JPS5848147B2 - Shiryo no Seizouhou - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] This invention relates to a method for producing feed.

For more details, please refer to existing plant feeds or their raw materials.
The present invention relates to a method for producing feed that improves quality by fortifying amino acids such as IJ, L-methionine, L-threonine, and L-tryptophan.

As is well known, L-lysine, L-methionine, L-threonine, and L-1-lyptophan are essential amino acids, but they are generally contained in small amounts in plant feed and are often considered limiting amino acids. It has become.

The present inventors conducted research to improve the protein value of feed by supplementing the amino acids that are lacking in existing plant feeds, and found that after shredding the plant feed or its raw materials as desired, water A microorganism capable of producing L-IJ gin, L-methionine, L-threonine or L-to-IJ ptophan is inoculated and cultured, and the resulting culture is By using it as it is or by concentrating or drying it to make feed or feed ingredients, it is possible not only to increase the amino acid content in the existing feed or feed ingredients, but also to allow the above-mentioned microorganisms to grow and to be used as feed or feed ingredients. For,
They discovered that scales can also increase the amount of protein themselves.

It will be explained in more detail.

Examples of raw materials for the feed manufacturing method of the present invention include the following.

■． Cereals corn, wheat, barley, rye, oats, sorghum, rice, millet, millet, millet, soybean 2. Legumes and oilseeds Soybeans, cotton seeds, flaxseeds, groundnuts, kidney beans, broad beans, peas, cowpeas, sunflower seeds, hemp seeds, screening 3. Oil meal: soybean meal, cotton seed meal, linseed meal, groundnut meal, coma meal,
Sunflower meal, coconut meal, palm kernel meal, rapeseed meal, safflower meal, hemp seed meal, perilla meal, kapotuku meal, mustard meal, poppy seed meal, castor meal, tung seed meal 4. Bran Rice bran, bran, wheat bran, corn bran, sorghum bran, oat bran, rye bran, soybean hull, millet bran, barnyard millet bran, buckwheat bran 5. Manufacturing lees Starch lees, gluten feed, molasses, beet pulp, tobu lees, soy sauce lees, beer lees, alcohol lees, cytrus pulp (orange juice lees), grape oil lees 6. Grass grasses: ryegrass, orchard, timothy, fuesque, tall autograss, weepinga lovegrass, bromegrass, Kentucky pullgrass, red top, reed canarygrass, johnsongrass, bermutergrass, grisgrass, bahiagrass, Napier grass7. Legumes Clovers, Alfalfa, Bird's foot trefoil, Astragalus, Bench, Tanjapea, Roughpea, Lupine, Soybean, Cowbee dog leaf climbing bean, Crotalaria, Sweet potato, Turnip, Rape (rapeseed rape) Livestock bee
Sunflowers for green harvest, Mokuimo, Lasian comfrey.

These feeds or feed ingredients are suspended or dissolved in water (liquid medium) or are made to contain an appropriate amount of water (solid medium).

In the case of a suspension, it is desirable to shred the feed or feed ingredients appropriately so that it can be stirred appropriately.

The finer the degree of shredding, the better, but soybean meal, fish meal, corn, etc. may be used as they are.

In the case of a water suspension, the concentration of feed or feed ingredients is
A higher concentration is desirable, but if the ferocity exceeds a certain level, stirring of the suspension becomes extremely difficult, resulting in a reduction in the growth rate of microorganisms.

The liquid or solid medium may further contain 0.1 to 5
g/d 18 degrees glucose, fructose, starch,
The growth of microorganisms may be further improved by adding carbohydrates such as cellulose, organic acids such as acetic acid and higher fatty acids, and alcohols such as ethanol and glycerin.

In addition, if ammonium salts, especially organic acid salts, urea, nitrates, etc. are added to the above liquid or solid medium, or if ammonia water, ammonia gas, etc. are added to the medium during the cultivation of microorganisms, they can be used as nitrogen sources by microorganisms. Therefore, the production of amino acids such as L-lysine, L-methionine, L-threonine, and L-tryptophan is further promoted, and the growth of microorganisms is also promoted.

Examples of the microorganisms that can be inoculated and cultured in this liquid or solid medium include the following.

Brevibacterium flavum A
TCC 21475 Previbacterium lactofermentum (Brev
Ibacterium Iactofermentu
m) FERM-P 1711 Corynebacterium acetoacidophyllum (Cory
nebacterium acetoacidophi
im) ATCC 21490 Micrococcus glutamicus
ATCC 1.3286 Oerskovia turbata FERM-
P 3258 Aspergillus oryzae}'ER
M-P 3324 Threonine-producing bacterium Previbacterium flavum FERM-P54 Brevibacterium flavum ATCC 21269 Corynebacterium acetoacidophyllum A. T.C.C.
21270 Escherichia coli
li) FERM-P 77 Tryptophan-producing bacterium Previbacterium flavum FERM-P 648 Bacillus subtilis
lis) FERM-P 1783 Microbacterium ammoniaphyllum (Micro
bacterium ammoniaphilum)F
ERM-P 650 Micrococcus glutamicus FERM-P 651 Methionine-producing bacterium Previbacterium flavum FERM-P 1542 These microorganisms are cultivated under good aerobic conditions, so the water suspension is vigorously aerated or stirred.

In the case of solid media, turn or mix appropriately.

The culture temperature was 25t. A range of x to 40'C is desirable;
Furthermore, it is desirable to adjust the pH to 3 to 8 with an acid or alkali.

Organic acids such as acetic acid are particularly desirable as acids for adjusting the pH.

In addition, ammonia gas, ammonia water, etc. are particularly preferable as the alkali.

The culture thus obtained contains L-IJ gin, L-methionine, and L-methionine from the feed or feed materials used as raw materials.
- It has a high content of amino acids such as threonine and L-tryptophan, and since it contains microorganisms, it also has a high protein content.

Therefore, the culture can be used as feed or feed raw material as is.

Furthermore, even if this culture is appropriately concentrated by spray drying, drum dryer drying, etc., it can be used as feed or feed raw material.

Example 1 Defatted dog beans 1 soo. 9 (containing 46% crude protein, 828 g), 36 g of urea, and 18 liters of water were poured into a 301-volume jar fermenter, the pH was adjusted to 7.0 with ammonia, and the pH was adjusted to 7.0 with ammonia.
It was heat sterilized at 0°C for 20 minutes.

In addition, Previbacterium lactofermentum F, which had been grown in advance on a broth agar medium at 30°C for 24 hours, was added.
A water suspension of ERM-P 1711 (absorbance at 562 nm after 26-fold dilution with water: 0.40) was
0m7 was inoculated.

Culture temperature 31°C, aeration volume 1/2, stirring number 3oorpm,
Internal pressure 0.5kg/ci. After 24 hours of aerated agitation culture under the conditions below, the culture solution was concentrated and dried to obtain 1805 kg of dry matter (containing 832 g of crude protein).

When the amino acid composition (including protein-constituting amino acids) contained in this dry matter was measured, it was as shown in Table 1.
The amino acid composition of this dry matter was closer to that of sardine meal, a typical example of animal feed, than that of defatted soybeans.

Next, the effect of the thus obtained cultured dried product as feed was compared with that of defatted soybeans using broiler chicks.

[Comparative feeding test using broiler chicks]

Compound feed: 12% defatted soybean or its microbially cultured dry matter, 65% yellow corn, fishmeal io. o%,
Defatted rice bran 8.4%, CaCO31.5%, CaHPO
+2.0%, NaCIO. 5%, trace minerals 0
．． 1%, vitamin preparation 0.3%, antibiotic 0.16%, and coccidia preventive agent 0.04%, and was used after being ground into 1-diameter pieces.

Breeding method: 100 white Cornitssch broiler chickens, 0 weeks old, were divided into two to serve as test chickens.

Using a battery brooder, raise the area to 100 cr
/ feather (O~2 weeks ◆) or 225d/ Feather (2~4 weeks +)
The temperature ranges from 35°C (0 weeks A?) to 24°C (4 weeks 4>
) Grown under sunlight for 4 weeks.

Ingestion of Nejiryo was conducted by ad libitum method. Results: Table 2 shows the feed intake and body weight (all average values) of the chicks in each week ◆ from 0 to 4 weeks.

Furthermore, average weight gain, weight gain rate, weight gain index, and feed efficiency between 0 week old and 4 week ◆ are shown in Table 3.

Example 2 Using the same medium as in Example 1, Elscochia tonolevata FERM-P 3258 was cultured at 30°C for 2 days.

The amino acid composition of the concentrated and dried culture solution was as shown in Table 4.

The dry matter was 29.2 g (including 15.3 g of crude protein).

Example 3 Previbacterium flavum FERMP-648 was cultured at 30°C for 30 hours using the same medium as in Example 2 (however, glucose was added to 0.5%).

The amino acid composition of the concentrated and dried culture solution was as shown in Table 6.

The dry matter amount was 29.8 g (including 15.7 g of crude protein).

Example 4 Yellow corn (ground product) 1800. ! it' (crude protein 9.1%, 164g), ammonium sulfate 18g1
18 liters of water was added to a 307 volume jar fermenter.

Adjust the pH to 7.0 with ammonia gas, heat sterilize at 120°C for 20 minutes, and then incubate in advance on a meat juice agar medium for 30 minutes.
A water suspension (absorbance at 562 nm after 26-fold dilution with water: 0.40) of Previbacterium flavum FERM-P 1542 and Elscochia triverta FERM-P 3258 grown for 24 hours at ℃ @450
ml was inoculated.

Culture temperature: 31℃, aeration volume: 1/2vvm, stirring number: 300
rl"' Internal pressure 0.5 kg/Te2 After 4 hours of aeration stirring culture, the culture was concentrated to dryness to obtain 1790 g of dry matter (crude protein 171.9).

When we examined the amino acid composition contained in this dry matter (
(including protein-constituting amino acids), as shown in Table 7.

Next, the effect of the thus obtained cultured dried product as feed was examined using broiler chicks under the same conditions as in the feeding test of Example 1.

The results are shown in Tables 8 and 9.

Example 5 In place of corn in the medium components in Example 4,
A medium using Koriyan was prepared.

Previbacterium flavum FERMP 1542 and Erschochia tolverta FERMP 3258 were simultaneously inoculated and cultured with aeration at 30° C. for 40 hours.

When the culture solution was concentrated and dried, the amino acid components (including protein-constituting amino acids) in the dried matter were as shown in Table 10.

Also, the dry matter amount is 29.6! ! (3.2 g of crude protein).

Example 6 Wheat wrinkles 5o9 and 40 ml of water were placed in a 1 liter Erlenmeyer flask, mixed well, and then heat sterilized.

Add yeast/malt extract agar medium (yeast extract 0.3%, malt extract 0.3%, polypeptone 0.5%) to this in advance.
%, glucose 1%, pH 7.2 (KOH)t agar 1
．． Aspergillus oryzae FERM grown in 8%)
About 0.5 g of P3324 (a lysine-producing bacterium derived from Aspergillus oryzae AJ7231 by mutation treatment) was suspended in sterile water and inoculated.

Static culture was carried out at 30°C for 3 days (however, the culture was shaken occasionally to homogenize the culture).

), the culture was dried and the amino acid composition in the dry matter showed an increase in lysine content as shown in Table 11.Example 7 After soaking 50 g of defatted soybeans in water overnight, the water was removed and 1 liter of
The mixture was placed in a large Erlenmeyer flask and steamed and sterilized.

The tryptophan-producing bacterium Pachylus subtilis FERM-P1783 was grown on a broth agar medium in advance.
Approximately 05 g of bacterial cells were suspended in sterile water and inoculated.

After standing still for 48 hours in a 37°C incubator (with occasional shaking to ensure uniformity), the culture was dried to dryness.The amino acid composition in the dry matter was shown in Table 12. An increase in the tryptophan content was observed. It was done.

Example 9 The same medium as in Example 1 (however, ammonium sulfate was added at 0.1
% of Previbacterium flavum FERMP-1 5 4 2 at 30°C.
Cultured for 0 hours.

The amino acid composition of the concentrated and dried culture solution was as shown in Table 5.

The dry matter amount was 28.7 g (including 14.9 g of crude protein).

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. After shredding the plant feed or its raw materials as desired, suspending, dissolving, or appropriately containing water in water, and adding L-lysine, L-methionine, L-threonine, or L-tryptophan production ability to this. 1. A method for producing feed, which comprises inoculating and culturing a microorganism having the following, and using the resulting culture as feed or feed raw material, either as it is or by concentrating or drying it.