JPS5847513B2 - Natsusen Narabini Senshiyokunokochiyakuhou - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In the two-phase process for the development of vat dyes, leucoester vat dyes and reactive dyes, the second step of the process, the fixing chemicals, is applied to the padding or printing process. Particular difficulties arise in the application stage to coated textiles.

That is, accurate metering of the supply of liquids containing chemicals is always difficult.

Padding methods, slop padding methods, cross padding methods and spray methods are well known in the art.

If there is a great need for an even application of chemicals, there is a strong risk, for example, that too much padding liquid may reach the textile material and the print may thereby bleed, thereby creating an unsightly textile surface. .

In order to reduce this risk, considerable amounts of inorganic salts are added to the fixing solution to reduce the solubility of the applied dyes of all the above-mentioned types of dyes.

The amount of liquid actually required for dye fixation is generally significantly less than the total amount of liquid used in conventional methods.

Therefore, all difficulties, including wastewater contamination with salts which are themselves unnecessary, are avoided by reducing the amount of liquid phase applied.

West German Patent Application No. 2145827 and No. 2
According to No. 243,865, it is known to dye or finish textile materials in a batch process using foam.

Similarly periodical “Textilveredlung”
"6 (1971), No. 11, 708-
On page 711, a method is known in which fiber materials can be dyed by a patch method using a foamed dye liquor and using centrifugal force.

Finally, it has already been described in accordance with DE 22 14 377 A1 to apply dyes and/or finishing agents and any necessary chemicals for their fixation to planar fiber structures in the form of foam. ing.

However, in this last-mentioned process, the advantage of reducing the amount of liquid applied is not needed or utilized.

Furthermore, this method uses foam for dyeing and finishing, with the two processing methods described above optionally being carried out simultaneously and making it possible to create patterning and multicolored dyeing effects if desired.

This method reduces the migration phenomenon.

In the case of German Patent Application No. 2 214 377, a one-stage dyeing method is considered, but in this case it is extremely difficult to obtain a uniform dyeing.

This is because the linking of the fiber material and the application of a homogeneous foam - and therefore a completely homogeneous transfer of liquid to the fiber material - are extremely difficult to implement.

The inventors have discovered that any two-phase method for fixing dyeings and prints on cellulose fiber materials and their mixtures with synthetic fibers can be used in which the amount of chemicals required for fixing the dye is used instead of a chemical-containing aqueous liquid. It has been found that this can be done by applying the foam as a foam (consisting of its liquid phase and air), especially in a liquid-poor state, to previously printed or padded textile materials.

Regarding the above-mentioned novel application method, although it is certainly necessary that the concentration of the fixing agent in the liquid phase of the foam be to some extent high, it is possible at the same time to reduce the amount of the fixing liquid used.

Overall, therefore, when applying, for example, a 20% liquid phase in the form of a foam of, for example, 5 to 15%, the amount of chemicals can be reduced, for example, by as much as 10% of the usual amount used.

Is the liquid phase of foam 100? /l of sodium carbonate, 200 crA of NaOH (38°Be) per liter or 400 cni of water glass (500Be) per liter.

A standard alkaline liquid phase is used, usually comprising 802 ml of sodium carbonate and 5 z of sodium hydroxide.

Furthermore, the method provides for use.

The foam form of the fixing chemical allows complete and uniform distribution of the chemical.

Moreover, because of the particularly low water content of the foam, in extreme cases even less than 1% water content, it is impossible to meter the amount of chemicals with complete accuracy.

A viscous foam never has liquid properties, so the print cannot ooze out with this fixing method.

The print has clear outlines.

In the method of the invention, it is impossible for the padded dye to be dissolved in this foam and removed.

In this method, prints made, for example, with benzene emulsions are also treated with foam.

The application of foamed emulsions is also possible.

However, in order to ensure an industrially satisfactory sequence of processing steps and a homogeneous and even foam application with the claimed method, the foam concentration on the textile material must not be too low. It is effective to do so.

However, a large amount of foam means a large amount of liquid, which may blur the sharp outlines of the printed material.

It is therefore advisable in such cases to add up to 10% of an inorganic salt, such as common salt or mirabilite, to the liquid phase of the foam or to use a thickening agent which can coagulate into the printing paste.

In contrast to the state of the art mentioned at the outset, in the present case the dye solution is generally applied to the textile material by conventional techniques and methods, by padding or by printing.

Only the alkali or acid necessary for dye fixation is applied as a foam.

This allows a lower amount of alkali to be dosed in the second stage of the application process than previously thought possible.

In the case of conventional padding methods using alkaline fixing liquids, a minimum of 50% of the water reaches the textile material, and therefore salt, which is not necessarily necessary, is added to this water to prevent the dye from leaching out. I had to add it.

Additionally, the reduction in water volume allows for less salt solution to be required, so chemicals are saved in two ways.

That is, the amount of liquid becomes smaller and the salt concentration becomes lower.

In contrast to the one-stage process according to DE 22 14 377, in which the dye is applied together with fixing aids, in the two-stage process according to the invention the stability of the padding liquid or printing paste is inherently guaranteed.

The leveling problem mentioned above does not occur either. This is because the aqueous padding liquid or printing paste is applied uniformly in each case.

The application of the fixing chemical in the form of a foam (second stage) influences the uniformity of dye fixation only in that a minimum amount of fixing chemical must be present throughout the textile material. effect.

This is achieved mechanically with great ease.

Overdosing of fixing chemicals has no negative effect on the dyeing rate.

In order to carry out the method of the invention, a stable (long-lasting) foam is produced by known methods, for example the method of foam fire extinguishers, so that there is no need to take into account spontaneous collapse of the foam. It is preferable to do so.

The blowing agent preferably has the general formula R10-SO3H-N(CH2-CH2-OH)3(
Here R is an alkyl group having 12-14 carbon atoms.

) based on triethanolamine aralkyl sulfate, with the general formula R-O-(CH2-CH2-O)n
-SO3X (where R has the same meaning as above, X is an alkali metal or ammonium ion, n is 2 to 5
means the number of

) alkyl polyglycol ether sulfate,
and mixtures thereof without any restriction on the mixing ratio are suitable.

In particular, butyl diglycol is used as the solvent for the preparation of the foam concentrate, and small amounts of fatty alcohols, such as lauryl alcohol, are used as foam stabilizers.

This foam stock solution has a zero
．． It is added to the aqueous fixing solution at a concentration of 5-3%.

The printing paste or padding liquid preferably contains, in addition to the dyestuff, foam-disintegrating (non-volatile due to the optional drying process) auxiliaries, for example silicon-based auxiliaries. The foam collapses upon contact with the fibrous material, the entire amount of the foam being absorbed and utilized together with the binding agent contained in the liquid.

The fixing method according to the invention is primarily used for fixing dyeings and prints with reactive dyes.

In this case, the alkali required for this is applied in foam form as caustic soda, water glass or soda.

According to the method of the invention, it is also possible to foam soda-alkaline reducing agent systems for the use of vat dyes.

For fixation and development of dyes consisting of a combination of naphthlates and stabilized diazo compounds, for example, a 5% foam containing 10% formic acid is applied in the liquid phase.

In this case, exposing the textile material treated in this way to air for 60 seconds is sufficient for the development of the dye on the previously printed textile material.

When textile materials printed with vat dyes are supplied together with fixing chemicals, it is particularly advantageous to add suitable defoamers to the printing paste.

Fifth, the air-containing foam must be collapsed before it enters the steamer in order to eliminate the negative effects of trapped air.

Examples of advantageous equipment arrangements for carrying out the invention are shown schematically in the accompanying drawings, FIGS. 1-4.

The numbers used herein have the following meanings: 1. Fiber material 2, endless lahar cloth 3. Driving conveyor roll 4. Foam container 5, foam containing treatment agent 6. Contact zone between foam and fiber material7. Cover sheet 8 for varying the length of the contact section 6. Doctor blade 9 with adjustable height, foam supply pipe 10. Guide roll for textile materials 11. Slit nozzle 12 for foam outlet, inclined surface 13 frame 14. Roll for Foam Application One advantageous embodiment of the novel method is that the foam impregnated with the treatment agent is placed in a box with tall rollers and a non-wetting doctor plate is held at a predetermined height above the textile material. It consists of doing.

It has been found to be advantageous to feed the foam continuously or discontinuously into the vessel or to generate it in the lower part of the vessel constantly or batchwise.

In the vessel, the fibrous material is then more or less immersed in a foam which is fed by a roll or a conveying belt over a system of rolls.

The amount of foam absorbed in the two embodiments described above is also greatly influenced by the contact time of the foam with the applied fabric.

If the thin textile material requires a small amount of foam, this can easily be done in the manner shown in FIG. 1 by partially covering the contact zone between the textile material and the foam supply. It will be done.

Changing the contact section also makes it easier to adapt to changes in the fiber material conveying speed.

In the simplest method, the fiber material is fed together with the foam onto an inclined surface, the inclined surface usually being a doctor blade or a substitute for a doctor blade.

Such two arrangements are clear from FIGS. 2 and 3.

Finally, FIG. 4 shows a pair of rolls as an application device for foam.

According to this arrangement, foam is provided on the outer circumferential surface of one roll, from which it is carried by the rotation of that roll, and transferred to the fibrous material at the nip of the pair of rolls; being guided around two rolls.

The thickness of foam applied to the fabric (foam height) is determined by the distance between the two rolls.

The examples below explain the implementation according to the invention in more detail.

In the examples, the color index numbers listed for the dyes used were taken from the 1971 edition of this index.

The percentages used mean % by weight.

Example 1 Reactive blue-19-C, I, 15P61 cotton stockinette with a weight of 200P/m"
200 Sodium monophosphate 2♂Sodium alginate (5% aqueous solution') 483? and printing with a printing paste containing 500g and 1000f of water.

After drying, on the fiber material, using the apparatus according to FIG.
% of an aqueous foam, the liquid phase of which is 30%, containing 10% of a caustic 7-D solution and 1% of a foam stock solution based on triethanolamine-cocoyang fatty acid sulfate is applied.

The liquid pickup is 20%, which is 4ml of 30% sodium hydroxide solution. is applied on the fiber material im2.

When carrying out foam application, the distance between two rolls driven apart is about 1.

This defines the height of the foam layer.

The two rolls can be driven at different speeds, with the roll transporting the foam preferably rotating faster.

In that case, the second roll can also be driven by the first roll.

In the simplest case, the force transmission is carried out by pressing the rolls against each other, each end of a roll being wrapped with a strip of cloth having a width of at least 20 CTL.

This rolled layer must have a thickness corresponding to the distance between the two rolls at the point where the fabric is guided.

After leaving the fibrous material thus provided with a foam layer in the device, it is fed into a steamer and treated there with steam at io0° C. for 20 seconds.

After washing and drying, a blue print is obtained on a white background.

Example 2 400P/m2 cotton towel fabric was dyed and vat (v
at) Orange 7 C, I, A. 7 1 1
Printed with 252 of 05.

The printing paste contains, in addition to the above dye, a thickening agent (10%
50 grams of starch powder (in the form of an aqueous solution) and 0.52 grams of silicone defoamer.

After leaving the printing unit, the wet textile material is again
A mixture (1:1) of triethanolamine-coco fatty acid sulfate and ammonium salt of coconut fatty acid triglycol ether sulfate was prepared using the apparatus shown in the figure.
A 5% aqueous foam prepared with a 2% addition is applied.

The liquid phase of the foam consists of a 5% caustic soda solution in which an additional 5% sodium dithionite is dissolved.

The thickness of the foam layer is adjusted by the doctor blade in FIG. 1 to -1.6 degrees.

Immediately after leaving the foam supply device, the foam disintegrates and the aqueous phase is absorbed into the printed fiber material.

The liquid pick-up was 20%, which means that 80 ml of 5% caustic soda solution was delivered to 1 m'' of textile material.

Immediately after applying the foam, the fiber material is placed, without drying, in a steamer and treated therein with steam at 120° C. for 1 minute.

After rinsing, oxidizing and washing the fiber material thus treated, a bright orange print on a white background is obtained.

Example 3 Linen cloth with 3soP/m is made of reactipuiero 17
C, I, A. Printing was carried out using the printing paste in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 18852 was used, and as shown in Fig. 3,
Apply the same foam as in Example 1.

The liquid pickup is 15%, which is 5% of the caustic soda solution.
This means that 2.5 ml was brought onto the fiber material in.

The thickness of the foam was approximately ITtrIL. The linen cloth applied with foam and treated with a doctor blade is introduced into a heating channel at 60° C., stored there for 10 minutes and finally washed.

A golden yellow pattern is obtained on a semi-white background.

Example 4 Azoitsuku Coupling Precept 2-C. I, A37505
2% of a mixture of 15 ft of and 10 g of p-nitroaniline in the form of its diazonium salt stabilized as a diazoamino compound.
Dissolve in caustic soda solution and thicken with carob flour.

This printing paste is printed onto a stable fiber fabric having a weight of 125 P/ffl and dried.

10% aqueous formic acid was then foamed with the addition of a 1.2% foam stock solution based on the ammonium salt of coconut fatty acid monotriglycol ether sulfate and applied to the textile material using the apparatus described in FIG. give

The liquid pick-up is 30%, which corresponds to the pick-up of pure formic acid 3752 on the fiber material lm.

The thickness of the foam was approximately 1 mrrt.

After treating the foam with a doctor blade, the fiber material is exposed to air for 60 seconds, during which the color tone develops very strongly.

The color development of the dye can also be enhanced by heating with infrared rays.

A red print is obtained on a white background.

The gist of the present invention is the method described in the claims,
Note that the embodiments include the following.

(1) A method according to the claims, wherein the padding liquid or the printing paste contains a foam disintegrating agent that causes foam collapse upon contact between the fiber material and the foam.

(2) In the method described in the claims, vat dyes, leucoester vat dyes, stabilized azo dyes, or reactive dyes are used for dyeing cellulose fibers and cellulose parts in blended fabrics. how to.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figures 1 to 4 of the accompanying drawings show a cross-section of an apparatus for carrying out the method of the invention.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a method for fixing dyeing and printing of cellulose fiber materials and mixtures thereof with synthetic fibers by a two-phase method,
A process characterized in that the amount of chemical necessary for dye fixation is applied, particularly as a foam in a low-liquid state, to the previously printed or padded textile material.