JPS5849503B2 - Forging or extrusion molds - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to a die for forging or extrusion.

Conventionally, mineral oil, a mixture of mineral oil and graphite, and the like are known as lubricants for forging or extrusion, but each of these lubricants has drawbacks.

In other words, mineral oil is not only unsatisfactory in terms of lubricity and mold release properties, but also has environmental problems such as smoke generation, dust scattering, and fire hazards when used in hot working processes. It also has drawbacks in terms of surfaces and work surfaces.

Furthermore, although the lubricity and mold release properties of a mixture of mineral oil and graphite have been improved, not only are the environmental and work aspects not improved at all, but graphite clogs the nozzle, making automation extremely difficult. .

As described above, each of the currently known lubricants has drawbacks, and it is desired that a new lubricant completely eliminate these drawbacks.

The present invention has been made with the aim of developing such lubricants and, in particular, developing new types of lubricants, such as P205 and B203.
and M20 (M is an alkali metal) each from 40 to 5
A mold for forging or extrusion processing, characterized in that a thin film of water-soluble glass containing 5 mol%, 6 to 9 mol%, or 30 to 60 mol% is uniformly formed on its inner surface. This is related to.

When a lubricant made of water-soluble glass of the above-mentioned specific silk composition is applied to a mold heated to about 200 to 800°C in a forging or extrusion process, the water evaporates and the water-poured glass is melted to form a molten film. do.

This molten coating has an appropriate viscosity of several hundred to several thousand poise at the above temperature, and exhibits excellent lubricity and mold release properties.

This lubricity and mold releasability are equivalent to or better than those of conventional products.

Furthermore, by applying the above-mentioned water-soluble glass to the mold surface, it is possible to completely eliminate the environmental and operational problems that are considered to be serious drawbacks of conventional lubricants.

The present invention is based on the fact that the glass having the above-mentioned specific composition ratio is water-soluble, the fact that it melts at an extremely low temperature of about 200 to 800°C to form a molten film, and the fact that the molten film has a temperature of several hundred to It is completely prohibited based on the fact that it has a moderate viscosity of several thousand poise and therefore exhibits excellent lubricity.

The water-soluble glass constituting the lubricant of the present invention is P205, B
203 and M20 (M is the same as above, the same below), and the content ratio is 40 to 55 mol%, 6
-9 mol%, 30-60 mol%.

The water-soluble glass used in the present invention has an appropriate viscosity of several hundred to several thousand poise at a temperature of about 200 to 800° C. during forging or extrusion.

If the content ratio of P2o5, B2o3 and M20 is outside the above range, the glass will not exhibit appropriate viscosity at 200 to 800°C, which is disadvantageous since the lubricity, which is important as a lubricant, will be reduced.

B203 only needs to be present in an amount of 6 to 9 mol%, and exhibits excellent lubricity within this range.

Specifically, the M20 used in the present invention is Na20
, K20, etc.

A wide range of raw materials commonly used in this field can be used as raw materials for producing water-soluble glass.

P205 sources specifically include phosphoric acid, monobasic sodium phosphate, monobasic potassium phosphate, sodium metaphosphate, dibasic sodium phosphate, dibasic potassium phosphate, condensed sodium phosphate,
Examples include phosphates such as condensed potassium phosphate.

Specifically, B203 sources include boric acid, sodium borate,
Examples include borates such as potassium borate.

Specifically, M20 sources include sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, sodium dibasic phosphate, dibasic sodium phosphate,
Examples include alkali metal carbonates, nitrates, borates, phosphates, borates, and hydroxides such as dibasic potassium phosphate, sodium borate, potassium borate, sodium hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide.

The water-soluble glass used in the present invention is prepared by appropriately blending the above raw materials, melting the glass at 200 to 1200°C (preferably 800 to 90°C) for about 0.5 to 1 hour according to a conventional method, and then slowly cooling it to vitrify it. Manufactured by

The lubricity of the present invention may be obtained only from the above-mentioned water-soluble glass, or may be obtained by dissolving the glass in water.

The lubricant of the present invention in the form of an aqueous solution is produced by dissolving a water-soluble glass in water.

As the water-soluble glass, it is preferable to use pulverized glass.

The blending ratio of water-soluble glass and water is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected from a wide range, but usually the concentration of water-soluble glass in the lubricant of the present invention is 2 to 60% by weight, preferably 20 to 50% by weight.
What is necessary is just to mix it so that it may become weight%.

The lubricant of the present invention in the form of an aqueous solution can be easily produced by simply mixing water-soluble glass with water and stirring at room temperature.

If the lubricant of the present invention thus obtained is in the form of an aqueous solution, it may be used as is, but it is usually diluted with an appropriate amount of water before use.

The concentration in use is generally 0.2 to 20% by weight.

In the present invention, when applying the lubricant onto the die surface, the lubricant may be applied to the die for forging or extrusion by an appropriate means such as spraying.

During forging or extrusion, the temperature of the mold is approximately 200-800℃.
Since the lubricant is heated to 300°C, there is no longer any water in the lubricant, and a molten film of water-soluble glass is formed on the mold.

This molten film of water-soluble glass has a moderate viscosity of several hundred to several thousand poise at a temperature of 200 to 800 DEG C., and it is believed that the desired effects of the present invention are exhibited.

The forging die used in the present invention is a die used for forging called ordinary die forging, and can be divided into a rough die and a finishing die, and both types can be made of conventionally known materials and dimensions. Various types can be used effectively over a wide range of areas.

Also, commonly used extrusion molds can be used effectively in a wide range of applications, and the lubricant of the present invention is usually used in both the container and the die.

In the present invention, the lubricating film is 10A in any type.
-4000A, and if it is less than 10 years, the lubricity will be insufficient, and if it is severe, seizure will occur, and if it is larger than 400A, there is a risk of dimensional errors and insufficient thickness.

Examples are given below to further clarify the present invention.

Example l Oxide composition: P2054 1.2 mol%, B2037 mol%, Na2 03 9. 3 mol% and K2012.5
The raw materials for glass production are mixed so as to have a mol% ratio, and the mixture is melted and vitrified at 900°C for 30 minutes.

The obtained glass is crushed and dissolved in water to form a 20% by weight aqueous solution to obtain the lubricant of the present invention.

The performance of the obtained lubricant of the present invention was tested according to the following conditions and methods.

Test conditions Forging machine: 25 (l) knuckle joint press (manufactured by Aida Iron Works Co., Ltd.) (normal operation 55 cycles/min) Test product: Product name: Household gas cock body material; Brass rod billet for forging; 27φ x 85L Temperature conditions: Heating atmosphere temperature: Actual temperature of soo'c billet: 720 to 750°C Mold temperature: 300 to 400°C Test method: Apply the lubricant of the present invention to upper and lower molds by hand spraying.
Spray every 4 shots.

Observe work conditions and inspect products.

The working conditions were light with no smoke or oil scattering, and the lubricity and mold releasability were equal to or better than those of conventional products.

The finish of the product was very good, with no clouding observed after pickling.

Example 2 Glass manufacturing raw materials were mixed so that the oxide composition was 1.2 mol% of P205, 47 mol% of B203, 9.3 mol% of Na203, and 12.5 mol% of K20. A concentration of the lubricant of the present invention is obtained.

The lubricant of the present invention is tested according to the following conditions and methods.

Test conditions Forging machine: F-300$ (manufactured by Enomoto Kikai Co., Ltd.) (normal operation 13 cycles/min) Test product: Product name: Water body (diaphragm water preparation part) Material: Brass (BsBF-2) Billet dimensions: 35φX64. 5L (Weight 5 2 2P) Temperature conditions: Billet body 720-730℃ Mold approx. 2
00'C Test Method The lubricant of the present invention was sprayed onto the upper and lower molds using a hand spray gun, and the release of the product from the mold and the finished state were observed.

The results are shown in Table 1 below. The working conditions were light with no smoke or oil scattering, and the lubricity and mold releasability were equal to or better than those of conventional products.

The finish of the product was very good, with no clouding observed after pickling.

Example 3 Oxide composition is P20541.7 mol%, B2036.0
Mol%, Na2039.7mol% and K20 12.
The lubricant of the present invention is obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 by mixing the raw materials for glass production so that the concentration is 6-E1%.

The performance of the obtained lubricant of the present invention was tested according to the following conditions and methods.

Test conditions Forging machine: F-300$ (normal work 13 cycles/min) Test product: Product name: Water valve material: Brass (BsBF-2) Billet; 48φX46L (weight 70M') Temperature conditions: Billet body 630°C ~ 730 ℃ mold
Before forging 200°C strong Immediately after forging 400°C strong Test method The lubricant of the present invention is sprayed onto the upper and lower molds every 6 shots using a hand spray method.

Observe work conditions and inspect products.

The work conditions are light with no smoke or oil scattering.

The lubricity and mold releasability were equal to or better than those of the conventional product.

The finish of the product was very good, with no clouding observed after pickling.

Example 4 The oxide composition was P20540.4 mol%, B2039 mol%, Na, 038.4 mol%, and K2 0 1 2
．． The lubricant of the present invention is obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 by mixing the raw materials for glass production so that the ratio becomes 2 mol/l/%.

The performance of the obtained lubricant of the present invention is tested according to the following conditions and methods.

Test conditions Forging machine: F-300$ (normal work 13 cycles/min) Test product: Product name; Water valve material; Brass (BsBF-2) Billet: 48φX46L (weight 700?) Temperature conditions: Billet body 630-730℃ * Mold Before forging 200°C Immediately after forging 400°C strong Test method The lubricant of the present invention is sprayed onto the upper and lower molds every 6 shots using a hand spray method.

Observe work conditions and inspect products.

The work conditions are light with no thick buildup or oil scattering.

The lubricity and mold releasability were equal to or better than those of the conventional product.

The finish of the product was very good with no clouding observed after pickling.

Experimental examples are shown below to clarify the features of the present invention.

Experiment〉 Mix the glass raw materials according to the precepts shown in Table 2 below.
Melt and vitrify at 0° C. for 30 minutes.

The obtained glass flocs were melted by heating to an appropriate temperature, then held at each temperature for an appropriate time while cooling, and the viscosity and presence or absence of devitrification were measured.

The measurement results of viscosity are shown in Figure 1, and the presence or absence of devitrification is also shown in Table 2.

The lubricant of the present invention is obtained by dissolving it in water.

The performance of the obtained lubricant of the present invention was tested according to the following conditions and methods.

Test conditions Forging machine: 250 mm knuckle joint press (manufactured by Aida Iron Works Co., Ltd.) (normal operation 55 cycles/min) Test product: Product name: Household gas cock body material; Brass bar billet for forging; 27φ x 85L Temperature conditions: Processing Warm atmosphere temperature Soo'c Actual temperature of billet 720-750'C Mold temperature 300-400°C Test method The lubricant of the present invention was applied to the upper and lower molds by hand spraying.
Spray every 4 shots.

Observe work conditions and inspect products.

The working conditions were light with no smoke or oil scattering, and the lubricity and mold releasability were equal to or better than those of conventional products.

The finish of the product was very good, with no clouding observed after pickling.

Example 2 Oxide composition: P20541.2 mol%, B2037 mol%, Na203 9.3 mol%, L, 012.5 mol%
The lubricants of the present invention having various concentrations are obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 by mixing the raw materials for glass production so that the lubricants have various concentrations.

The lubricant of the present invention is tested according to the following conditions and methods.

Test conditions Forging machine: F-300$ (manufactured by Enomoto Kikai Co., Ltd.) (normal operation 13 cycles/min) Test product: Product name: Water body (diaphragm water preparation part) Material: Brass (BsBF-2) Billet dimensions: 35φX64. 5L (Weight 5 2 2?) Temperature conditions: Billet body 720-730℃ Mold approx. 2
00°C Test Method The lubricant of the present invention was sprayed onto the upper and lower molds using a hand spray gun, and the release of the product from the mold and the finished state were observed.

The results are shown in Table 1 below. The working conditions were light with no smoke or oil scattering, and the lubricity and mold releasability were equal to or better than those of conventional products.

The finish of the product was very good, with no clouding observed after pickling.

Example 3 The oxide composition was P20541.7 mol%, B2036. O
Mol%, Na2039.7mol% and K20 12.
Example 1: The raw materials for glass production were mixed to a concentration of 6 mol%.
The lubricant of the present invention is obtained in the same manner as above.

The performance of the obtained lubricant of the present invention was tested according to the following conditions and methods.

Test conditions Forging machine: F-300$ (normal work 13 cycles/min) Test product: Product name; Water valve material; Brass (BsBF-2) Billet; 48φX46L (Weight 700g) Temperature conditions: Billet body 630'C ~ 730゜C mold Before forging Immediately after 200℃ strong forging 400℃ strong test method

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1P205, B203 and M20 (M is an alkali metal) respectively 40-55 mol%, 6-9 mol%, 30-
A mold for forging or extrusion processing, characterized in that a thin film of water-soluble glass containing 60 mol% is uniformly shaped on its inner surface.