JPS5853928B2 - Cleaning mechanism in exhaust gas cleaning equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a cleaning mechanism in an exhaust gas cleaning device.

Conventionally, the inventor of this invention has developed an exhaust gas purifying device for internal combustion engines, etc., for example, in Japanese Patent No. 456190
No. 643) No. 479358 (Special Publication No. 41-5483
We have developed a number of devices that operate on the same principle as these, including the following.

These series of devices are equipped with a squeezing plate with a large number of small holes (throttle holes) drilled in the direction of blocking the gas flow inside the clean cylinder that introduces and discharges exhaust gas, and behind it is a squeezing plate that is used for off-shore capture. It has a structure in which a collecting chamber is formed with collected wood inserted inside, and the expansion phenomenon caused by the squeeze plate (adiabatic expansion, polytropic (p
It is characterized by the use of phenomena such as (oly-trope) change, instantaneous cooling coupling, etc., and their combined effects, and the filtration effect of a collection material.

According to the device based on the above principle, during the cleaning process of exhaust gas, water generated by the cooling effect and chemical harmful components such as sulfate ions contained therein, or solid components such as soot, particles, and heavy metals are fine solid particles. Since the soot is grown and collected separately from the exhaust gas, an extremely high cleaning effect can be obtained, but new challenges such as removing solid components such as soot that are collected from inside the equipment and cleaning the equipment are posed. It has become.

In particular, when these devices are used in diesel engines that emit a large amount of soot, a large amount of soot adheres to the collection material and is collected, which limits the device's service life. Removal becomes an important issue.

Previously, attempts have been made to solve the above problems by spraying a caustic soda solution inside the cleaning device to clean it, or blowing off the collected material by blowing high-pressure air, but in both cases, the inside of the collection chamber, which has a certain volume, has been removed. It was virtually difficult to clean thoroughly.

This invention solves this problem by providing a hollow gas introduction chamber with a large number of gas introduction holes in the peripheral wall so as to be inserted into each collection chamber or between the collection chambers, and communicating the introduction chamber with the outside. A cleaning mechanism that can remove the collected material from the collection chamber by sucking it from the outside with a vacuum pump or using the exhaust pressure of exhaust gas, or by applying pulsation to the gas flow generated by these methods. We aim to provide the following.

To explain in detail the embodiment shown below, FIG. 1 is an overall cross-sectional view showing an example of an exhaust gas cleaning device equipped with the mechanism of the present invention, in which a cooling ventilation pipe 2 is concentrically located in the center of a cleaning tube 1. An exhaust gas introduction pipe for introducing exhaust gas from the engine is connected to the front end, and an exhaust port 4 for purified gas is formed at the rear end.

The front end of the cleaning cylinder 1 opens the exhaust gas introduction pipe 3 and constitutes a first expansion chamber 5 that instantly expands the volume of the introduced gas, into which the gas discharged from the introduction pipe 3 is introduced.
Volumetric expansion occurs instantaneously, resulting in a decrease in the temperature of the gas and accompanying partial liquefaction.

5Ici A second stage expansion chamber separated from the expansion chamber 5 by a throttle plate 7 and provided adjacent to the first expansion chamber, the throttle plate 7 having a large number of small-diameter throttle holes 8. The exhaust gas passes through the throttle hole 8 and enters the expansion chamber 5.
An expansion phenomenon occurs in the process from the gas to the condensation chamber 6, which causes the temperature of the gas to drop and partially liquefy, and inside, complex turbulence, solid particles contained in the gas, and liquefied gas (fine water droplets... Liquefied gas and other solid contents (containing various chemical components in the gas) due to collisions, etc.
(particles) bond and grow as particles to successively larger diameters.

Reference numeral 9 denotes a collection chamber formed following the expansion chamber 5', into which a heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant collection material 10 made of stainless steel mesh or the like is inserted, and in front and behind it are ventilation plates 11 that can be passed through. It is separated by

Here, the gas, minute water droplets, soot, particles, heavy metals, etc. that have passed through the second-stage expansion chamber 5' collide and adhere to the collection material 10, and in this process, the above-mentioned substances contained in the gas are turned into particles. The particles are significantly accelerated to grow together as larger particles and with higher efficiency, and are collected by adhering to the collection material.

The collection chamber 9 and the expansion chamber 5 or 5' are 3 in the illustrated example.
In the space 6 provided at the rear of each collection chamber 9, a donut tube-shaped introduction chamber main body 12b is fixedly fitted into the ventilation pipe 2 so as to form a concentric double circle. The interior thereof forms an introduction chamber 12.

A large number of tubular protrusions 12a made of small-diameter tubes forming a part of the introduction chamber are protruded from the front surface of the donut-shaped introduction chamber main body 12b of the introduction chamber 12 so as to be inserted into the collection chamber 10. An introduction hole 13 consisting of a large number of small holes is bored in the peripheral wall of the tubular protrusion 12 a in the collection chamber 10 , and the introduction hole 13 is made of a large number of small holes.
A take-out pipe 14 introduced from outside the cleaning cylinder 1 is connected to the opening.

A squeeze plate 7 is further provided behind the last-stage collection chamber 9 so that the gas expands again, and a guide cylinder 15 whose diameter is reduced toward the rear end is provided behind it. At the rear of the guide tube 15, there is provided an auxiliary collection chamber 16 which is open toward the open end, into which a collection material is inserted, and which allows ventilation with the outside.

An introduction chamber 12 made of an annular pipe is also provided within this auxiliary collection chamber 16, and a large number of introduction holes 13 are bored in the peripheral wall of the introduction chamber 12, and an extraction pipe 14 is connected thereto in the case of the previous stage. It is similar to

The gas discharged while being guided by the guide cylinder 15 collides with the auxiliary collection chamber 16, causing substances such as solid particles to adhere to the collection material 10, and the gas is discharged to the outside through the exhaust port 4.

The cooling ventilation pipe 2 is curved near the exhaust port 4, penetrates the peripheral wall of the exhaust port 4, and opens to the outside.

On the other hand, at the rear open end of the exhaust port 4, there is a solenoid valve that intermittently opens and closes the exhaust port 4 at intervals of one to several seconds as necessary to give pulsation (vibration) to the gas flow in the cleaning cylinder 1. A pulsating valve 17 consisting of the like is detachably attached.

Each outlet pipe 14 connected to each introduction chamber 12 is provided with a valve 18 that closes the line so that exhaust gas is not discharged through the outlet pipe 14 during operation of the purifier.

The outlet pipe 14 connects to a confluence pipe 19 behind the valve 18.
The end of the confluence pipe 19 is connected to open into the filter bag 21 in the next filter chamber 20, but during the circuit in between, there are Another pulsating valve 22 consisting of a solenoid valve or the like that repeatedly opens and closes is interposed.

A plate end of an exhaust pipe 23 is connected to the lower part of the filter chamber 20. A vacuum pump 24 is installed in the exhaust pipe 23, and the operation of the vacuum pump 24 causes air to flow from the collection chamber 9 to the introduction chamber 12, A cleaning gas flow is formed through the extraction pipe 14, the merging pipe 19, and the filter chamber 20.

Due to the flow of this gas, the solid collected matter adhering to the collecting material 10 is blown off and guided to the filter bag 21, where it is filtered and collected. The gas is discharged into the atmosphere from the exhaust pipe 23, or is returned to the exhaust gas introduction side of the cleaning tube 1 via the return pipe 25, as shown by the imaginary line.

A pie break 27 is attached to the filter chamber 20 to shake off collected substances adhering to the inside of the filter bag 21.

On the other hand, at the lower open end of the filter chamber 20, there is a collected matter storage chamber 2.
9 is connected and provided, and the filter bag 2
The lower opening end of the filter bag 21 also opens into the storage chamber 29, and the collected material shaken down from the filter bag 21 by the vibrator 27 sequentially falls to the bottom of the storage chamber 29 and is stored therein.

Next, a method of cleaning the inside of the cleaning cylinder 1 using the above mechanism will be explained. During operation of the internal combustion engine, a large amount of collected substances accumulates in the collection chamber 9, and the filtration function inside the cleaning cylinder 1 deteriorates. In this case, the pressure sensor 26 provided on the exhaust gas introduction side of the cleaning cylinder 1 senses an increase in back pressure, opens the valve 18, and operates the pulsation valve 22 and vacuum pump 24.

At this time, the other pulsating pallet 17 is not attached.

The pulsation valve 22 creates pulsations in the gas flow in the suction circuit by opening and closing intermittently as described above, and the vibrations caused by the pulsations cause the collected matter adhered to the collection material 10 to be separated and sucked into the introduction chamber 12. and guides it into the filter 21 along with the gas flow.

In the above mechanism, the pulsating valve 22, the filter chamber 20, and the storage chamber 29 can be combined into a unit to form a cleaning device installed at a gas station, an automobile repair shop, etc., where the cleaning tube 1 is cleaned regularly.

Next, a second method of performing a cleaning operation using the mechanism of the present invention will be described.

In the second method that will be explained below, if the collection material becomes clogged with collected substances and the filtration function decreases,
First, the internal combustion engine is stopped, the valve 28 installed in the exhaust gas introduction pipe 3 is closed, the valve 18 and the pulsation valve 22 are fully opened, the vacuum pump 24 is activated to perform suction operation, and the exhaust port 4 side is Pulsating valve 17
Activate.

Due to the operation of the pulsation valve 17, intense pulsation is given to the gas flow caused by suction in the cleaning cylinder 1, and the collected material adhering to the collection material 10 is shaken off by the vibration, and the filter is filtered as in the case described above. It is filtered and collected in the bag 21 and finally stored in the storage chamber 29.

In addition to the above-mentioned method, it is also possible to apply vibration to the gas flow generated only by the exhaust from the internal combustion engine during operation of the purifying device using the pulsating valve 22, thereby guiding the collected substances into the filter bag 21.

FIGS. 2 to 5 are cross-sectional views and partially cutaway front views showing other embodiments of the introduction chamber 12, and FIGS. This is a case where it is formed into a single ring shape concentric with 1.

In this example, the basic structure is the same as that installed in the collection chamber 9 of FIG. 1 in that it has a tubular protrusion 12a on the front surface.

The introduction chamber main body 12b shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B consists of a long donut-shaped can, and has a structure in which an introduction hole 13 is bored in the front end surface and the inner and outer peripheral walls. In this example, the introduction chamber main body 12b
The front end of is inserted into the collection chamber 9.

The example shown in FIGS. 4A and 4H is the introduction chamber main body 12 shown in FIG.
The introduction hole 13 is not drilled in the side wall of b, but instead, an appropriate number of protruding tubes 12e are provided so that their tips are inserted into the collection chamber 9 adjacent to each side wall, and the tips are opened. It's just a short story.

In this structure, the collected material that has been brushed off from the collecting material 10 is introduced into the introduction chamber 12 through the open end of the protruding tube 12e.

In the above structure, since a part of the introduction chamber 12 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 and 4 is inserted into the collection chamber 9, the cleaning function is good and the amount of capture per piece is reduced. Collection room 9
The depth can be increased.

As a result of the above configuration, the present invention is an exhaust gas cleaning device that utilizes the expansion phenomenon of the squeeze plate and the filtration effect of the collection material. It is possible to stop the operation and separate and remove very easily and efficiently, and one collection chamber can be formed with a deep depth to improve collection efficiency, and conversely, a shallow depth can be formed in the cleaning cylinder. It has the advantage that it is possible to connect multiple stages of (thin) collection chambers.

In addition, since the collected matter adhering to the collection chamber can be removed and immediately filtered and re-collected using a filter bag, it is possible to prevent the risk of secondary pollution caused by scattering of soot and the like.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 shows one example of an exhaust gas cleaning device that applies the mechanism of this invention.
The sectional views shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B to 4A and 4B are side sectional views and partially cutaway front views showing other embodiments of the main parts of the mechanism of the present invention. 1: Clean cylinder, 2: Ventilation pipe, 3: Exhaust gas introduction pipe, 4: Exhaust port, 5, 5': Expansion chamber, 6: Space, 7: Squeezing plate, 8: Squeezing plate, 9: Collection chamber , 10: Collection material, 11:
Ventilation plate, 12: Introduction chamber, 12a: Tubular protrusion, 12b:
Introduction chamber main body, 13: Introduction hole 14: Extraction pipe, 15: Guide tube, 16: Auxiliary collection chamber, 17: Pulsation valve, 18: Valve, 19: Merging pipe, 20: Filter chamber, 21: Filter bag, 22 : Pulsating valve, 23: Exhaust pipe, 24:
Vacuum pump, 25: Return pipe, 26: Pressure sensor, 2T: Pie break, 28: Valve, 29: Storage chamber.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A squeeze plate 7 with a large number of small holes drilled inside the cleaning cylinder 1;
Collection chamber 9 filled with filterable collection material 10 and the collection chamber 9
In a structure in which a space 6 adjacent to the space 6 is provided, the space 6
A donut tube-shaped introduction chamber main body 12b is housed in the chamber so as to be concentric with the cleaning cylinder 1, and the end of the introduction chamber main body 12b is inserted into the collection chamber 9, and a small hole is formed in the end surface or peripheral wall of the introduction chamber main body 12b. An introduction hole 13 consisting of
A tubular protrusion 12a, which is a small-diameter tube whose tip end is inserted into the collection chamber 9, is provided protrudingly on the end face of the tubular protrusion 12a.
has a structure in which its tip is an open end or an introduction hole 13 consisting of a large number of small holes is bored in its peripheral wall, and the introduction chamber main body 12b and the tubular protrusion 12a are connected to each other to form an introduction chamber 12, and the above-mentioned The introduction chamber body 12b is connected to a confluence tube 19 outside the cleaning cylinder 1 via an extraction tube 14 connected thereto, a filter chamber 20 provided at its tip, and a filter chamber 20.
The merging pipe 19 is provided with a pulsating valve 22 that opens and closes intermittently, and the exhaust pipe 23 is further equipped with a vacuum pump 24. Cleaning mechanism in gas purifier.