JPS5848393B2 - coupler - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention makes the coupler plate rotatable, so that the connecting portion between the tractor and the trailer can be rotated extremely smoothly, and the contact surfaces between the upper surface of the coupler plate and the lower surface of the kingpin plate do not swivel together. The purpose is to prevent such troubles.

Conventionally, a tractor and a trailer are connected by coupling a coupler of the tractor and a kingpin of the trailer, and when the vehicle turns the steering wheel, the coupler turns around the kingpin.

In addition, since the coupler is subject to the load borne by the trailer's kingpin, the contact surface between the coupler and the kingpin plate is subject to surface pressure due to the relationship between rotational circumferential speed, differences in materials, and hardness, resulting in galling between the couplers and the need for frequent replacement. It takes.

However, replacing the muffler is very expensive, and the kingpin plate cannot be easily replaced due to its welded structure, and there is a risk that the trailer may be deformed, which is not desirable.

In the present invention, a spherical bearing is provided inside the coupler body, and this bearing allows the pitching and rolling operation necessary as the basic function of the coupler to be performed without impairing it, and in this part required by the present invention. By enabling horizontal turning operation while performing pitching and rolling operations, and preventing turning on the upper surfaces of the trailer's kingpin plate and coupler, troubles caused by wrinkles on both sides can be prevented.

FIG. 1 shows a state in which a tractor 1 and a trailer 2 are connected by a 1/tractor 1 coupler 3. As shown in FIG.

Figure 2 shows that the coupler 3 is attached to the l.acta 1.

Further, FIG. 3 shows the kingpin play-1-4 and kingpin 5 of the trailer 2.

Conventionally, the coupler 3 and the king pin 5 were connected in the states shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3.

When the tractor 1 turns, the upper surface of the coupler 3 frictionally rotates around the kingpin 5 on the surface of the kingpin plate 1-4.

The tractor 1 simultaneously repeats pitching and rolling in response to road conditions.

Therefore, in the conventional coupler, in order to follow this movement, the pitching shaft 9 and the rolling shaft 10 are connected between the coupler plate 1-6 and the coupler base γ via the walking bead 1z 8, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. are rotatably supported so that they intersect in a cross shape.

The present invention does not require a cross-direction composite operation of pitching of the Cobra Play 1-6 by the pitching shaft 1-9 and rolling by the rolling shafts 1 and 10, as in the past, but allows smooth direct pitching and rolling of the truck and trailer. As shown in FIGS. 6 to 9, the inner race 13 whose outer periphery is formed in an arc shape is provided on the leg portion 24 of the coupler plate 11, and the inner race 13 is provided on the leg portion 24 of the coupler plate 11 to ensure the connection. The outer periphery of the inner race 13 is rotatably fitted into the arc-shaped recess of the outer race 14 provided on the support part 25 to form a spherical bearing 18, and the cabbage plate 11 is moved to the old position (that is, the old position is the position of the truck or trailer). The groove 23 provided in the cover plate 11 is set at a predetermined position so that the king bin 5 is inserted securely when connecting the two. This is a coupler characterized by being provided with a spring, leaf spring, etc.

The coupler of the present invention includes a coupler plate 11 and a coupler base 1.
The donut-shaped cover plates 15 and 16 are assembled between the inner race 13 and the outer race 14 through a spherical bearing 18, and the inner race 13 and the outer race 14 are supported by bolts 17, respectively.

This spherical bearing 18 also serves as a stopper device to prevent it from coming off even if a vertical load is applied to it.

In addition, a thin spiral spring 19 is installed as an elastic material in the center of the coupler plate 11 and the coupler base 12.
One end 20 is inserted and fixed into the coupler plate 11, and the other end 21 is inserted and fixed into the coupler base 12.

The central protrusion 22 of the coupler base 12 is a thinly wound spring 1.
It serves as a guide for section 9.

With this configuration, when the coupler plate 11 and the kingpin plate 4 are connected by the kingpin 5 and become one, no turning movement occurs between the coupler plate 11 and the kingpin plates 1-4 during turning. Kumata Inner lace 13 and outer lace 1 with extremely low frictional resistance
4, and since this part is spherical, it has the effect of allowing pitching and rolling movements to be performed freely.

The inner race 13 and the outer race 14 are smaller in size and shape than the coupler plate 11 and the king pin plate 4 and are easier to machine, and are also easier to perform dust-proofing and lubrication treatment (not shown). can be easily understood.

Furthermore, it is extremely advantageous in terms of processing and material selection that prevent the coupler plate 11 and kingpin plate 4 from galling.

Further, the action of the thin coil spring 19 is such that when it is not connected to the trailer 2 as shown in FIG. 2, the groove 23 into which the cover plate 11 and the king pin 5 are inserted is always in the position shown in FIG. This has the effect of always restoring the coupler plate 11 to a fixed position when there is no load from the kingpin plate 4, and facilitates the coupling with the kingpin 5.

As described above, the present invention uses a spherical bearing to connect the coupler plate 1 of the coupler and the coupler base, so that the position of the king pin insertion groove of the coupler is always restored to the predetermined position when the coupler is not connected to a trailer. Preferably, a spring mechanism is installed inside the coupler, so that when the trailer is connected and there is a turning operation, the rotation, pitching, and rolling movements are performed by the spherical bearing to prevent friction galling between the coupler plate and the kingpin play-1. It has the advantage of being strong, durable, etc.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 to 5 show the conventional system. Figure 1 is a side view of the 1-tractor and trailer connected, and Figure 2 is the 1-tractor connected to the trailer.
Figure 3 is a perspective view of the kingpin plate and kingpin installed on the trailer, Figure 4 is a sectional view taken along line A-A in Figure 2, and Figure 5 is taken along line B-B in Figure 2. The sectional views, FIGS. 6 to 9, show an example of the implementation of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional view of the present invention, FIG. FIG. 9 is a partially cutaway side view of the same as above, and FIG. 9 is a plan view of the same. 1 is a tractor, 2 is a trailer, 3 is a conventional coupler, 4 is a king pin play l, 5 is a king pin, 6 is a conventional coupler plate, 7 is a conventional converter base, 8 is a walking beam, 9 is a pitching shaft, 10 is a rolling shaft L・, 11 is a turntable plate of the present invention, 12 is a turntable base of the present invention, 13 is an inner race, 14 is an outer race, 15.16 is a dowel-shaped cover plate, 17 is a bolt, 18 is an inner A spherical bearing consisting of a race 13 and an outer race 14, 19 a thinly wound spring (
20 is one end of the thinly wound spring, 21 is the other end of the thinly wound spring, 22 is the projection, 23 is the groove, 24 is the leg, 2
5 is a support part.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An inner race having an arcuate outer periphery is provided on the leg portion of the coupler plate, and the outer periphery of the inner race is rotatably fitted into the arcuate recess of the outer race provided in the support portion of the coupler base to form a spherical bearing. By installing an elastic material such as a thin coil spring in the center of the coupler plate and the coupler base, and inserting and fixing one end of the elastic material into the coupler plate and the other end into the coupler base, the coupler plate can be fixed. A coupler characterized by being able to return to its old position.