JPS5854267B2 - Electrical signal generator for triggering the ignition process of internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is an electric signal generator for triggering an ignition process in an internal combustion engine in which the cylinders are arranged in the form of The signal generator has a stator with protrusions, the pole protrusions being arranged at the same angular spacing from each other, and the signal generator has a rotor with a number of pole protrusions equal to the number of cylinders. , these pole projections are arranged in such a way that alternating small and large spacings appear, and during rotation, first a first set of every other pole projection of the rotor type projections is arranged. facing the stator pole projections, and then a second set of pole projections comprising rotor seed projections facing the stator pole projections.

A signal generator of this type allows contactless control of transistor ignition systems used for multi-cylinder internal combustion engines with non-uniform ignition intervals in a simple manner.

For example, multi-cylinder internal combustion engines with cylinders arranged in a V-shape have non-uniform firing intervals and non-uniform crankshaft stresses must be avoided.

The use of the signal generator mentioned at the outset includes an all-transistor ignition system, e.g. a limit value switch connected to the signal generator;
A control electronic ignition switching section for interrupting the current supplied from the DC power source and supplied through the primary winding of the ignition coil, a control transistor for controlling the ignition switching section, a limit value switch and a control transistor. There are difficulties with igniters having a storage element that is

The aforementioned storage element stores an energy value that decreases with an increase in the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine, and the control transistor as well as the ignition switching section optimizes the current flow to the primary winding of the ignition coil when the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine changes. It should be controlled so that the period occurs.

In ignition devices of this type, the signal generators mentioned at the beginning are used, in which case due to the non-uniform angular spacing between the pole projections of groups with a large number of pole projections, the signal that is stored in the storage element in each case is Situations also occur in which the energy value deviates so greatly from the set value that an optimum current flow period cannot be obtained in the primary winding of the ignition coil.

The object of the invention is to improve the signal generator mentioned at the outset so that it can be used with satisfactory results in the above-mentioned ignition device.

This problem can be solved as follows according to the present invention.

That is, the first set of pole protrusions of the rotor are wider in the circumferential direction than the second set of pole protrusions, so that when facing the stator pole protrusions, the first set of pole protrusions Department is second
allows passage through the stator pole protrusions over a larger angular range than in the case of the set of pole protrusions.

The present invention will be described in detail below using examples shown in the drawings.

The ignition system of FIG. 1 is used for an internal combustion engine (not shown) of a motor vehicle, not shown.

This ignition device is supplied with power from a power source 1 (a car battery).

One operating switch (ignition switch) from the positive pole of power supply 1
A power supply line 3 having a wire 2 is coming out, and a conductor 4 which is grounded from the negative electrode is coming out.

The line from the feeder line 3 first connects to the primary winding 5 of the ignition coil 6,
It is then connected via an ignition switching section 7 to a grounded conductor 4 .

To prevent overloading, the ignition switching section 7 is formed by the emitter-collector section of a transistor (npn type) 10, with a shunt in the parallel connection of the capacitor 8 and the Zener diode 9 which reacts in the disconnecting direction from the power supply 1. has been done.

By connecting the collectors of both transistors 10, 11 in common to the primary winding 5, the transistor 10 (np
n-type) together with the pretransistor 1 form a Darlington circuit, the pace emitter sections of these transistors each having one of two resistors 12, 13 connected in series in a shunt, and with the pretransistor 1 1
The emitter of is connected to the base of transistor 0.

A connection line connected between the primary winding 5 and the ignition switching section 7 is connected to an ignition distributor (partially shown in FIG. 2) rotated by the internal combustion engine via the secondary winding 14 of the ignition coil 6. is connected to a distributor finger 5, the distributor finger 5 contacting in each case one of six fixed electrodes during operation, each electrode having a connection line to earth with six spark plugs 18. have.

The ignition system is used in the above case for a 4-stroke, 6-cylinder, internal combustion engine, and as is known, the 3 cylinders are
A good working force of the crankshaft, i.e. a perfect weight balance, is achieved in the following way, arranged in rows running in parallel with each other.

That is, the firing interval between the cylinders of the first row and the cylinders of the second row corresponds to an angle α of 45 degrees with respect to the axis 19 about which the distributor finger 5 is pivoted, and the distance between the cylinders of the second row and the cylinders of the first row corresponds to The firing interval between the cylinders of the row is 7 in relation to the axis 19.
This corresponds to an angle β of 5 degrees.

The shaft 19 is designed to rotate at a crankshaft speed of 7.

A line branched from the power supply line 3 is connected to the ground line 4 via a resistor 20 and further via a parallel connection of a capacitor 21 and a Zener diode 22 that responds to the cutoff direction by the power supply 1.
It is connected to the.

The connection point 23 between the resistor 20 and the capacitor 21 as well as the Zener diode 22 has a stabilized potential during operation.

The conductor from the connection point 23 is first connected to a resistor 24, then to a diode 25 which is forward responsive to the power supply, and then via a generator winding 26 to a ground line 41.

The generator winding 26 is shown in FIG. 1 with components indicated by dashed lines;
Also, the signal generator 2 shown in detail in FIGS.
7 (operating in the form of an alternator).

During operation, alternating current signals are supplied from the signal generator 27, of which the positive half-wave U1 acts in the direction of the arrow shown below, and the negative half-wave U2 acts in the direction of the arrow shown above.

Connection point 2 connected between resistor 24 and diode 25
8 is connected to the anode of a diode 29, the cathode of which is a limit value switch 3 operating in Schmitt trigger type.
1 and is also connected to the earth line 4 via a parallel connection of a resistor 32 and a capacitor 33, which is used to leak disturbance pulses.

Limit value switch 31 is (npn type) input transistor 3
4 and (npn type) output] transistor 35.

The emitters of these transistors 34, 35 are connected to the ground line 4 through a common resistor 36, and the collectors are connected to the connection point 2 through one of the resistors 37, 38, respectively.
Connected to 3.

In addition, the base of the output transistor 35 is connected to the collector of the input transistor 34 via a resistor 39, and to the ground line 4 via another resistor 40.

The output side 41 of the limit value switch 31 is a blocking diode 42
The anode is connected to the cathode of at least one capacitor 43 via a storage element 44 (npn type).
It is connected to the base of control transistor 45.

Control transistor 4 connected at the emitter to ground wire 4
A collector 5 is connected to the power supply line 3 through a series connection of two resistors 46 and 47.

At the common connection point 48 of these two resistors 46 and 47 (p-np
The base of the transistor 49 is connected, the emitter of which is connected to the supply line 3, and in order to prevent disturbance pulses it has a capacitor 50 in the shunt of the base-emitter section.

The collector of transistor 49 is connected via a resistor 51 to the base of front transistor 11 .

The electrode side of the capacitor 43 forming the storage element 44 facing the control transistor 45 is connected via a discharge resistor 52 to the connection point 23, while the electrode side facing the limit value switch 31 is connected via a charging resistor 53 to the connection point 23. It is connected to 23.

A capacitor 54 in the base-emitter section of the control transistor 45 likewise prevents a control effect due to disturbance pulses.

The operation of the above-mentioned ignition device will be explained in detail below.

As soon as the activation switch 2 is closed, the device is ready for operation.

If a negative voltage half-wave is tapped into the signal generator 27, this voltage half-wave does not act on the base of the input transistor 34 belonging to the limit value switch 31 because of the diode 25.

In this case, a control current flows through the base-emitter section of the input transistor 34, which control current flows through the circuit elements 2,
3, 20, 24, 29, 36, 4.

The emitter-collector section of this transistor 34 is switched on, while the emitter-collector section of the output transistor 35 is switched off accordingly.

As a result, a control current likewise flows through the base-emitter section of the control transistor 45, which control current flows through the circuit elements 2.3, 20, 52, 4, and the emitter-collector section of this transistor 45 is in a conducting state. controlled by.

A portion of the current is then branched off via a charging resistor 53 and a capacitor 43 forming a storage element 44, so that this capacitor 43 is charged to a constant energy value.

If the emitter-collector section of the control transistor 45 is conducting, the control current flows through the base-emitter section of the transistor 49, so that the emitter-collector section is conducting.

Due to this conduction, circuit elements 2, 3, 49, 51゜13.1
A voltage drop occurs across resistors 12 and 13 via resistors 2 and 4.

As a result of this voltage drop, the emitter-collector section of the front transistor 11 as well as the emitter-collector section of the transistor 10 forming the ignition switching section 7 is brought into conduction.

The primary winding 5 of the ignition coil 6 is therefore supplied with power from the power supply 1.

If a positive voltage half-wave U1 occurs in the generator winding 26 of the signal generator 27, the potential at the connection point 28 will move in the negative direction until the flow of control current to the input transistor 34 of the limit value switch 31 is blocked. change.

The control current then flows through the base-emitter section of the output transistor 35 and also through the circuit elements 2, 3, 20° 37.
39.36.4 to make the emitter-collector section of this transistor 35 conductive.

The discharge of the capacitor 43 forming the storage element 44 is carried out by the resistor 5.
2. Emitter-collector section of output transistor 35;
This is done via a resistor 36.

The base potential of the control transistor 45 shifts in the negative direction until the emitter-collector section transitions into the cut-off state.

As a result, the emitter-collector section of transistor 49, the emitter-collector section of pretransistor 11,
Furthermore, the emitter-collector section of the transistor 10 forming the ignition switching section 7 is switched off.

At that time, by interrupting the current flowing through the primary winding 5, a high voltage pulse is generated in the secondary winding 14, and as a result, the spark plug 1
An ignition spark occurs at 8.

After a predetermined period, the capacitor 43 forming the storage element 44
The discharge continues while the emitter-collector section is brought into conduction again due to the positively increasing potential at the base of the control transistor 45.

As a result, the emitter-collector section of transistor 49, the emitter-collector section of pretransistor 11 and the emitter-collector section of transistor 10 forming ignition switching section 7 are rendered conductive again.

Even before the limit value switch 31 is inverted by the positive voltage half-wave U1 of the signal generator 27, i.e. before the emitter-collector section of the input transistor 34 becomes conductive and the emitter-collector section of the output transistor 35 becomes non-conducting. , current can flow through the primary winding 5 again, thereby causing energy storage to take place in the ignition coil 6 again.

If this reversal control is then carried out, the capacitor 43 forming the storage element 44 is charged again via the resistor 53, so that the operation described above is repeated again.

The energy stored in each case due to this charging decreases as the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine increases.

The signal generator 27 used for triggering the ignition process and controlling the energy storage in the storage element 44 is connected to the structure (second
, FIG. 3) has a stator 55 that is free from magnetic material in the upper groove.

The stator consists of a pot-shaped base 56 and a group 57 of pole projections 58, 59, 60.

The pole protrusions 58, 59, 60 protrude from the end surface defining the open end of the base body 56.

The base body 56 has a hole 61 in its bottom central portion, into which communicates a central hole 62 of a bearing sleeve 63 which prevents a magnetically permeable material projecting into the base body 56.

The bearing sleeve has a flange 64 at the end opposite the bottom of the base body 56.

A shaft 19 is pivotably mounted in the bore 61 and in the central bore 62.

A rotor 6 fixed to the shaft 19 and also made of magnetically permeable material.
5 is rotated by the shaft 19.

The rotor has a circular disc shape, and has pole projections 67°68.69, 70, 71.72 radially projecting on its outer periphery.
It has a group 66 of .

The rotor 65 is connected to the shaft 1 via a magnetically non-conductive bearing sleeve 73.
It is fixedly connected to 9.

In addition, the bearing sleeve 73 is surrounded by an axially magnetized permanent magnet 74.

The permanent magnet rests on the rotor 65 with its north pole and on the flange 64 of the bearing sleeve 63 with its south pole.

The outer periphery of the bearing sleeve 63 supports a generator winding 26 mounted on a coil mold 75, which generator winding supplies an alternating current signal to the terminal 76 during operation.

Pole protrusions 67, 68, 69, 70° 71. of rotor 65.
The group 72 has twice the pole protrusion of the stator 55 as compared to the group 57 of 58°59.60.

In this case, when the shaft 19 rotates, each pole projection of the group 57 momentarily adjoins each pole projection of the group 66.

In addition, the pole projections 5B, 59, 60 of the group 57 (ie the group with a small number of pole projections) are arranged at the same angle γ radially from the axis 19, as described above.

Due to the sudden change in magnetic flux that generates the trigger signal, all pole projections 58, 59, 60 of group 57 are connected to each pole projection 67, 69, 71 of the second set of group 66 to the first set. The pole projections 67° 68.69, 70, 71,
The arrangement of 72 has been selected.

Pole projections 58, 59 corresponding to the triggering of the ignition process
．． From the adjacency of 60 and 67, 69, 71, pole projections 58, 59, 60 and 68, corresponding to the triggering of the next ignition process,
70, 72, the angle α through which the shaft 19 rotates differs from the desired firing interval angle β.

This angle β is such that the rear axis 19 of the angle α again corresponds to the pole projections 58, 59, 60 and 67, 69, 7 that correspond to the triggering of the ignition process.
It is the angle to rotate until adjacent to 1.

In the above case, the rotor 65 rotates in the direction of arrow R, that is, in the counterclockwise direction.

Pole protrusions 58, 59, 60 and pole protrusions 67°69.71
The ignition process is triggered if the magnetic flux begins to decrease during the instantaneous adjacency of the pole projection 58.59.60 and the pole projection 68.70.72.

At this time, the change in magnetic flux from decrease to increase occurs when the centers of pole protrusions 58, 59, 60 coincide with the centers of pole protrusions 67, 69, 71 to 68, 70, 72 due to leakage flux and armature reaction. This is not done at the location of the rotor 65, but rather when the moving pole protrusion disengages from the fixed pole protrusion.

The fixed electrodes 17 have an angular spacing corresponding to the ignition spacing, as indicated by the illustrated angles α, β in FIG.

The group 66 with a relatively large number of pole projections results in two pole projections 67° 68.69,7 with a small angular spacing α.
The pole protrusions 68 to 70 to 72 belonging to the first set among 0, 71, and 72 are adjacent to the pole protrusions 58, 59, 60 of group 5γ having a relatively small number of pole protrusions in the second position, Polar protrusions 67, 69, 71 belonging to the other cylinder 2 group
is group 5 with a relatively small number of pole protrusions in the first position.
The pole projections adjacent to the pole projections 58, 59, 60 of No. 7 and belonging to the first set are connected between the stator 55 and the rotor 65 over a larger rotation angle than the pole projections belonging to the second set. used for instantaneous magnetic flux flow.

The pole projections 58 of the group 57 have a relatively small number of pole projections from the pole projections 68 to 70 to 72 belonging to the first set.
During the instantaneous flow of magnetic flux from 59 to 60, the magnetic flux increase as well as the magnetic flux decrease associated with the rotation of the rotor 65,
The pole projections 58 of the group 57 have a relatively small number of pole projections from the pole projections 67 to 69 to 71 belonging to the second set.
An optimum effect is obtained if the magnetic flux extends over a larger angle of rotation than in the case of an instantaneous flow of magnetic flux from 59 to 60.

From the above-mentioned configuration, the pole protrusions 68 to 70 to 72 belonging to the first set are arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotor 65 to the pole protrusions belonging to the second set (for example, in the group 57 having a relatively small number of pole protrusions). (having a shape and size at least approximately corresponding to the individual pole projections 58, 59, 60).

Polar protrusions 67.68 and 69.70 and γ1,7
The center-to-center spacing of 2 will be smaller than the firing spacing associated with axis 19 (for example 45 degrees).

Therefore, the pole protrusions 68, 69 and 70, 71 and 7
The angle between the centers of 2.67 is the firing interval (
For example, 75 degrees).

In the voltage U-time t-diagram of FIG. 5a, the time course of the alternating voltage signal supplied by the signal generator 27 is shown.

If the pole projections 67, 69, 71 belonging to the second set approach the pole projections 58, 59, 60 and the magnetic flux increases, a negative half U2 occurs between times t1 and t2.

The first pole protrusion 6769.71 is the pole protrusion 58, 59, 6
When the magnetic flux decreases due to separation from 0, the time points t2 and t3
A positive half wave U1 is generated between.

In this case, at time t2', the limit value switch 3 is indicated by a dashed line.
A switching limit value US of 1 is obtained.

The emitter-collector section of the input transistor 34 goes into a non-conducting state, which is illustrated in the current 1 time t diagram of FIG.

Depending on this, the emitter-collector section of the output transistor 35 becomes conductive, which prevents the discharge of the storage element 44 from occurring in FIG.
The voltage U is shown in the time t-diagram and at the same time triggers the switching control of the ignition switching section 7 to the cut-off state, ie the ignition process.

The current flow in the primary winding 5 is the current shown in Figure 5 d.
It has the course shown in the diagram.

After the predetermined discharge state has been achieved in the storage element 44 at the time tp', the ignition switching section 7 again enters the conducting state, so that a new current can flow through the primary winding 5.

If the positive half-wave U1 between times t2 and t3 falls to the limit value US of the limit value switch 31 at the time t2'', the emitter-collector section of the input transistor 34 becomes conductive again.

The emitter-collector section of the output transistor 35 is accordingly non-conducting, so that the storage element 4 is again in a non-conducting state.
4 charging is performed.

When the magnetic flux increases as the pole protrusions 68, 70, 72 belonging to the first set approach the pole protrusions 58, 59, 60, a negative half wave U2 occurs between time t3 and t4.

When the magnetic flux decreases because the pole protrusions 68°70.72 belonging to the first group are separated from the pole protrusions 5B and 59.60,
A positive half wave U1 occurs between times t4 and t5.

The switching limit value US of the limit value switch 31 is then obtained at time t4' (FIG. 5a).

As a result, the emitter-collector section of the input transistor 34 becomes non-conducting (FIG. 5b).

Depending on this, the emitter-collector section of the output transistor 35 becomes conductive, which means that the storage element 44 (FIG. 5C)
), and at the same time, the ignition switching section 7 is cut off (
5d), in other words triggering the next ignition process.

After the predetermined discharge state has been obtained in the storage element 44 at the time t', the ignition switching section 7 again enters the conducting state, so that a new current flows in the primary winding 5 (FIG. 5d). ).

The positive half wave U1 between time t4 and t5 is time t4///
When the voltage drops to the limit value US of the limit value switch 31, the emitter-collector section of the input transistor 34 becomes conductive again (FIG. 5b).

As a result of this, the emitter-collector section of the output transistor 35 becomes non-conducting, which causes a new charging of the storage element 44 (FIG. 5C).

Thereafter, the operation shown in FIG. 5 a=d is repeated.

Two seed ridges 67 with a relatively small angular spacing α.
Among the seeds 68 to 69, 70 to 71, and 72, the seed pieces 68 to 70 to 72 belonging to the first group transmit magnetic flux to the rotor over a larger rotation angle than the seed piles 67 to 69 to 71 belonging to the second group. The charging and discharging of the storage element 44 stores sufficient energy in the ignition coil 6 for effective ignition even at short firing intervals, while reducing the current flow during large firing intervals. It is ensured that the flow does not extend into the primary winding 5 for an unnecessarily long period of time.

As shown in FIG. 4, the seed mountain portion 6 belonging to the rotor 65
7.68, 69, 70, 71.72 can also be bent, so that the pole protrusion runs axially towards the bottom of the stator 55 and the angled part 77 is attached to the seed pile belonging to the stator 55. It extends over at least the end portion 78 of the portion 58°59.60.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a transistor ignition device in a signal generator according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway sectional view of the signal generator according to the present invention, FIG. 3 is a plan view of the signal generator, and FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a partially modified signal generator, and FIGS. 5a to 5d are diagrams for explaining the operation of the ignition device of FIG. 1. 27... Signal generator, 31... Limit value switch, 55... Stator, 65...
rotor.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An electrical signal generator for triggering the ignition process in an internal combustion engine with a V-shaped arrangement of cylinders, the signal generator comprising a stator with half the number of pole projections as the number of cylinders. , the pole projections are arranged at the same angular spacing from each other, and the signal generator has a rotor with a number of pole projections equal to the number of cylinders, the pole projections alternately having small The first set of alternate pole projections of the rotor pole projections is arranged opposite to the stator pole projections, alternately during rotation. ,
Then, in a type in which a second set of pole projections comprising the remaining pole projections of the rotor seed projections opposes the stator pole projections, the pole projections of the first set of rotor The pole projections of the first set are wider in the circumferential direction than the pole projections of the second set, so that when facing the stator pole projections, the pole projections of the first set are wider than the pole projections of the second set. An electric signal generator for triggering the ignition process of an internal combustion engine, characterized in that it is able to pass through stator pole projections over a large angular range.