JPS5844792B2 - Dyeing method for ester fiber materials - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for dyeing ester-based fiber materials with disperse dyes, and more specifically, a method for dyeing ester-based fiber materials with a disperse dye, and more specifically, a method for dyeing ester-based fiber materials using continuous dyeing methods such as atmospheric superheated steam (hereinafter referred to as HT method) and dry heat thermosol method.
This invention also relates to a method for dyeing ester-based fiber materials that can produce uniform and durable dyed products with a high dyeing rate.

In the present invention, the ester-based fiber material is mainly composed of a fiber material having ester bonds in its molecules and other fiber materials, and refers to a fibrous material containing 20% by weight or more of the ester-based fiber material.

In addition, the disperse dye in the present invention refers to a nonionic dye that is insoluble in water itself and does not exhibit ionic properties such as anionic or cationic properties in water, and is mixed with a dispersing agent or a solubilizing agent, giving an appearance of A general term for nonionic dyes that cannot have ionic properties themselves, even if they are commercially available in the form of dispersion or dissolution in water.

Conventionally, after attaching disperse dye to ester fiber material,
The dyeing method that fixes and develops color through heat treatment has been carried out by the so-called batch method, in which the dye is attached, dried, and then steamed using high-pressure steam, but dyeing efficiency has improved in recent years. In order to achieve this, continuous processing methods such as the HT method and the dry heat thermosol method are being used instead of the batch method of high-pressure steaming.

However, in the HT method and dry heat thermosol method,
Compared to the conventional high-pressure steaming process performed in batches,
There are problems in that it is difficult to obtain a high dyeing rate and level dyeing.

For this purpose, various studies have been carried out on both dyeing equipment and dyeing enhancers, and dyeing enhancers for disperse dyes include higher alcohols, fatty acids, hydrocarbons, nonionic activators with low HLB, etc. General hydrophobic substances, esterified products such as polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, urea, etc. are known.

It is true that staining in the presence of these compounds can have some effect, but it cannot be said to be sufficient.

For example, when a general hydrophobic substance is used, an effect of improving dyeing can be obtained, but aggregation with the dye tends to occur, and therefore, the specks of the dyed product tend to be noticeable.

In addition, fatty acid polyalkylene glycol esters such as polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters can be expected to have a considerable dyeing enhancement effect, but they generally cause strong scratches and speckling with the dye, making it difficult to control during the continuous dyeing process and making them difficult to put into practical use. It is difficult to offer.

Non-ionic surfactants such as polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether and polyoxyalkylene alkylaryl ether generally provide uniformity, but their dyeing enhancement effect is small, and the disadvantage is that the sharpness of the color pattern is poor in the case of patterned items. It is.

In view of the above circumstances, the present inventors have arrived at the present invention as a result of intensive research.When dyeing ester-based fiber materials using disperse dyes, the present inventors have developed a method for dyeing ester-based fiber materials by reacting sorbitol or sorbitan with fatty acids. 50 to 200% by weight based on the total amount of sorbitol or sorbitan and fatty acids
A disperse dye is attached to the fiber material in the presence of one or more reaction products (hereinafter simply referred to as polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, etc.) obtained by reacting ethylene oxide, and then fixed and fixed by heat treatment.
This is a method for dyeing ester-based fiber materials characterized by color development.

That is, in the present invention, by dyeing with polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester or the like in which the number of added moles of ethylene oxide is adjusted, a well-balanced effect can be obtained as a whole.

The polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters used in the method of the present invention can be easily synthesized by conventionally known methods, and are mainly composed of polyoxyethylene sorbitol fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, and polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters. It is a mixture.

Polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester is an ester similar to the polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester mentioned above, but by adjusting the chain length of polyoxyethylene, a good dyeing enhancement effect can be obtained, and it can be used to prevent scratches and dispersion. It differs from the latter in that it is a highly sharp dyeing enhancer that hardly forms specks with dyes.

Hydroxy compounds having surface activity are generally characterized by poor sharpness, but polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters and the like used in the present invention can have high sharpness by adjusting the polyoxyethylene chain.

This is presumed to be due to chemical structural characteristics.

The polyoxyethylene chain length of the polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester used in the present invention is 50 to 200% by weight based on the total amount of sorbitol or sorbitan and fatty acid charged after dehydration esterification of sorbitol or sorbitan and fatty acid. It has a polyoxyethylene chain obtained by addition reaction of ethylene oxide, and a particularly preferable range is 80 to 140 □ by weight.

Even with short polyoxyethylene chains added in an amount of 50% by weight or less, it is possible to obtain dyed products with a good dyeing enhancement effect and high sharpness, but the formation of scratch stains and specks with the dye is strong, and it is difficult to level dyed products. difficult to obtain.

On the other hand, if the added amount is 200% by weight or more and has long polyoxyethylene chains, it is possible to obtain a dyed product with good level dyeing properties and a small degree of scratching and speckling with the dye.
The dyeing enhancement effect is low and the sharpness is poor.

The fatty acids used for esterification include acetic acid, butyric acid, propionic acid, cyanobic acid, caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, pelargonic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, behenic acid, and linoleic acid. Among these, fatty acids having 12 or more carbon atoms are particularly preferred.

The solubility of polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters in water varies depending on the type of fatty acid used, but
It is preferable to adjust the solubility Q and mixture by adding a solvent, other surfactants, adhesives, additives, etc.

In this case, it is important to take care that the dyeability is not inhibited by the additive.

Typical disperse dyes used in the method of the present invention include azo, quinone, methine, azomethine, triazine, triphenylmethane, and azine, but other types of disperse dyes are also available. Needless to say, it can be used in the same way.

In the dyeing method of the present invention, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, etc. is pretreated with a system containing a dye (although it is common to use this in addition to a dye), and then a disperse dye is pretreated with only polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, etc. It may also be carried out by a method of adhesion.

Systems containing dyes include, in addition to dyes, thickeners, coloring agents,
Colorants, pad baths, etc. that contain PH adjusters, reduction inhibitors, dye solubilizers, emulsifiers, penetrants, antifoaming agents, metal sequestering agents, etc.
Coating liquid, spray liquid, etc.

The viscosity of these color pastes, pad baths, etc. is determined by the type and amount of thickener added, depending on the form of the fibers to be dyed and the type of dye.

Usually, the thickeners are locust bean gum type, guwa bean gum type, shiratsu gum type, etherified starch type,
A 5 to 50% aqueous solution of C, M, C-based, sodium alginate-based glues, synthetic glues such as maleic acid-vinyl acetate copolymer-based glues, and mineral oil emulsion glues is prepared as a base glue, and colored glue is prepared. It can be used alone or in combination at 0 to 80% by weight in baths and pad baths.

In the dyeing method of the present invention, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, etc.
For pad baths, the amount is preferably 1 to 10% by weight, and for spray liquids, coating liquids, etc., it is preferably used in the range of 1 to 10% by weight.

Even if you use more than the necessary amount, it is difficult to expect any associated effects.

In the dyeing method of the present invention, there are methods such as printing, padding, dipping, coating, and spraying to attach the dye-containing system to the ester fiber material.
When it is applied, it is necessary to apply it uniformly (or in accordance with the intended purpose).

Also, after attaching the dye, the fiber material is once dried,
Although it is common to fix and develop color after a certain time, this dyeing method does not necessarily require a drying step.

Fixation and color development methods in the dyeing method of the present invention include:
Steaming method using normal pressure superheated steam at 160-180℃ for 2-10 minutes or hot air at 180-220℃ for 20-20 minutes
Thermosol dry heat method for 200 seconds is a typical method, but other methods include relative humidity O ~ 100% R, H, temperature 70%
Any heat treatment method within the range of ~220°C is possible.

Reduction cleaning after dyeing is carried out in the usual manner.

Examples show that a rich, uniform, and durable dyed product can be obtained by the dyeing method of the present invention, which uses polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester with adjusted polyoxyethylene chains and fixes and develops color through heat treatment. It will be explained in more detail.

Synthesis of polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, etc.

Synthesis Example 1 70% industrial sorbitol 2601 (1 mol) and industrial lauric acid 300 (1 mol) were placed in a four-eye flask equipped with a temperature variable meter, a stirring device, a heating device, a nitrogen gas inlet pipe, and a condenser with a cooling water circulation device. molar) and flake caustic strength I
Charge J 0.5 f and introduce nitrogen gas to 180
The dehydration reaction was carried out at a temperature of ~230°C for 10 hours, and the acid value (KOH
(2) Obtain viscous oil 4451 at 7 and 30°C.

Next, 1.31% of flaked caustic potassium was added to this viscous oil, and ethylene oxide 3872 (80% by weight based on the total amount of anhydrous sorbitol and lauric acid) was added under a pressure of 2 to 5 Ky/d in a nitrogen atmosphere. ) from 140 to 160
C. for 2 hours to obtain a pale yellow oil.

This substance dissolves transparently in water.

Synthesis Examples 2 to 6 Using the raw materials listed in Table 1, the same procedure as in Synthesis Example 1 was used to obtain the compounds of Synthesis Examples 2 to 6.

Examples A colored paste having the following composition was prepared using the compounds obtained in each synthesis example, and was printed, dried, and heat treated under the following conditions to determine the dyeing enhancement effect, dye cohesiveness, and sharpness of the pattern. The dyeing properties, level dyeing properties, permeability, and scratch stains were observed.

A. Printing method of ester fiber material Textile material: 100% polyester processed yarn fabric (suede) Original glue: Locust bean gum based glue 10% by weight aqueous solution reduction cleaning; Hydrosulfide conc 1y/l-soda ash 12/ and Neoscore PRA-6C (manufactured by Toho Chemical Co., Ltd.) Using a solution consisting of 0.5 f/l, treatment B at 70°C for 20 minutes at a bath ratio of 1:40, measurement method (1) Dyeing enhancer: from reflectance/ When determining S and not using a dyeing enhancer, p
It was set as 100, and when used, it was used as the dyeing enhancement dust.

(2) Dye cohesiveness After the colored paste was prepared, the dye cohesiveness was observed under a 70x microscope and rated into five grades.

◎ ; Very good (no additives) ○ : Good △ ; Fairly bad × ; Fairly bad ××; Very bad (3) Scratch stains; Dry rubbing was performed on the dried cloth after printing using a single vibration type friction fastness tester. It was measured and evaluated in 5 stages as in (2).

(4) Sharpness and permeability of the handle: This was evaluated in 5 grades (as in (2)) based on the outline of the thin lines of the handle and the degree of dye arrival on the back side.

(5) Level dyeing property: Judgment was made from the condition of specks printed using the 2-fold water dilution of the color paste and the density unevenness, and evaluated on a 5-level scale in the same way as in (2).

C result The measurement results are shown in Table 2.

Comparative amount 1 Comparative amount 2 Comparative amount 3 Comparative amount 4; 30% by weight of ethylene oxide added to the reaction product of sorbitan and oleic acid of Synthesis Example 3; Reaction product of sorbitan and oleic acid of Synthesis Example 3 Dioleic acid ester of polyethylene glycol (average molecular weight 400); Comparative amount of 2 mole adduct of nonylphenol oxide ethylene; Comparative amount 5 of 10 mole adduct of stearyl alcohol oxide; Glycerin oxidation Monooleyl ester of 12 moles of ethylene adduct From the results in Table 2, it is clear that the dyed products obtained by the method of the present invention have comprehensive problems such as dye-adhering dust, dye agglomeration, scratch stains, sharpness, permeability, and leveling properties. It is proven that the quality is excellent.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. When dyeing ester fiber materials with disperse dyes,
In the presence of one or more reaction products obtained by reacting sorbitol or sorbitan with fatty acids and then reacting 50 to 200% by weight of ethylene oxide based on the total amount of sorbitol or sorbitan and fatty acids, Disperse dye is attached to the fiber material, and then heat treatment O
A method for dyeing ester-based fiber materials, which is characterized by developing a more fixed color. 2. Claim 1 that uses a reaction product obtained by reacting sorbitol or sorbitan with a fatty acid and then reacting 80 to 140% by weight of ethylene oxide based on the total amount of sorbitol or sorbitan and fatty acid. The method for dyeing the described ester-based fiber material.