JPS584562B2 - Stacked mass transfer device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a stacked mass transfer device for transferring a substance in a fluid from one fluid to another.

This type of mass transfer device has conventionally been widely used as an artificial lung or an artificial kidney device.

For example, there is a bubble-type artificial lung that has traditionally been used as an artificial lung for heart surgery, etc., but this type has negative effects on living organisms such as destruction and metamorphosis of blood components, and has a limited usage time. There are many problems, and many membrane oxygenators have been proposed to improve this problem.

However, conventional membrane oxygenators are inferior to bubble oxygenators in terms of performance such as gas exchange efficiency, and their structural defects cause so-called shunting (shunting), especially at high blood flow rates.
unting or channeling
ing), etc., resulting in problems such as decreased performance or increased pressure.

Other conventional membrane oxygenators are also known, with a structure in which a blood introduction channel is provided by penetrating the diffusion membrane.
This kind of structure has problems such as damage and leakage of the diffusion film at the penetration part.

This invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has good mass transfer efficiency in a fluid, which prevents damage to the diffusion membrane or porous membrane.
The present invention relates to a stacked mass transfer device that is free from leakage and is easy to assemble.

That is, the present invention moves a substance in a first fluid into a second fluid, or transfers a substance in the second fluid to a first fluid.
A device for moving a plurality of first fluid passage layers and a plurality of second fluid passage layers into a fluid, comprising: a laminate body in which a plurality of first fluid passage layers and a plurality of second fluid passage layers are alternately stacked one after another, and both main surfaces of this laminate body are airtightly covered. a cover member provided on the outer surface of the laminate, an inlet port and an outlet port provided on the outer surface of the laminate and in communication with the first fluid passage layer; the first fluid-passing layer comprises an inlet port and an outlet port, and a retaining means for retaining the laminate at its periphery and keeping the periphery of each layer airtight;
a surface unevenness that communicates with a fluid inlet port and an outlet port of the first fluid and forms a passage for the first fluid; and a smooth plate-like body that is connected to a pair of opposite sides of the uneven surface and blocks the passage of the gas. and the entirety of both ends of the surface unevenness between the smooth plate-like bodies are formed as a first fluid inlet and outlet without the intervening surface unevenness; the second fluid passage layer is formed in the frame body. and a pair of diffusion membranes or porous membranes attached to both main surfaces thereof, connected to a pair of opposite sides of the frame inside the frame, and connected to the other pair of opposite sides within the entirety thereof. The surface unevenness portions are spaced apart from each other and provided with a space between them, and the spaces where these surface unevenness portions are not interposed are respectively called second
The frame is formed as an inlet and an outlet for the fluid, and furthermore, an introduction hole for introducing the second fluid from the second fluid inlet port into the frame is formed on one side of the frame that communicates with the space. A stacked mass transfer device characterized in that the stacked mass transfer device is provided with a discharge port for discharging a second fluid from the frame body to the second fluid outlet port on the other side thereof. This is what we provide.

Hereinafter, a case where the present invention is applied to an oxygenator will be explained.

FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show a side view and a plan view, respectively, of the entire main part of an oxygenator according to the present invention, and show a laminate 1 in which a blood passage layer and an oxygen or oxygen mixed gas passage layer are alternately laminated. A pair of plates 2,
It is composed of a plurality of fastening members 4 held via 3.

5 is an oxygen inlet port, and 6 is an oxygen outlet port, each of which communicates with the oxygen flow path in the stacked body 1.

7 is a blood inlet port, and 8 is a blood outlet port, each of which communicates with the blood passage in the laminate 1.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the laminate 1 is made by alternately stacking a large number of blood circulation sheets 9 and oxygen circulation frames 10, for example, 20 to 30 sheets, each forming a blood passage layer. Cover members 11 and 12 are airtightly laminated on both main surfaces of the circulation sheet 9 so that both the upper and lower sides are on the outside in the figure.

As shown in FIG. 5, the blood circulation sheet 9 is provided with a mesh portion 13, a smooth plate-like portion 14 surrounding the mesh portion 13, and a mesh portion 13 and a smooth plate-like portion 14 provided facing each other between the mesh portion 13 and the plate-like portion 14. It consists of a blood introduction hole 15 and a blood discharge hole 16.

The mesh portion 13 serves as a blood flow path for passing blood from the blood introduction hole 15 to the blood discharge hole 16, and is famous for causing turbulence in the blood.

For example, this mesh portion 13 has a wire diameter of 0.3 mm and has a wire diameter of about 20 mm.
It is made of mesh and is preferably oriented at an angle of about 45° to the blood flow.

The plate-like part 14 has a plate-like shape that is equal to or slightly thicker than the mesh part 13, and the mesh of the mesh part 13 is sealed with a synthetic resin or other sealant, or it is integrated with the mesh part 13 in advance. It is made by molding.

The blood introduction hole 11 and the discharge hole 16 communicate with the above-mentioned blood inlet port 7 and blood outlet port 8, respectively, and allow blood to pass therethrough while being dispersed in the width direction of the mesh portion 13.
Preferably, the hole is formed in the shape of an enlarged chevron at the center.

Note that the mesh portion 13 may be omitted depending on the case and may be simply formed as a cavity.

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the oxygen flow frame 10 has an oxygen flow space or an oxygen flow path (oxygen mixed gas flow path) inside.
17, and has a cavity ratio of 20 to 50%' and a thickness of 25 μm on both main surfaces so as to seal the oxygen flow path 17.
A porous gas exchange membrane 18 made of polypropylene is attached.

The frame portion 19 of the oxygen circulation frame 10 is provided with an oxygen introduction hole 20 that communicates with the oxygen flow path 17 from one side thereof, and also communicates with the oxygen flow path 17 in the diagonal direction. An oxygen exhaust hole 21 is provided.

A blood introduction hole 22 and a blood discharge hole 23 are bored in a pair of opposing edges of the frame portion 19.

These blood introduction holes 22 and blood discharge holes 23 are made in substantially the same shape as the blood introduction holes 15 and blood discharge holes 16 provided in the above-mentioned blood circulation sheet 9, respectively, and match exactly when stacked with the blood circulation sheet 9. It is arranged so that

In order to uniformly disperse the oxygen flow inside the oxygen flow path 17, it is preferable that meshes 24a, 24b,
24c may be inserted so that the thickness thereof is approximately equal to that of the frame portion 19, or more preferably, a mesh or a similar shaped material may be integrally molded with the frame portion 19 in advance.

Note that when a mesh or the like is interposed in the oxygen flow path 17 in this way, there is a space 2526 on the extension line of the oxygen introduction hole 20 and the oxygen outlet 21 where there is no mesh or the like.
It is preferable that the introduced oxygen flow through the oxygen flow path 17 as uniformly as possible.

Blood circulation sheet 9 and oxygen circulation frame 10 having such structure
When a predetermined number of the cover members 11 and 12 are alternately stacked and brought into close contact with each other, and the cover members 11 and 12 are brought into close contact with each other on both outside sides, as shown in FIG. A blood introduction path 29 and a blood discharge path 30 are formed from 28 in the thickness direction of the laminate 1, and the blood introduced into the laminate 1 passes through the blood introduction path 29 to the mesh portion of each blood circulation sheet 9. 13, passes through the mesh portion 13, is sent to the blood discharge path 30, and is discharged from the blood discharge port 28.

Further, oxygen introduced from the oxygen inlet port 5 flows into the space 25 through the oxygen introduction hole 20 provided on the side surface of each oxygen distribution rod 10, passes through the mesh portions 24a, 24b, and 24c, and flows into the space 26. , is exhausted from the oxygen exhaust hole 21 via the oxygen exhaust space 26.

As explained above, according to the present invention, one of the fluid passing layers (for example, oxygen passing layer) is formed in the shape of a frame body with diffusion membranes or porous membranes attached to both main surfaces, and fluid is introduced into the side surface of the frame body. Since a discharge port is provided, there is no need to penetrate the diffusion membrane or porous membrane with a blood introduction or discharge passage, and there is no risk of damage or leakage of the diffusion membrane or porous membrane.

Further, as the other fluid passage layer (for example, a blood passage layer), smooth plate-like bodies are provided on both sides of the surface unevenness forming the fluid passage to block the passage of the fluid, and the width of the surface unevenness between the smooth plate-like bodies is Since the entire structure constitutes a blood inlet and an outlet, the blood flow is made uniform, and shunting or channeling, which occurs in conventional membrane-type diffusion devices, can be prevented. Since the fluid flows uniformly according to the thickness of the surface irregularities, the efficiency of mass transfer in the fluid can be significantly improved.

In the above embodiment, the blood introduction hole 1 is provided in the blood circulation sheet 9.
5. A ship has been described in which a blood discharge hole 16 is provided, and a fluid introduction hole 22 and a blood chamber discharge hole 23 of the same shape are also provided in the oxygen distribution frame 10, but this is not limited to this. 8
As shown in the figure, plate-shaped bodies 32 are simply placed on both sides of the mesh part 31.
As shown in FIG. 9, this is used as an oxygen circulation frame 34 without blood introduction holes and discharge holes (other configurations are the same as those shown in FIGS. 6 and 7). ), and both ends thereof may be fixed with a housing 36 provided with a blood port 35.

Further, although the blood circulation sheet has been described in which a large number of sheets having the same size as the oxygen circulation frame are stacked, the blood circulation sheet 37 is not limited to this, and as shown in FIG. 9, and may be wound around an oxygen flow frame 34 similar to that shown in FIG.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 10, the structure other than that of using a long blood circulation sheet is the same as that shown in FIG. 9.

In the above embodiment, the plate-like body 14.3 of the blood circulation sheet
2, elastic material. After forming a laminate, the periphery is compressed. By doing so, it is possible to maintain sufficient airtightness from the outside. , as shown in FIG.
2 may be provided with protruding ribs 38 on the upper and lower surfaces of the housing 2 to further maintain airtightness.

Further, in the above embodiment, a mesh-like sheet is used as the surface unevenness, which is a flow path for the first fluid, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a non-perforated plate having an uneven surface may be used.

This also applies to the second fluid passage channel.

In the above explanation, an example was described in which this invention was applied to an artificial lung, but it can also be applied to other artificial kidney devices, liquid concentration,
It is clear that the present invention can also be applied to liquid purification devices and the like.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the laminated fluid diffusion device according to the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of the entire device, FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof, and FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the laminate portion. Figure, 4th
The figure is a cross-sectional view of the laminate part, FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing one embodiment of the blood circulation sheet, FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing one embodiment of the oxygen circulation frame, and FIG. 7 is a plan view thereof. 8 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the blood circulation sheet, FIGS. 9 and 10 are exploded perspective views of main parts of the device showing other embodiments, and FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing other embodiments of the blood circulation sheet. FIG. 2 is a side view of main parts showing an embodiment of the invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1...Laminated body, 2, 3...Plate, 4...Tightening member, 5...Oxygen inlet port, 6...Oxygen outlet port, 7...
...Blood inlet port, 8...Blood outlet port, 9...Blood circulation sheet, 10...Oxygen circulation frame, 11.12...Cover member, 13...Mesh portion, 14...Flat body, 15
．． 22... Blood introduction hole, 16, 23... Blood discharge hole, 1
7... Oxygen passage, 18... Gas exchange membrane, 19... Frame,
20...Oxygen introduction hole, 21...Oxygen discharge hole, 24a, 2
4b, 24c...mesh, 25, 26...space, 2
7...Blood introduction port, 28...Blood discharge port, 29
...Blood introduction channel, 30...Blood discharge channel.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An apparatus for moving a substance in a first granule into a second fluid, or moving a substance in the second fluid into the first fluid, each comprising a plurality of particles. a first fluid passage layer and a second fluid passage layer;
a laminate body in which fluid passage layers are alternately laminated one after another, a cover member that airtightly covers both main surfaces of this laminate body, and a cover member provided on the outer surface of this laminate body, the first fluid passage layer and an inlet port and an outlet port that are electrically connected; an inlet port and an outlet port that are provided on the outer surface of the laminate and communicate with the second fluid passage layer; and a holding means for holding the first fluid passage layer to the first fluid passage layer. and a smooth plate-like body connected to the granules to block the passage of the granules, and a first plate-like body in which the surface unevenness does not interpose the entire inside of both ends of the surface unevenness between the smooth plate-like bodies. Formed as an inlet and an outlet for fluid; the second fluid passage layer includes a frame, a pair of diffusion membranes or porous membranes attached to both main surfaces of the frame, and The surface unevenness is connected to a pair of opposing sides and is spaced apart from the other pair of opposing sides over the entire width thereof, and is provided with a surface unevenness. spaces not interposed between the parts are respectively formed as an inlet port and an outlet port for the second fluid; An introduction hole for introducing the fluid into the frame body is formed, and a discharge port is formed on the other side for discharging the second fluid from the body to the second fluid outlet port. A stacked mass transfer device featuring: 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein each of the six surface recesses of the first fluid passage layer is made of one mesh-like sheet or a non-perforated plate. 3. The first fluid passage layer is formed by forming flat plate-like bodies on all sides of a mesh-like sheet forming a first fluid passage to block the fluid passage, and meshes near two opposing sides. An introduction hole is formed to be cut and conducts fluid from the first fluid inlet port into the mesh, and a discharge hole guides the first liquid that has passed through the mesh to the first fluid outlet port. 3. The device according to claim 2, wherein the device is provided with a hole. 4. Claims 1 to 3, wherein the first fluid passage is formed by integrally molding the mesh part and the smooth plate-like part.
Apparatus described in any of the headings. 5 The frame forming the second fluid passage is provided with holes for first fluid passage, which penetrate the plate-shaped body constituting the frame from one main surface to the other main surface, in the vicinity of two opposing sides. An apparatus according to claim 1. 6. The device according to claim 1, wherein the frame body through which the second fluid passes is provided with a mesh inside thereof through which the second fluid passes. 7. The device according to claim 6, wherein the frame forming the second fluid passage has a frame portion and a mesh portion integrally molded. 8. The device according to claim 1, wherein the frame forming the second fluid passage has a non-perforated plate with an uneven surface inside the frame through which the second fluid passes.