valve stroke, is changed while the current of the exciting coil 2 remains constant, This is because the component force of the attractive force acting on the armature 4 as rotational torque can maintain an approximately constant rotational torque.

This is because when the armature 4 rotates in the direction in which it is attracted to the iron core 1, the air gap between the two magnetic poles of the iron core 1 and the armature 4 becomes smaller little by little, the magnetic resistance decreases, and the attractive force between the two magnetic poles is reduced by the air gap. However, since the magnetic pole face of one iron core is inclined, even if the force perpendicular to the magnetic pole face increases,
The ratio contributing to the torque that attempts to rotate the armature 4 gradually decreases, and as a result, it is possible to create a configuration in which the rotational force that attempts to rotate the armature 4 does not change much with respect to the displacement of the valve stroke. It is what it is.

Furthermore, since the armature magnetic pole portion C is formed in an arcuate convex shape when viewed from the axial direction of the iron core 1, that is, when viewed from the top view of FIG. , it acts to stabilize at the position where the gap between the convex tip of the armature 4 and the iron core 1 is the smallest, that is, at the center,
The wear of the moon-shaped edge of the yoke 3 and the ■groove of the armature 4 also becomes irregular, and durability and reliability are improved and stable characteristics are obtained.

FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the disadvantages if both the magnetic pole surfaces of the armature 4 and the iron core 1 are configured as flat surfaces. This is what is shown.

If both the magnetic pole parts of the iron core 1 and the armature 4 are flat as shown in Fig. 6, the gap t will be reduced due to dimensional errors and assembly errors of the parts.
and the gap t' are not the same, and if either is narrower, the force that tends to cause the armature 4 to wobble laterally will increase, and the wear of the moon-shaped edge of the yoke 3 and the ■ groove of the armature 4 will be irregularly uneven. , there is an inconvenience that the engagement portion between the armature 4 and the yoke 3 may come off.

FIG. 4 shows static attraction force characteristics of the conventional open/close solenoid valve shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 shows static attraction force characteristics of an embodiment of the present invention.

In the characteristic diagram of the conventional example shown in Fig. 4, the solid line ■112+I3
indicates the static attraction force characteristics at each current (II < I2 < i3), and the broken line indicates the relationship between the stroke of the spring 111 and the force.

Point Sc on the horizontal axis is the valve closed IJ = position, point So is the valve fully open position,
Point Pc on the vertical axis is the spring force at point Sc on the horizontal axis, that is, the valve closing 1h force.

In conventional open/close solenoid valves, the current (3), which always produces a magnetic attraction force greater than the force of the spring 111, is turned off.
Considering the operation when the current gradually increases from 1 to 1, the valve is static below the current (2) which provides an attractive force equal to the valve-closing gravity Pc of the spring 111, but from (1) the valve starts to float.

However, when the current is increased a little further to (2), the anastomosis point with the spring 111 is lost, and (2) the valve instantly moves to the fully open position So at a current that is even lower than (2).

FIG. 5 is a characteristic diagram of one embodiment of the present invention, and the symbol in the figure is the fourth
Same as the figure.

As is clear from the figure, the attraction force characteristics in Figure 5 are extremely flat compared to those in Figure 4, and over the entire stroke from current 1 which obtains the same attraction force as the valve closing d-force Pc to current 12 which fully opens the valve. It can be seen that the current is balanced with the force of the spring at ■1 (It≦■1≦I2).

The reason why this attractive force characteristic becomes flat or downward to the left has been explained in conjunction with the explanation of the operation of the embodiment of the present invention, but the relationship between the iron core 1, the armature 4, and the attractive force is simply modeled. This will be explained once again using FIG. 11.

The armature 4 at the operation start position is drawn with a solid line.

In this state, when the coil current ■1 is energized, which generates an attractive force Fo in the direction perpendicular to the inclined iron core magnetic pole surface, the armature 4
The component of force that tries to rotate around fulcrum B is f.

becomes.

In other words, this f. is the attraction force on the vertical axis of the graph in FIG.

When the armature 4 is at the position shown by the two-dot chain line at the same coil current ■, the iron core magnetic pole surface and the tip C of the armature 4
The air gap between the magnetic poles, that is, the magnetic gap between each attraction surface becomes shorter, and the attraction force in the direction perpendicular to the magnetic pole surface becomes Fl.
Said F.

becomes larger than

However, the component force f1 in the direction of rotating the armature 4 is equal to the above-mentioned f.

almost the same or slightly smaller.

This is because the armature 4 moves in an arc around the fulcrum B, and as the tip C moves on the line R, the armature 4 approaches the direction perpendicular to the iron core magnetic pole face. be.

To make it easier to understand, the position of the armature 4 indicated by a broken line, that is, the rotating position perpendicular to the magnetic pole surface, will be explained. Since the magnetic gap between the magnetic pole surface A and the tip B is the smallest,
The attractive force F2 in the direction perpendicular to the magnetic pole surface is maximum.

However, at this time, the component force in the direction of rotating the armature 4 disappears.

In actual use, a stopper 14 is provided as shown in FIG. 3 to restrict the operating range before reaching this position.

7, 8, 9, and 10 show other embodiments of the present invention, in particular only the iron core 1, armature 4, and stopper 14 are shown in perspective views, and other components are omitted. be.

In Fig. 7, the magnetic pole surface of the armature 4 is formed into a chevron-shaped convex shape, which has the same effect as the arc-shaped convex shape shown in Fig. 2, and has the effect of preventing sideways wobbling of the armature 4. 1. Prevents wear.
．． This makes it possible to create a highly durable and reliable electromagnetic device that operates stably for a long period of time.

Similarly, Fig. 8 shows the magnetic pole surface of the iron core 1 having a circular convex shape, and Fig. 9 shows the magnetic pole face of the iron core 1 having a chevron-shaped convex shape. is obtained.

In FIG. 10, both the magnetic pole surface of the iron core 1 and the magnetic pole surface of the armature 4 are formed in a circular convex shape, and the same effect can be obtained with this configuration.

Furthermore, the electromagnet device of the present invention has
The armature 4 is capable of smooth and stable proportional movement with a relatively large stroke, and a valve 5 is loosely attached to the armature 4 via a valve fitting 6, so that the movement of the armature 4 causes the valve 5 to move smoothly and stably. For example, if the present invention is applied to a valve, it can be installed in the gas supply path to the burner of a gas instantaneous hot water heater.If the water temperature is detected and controlled with a thermistor, load fluctuations can be prevented. Hot water at a constant temperature can be obtained regardless of the temperature.

It is also possible to change the temperature far away from the heat source, which was not possible with conventional liquid expansion type proportional valves.

Additionally, it is possible to eliminate the ignition and extinguishing noises caused by temperature control using conventional open/close solenoid valves.

As described above, according to the present invention, an iron core including an excitation coil, a yoke, a yoke supported at one end of the yoke via a fulcrum, and the action of the return spring and the attraction force of the iron core. The armature is provided with an armature that operates at an angle, and the armature has a bow-sucking surface of the iron core that is inclined with respect to a tangent to the rotational arc of the tip of the armature at the operation start position, and the direction of the inclination is such that the armature is made of iron. An inclined surface is provided in such a direction that the gap between the tip of the armature and the iron core magnetic pole surface narrows little by little when the armature rotates in the attraction direction of the core, and the inclined iron core magnetic pole surface and the tip of the armature In addition to forming a main operating gap between the iron core and the armature, the suction surface of the iron core or the armature is configured to have a convex shape, so that a nearly flat armature rotational force is maintained against displacement of the armature. This not only provides attractive force characteristics and smooth proportional operation over a large stroke range, but also provides high durability and reliability that allows stable operation over a long period of time without sideways wobbling of the armature.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a conventional open/close type solenoid valve, Fig. 2 is a plan view of an electromagnet device showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 3 is a sectional view, and Fig. 4 is a static attraction force characteristic of the conventional example. 5 is a static attraction force characteristic diagram of the present invention, FIG. 6 is a plan view illustrating a generally conceivable inconvenient facing state of the iron core and armature of the present invention, FIGS. 7, 8, and 9. 10 and 10 are perspective views of an iron core and an armature according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating the effect of the attractive force of the present invention. 1... Iron core, 2... Excitation coil, 4...
... Armature, 5 ... Valve, 8 ...
Return spring, C...Magnetic pole surface of armature, D...
...Slanted magnetic pole surface.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An iron core equipped with an excitation coil, a yoke that fixes the iron core, and an armature that is supported at one end of the yoke via a fulcrum and operates by the action of the return spring and the attractive force of the iron core. established,
The suction action surface of the iron core is inclined with respect to the circular arc tangent of the rotational movement of the tip of the armature at the operation start position, and the direction of the inclination is when the armature rotates in the suction direction of the iron core,
An inclined surface is provided in a direction in which a gap between the tip of the armature and the iron core magnetic pole surface gradually narrows, and a main operating gap is formed between the inclined iron core magnetic pole surface and the tip of the armature. In addition, an electromagnet device in which an attractive force acting surface of the iron core or armature is configured to have a convex shape.