JPS5856681B2 - garbage collection equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION There are many unresolved problems in garbage collection in housing complexes and the like consisting of many high-rise residential complexes.

In other words, for example, it is one of the most unpleasant tasks in modern life for a large number of residents living on high floors to collect the garbage stored in plastic containers from each apartment at a collection point on the ground using an elevator on a specific day. As a countermeasure, dumping into a dust chute has been adopted in some cases, but there are many problems with unsanitary conditions near the outlet and collection of the waste.

Transporting food waste through pneumatic pipes has also been studied, but because the nature of the waste is diverse, many accidents occur due to clogging of the pipes, making it extremely difficult to eliminate accidents.

Therefore, research has recently begun on pneumatic transport of waste into capsules, in which waste containers are filled and carried out from each house and transported through pneumatic pipes.

The technology for pneumatically transporting documents and other small items into capsules has already been established, but it is necessary to pneumatically transport capsules with varying contents and large volumes, such as city garbage, from each high-rise building. When transporting capsules in a tube, there are measures to prevent collisions between capsules at branch points and rear-end collisions at the end of the pneumatic main, and measures to reduce dispatch and waiting time when transporting capsules taken out from the end by truck. Rationalization is necessary, and there is still no known technology for these.

The present invention solves all of the above-mentioned problems and provides a new and streamlined means for pneumatically transporting waste into capsules.

That is, A is a pneumatic main pipe, which is laid almost along the ground surface above or below ground from its starting end (not shown) to its ending end (not shown).

Pneumatic feed main pipe A has pneumatic feed branch pipe BI I B2 +...
...are converging and connected.

The pneumatic branch pipes B11, B21...... have a plurality of input ports b1. with opening/closing lids. b2. b3゜・・・・・・
There is a vertical tube BB equipped with ..., and capsules containing garbage can be thrown in through these inlets.

The vertical pipe BB usually reaches the top floor of a high-rise residential building, and it is preferable to provide one inlet for each floor of one pneumatic branch pipe.

An open port Q is provided at the top end of the vertical tube BB.

Each pneumatic branch also has one inlet, e.g. b
If l is open, all other input ports b2 + b
A slot opening/closing control device is provided which locks the opening/closing lid of 3° so as not to be opened.

Specifically, for example, a drive current distribution and supply device is provided which inputs an output signal when the open/close lid of the BL is detected, for example, by a microswitch installed at the inlet. Inlet opening b2. b3. It is sufficient to supply it to the solenoid of the electromagnetic lock of the opening/closing lid.

Each pneumatic branch pipe B1. B2. In both cases, a gate valve GV1. G■2.・・・－・・・・・・
・ is inserted.

According to the present invention, a branch pipe opening/closing device is next provided.

Although this branch pipe opening/closing device is not shown, for example,
Gate valve GV1 of a certain pneumatic branch pipe (e.g. B1)
For example, 10 or 3 capsules stay upstream of
When a predetermined number, such as 0, is reached, the opening/closing lids of all inlets belonging to that pneumatic feed branch pipe B1 are locked, and the opening/closing lids of all inlets belonging to that pneumatic feed branch pipe B2+... Open/close valve G
■2. . b2.・・・・・・・・・
・, and then lock other on-off valves Gv2,...
For example, the contacts of the microswitch provided on the opening/closing lid of each inlet and the opening/closing valve Gv2 of the other pneumatic branch pipe B2 1...... cannot be opened.・・・
The on-off valve GV1 is electromagnetically operated by the output of an AND circuit between the contact point of a microswitch installed at All you have to do is drive it open.

According to the invention, a capsule speed constant device is further provided.

This device keeps the conveyance speed, which changes depending on the number and weight of capsules conveyed in a group through the pneumatic main pipe A at one time, approximately constant to, for example, 3 m/sec to 5 m/sec. This device uses an intake flow rate measuring device FC inserted in the intake main pipe C that connects the terminal end A1 of the pneumatic main pipe and an intake air source such as a floor, and uses its output to measure the opening of the intake main pipe C. It consists of an intake control valve Cv that adjusts the air flow.

Next, according to the invention, a capsule 4 mobilization device is provided.

This device connects in parallel the number of intake branch pipes C1, C2, . This is what I did.

According to the invention, there is further provided a capsule retrieval device, which device has a unique capsule waiting device as follows.

That is, E is a terminal tube installed at the end of the terminal end A1 of the pneumatic main pipe, and the bottom of this terminal tube E has an opening/closing lid e for capsule ejection.
There is.

Therefore, the capsule that has progressed through the pneumatic main pipe A will finally fall and be placed on the opening/closing lid e, but in that case, outside air is injected through the control valve AV4,
The airflow impinges on the next capsule that is following the capsule placed in the end tube E, thereby holding that capsule near the end of the tube E near sunrise.

Now, the present invention provides a pneumatic feed branch pipe having an inlet opening/closing control device, a branch pipe opening/closing device to the pneumatic main pipe, a capsule constant speed device, a capsule 4-mobilization device, and a capsule Since the gate valve Gv1. Gv
2. ......and each pneumatic branch pipe B1. B2
．． Inlet port b1t b21b3t
It is assumed that ...... are all closed.

Since Gvl is closed and the vertical pipe BB has an open port Q, the upstream portion of Gvl of the pneumatic branch pipe B1 maintains normal pressure.

For example, if you use the opening/closing lid of input port b1 to insert a capsule filled with garbage, the capsule will fall at a relatively slow speed while displacing the air above and below it through the surrounding gap due to its own weight. Then, stop at G■1.

When the opening/closing lid of the input port b2.bl is open, the other input port b2. b3.・・・・・・−
The opening/closing lid of ... is locked, and at the same time as bl and b
2. Since b3 etc. cannot be opened, there is no possibility that two or more capsules will be thrown into one pneumatic branch pipe at the same time and cause a collision.

In this way, once a predetermined number of capsules have accumulated upstream of G1, the opening/closing lids of all the inlets of the pneumatic branch pipe B1 are immediately locked by the branch pipe opening/closing device described above, so that the capsules cannot be filled. There is no possibility that the predetermined number will be increased.

After this locking, the GVl is opened, so all the staying capsules are sent to the pneumatic main pipe A by suction from the pneumatic main pipe A.
Proceed through pneumatic main A towards the end.

When the GVl is opened, the above-mentioned branch pipe opening/closing device keeps the on-off valves G2 and others of the other pneumatic feed branch pipes B2 and others closed, so that the air supply from the other pneumatic feed branch pipes B2 and others is kept closed. Collisions with other capsules are avoided.

That is, the branch pipe opening/closing device prevents a predetermined number or more of capsules from stacking up in the pneumatic branch pipe, and prevents capsule groups from colliding with each other at the branch junction.

The illustrated control valve AV1 adjusts the speed at which the capsules are fed into the pneumatic main pipe A by adjusting the intake of air from the opening Q.

Now, after the capsule group has been sent to the pneumatic main pipe A,
G■1 is closed, bl, b2. b3.・・・・・・・・・
At the same time, the locking of the gate valve G2 is released and the capsule can be inserted again, and at the same time, the opening operation of the other gate valves G2 and others becomes possible.

Next, the advancing speed of the capsule group in the pneumatic main pipe A is significantly influenced by the number of capsules in the capsule group, the weight of the filled capsules, etc.

Therefore, if the number of capsules in a group is limited as described above, it will depend primarily on weight.

However, according to the present invention, the above-mentioned capsule speed regulating device is provided, and by utilizing the fact that the amount of intake air naturally decreases when the weight of the capsule group is large, the output of the intake flow rate measuring device is Since the opening degree of the intake control valve C■ is adjusted, the transport speed of the capsule group traveling through the pneumatic feed main pipe A can be made almost constant.

The aforementioned capsule 1 activating device is provided at the terminal end A1 of the pneumatic main pipe.

First, the leading capsule of the group of capsules passes the position of the connection port with the pneumatic branch pipe C1.

Now, when a group of capsules moves through the pneumatic main pipe A, each capsule from the leading capsule to the trailing capsule does not closely follow each other, and there are gaps, albeit slight, between them.

As mentioned above, when the leading capsule enters between the pneumatic branch pipes C1 and C2, the intake air of C1 acts from behind the leading capsule, so the speed is reduced to almost a stop in some cases.

However, as the next capsule reaches the position of C1 and the connection port of C1 becomes somewhat blocked, the leading capsule increases its speed due to the intake of air from C2, . . . Cn, C'. Pass the connection port of C2.

In this way, the leading capsule moves forward into the pneumatic main A.
reaches the end of

The same goes for the second and subsequent capsules, and all the capsules advance while moving inching.

The number of intake branch pipes C1, C2, etc. is σ determined according to the number of capsules in the capsule group, and when the leading capsule reaches the end of the pneumatic main pipe A, the trailing capsule is C1.
and C2.

Since all the capsules move in this way, collisions with each other can be avoided even if the leading capsule stops.

Now, the leading capsule which has moved a little bit and reached the end of the pneumatic main pipe A is received into the terminal tube E of the above-mentioned capsule take-out device, and is dropped and placed on the opening/closing lid e.

If a capsule is detected on the opening/closing lid e, the capsule standby device described above starts operating.

That is, for example, the output of the detector S4 using a photoelectric element closes the valve A3, and opens the valve A4 to take in outside air into the terminal pipe E, thereby directing the airflow generated in the terminal pipe E to the intake branch pipe C'. By circulating the airflow, the airflow is blown onto the second capsule present at the entrance of the terminal pipe E, and the pressure of the spraying causes this capsule to stop and wait at that position.

Thus, the opening/closing lid e is opened, and the leading capsule placed thereon is taken out onto the roller conveyor R and conveyed to the loading position.

Detector S detects the taken out capsule, closes the opening/closing lid e based on its output, reopens A■3, and closes A■4.
provided for closing.

That is, when the opening/closing lid e is closed, the second capsule is opening/closing lid e.
The third capsule that fell upward and reached the entrance of the terminal tube E,
The capsule is kept waiting at the entrance by the above-mentioned capsule waiting device.

By repeating such automatic operations, a group of capsules consisting of a predetermined number are sequentially transported to the outside and shipped.

However, the number of pieces carried out each time the opening/closing lid e is opened is AV
3. By changing the standby time by adjusting the opening/closing time of the AV4, it is possible to have one unit at a time, or if a pneumatic tube with a square cross section and a square capsule are used, they can be stacked, so it can be two to three units.

The mark 1 displayed on the taken-out capsule K is a mark indicating whether the capsule filling is flammable, such as kitchen garbage, or something that requires special handling, such as plastic. Then, this can be identified using a detection tool similar to that described above, and based on the output from the identification, it can be automatically separated on a conveyor and separated and carried out.

Thus, according to the present invention, the number of capsules that are carried out successively at one time can be set to a large number, such as one truckload, so that the capsules are sporadically transported one by one for an indefinite period of time. Unlike garbage collection, which is carried out at a standstill, there is no waste in the capacity of workers, transport vehicles, or waiting time, and garbage collection can be carried out with extremely high efficiency.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawing is a pipe diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. A is the pneumatic main pipe, A1 is the terminal end, B1. B2 is a pneumatic branch pipe, BB is a vertical pipe, C is an intake main pipe, C1, C2°Cn, C'
is the intake branch pipe, D is the branch point, E is the terminal tube, Q is the open port,
FC is the intake flow rate measuring device, C■ is the intake control valve, Gvl,
Gv2 is the gate valve, AV. AV2. AV3. AV4 is the control valve, ■ is the intake source, Sl,
B2. B3. B4. B5 is the detection tool, K is the capsule, K1
is a sign, R is a roller conveyor, M is a motor, b
l, B2. B3 is the inlet, e is the opening/closing lid, V 1 + V
2 t Vjl is a check valve.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An open port Q is provided at the top end of a vertical tube BB which is provided with a plurality of input ports b1, b2, b35, etc. with opening/closing lids into which capsules containing garbage are input. and connected to the pneumatic main pipe A, and in response to opening of any one input port b1, all other input ports b2, b3.
The gate valve G■ inserted between the input port opening/closing control device that locks the opening/closing lid of ... 1. G■2.
Pneumatic feed branch pipe Bl + B2 for garbage capsule pneumatic feeding equipped with ......... All pneumatic feed branch pipes B1 + B2 t...・・・・・・
・Opening/closing valve GV,. GV2. Normally, the on-off valve G■1 is closed in any particular pneumatic branch pipe, such as branch pneumatic pipe B1. All the opening/closing lids of the inlets connected to the pipe B1 are closed, and the other pneumatic branch pipes B2, . . .
Opening/closing valve G■2. Opening the above-mentioned on-off valve GV1 in response to the fact that . . . is closed, and
All input ports b1+b connected to the pneumatic feed branch pipe B1
2t......, and lock the other on-off valve G■2. A branch pipe opening/closing device that makes it impossible to open the pneumatic main pipe A, and a transport system that changes depending on the number and weight of capsules transported as a group through the pneumatic main pipe A. In order to keep the speed almost constant, the terminal part A of the pneumatic main pipe is
A capsule consisting of an intake flow rate measuring device FC inserted into an intake main pipe C that connects the intake air source V with the intake flow measuring device FC, and an intake control valve C■ that adjusts the opening degree of the intake main pipe C by the output of the intake flow rate measuring device FC. Constant speed device, terminal end A1 of pneumatic main pipe and intake main pipe C
and a capsule 4 mobilization device in which a number of intake branch pipes C1, C2, . . . corresponding to the number of capsules in the capsule group described above are connected in parallel, and In response to the capsule being placed on the opening/closing lid e for capsule ejection provided at the bottom of the terminal tube E provided at the end of the terminal portion A1, the flow of outside air injected through the control valve AV4 causes
A garbage collection device comprising a capsule take-out device equipped with a capsule standby device that holds the next capsule to be tracked near the entrance of the terminal tube E.